CN103913804A - Long-distance weak-coupling optical fiber coupler and application thereof - Google Patents
Long-distance weak-coupling optical fiber coupler and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103913804A CN103913804A CN201310005594.0A CN201310005594A CN103913804A CN 103913804 A CN103913804 A CN 103913804A CN 201310005594 A CN201310005594 A CN 201310005594A CN 103913804 A CN103913804 A CN 103913804A
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Abstract
A long-distance weak-coupling optical fiber coupler comprises two optical fibers (201 and 202), a coupling area (501) and four terminals (101, 102, 103 and 104). The two optical fibers (201 and 202) are arranged in parallel at the equal interval and share a common outer cover layer (301). The two optical fibers can generate weak coupling in the outer cover layer (301) to form the coupling area. The four terminals (101, 102, 103 and 104) are arranged outside the outer cover layer (301). The long-distance weak-coupling optical fiber coupler is characterized in that the length of the coupling area (501) is between 2 meters and 20 meters, and the horizontal distance between the centers of the two optical fibers is between 100 micrometers and 500 micrometers. The long-distance weak-coupling optical fiber coupler eliminates a traditional method using an optical fiber combiner to generate pumping laser to couple an inner cover layer of an active double-cover-layer optical fiber and remarkably improves performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber coupler, relate in particular to the long fiber coupler apart from weak coupling type.
Background technology
We know, fiber laser has obtained development rapidly in recent years.Its type comprises fiber pulse laser, optical fiber high power CW laser instrument and the high-power quasi-continuous laser of optical fiber.These fiber lasers all need pumping laser to be coupled to for the inner cladding of the Active Optical Fiber of light amplification and to go.
The method that at present pumping laser is coupled into Active Optical Fiber inner cladding is to use optical-fiber bundling device, and this bundling device is divided into 1 two types of N x 1 and N+1 x's.The former restraints N pump light and is coupled into the inner cladding of Active Optical Fiber; The latter, in N being restrainted to the inner cladding that pump light is coupled into Active Optical Fiber, keeps the flashlight transmission of central fibre core constant.In actual use, effect is obviously to depart from ideal situation, and these undesirable situations comprise: 1 flashlight is not completely unaffected, and can produce in the position of bundling device the light signal point of discontinuity of.This point can produce scattering, reflection and pattern and crosstalk.2 pump lights are entering after Active Optical Fiber inner cladding, with flashlight, cross-talk has occurred, after reflection spot, the reflected light of flashlight can enter the light path of pump light, thereby enter pumping semiconductor laser inside, can cause thus pump laser job insecurity, damage or burn.This work for fiber laser and fiber amplifier is totally unfavorable.The optical power density that 3 optical-fiber bundling devices close bundle point, bifurcated junction at light beam is higher, heat accumulation, and long-term work easily causes heating, thus the guided wave situation that causes thus waveguide changes and reduces the serviceability of even destroying optical-fiber bundling device.Forward light path and the reverse optical path of 4 optical-fiber bundling devices are asymmetric, and this just need to carry out respectively forward pumping and backward pumping with two kinds of different optical-fiber bundling devices.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of fiber coupler of growing apart from weak coupling.Its structure is the optical fiber that adopts two parallel equidistant arrangements, and a public common polymkeric substance surrounding layer, between two optical fiber, weak coupling occurs, and forms coupled zone, solves the coupled problem of pump light in fiber laser and amplifier.Do not need to use optical-fiber bundling device to carry out the pump light coupling of Active Optical Fiber, to overcome the intrinsic technical vulnerability of optical-fiber bundling device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in the following ways: the long fiber coupler apart from weak coupling, comprise two optical fiber, a coupled zone and four terminations, two parallel equidistant arrangements of optical fiber, a public common surrounding layer, there is weak coupling in two optical fiber, form coupled zone in surrounding layer, and four terminations are in the outside of surrounding layer, it is characterized in that: the length of described coupled zone is between 2-20 meters, and horizontal spacing is 100-500 micron.
Described surrounding layer forms by applying low refractive index polymer.
A described optical fiber is the Active Optical Fiber with fibre core and inner cladding, is evenly mixed with rare earth element in its fibre core.
Another described root optical fiber is the multimode non-impurity-doped optical fiber without inner cladding.
A kind ofly grow the application in fiber laser of fiber coupler apart from weak coupling, formed by two fiber gratings, fiber coupler, optical-fiber bundling device, semiconductor pump laser, optical fiber end face reflector, isolator and collimating apparatuss, six independently semiconductor pump laser be combined into a branch of by 6 x 1 optical-fiber bundling devices, enter the port of second optical fiber of fiber coupler, first optical fiber is carved with fiber grating as reflective optical system in the both sides of coupling unit, and they have formed the laserresonator of required wavelength; Optical fiber end face reflector reflects back into residual pump light between the coupled zone of optical fiber again, again makes fibre core absorb and is gained, and pumping laser is through port, isolator and the collimating apparatus output of fiber coupler.
A kind ofly grow the application in fiber laser of fiber coupler apart from weak coupling, by fiber coupler, optical-fiber bundling device, semiconductor pump laser, optical fiber end face reflector, Laser output isolator and collimating apparatus, semiconductor seed laser, pulse driving power and optical fiber prime amplifier composition, the cladding light power stripper that the output terminal of preposition amplification comprises doubly clad optical fiber, pulsed drive source drives semiconductor seed laser, the pulsed laser signal that semiconductor seed laser sends, first amplify through Optical Preamplifier, again after the port of first optical fiber of fiber coupler enters coupled zone and further amplifies, by isolator and collimating apparatus output.
The present invention has abandoned traditional means that realize pumping laser coupling with optical-fiber bundling device.The fiber coupler that the present invention proposes, the return loss and the pattern that greatly reduce light are crosstalked.In the application of fiber laser, avoid and prevented that reverse light echo from causing damage and damaging fiber ring laser system, from basis, eliminate significantly the cross-talk at point of discontinuity between Optical Fiber Transmission pattern and covering transmission mode, and scattering and reflection.Simultaneously due to the parallel equidistant placement completely of two optical fiber in the present invention, there is no ubiquitous cone, welding, the discontinuous factor such as stranded of drawing in traditional fiber coupling mechanism, in whole light path, keep smooth and run through continuously.Due to the smooth continuity of this fiber coupler entirety, the heat absorption point that does not have discontinuous, bifurcated, thickness variation, defect etc. to cause, therefore this fiber coupler has higher fire damage threshold value.In addition, because the coupling process of this fiber coupler is distributed on one section of very long optical fiber, so the heat of the high power laser of whole coupling process burden has been shared whole length of interval, lowered the heat burden of unit length optical fiber.Further, fiber coupler of the present invention has the feature of middle reverse optical path symmetry, and unlike traditional optical-fiber bundling device, is positive and negative asymmetric.Utilize this character, in this same fiber coupler, can realize two directional pump and unidirectional pumping and improve in conjunction with the mode of catoptron the utilization ratio of pump light.There is significant performance boost effect these stability for the photosystem being made up of this fiber coupler, reliability, permanance aspect.
Method of the present invention has fundamentally suppressed technical bottleneck and the constraint of traditional fiber bundling device, realize the coupling of pumping laser to Active Optical Fiber inner cladding by a kind of new mode, avoided intrinsic problem in the classic methods such as local excessive heating, pattern are crosstalked, light echo reflection simultaneously.Fiber coupler has that unit length coupling coefficient is low, and coupling distance is long, the return and low feature of crosstalking of light.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal profile structural representation of fiber coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of fiber coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the first optical fiber laser structure schematic diagram that adopts fiber coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the second optical fiber laser structure schematic diagram that adopts fiber coupler of the present invention.
In figure: 201 is first optical fiber, 202 is second optical fiber, 101 is left end heads of first optical fiber, 102 is left end heads of second optical fiber, 103 is right-hand member heads of second optical fiber, 104 is right-hand member heads of second optical fiber, 301 is public surrounding layers of two optical fiber, 401 is fibre cores of first optical fiber, 402 is inner claddings of first optical fiber, 403 is fibre cores (multimode) of second optical fiber, the 501st, fiber coupler of the present invention, the 502nd, the fiber grating in left side, the 503rd, the fiber grating on right side, 504 is optical-fiber bundling devices of 6 x 1, the 505th, semiconductor pump laser, the 506th, optical fiber end face reflector, the 507th, Laser output isolator and collimating apparatus, the 508th, semiconductor seed laser, the 509th, pulse driving power, the 510th, optical fiber prime amplifier.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the long fiber coupler apart from weak coupling, comprise two optical fiber 201,202, coupled zone and four terminations 101,102,103,104, two parallel equidistant arrangements of optical fiber 201,202, share a common surrounding layer 301, two optical fiber are in the interior generation weak coupling of surrounding layer 301, form coupled zone, 101,102,103,104 outsides at surrounding layer 301,4 terminations, the length of coupled zone is between 2-20 meters, and the horizontal spacing of two fiber optic hubs is 100-500 micron.
By first optical fiber 201 with fibre core 401 and inner cladding 402, with second parallel placement of optical fiber 202 only having fibre core (multimode) 403, keep equidistantly, and around them, apply the common surrounding layer 301 that low refractive index polymer forms.The coupled zone length that two optical fiber covers at surrounding layer is within the scope of 2-20 rice.Outside coupled zone, two optical fiber have 4 terminations, are respectively 101,102,103, and 104.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 3, adopt the first optical fiber laser structure schematic diagram of fiber coupler of the present invention.A kind of fiber laser, adopts 6 independently semiconductor pump lasers 505, is combined into a branch ofly by 6 x 1 optical-fiber bundling devices 504, then enters the port one 02 of second optical fiber 202 of fiber coupler 501 of the present invention.First optical fiber 201 is the Active Optical Fibers with inner cladding 402 and fibre core 401, and its core segment is mixed with rare earth element with low concentration.First optical fiber 201 is carved with fiber grating as reflective optical system 502 and 503 in the both sides of coupling unit, they have formed the laserresonator of required wavelength.Pumping laser forms the weak coupling in unit length on coupling length interval by fiber coupler of the present invention, will in the inner cladding of pumping laser coupled into optical fibres 201 in optical fiber 202, go.The inner cladding 402 of optical fiber 201 provides gain for doped core 401, and gradually pump light is absorbed to fibre core and light amplification effect is provided.This has the medium of the gain of light and the resonator cavity of two of left and right fiber grating 502 and 503 to join together, between form optical resonance, produce laser.Optical fiber end face reflector 506 reflects back into residual pump light between the coupled zone of optical fiber 202 again, enters into optical fiber 201 by weak coupling, is again had the fibre core of gain to utilize, and has improved so significantly the utilization factor of pumping laser.The port one 03 of fiber coupler is exported by isolator and collimating apparatus 507.Formed the fiber laser of a continuous working by above part.The pump power that improves semiconductor laser can make the output power of this fiber laser reach higher optical power levels.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 4, be the second optical fiber laser structure schematic diagram that adopts fiber coupler of the present invention.Adopt semiconductor laser as seed light source 508, the pulse laser of its output first carries out preposition amplification through Optical Preamplifier 510, then enters the port one 01 of first optical fiber of fiber coupler of the present invention.Prime amplifier inside has comprised the cladding light power stripper of doubly clad optical fiber.Pumping source adopts 6 semiconductor pump lasers 505 independently, is combined into a branch ofly by 6 x 1 optical-fiber bundling devices 504, then enters the port 2 of second optical fiber of fiber coupler 501 of the present invention.First optical fiber 201 is the Active Optical Fibers with inner cladding 402 and fibre core 401, and its core segment is mixed with rare earth element with low concentration.First optical fiber 201 does not need fiber grating at the two ends of coupled zone.The inner cladding 402 of optical fiber 201 provides gain for doped core 401, and gradually pump light is absorbed by fibre core and light amplification effect is provided.The laser that semiconductor seed laser 508 sends, first after the pre-amplification of prime amplifier 510, then the light amplification of Active Optical Fiber by coupling mechanism 501, luminous power has been risen to higher level.Optical fiber end face reflector 506 reflects back into residual pump light between the coupled zone of optical fiber 202 again, enters into optical fiber 201 by weak coupling, is again had the fibre core of gain to utilize, and has improved so significantly the utilization factor of pumping laser.The port 3 of fiber coupler, by an isolator and collimating apparatus 507, is then exported.Adopt pulsed drive source 509 to drive semiconductor seed laser 508.Formed the fiber laser of a pulsed operation by above part.
Fiber coupler scenario-frame of the present invention and maximum in the past are not both: in fiber laser in the past, the optical-fiber bundling devices that adopt are realized the coupling of pumping laser to Active Optical Fiber inner cladding more, have introduced that larger light is return, the undesirable element such as scattering, fiber mode are crosstalked, thermal absorption point.And the present invention has overcome above-mentioned shortcoming preferably, adopt and realize the coupling of pump light to Active Optical Fiber inner cladding at the continuous fiber coupler of photo structure Smooth.Promote significantly the performance of whole fiber laser.
The present invention is applicable to jointed fiber laser instrument and pulse optical fiber simultaneously.Also be applicable to forward pumping, backward pumping, two directional pump, and the unidirectional pumping of reflection enhancement type.
Principle of work
The fiber coupler that the present invention proposes is two equidistant multimode optical fibers that lean on closelyer from xsect.Every root multimode fiber has one group of corresponding intrinsic conduction mode.Near the light field of these patterns mould field strength center is higher, and radially decay is gone down gradually.When two optical fiber lateral separations are very near and when parallel placement, can overlap integration between their pattern, this overlap integral can make to intercouple between their mould field.That is to say, if an optical fiber has input optical signal, another root optical fiber does not have input optical signal, transmits after a segment distance when them, has the luminous energy in the optical fiber of inputting light to transfer in the optical fiber that there is no input optical signal and go having partly.Their spacing and overlap integral determine their coupling efficiencies in unit length, and their length determines total degree of coupling of coupling mechanism.Therefore suitably choose and comprise optical fiber horizontal spacing and longitudinal length, and other structural parameters and physical parameter, can make this fiber coupler be coupled with coupling efficiency and the total degree of coupling optimized.
Claims (6)
1. the long fiber coupler apart from weak coupling, comprise two optical fiber (201, 202), a coupled zone (301) and four terminations (101, 102, 103, 104), two optical fiber (201, 202) parallel equidistant placement, a public common surrounding layer (301), in surrounding layer (301), there is weak coupling in two optical fiber, form coupled zone, four terminations (101, 102, 103, 104) be located at the outside of surrounding layer (301), it is characterized in that: the length of described coupled zone (501) is between 2-20 meters, horizontal spacing is between 100-500 micron.
2. length according to claim 1, apart from the fiber coupler of weak coupling, is characterized in that: described surrounding layer (301) is the coat being made up of low refractive index polymer.
3. length according to claim 1, apart from the fiber coupler of weak coupling, is characterized in that: a described optical fiber (201) is with the Active Optical Fiber of fibre core (401) and inner cladding (402), is evenly mixed with rare earth element in its fibre core.
4. length according to claim 1, apart from the fiber coupler of weak coupling, is characterized in that: another described root optical fiber (202) is the multimode non-impurity-doped optical fiber without inner cladding.
5. one kind long fiber coupler apart from weak coupling application in fiber laser, by fiber grating (502, 503), fiber coupler (501), optical-fiber bundling device (504), semiconductor pump laser (505), profile of optic fibre catoptron (506), isolator and collimating apparatus (507) composition, six independently semiconductor pump laser (505) be combined into a branch of by 6 x 1 optical-fiber bundling devices (504), enter the port (102) of second optical fiber (202) of fiber coupler (501), first optical fiber (201) is carved with fiber grating as reflective optical system (502 in the both sides of coupling unit, 503), form the laserresonator of required wavelength, optical fiber end face reflector (506) reflects back into residual pump light between the coupled zone of optical fiber (202) again, again makes fibre core absorb and is gained, and pumping laser is through port (103), isolator and collimating apparatus (507) output of fiber coupler.
6. one kind long fiber coupler apart from weak coupling application in fiber laser, by fiber coupler (501), optical-fiber bundling device (504), semiconductor pump laser (505), optical fiber end face reflector (506), Laser output isolator and collimating apparatus (507), semiconductor seed laser (508), pulse driving power (509) and optical fiber prime amplifier (510) composition, the cladding light power stripper that optical fiber prime amplifier (510) inside comprises doubly clad optical fiber, pulsed drive is carried out to semiconductor seed laser (508) in pulsed drive source (509), the pulsed laser signal that semiconductor seed laser (508) sends, first passing through Optical Preamplifier (510) amplifies, again after the port (101) of first optical fiber of fiber coupler (501) enters coupled zone (301) and further amplifies, by isolator and collimating apparatus (507) output.
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| CN201310005594.0A CN103913804A (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | Long-distance weak-coupling optical fiber coupler and application thereof |
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| GB2233116A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1991-01-02 | Fujikura Ltd | Optical fibre coupler having polished grooved substrates whose sides have different areas |
| CN101777723A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-07-14 | 广州奥鑫通讯设备有限公司 | High-power optical fiber side pumping coupler and manufacture method thereof |
| CN201955492U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-08-31 | 杭州华威药业有限公司 | Doubly clad optical fiber laser coupling device |
| CN102298173A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2011-12-28 | 武汉安扬激光技术有限责任公司 | Lateral pumped fiber structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102520474A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Side pump all fiber and laser and amplifier based on all fiber |
| CN203164480U (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏天元激光科技有限公司 | Long distance loose coupling fiber coupler |
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2013
- 2013-01-08 CN CN201310005594.0A patent/CN103913804A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2233116A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1991-01-02 | Fujikura Ltd | Optical fibre coupler having polished grooved substrates whose sides have different areas |
| CN101777723A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-07-14 | 广州奥鑫通讯设备有限公司 | High-power optical fiber side pumping coupler and manufacture method thereof |
| CN201955492U (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-08-31 | 杭州华威药业有限公司 | Doubly clad optical fiber laser coupling device |
| CN102298173A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2011-12-28 | 武汉安扬激光技术有限责任公司 | Lateral pumped fiber structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102520474A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Side pump all fiber and laser and amplifier based on all fiber |
| CN203164480U (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏天元激光科技有限公司 | Long distance loose coupling fiber coupler |
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Application publication date: 20140709 |