CN103912994B - A kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus and system control method - Google Patents

A kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus and system control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103912994B
CN103912994B CN201310003867.8A CN201310003867A CN103912994B CN 103912994 B CN103912994 B CN 103912994B CN 201310003867 A CN201310003867 A CN 201310003867A CN 103912994 B CN103912994 B CN 103912994B
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receiver
row
solar
aggregation apparatus
optical receiver
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CN103912994A (en
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刘阳
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BEIJING TERASOLAR PHOTOTHERMAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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BEIJING TERASOLAR PHOTOTHERMAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310003867.8A priority Critical patent/CN103912994B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/070101 priority patent/WO2014106478A1/en
Publication of CN103912994A publication Critical patent/CN103912994A/en
Priority to HK15100212.5A priority patent/HK1201316A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus, it is characterized in that, described linear aggregation device comprises linear light concentrator and linear one; Described linear one is placed near described linear light concentrator focal line position or focal line position, comprises at least 2 and arranges the optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition; Proportionate relationship according to each row optical receiver received energy judges tracking accuracy, and adjustment concentrator is accurately followed the tracks of accordingly; Described optical receiver is photo-thermal receiver or photovoltaic receiver or photo-thermal photovoltaic composite receiver.The present invention also provides a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus system control method, it is characterized in that, described system control method arranges the proportionate relationship of the energy value that the optical receiver that is arranged in juxtaposition receives separately according to two, judges focusing deviation direction and the degree of deviation of described linear light concentrator.Solar linear aggregation apparatus provided by the invention and system control method, structure is simple, easy to operate, follows the tracks of accurately, can utilize in system or photo-thermal photovoltaic complicated utilization system for solar energy optical-thermal or photovoltaic on a large scale.

Description

A kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus and system control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to optically focused and automatic tracking technology field, be specifically related to one and accurately follow the tracks of the sun in real time, for the highly effective gathering of solar energy and the linear aggregation Apparatus and system control method of utilization.
Background technology
Sunshine is one of the abundantest regenerative resource of global reserves, sunshine is effectively gathered, Appropriate application, under the rough sledding that the conventional energy resources such as present coal, oil, natural gas are deficient gradually, it has a extensive future, of far-reaching significance, therefore efficiently, economy, utilize solar energy to be subjected to environmental protection to pay close attention to widely and pay attention to.
In order to improve solar energy resources utilization rate, need to utilize solar tracking device to follow the tracks of sunray; Follow the tracks of the method for the sun and mainly take two kinds of forms: photoelectric tracking and according to looking daily motion track following; The former is the system of closed loop, and the latter is the system of open loop.
Authorization Notice No. is in the application documents of CN2472151Y, propose the device that a kind of pyramid photoelectric sensor receives sunshine, when sunshine is not orthogonal to the center of pyramid photoelectric sensor, the output voltage of four electro-optical packages will be caused unequal, as long as compare the voltage that four electro-optical packages export, just can calculate current solar azimuth, and then control step motor drives tracking means to follow the tracks of the sun; Its advantage is that precision is high, shortcoming is complex structure, following range is little, cost is high, therefore utilize in system at other types such as Fresnel and groove type solar, this photoelectric sensor result of use is poor, and main cause is that sunshine and minute surface are difficult to keep plumbness, and photoelectric sensor is no longer applicable.In addition, the tracker of photoelectric tracking mode is very large by the impact of weather, if occur that in long period section black clouds covers the situation of the sun, sunshine often cannot be irradiated on receiver, cause photoelectronic tracking device to aim at the sun, even can cause the misoperation of executing agency.
The running orbit that groove type solar utilizes the tracking system of device mainly to calculate the sun according to theoretical calculation formula is followed the tracks of, but, the calculated results caused due to problems such as construction, installations often can not meet the required precision of system keeps track completely, or in running, there is accumulated error, often need manually to revise according to field condition, and the judgement of this kind of correction normally completes by naked eyes and experience, there is no strict basis for estimation.This just creates adverse effect to the efficiency of the gentle raising system of the Automated water of solar heat power generation system.
In existing tracking mode, single open loop or closed-loop fashion is relied on to be difficult to realize accurately round-the-clock solar tracking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus, and according to the system control method that a kind of Open loop and closed loop combines, realize the round-the-clock accurate tracking to the sun.
The invention provides a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus, it is characterized in that, described linear aggregation device comprises linear light concentrator and linear one; Described linear one is placed near described linear light concentrator focal line position or focal line position, comprises at least 2 and arranges the optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition; Proportionate relationship according to each row optical receiver received energy judges tracking accuracy, and adjustment concentrator is accurately followed the tracks of accordingly; Described optical receiver is photo-thermal receiver or photovoltaic receiver or photo-thermal photovoltaic composite receiver.
Preferably, described linear one is the optical receiver that two row are arranged in juxtaposition.
Further, each row optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition described in has the identical receivable solar energy of Theoretical Design.
Further, two of the described optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition be listed in same one end be connected formed U-shaped, realize in the heat transfer medium of the identical other end or the input and output of electric current, this structure is also considered as two in same linear one and arranges optical receiver arranged side by side.
Further, described optical receiver entirety is the U-shaped structure being arranged in juxtaposition up and down or being symmetrically arranged.
Further, described single optical receiver comprises glass tube, is arranged in the secondary light condensing device of glass tube and receiving system.
Further, the glass tube of described photo-thermal receiver keeps vacuum state, reduces the loss of heat.
Preferably, the glass tube of described photo-thermal receiver keeps dynamically vacuumizing state, reduces the loss of heat.
Further, described photovoltaic receiver comprises the circuit that at least two row are connected in parallel, and every column circuits is made up of several photovoltaic cells, is electric energy by the light energy conversion being incident to photovoltaic cell surface.
Further, described linear light concentrator is traditional slot-type optical collector or Fresnel array concentrator.
The present invention also provides a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus system control method, it is characterized in that, described system control method arranges the proportionate relationship of the energy value that the optical receiver that is arranged in juxtaposition receives separately according to two, judges focusing deviation direction and the degree of deviation of described linear light concentrator.
Further, each row of described optical receiver all arrange temperature detecting point or power detection point, to judge the proportionate relationship of the received energy value of each row.
Further, described system control method, on the basis of opened loop control, carries out judging and revising according to described bias direction, realizes open loop-closed loop complex tracking and controls.
Further, each row of described photo-thermal receiver can calculate the proportionate relationship by light energy value obtained separately according to flow, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and corresponding specific heat coefficient, utilize each row by the relativity of light energy, judge and adjust concentrator to follow the tracks of.
Preferably, the two row photo-thermal receiver arranged side by side of described U-shaped connection, because the flow in two row is identical, according to temperature and the corresponding specific heat coefficient value of general import temperature, general export temperature, U-shaped bending point, the light energy proportion relation that acquisition two arranges can be calculated, can save the flow measurement device of receiver, simplification system reduces costs.
Further, described photovoltaic receiver compares according to the received power contrast of each row, judges and adjust concentrator to follow the tracks of.
Further, under the condition that described each row optical receiver Theoretical Design received energy is identical, during proportionate relationship identical (ratio is 1:1) of each row received energy value of actual measurement, decision-making system is in optically focused accurate status.
Further, under the condition that described each row optical receiver Theoretical Design received energy is identical, when the proportionate relationship of each row received energy value of actual measurement is different, the optically focused that decision-making system is in the spot position deflection higher row side of received energy departs from state.
The present invention has following obvious advantage compared with the system control method in existing solar linear aggregation apparatus: because the accumulation of systematic error causes a deviation when 1, avoiding open-loop tracking, and then cause Solar use efficiency to decline; 2, save because the artificial adjustment link when problems such as assembly precision exist, saved human cost, and improve tracking accuracy; 3, take the system control method that Open loop and closed loop combines, efficiently avoid the tracking that single control mode causes inaccurate; 4, directly measure final spotlight effect, measured value is reliable and stable, is not easily disturbed, and set-up of control system is simple, cost is lower, accurately and reliably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiment of the invention scheme is described in detail, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment overall structure schematic diagram of solar linear aggregation apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of solar linear aggregation apparatus optical receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Systematical control schematic diagram of solar linear aggregation apparatus photo-thermal receiver of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the Systematical control schematic diagram of solar linear aggregation apparatus photovoltaic receiver of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment overall structure schematic diagram of solar linear aggregation apparatus of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, described linear aggregation device comprises linear light concentrator 101 and linear one 102; Described linear light concentrator 101 is traditional slot-type optical collector or Fresnel array concentrator, the sunshine exposing to its surface is reflexed to the linear one 102 above it.Described linear light concentrator 101 calculates the open-loop tracking of running orbit enforcement to sunray of the sun according to theoretical calculation formula.Described linear one 102 is placed near described concentrator 101 focal line position or focal line position, and the solar energy reflexing to its surface is converted into heat energy or electric energy.Described same linear series receiver 102 comprises at least 2 and arranges the optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition; Proportionate relationship according to each row optical receiver received energy judges tracking accuracy, and adjustment concentrator is accurately followed the tracks of accordingly; The described each row optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition have Theoretical Design identical can received energy, the solar energy of equivalent can be received; Further, described in be arranged in juxtaposition two of optical receiver be listed in same one end and be connected and formed U-shaped, realize the input and output of heat transfer medium at the identical other end or electric current, this structure is considered as two row in same linear one optical receiver arranged side by side; Described optical receiver is photo-thermal receiver or photovoltaic receiver or photo-thermal photovoltaic composite receiver.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of solar linear aggregation apparatus optical receiver of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 2, described optical receiver entirety is U-shaped structure, implements the input and output of the heat transfer medium of same one end; Described U-shaped structure is arranged in juxtaposition up and down or is symmetrically arranged, and comprises optical receiver 207 and optical receiver 208; Described single optical receiver comprises glass tube 203, is arranged in the secondary light condensing device 204 of glass tube and receiving system 206.; Each row receiving system 206 of described formation optical receiver and the secondary light condensing device 204 of correspondence thereof are arranged in respective glass tube 203.The inside of glass tube 203 keeps vacuum state, reduces thermal loss, keeps inner vacuum state especially by dynamically vacuumizing; There is one deck high-reflecting film on secondary light condensing device 204 surface, the sunshine being incident to its surface is reflexed to receiving system 206 surface; Described receiving system 206 is coated with one deck efficient selective coating for surface during photo-thermal field, and the solar energy being incident to receiving system 206 surface is converted into heat energy; Described receiving system 206 inside is full of the heat transfer medium of flowing, and heat transfer medium enters from optical receiver 207, and optical receiver 208 flows out, and the thermal temperature absorbing receiving system 206 surface in flow process constantly raises.
Or receiving system 206 is for during photovoltaic art being the photovoltaic cell that light-electricity transforms; The solar energy being incident to receiving system 206 surface is converted into electric energy.It is outside by auxiliary circuit outflow system after the sunshine that described receiving system 206 surface receives changes into electric energy.
Fig. 3 is the Systematical control schematic diagram of solar linear aggregation apparatus photo-thermal receiver of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, in the Systematical control of solar linear aggregation apparatus photo-thermal receiver, linear light hot receiver is U-shaped, arrange the proportionate relationship of the energy value that the optical receiver that is arranged in juxtaposition receives separately according to two, judge focusing deviation direction and the degree of deviation of described linear light concentrator; Each row of described linear light hot receiver all arrange temperature detecting point, to judge the proportionate relationship of each row diverse location received energy value.Each row of described photo-thermal receiver can calculate the proportionate relationship by light energy value obtained separately according to flow, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and corresponding specific heat coefficient, utilize each row by the relativity of light energy, judge and adjust concentrator to follow the tracks of.Preferably, the two row photo-thermal receiver arranged side by side of described U-shaped connection, because the flow in two row is identical, according to temperature and the corresponding specific heat coefficient value of general import temperature, general export temperature, U-shaped bending point, the light energy proportion relation that acquisition two arranges can be calculated, can save the flow measurement device of receiver, simplification system reduces costs; Under the condition that described each row optical receiver Theoretical Design received energy is identical, when the proportionate relationship of each row received energy value of actual measurement is identical, decision-making system is in optically focused accurate status; Under the condition that described each row optical receiver Theoretical Design received energy is identical, when the proportionate relationship of each row received energy value of actual measurement is different, the optically focused that decision-making system is in the spot position deflection higher row side of received energy departs from state.Be specially the input position of linear light hot receiver, at least one location point of centre position and outgoing position and arrange temperature detecting point, such as centre position arranges a temperature monitoring point at U-shaped bending part.The input heat-transfer medium temperature of described linear one is T1, and U-shaped bending part heat-transfer medium temperature is T3, and the output heat-transfer medium temperature of linear one is T2.Calculate the theoretical heat-transfer medium temperature T3 ' of U-shaped bending part according to the temperature T2 of output heat transfer medium and the temperature T1 of input heat transfer medium, if T3 '=T3, then illustrate that linear light concentrator is accurate to the tracking of the sun, does not need control system to make a response; If T3>T3 ', then the sunshine focal line deflection photo-thermal receiver 307 that linear light concentrator converges is described, control system makes corresponding adjustment, makes convergence light be partial to photo-thermal receiver 308, until T3 '=T3; If T3<T3 ', then the sunshine focal line deflection photo-thermal receiver 308 that linear light concentrator converges is described, control system makes corresponding adjustment, makes convergence light be partial to photo-thermal receiver 307, until T3 '=T3.Further, described system control method, on the basis of opened loop control, carries out judging and revising according to described bias direction, forms open loop-closed loop complex tracking and controls.
Fig. 4 is the Systematical control schematic diagram of solar linear aggregation apparatus photovoltaic receiver of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, in the Systematical control of solar linear aggregation apparatus photovoltaic receiver, comprise photovoltaic receiver 409 ~ photovoltaic receiver 410 that at least two row are connected in parallel.Single-row photovoltaic receiver such as photovoltaic receiver 409 comprises glass tube, is arranged in the secondary light condensing device of glass tube and receiving system; Described receiving system with and/or secondary light condensing device in glass tube, make the not affected by environment or erosion damage of photovoltaic cell.Described receiving system is the photovoltaic cell of arranged in arrays, and Closed loop track control system compares according to the power of each row receiving system, judges and adjust concentrator to follow the tracks of; Be specially photovoltaic receiver 409 and photovoltaic receiver 410 arranges power stage test point, the power of such as photovoltaic receiver 409 is P1, and the power of photovoltaic receiver 410 is P2, if P1=P2, then illustrate that linear light concentrator is accurate to the tracking of the sun, does not need control system to make a response; If P1>P2, then the sunshine focal line deflection photovoltaic receiver 409 that linear light concentrator converges is described, control system makes corresponding adjustment, makes convergence light be partial to photovoltaic receiver 410, until P1=P2; If P1<P2, then the sunshine focal line deflection photovoltaic receiver 410 that linear light concentrator converges is described, control system makes corresponding adjustment, makes convergence light be partial to photovoltaic receiver 409, until P1=P2.
Obviously, under the prerequisite not departing from true spirit of the present invention and scope, the present invention described here can have many changes.Therefore, all predictable changes to those skilled in the art, all should be included within scope that these claims contain.The present invention's scope required for protection is limited by described claims.

Claims (15)

1. a solar linear aggregation apparatus, is characterized in that, described linear aggregation device comprises linear light concentrator and linear one; Described linear one is placed near described linear light concentrator focal line position or focal line position, comprises at least 2 and arranges the optical receiver be arranged in juxtaposition; Proportionate relationship according to each row optical receiver received energy judges tracking accuracy, and adjustment concentrator is accurately followed the tracks of accordingly; Described optical receiver is photo-thermal receiver or photovoltaic receiver or photo-thermal photovoltaic composite receiver.
2. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 1, described in each row optical receiver of being arranged in juxtaposition there is the identical receivable solar energy of Theoretical Design.
3. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in be arranged in juxtaposition two of optical receiver be listed in same one end be connected formed U-shaped.
4. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described single optical receiver comprises glass tube, is arranged in the secondary light condensing device of glass tube and receiving system.
5. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described glass tube keeps vacuum state.
6. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described glass tube keeps dynamically vacuumizing state.
7. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photovoltaic receiver comprises the circuit that at least two row are connected in parallel.
8. a kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described linear light concentrator is traditional slot-type optical collector or Fresnel array concentrator.
9. a solar linear aggregation apparatus system control method, it is characterized in that, described system control method arranges the proportionate relationship of the energy value that the optical receiver that is arranged in juxtaposition receives separately according to two, judges focusing deviation direction and the degree of deviation of described linear light concentrator; Described optical receiver is photo-thermal receiver or photovoltaic receiver or photo-thermal photovoltaic composite receiver.
10. solar linear aggregation apparatus system control method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, each row of described optical receiver all arrange temperature detecting point or power detection point, to judge the proportionate relationship of the received energy value of each row.
11. solar linear aggregation apparatus system control methods according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described system control method, on opened loop control basis, carries out judging and revising according to described bias direction, realize open loop-closed loop complex tracking and control.
12. solar linear aggregation apparatus system control methods according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, each row of described photo-thermal receiver can calculate the proportionate relationship by light energy value obtained separately according to flow, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and corresponding specific heat coefficient, utilize each row by the relativity of light energy, judge and adjust concentrator to follow the tracks of.
13. solar linear aggregation apparatus system control methods according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described photovoltaic receiver compares according to the received power contrast of each row, judge and adjust concentrator to follow the tracks of.
14. solar linear aggregation apparatus system control methods according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, under the condition that described each row optical receiver Theoretical Design received energy is identical, when the proportionate relationship of each row received energy value of actual measurement is identical, decision-making system is in optically focused accurate status.
15. solar linear aggregation apparatus system control methods according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, under the condition that described each row optical receiver Theoretical Design received energy is identical, when the proportionate relationship of each row received energy value of actual measurement is different, the optically focused that decision-making system is in the spot position deflection higher row side of received energy departs from state.
CN201310003867.8A 2013-01-06 2013-01-06 A kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus and system control method Active CN103912994B (en)

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CN201310003867.8A CN103912994B (en) 2013-01-06 2013-01-06 A kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus and system control method
PCT/CN2014/070101 WO2014106478A1 (en) 2013-01-06 2014-01-03 Solar linear concentrating device and system control method
HK15100212.5A HK1201316A1 (en) 2013-01-06 2015-01-08 Linear device for gathering solar energy and a method for controlling the device systematically

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CN201310003867.8A CN103912994B (en) 2013-01-06 2013-01-06 A kind of solar linear aggregation apparatus and system control method

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CN105650908A (en) * 2014-11-11 2016-06-08 刘庆云 Light deviation monitoring device for light heat power generation
EP3260894A4 (en) * 2015-02-12 2018-10-03 Bolymedia Holdings Co. Ltd. Concentrated solar energy system

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CN1945163A (en) * 2006-07-24 2007-04-11 曹宏海 Sunlight tracking method and device for solar energy application field
CN101526275A (en) * 2008-03-03 2009-09-09 安徽电子信息职业技术学院 Solar tracking heat collection device for adjustable mirror
CN101625232A (en) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-13 陈鼎凌 Wide-domain high-sensitivity sun-tracking sensor
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HK1201316A1 (en) 2015-08-28
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