CN103911523A

CN103911523A - Method for preparing porous aluminum pore-forming salt pill

Info

Publication number: CN103911523A
Application number: CN201410134519.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王立东; 涂武; 吴耀明; 王超; 王立民; 罗玖强; 冉旭; 黎书华; 王才宏; 付观井
Original assignee: Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
Current assignee: Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
Priority date: 2014-04-04
Filing date: 2014-04-04
Publication date: 2014-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2034-04-04
Also published as: CN103911523B

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a salt pill for a support body required for counter-pressure casting of porous aluminum or for a pore forming material for forming pores, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing spherical salt pills applied to vacuum infiltration casting in counter-pressure casting when an interlocking pore rare-earth aluminum alloy porous metal material is cast by salt particles or salt balls or salt pills as a pore forming material or a support body. The bottleneck that the salt pills cannot be matched with a baysalt process, so as to be difficulty used in cycle in the prior art is solved, and the obtained interlocking pore aluminum is high in strength, high in interlocking rate, and good in pore frequency conversion effect.

Description

The preparation method of salt ball for porous aluminum pore-creating

Technical field

The invention belongs to salt ball preparation method field, be specifically related to the preparation method of a kind of porous aluminum pore-creating salt ball.

Background technology

" porous aluminum " of the present invention refers to Porous aluminium, and English is defined as interlocking pore aluminium or interlocking pore aluminium alloy more accurately.Its corresponding Chinese language appellation terms is: " being communicated with pass porous aluminum " or " being communicated with pass porous Al alloy ".Rather than usually said foamed aluminium (foamed aluminium), obviously, for the latter, even without a communicating aperture, also can be called foamed aluminium.In contrast, " be communicated with pass porous aluminum " focuses on together with porosity (interlocking pore ratio), is communicated with porosity and approaches 100%, is one of principal character of high-quality porous aluminum.Two concepts are radicallyed reform, and are beneficial to patent and meet the double properties as Legal Papers and scientific and technical literature simultaneously.

Equally, " salt ball " of the present invention refers to salt pill.Itself and diplomatic " salt ball " (salt pellet) or the salt particle key distinction are: in the present invention, " salt ball " emphasizes system of processing more." ball " intension roughly the same for " ball, loose, cream and pellet " in itself and Chinese Chinese patent medicine.Another is beneficial to analogizing to that Chinese understand: salt ball is equivalent to " ripe Lantern Festival ", and salt ball is equivalent to " raw Lantern Festival ", although that the two is all is spherical, the former emphasizes the systematicness of processing and the course of processing more.Supplement non-compatriots tired that solutions " Lantern Festival " that be not able to give process state into:

Chinese, take sticky rice flour as raw material, take the beanstalk of winnowing with a dustpan as main tool, put into by sticky rice flour the beanstalk of winnowing with a dustpan; To putting into the sticky rice flour surface of winnowing with a dustpan in beanstalk, spill into a small amount of water or put into fillings, shake dustpan take translation as main mode, roll out globe, this globe rolling out is called " raw Lantern Festival ", then, and follow-up deep processing, such as common boiling or fried carried out slaking processing, obtain product and be called as " ripe Lantern Festival "." life " and " ripe " profile on Lantern Festival is all spherical, but internal structure generation great change does not have intensity such as " raw Lantern Festival " at all, and easily dry linting, also frangible; And through " ripe Lantern Festival " of pyroprocessing, sticky rice flour high polymer main chain and side chain etc. are hinged, strength enhancing is to non-friable, also dry linting not.This tired state and to the juggling with words like a pedant of " salt ball " and " salt ball ", be beneficial to colleague to the present invention and closely-related with the present invention before the understanding of principle of invention.

The communicating aperture of porous aluminum is to lay the foundation to its inner fill fluid etc. in subsequent process.Such as: on April 20th, 1999, the exercise question of the disclosed United States Navy Department of United States Patent (USP) trademark office (The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy) application is the US5 of " porous metal-butyronitrile matrix material of lightweight and high damping " (Lightweight high damping porous metal/phthalonitrile composites), 895, No. 726 patents, for this invention gained porous aluminum-butyronitrile matrix material, polymer industry peer be understood that, as long as liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber raw material and liquid initiator etc. are filled in porous aluminum, intensification polymerization can obtain.Introduce and this porous aluminum-butyronitrile matrix material is used for to many vibration and noise reducing parts such as battleship, submarine as for this invention, for vibration and noise reducing professional person, this purposes that is used battleship, submarine vibration and noise reducing parts, is only regarded as tip of the iceberg.

After World War II; each national expenditures salt grain or other salt grain; drying the supporter using salt grain as counter-pressure casting porous aluminum and porous magnesium etc.; aluminium liquid is flow through from the gap as supporter salt grain; after alloy is cooling; with Water dissolve salt grain; obtain thus the porous metal such as porous aluminum; this has been disclosed secret; its multiple application be also disclosed secret (Dong Longxiang, Xu Guogen, Wu Yaoming. the progress [J] of foam magnesium. Chinese material science and technology and equipment; 41 phase of volume .P48-51 in 2007,56).

But even to this day, for take salt ball, salt particle and salt ball as supporter, seepage flow is manufactured the major defect that the prior art of porous aluminum exists and is: salt recycling economy and environmental problem do not solve.Visualize exists: stage at the beginning of the design of technology of preparing, especially " beaker technology " stage, pore-creating salt can not circulation and economic utilization and do not considered to be just genetic to the defect of environment ability to bear among the industrial manufacturing technology of volume production porous aluminum.Such as China's last century end, Suburbs of Shanghai and northeast four porous aluminium manufacturer coequally, the technique of its use is: take salt particle as supporter, Seepage Foundry obtains porous aluminum, and salt supporter is disposable use, can not reuse, processing a large amount of washing saline methods is: in factory, dig pit, salt solution is deposited in ground surface soil, once run into heavy rain sky, cause in factory salt solution crossing current everywhere, and often flow out outside factory.This because of the uneconomic problem of environmental externality, be the major cause that forces these enterprises to stop production or close down.Once someone proposed in factory, to build salt field, and solving pore-creating salt can not Recycling, but this ivory-towered imagination is finally proved infeasible.On apparent, show as land resources restriction, actual two kinds of objective factors are: one: despise " evaporating brine is also a knowledge ", such as despising evaporation, bittern and Economy Matching etc., saltern addressing is affected; Its two, ignore mating of " take salt ball, salt particle and salt ball as supporter, at the beginning of seepage flow is manufactured the prior art design of porous aluminum, how just not looking ahead and the technique of evaporating brine "; The insider of salt industry provides conclusion to this: " if in porous aluminum factory newly-built salt field, original technique not necessarily can be shone the salt that can bear economically.(Wu Fajin, the management of washing bittern in the extra large salt course of processing, Soviet Union's salt science and technology, the 4th phase, P4-7).”

With salt ball, salt particle and salt ball are supporter, seepage flow is manufactured in numerous technology of porous aluminum, be worth an invention of praising highly to be: the CN102146532A patent of invention that Patent Office of the People's Republic of China's on August 10th, 2011, disclosed exercise question was " preparation method of composite spherical porous aluminum ", this invention is one can effectively prepare the invention that porous aluminum presoma is prepared in porous aluminum and " main road to letter ", the ultimate principle that it is transplanted Chinese and " rolls Lantern Festival " and prepare Lantern Festival or the rice dumpling, prepare porous aluminum presoma---salt ball or salt ball, obtain the porous Al alloy in subglobular hole, from all many-sides such as process innovation, creativeness and practicality, all reach higher level.Regrettably, this invention does not relate to the solution of the salt recycling economies such as salt supporter secondary use and environmental problem.Obviously, in laboratory scale, select chemical pure or analytically pure sodium-chlor, prepare several porous aluminum samples, the washing water of washing salt supporter are directly put into water drain, say environment is caused to very large pollution, obviously exaggerate.And chemical pure or analytically pure sodium-chlor can be produced salt ball " beaker technology ", in the future to using the very high Industrial Salt of foreign matter content to be suitable for.On the other hand, relating to the most economic use approach of salt supporter secondary use is to utilize sun power to evaporate brine, must relate to the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching plurality of impurities that bittern is brought into and evaporate brine, if salt ball technology of preparing can not be allowed the existence of the yin, yang ions such as bittern middle and high concentration magnesium ion, sulfate ion, evaporate brine and must be subject to dropping sharply of the key element such as economy and efficiency with the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, salt ball laboratory technology of preparing is inevitable extremely departs from industrial manufacturing technology, and follows the track of an overturned cart of prior art defect.

Table 1 is GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying.

The concrete regulation of table 1GB/T5462-2003 GB to Industrial Salt chemical index

Certainly: stand in economy visual angle, analytical pure NaCl is higher than the price of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt than chemical pure NaCl costliness, one-level Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt.Stand in technical visual angle: manufacture salt playing skill art with chemical pure NaCl and not necessarily can meet by secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt manufacture salt playing skill art.Even if select cheap secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt to produce salt ball or salt ball, can create for the first time, and do not mean that salt also can be produced salt ball or salt ball comes with reclaiming for the second time, obviously, for reclaiming in the use procedure of salt secondary, the aluminium element of bringing into after its contact porous aluminum, evaporate brine in process " order halogen " or saltern in other element and the particulate matter etc. of sneaking into, use salt as raw material take this secondary, carry out secondary and make salt ball, its with make for the first time salt ball process variations, occur can not adopting for the second time and make for the first time salt ball technique and obtain new salt ball.

In a word, including prior art Patent Office of the People's Republic of China's on August 10th, 2011 disclosed CN102146532A patent of invention, all clearly do not provide the concrete raw material choose method of NaCl, do not relate to based on salt recycling economy recycling yet and utilize environmentally friendly problem in process and the relevant programme that designs.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of porous aluminum pore-creating salt ball.Especially provide a kind of: be shaping-orientation based on salt recycling economy and environmental friendliness, take high impurity content salt as manufacturing salt ball raw material, be satisfied with the porous aluminum pore-creating salt ball preparation method of porous aluminum pore-creating as target take recycling of salt.To solve " beaker technology " substantial deviation salt recycling economy and the environmental friendliness industry manufacturing technology problem among prior art.

The preparation method who the invention provides a kind of porous aluminum pore-creating salt ball, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:

The first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select:

The first is prepared salt ball analog salt: select the salt particle of the secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying of saltern, Laizhou City of Shandong Province of China province production, prepare porous aluminum salt ball supporter materials first using this kind of salt particle as seepage flow;

The second is prepared salt ball analog salt: get 96 grams of the particles that the first prepares salt ball analog salt, doping wherein: the aluminum chloride of 0.9 gram, the Sodium Bromide of 0.1 gram, the calcium chloride of 0.5 gram, the magnesium sulfate of 1.5 grams, the saleratus of 1 gram, the mixture after being adulterated; In the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying, adulterate respectively aluminum chloride, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch accounts for respectively 0.9wt.%, 0.1wt.%, 0.5wt.%, 1.5wt.% and the 1wt.% of gross weight after doping; Mixture adding distil water after doping is dissolved, its amount of water adds the ratio of the weight ratio of 15 grams of distilled water according to 1 gram of this mixture, after dissolving completely, liquid pouring is entered in iron pan, concentrated with gas fire heating, being concentrated into iron pan top does not have steam to present, take out in pot mixing salt for subsequent use, from this mixing salt of taking out in pot chemical composition formed the second and prepared salt ball analog salt;

The third prepares salt ball analog salt: get 92 grams of the particles that the first prepares salt ball analog salt, doping wherein: the aluminum chloride of 1.8 grams, the Sodium Bromide of 0.2 gram, the calcium chloride of 1 gram, the magnesium sulfate of 3 grams, the saleratus of 2 grams, the mixture after being adulterated; Meet in the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt of GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying in the first, according to the aluminum chloride that adulterates respectively, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch accounts for respectively 1.8wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 1wt.%, 3wt.% and the 2wt.% of the rear gross weight of doping; Mixture after doping is concentrated and take out step, method and the process for preparation of mixed salt according to being dissolved in water, in pot, and to prepare the doping process for preparation of salt ball analog salt corresponding identical with method with the second completely for it;

Second step: salt ball analog salt is dried:

Three kinds of analog salts for the preparation of salt ball are put in Stainless Steel Disc, bed thickness unification is controlled at 20mm, be put in baking oven and dry, bake out temperature is controlled at scope between 120 ℃ to 137 ℃, and the temperature schedule of more specifically drying is: the corresponding bake out temperature system of above-mentioned the first analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 120 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; The like, the corresponding bake out temperature system of the second analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 128 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; The corresponding bake out temperature system of the third analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 137 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; From baking oven, take out analog salt at room temperature cooling, while being cooled to room temperature, pack plastic bag sealing into and save backup;

The 3rd step: abrasive dust and packing salt powder:

Three kinds of analog salts that second step was dried, put into respectively ball mill and carry out abrasive dust, again 100 order Tyler standard sieves and 200 order Tyler standard sieve laminations are placed, and 100 mesh sieves are placed on the top of 200 mesh sieves, by the salt powder grinding in ball mill, pour in the upper sieve of the lamination sieve being configured to by 100 order Tyler standard sieves and 200 order Tyler standard sieves, shaking this lamination sieves, obtain meal, three kinds of powder of meal and fine powder, wherein meal is and to be deposited in the salt powder within 100 order Tyler standard sieves by 100 order Tyler standard sieves, it is again poured in ball mill and continues to grind, meal is: can pass through 100 order Tyler standard sieves, and can not and be deposited in the salt powder within 200 order Tyler standard sieves by 200 order Tyler standard sieves, be that lamination sieves middle layer and is deposited in the salt powder within this 200 mesh sieve, packed in plastics bag, as the raw material for standby of follow-up manufacture salt core, fine powder is by the salt powder of 200 order Tyler standard sieves, is also packed in plastics bag, as the raw material for standby of follow-up manufacture salt ball shell, obviously, the size-grade distribution of " meal " is between 100 orders and 200 orders, and " fine powder " particle diameter overall dimension is not more than 200 orders, and contain can be smoothly by the powdery subparticle of the thinner all salt of ratio 200 orders of 200 order Tyler standard sieves simultaneously,

The 4th step: the moulding as the raw material ball of salt ball core:

The 3rd step is obtained to " meal " and be put in dustpan, shake dustpan while spray water in dustpan, " meal " starts to be scrolled salify ball, when accumulating the salt ball at 2mm ± 1mm in the sphere diameter on salt powder top layer, covers salt powder top layer, stops the moulding of rolling, this sphere diameter is " raw material ball of salt ball core " prepared by wish at the salt ball of 2mm ± 1mm, enter next step " meal " and " raw material ball of salt ball core " mixture separating step first, being operating as of this step: 7 order Tyler standard sieves and 18 order Tyler standard sieve laminations are placed, and 7 mesh sieves are placed on the top of 18 mesh sieves, to should " raw material ball of salt ball core " sieving with the mixture of meal in dustpan, this mixture is poured in 7 mesh sieves of upper strata and is shaken this lamination sieve, get the middle salt ball of two sieves, as the material of preparing salt ball required " core raw material ball ", and packed in plastics bag for subsequent use, and 7 mesh sieve inner salt balls and smooth salt ball and the salt powder of 18 order Tyler standard sieves of passing through, relay and get back in dustpan, carry out secondary " raw material ball of salt ball core " forming operation, obviously, obtain this " core raw material ball " salt ball size-grade distribution between 7 orders and 18 orders, and the size of mesh of 7 order Tyler standard sieves and 18 order Tyler standard sieves corresponding 2.8mm and 1mm respectively,

The 5th step: salt ball forming and volume sorting:

" fine powder " that the 3rd step is obtained is put in dustpan, " raw material ball of salt ball core " between 7 orders and 18 orders that the 4th step obtained is also put in dustpan simultaneously, shake dustpan while spray water in dustpan, " raw material ball of salt ball core " forms crude salt ball, bead take " raw material ball of salt ball core " as core, as " snowball ", roll larger and larger, when the sphere diameter accumulating in the crude salt ball on fine powder top layer covers salt powder top layer at the salt ball of 4mm ± 1mm, stop the moulding of rolling, enter next step salt ball size selection steps, be about to 4 orders, together with 5 orders are placed into 6 order Tyler standard sieve laminations, this placement order is: " 4 mesh sieve " places the top, below " 6 mesh sieve " placement, and " 5 mesh sieve " puts the centre of 4 orders and 6 mesh sieves, with this " lamination sieve " the mixture screening with " powder " to " ball " in dustpan, first this mixture in dustpan is poured in 4 mesh sieves of upper strata, and shake this lamination and sieve, when visual orlop " 6 mesh sieve " empty spills, stop screening, salt ball within " 5 mesh sieve " and " 6 mesh sieve " is taken out respectively, be respectively charged into plastics bag interior for subsequent use, and all the other salt balls and salt powder pack in the plastics bag that indicates " recovery " printed words in the lump into, wherein " 5 mesh sieve " inner salt sphere volume is larger, be loaded in the plastics bag that indicates " crude salt ball ", and " 6 mesh sieve " inner salt ball is loaded in the plastics bag that indicates " little salt ball ", obviously,, for the insider who knows Tyler standard sieve, know size of mesh corresponding 4.75mm, 4.00mm and the 3.35mm respectively of 4 orders, 5 orders and 6 order Tyler standard sieves, thereby, this is loaded into the plastics bag inner salt ball that indicates " crude salt ball ", size-grade distribution is between 4 orders and 5 orders, its sphere diameter size range is being less than 4.75mm and is being greater than between 4.00mm, and this is loaded into the plastics bag inner salt ball that indicates " little salt ball ", size-grade distribution is between 5 orders and 6 orders, and its sphere diameter size range is being less than 4.00mm and is being greater than between 3.35mm,

The 6th step: the oven dry of salt ball and the thermofixation of salt ball become salt ball:

" crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " that the 5th step is obtained is put into respectively in Stainless Steel Disc, and bed thickness unification is controlled at 200mm, is put in baking oven and dries, and the temperature schedule of oven dry is: the discharging in 1 hour of 150 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; This,, by " the crude salt ball " of discharging and " little salt ball ", is directly introduced in porcelain crucible, and " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " bed thickness unification in porcelain crucible is controlled at 150mm; Again the porcelain crucible of putting into " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " is transferred to vertical high-temperature resistance furnace, high temperature resistance furnace is heated up, heat-up rate unification is controlled at: from room temperature be elevated to 650 ℃ or 710 ℃ consuming time 3 hours; Then proceed to the constant temperature stage, the temperature schedule in this constant temperature stage is: 650 ℃, 680 or 710 ℃ are incubated 1 hour; Wherein for the thermostat temperature system of " 710 ℃ insulation 1 hour ", " the crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " that be raw material manufacturing its " the first is prepared salt ball analog salt " that can only be limited in the present invention's " the first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select "; In other words, the thermostat temperature system of " 710 ℃ are incubated 1 hour ", it can only be used for: " the crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " constructing as raw material to meet the secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt of GB/T5462-2003 standard; In like manner, for the thermostat temperature system of " 650 ℃ are incubated 1 hour ", it can only be used for the present invention's " the first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select " " the third prepares salt ball analog salt " for " the crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " of raw material manufacturing; And be " the crude salt ball " of raw material manufacturing and the thermostat temperature system of " little salt ball " for the present invention's " the first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select " " the second is prepared salt ball analog salt ", be limited in " 680 ℃ are incubated 1 hour "; The constant temperature stage reaches 1 hour, close this electric stove switch, enter the naturally cooling stage, when temperature cool to room temperature in electric furnace, " crude salt ball " in stove and " little salt ball " come out of the stove, this moment, " the crude salt ball " in stove and " little salt ball ", through hot setting, have changed into " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " truly; Should " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " be divided in plastics bag, seal for subsequent use;

The 7th step: salt ball gravity impacts sorting and salt ball stores:

Packed " the crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " that the 6th step is obtained, raise placement, specifically be placed on apart from the top at 1.5 meters of of ground Stainless Steel Disc, topple over this " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball ", in this Stainless Steel Disc, rely on salt ball self gravitation, Stainless Steel Disc is produced to surging force, this surging force reacts on salt ball, make salt ball surface picking, partial crushing or all broken that intensity is relatively little, and can resist the salt ball of this surging force, and not broken, with this principle, salt ball gravity is impacted to sorting; Fragmentation or whole broken salt ball are removed in screening, obtain not broken salt ball, complete salt ball gravity and impact sorting whole process; Wherein method for sieving is: " crude salt ball " selects 5 order Tyler standard sieves, " little salt ball " selects 6 order Tyler standard sieves to sieve, respectively the salt ball in sieve is packed in plastics bag, seal for subsequent use, completed " salt ball gravity impacts sorting and salt ball stores " step, so far, porous aluminum pore-creating of the present invention is prepared whole process with salt ball and is finished.

The 8th step: the sign of salt ball dry linting rate

The sign of dry linting rate: get " the crude salt ball " or " little salt ball " 1 kilogram in the 7th step, be put into respectively in 5 orders or 6 order Tyler standard sieves, vibration standard sieve 2 minutes in the horizontal direction, salt ball surface phase mutual friction and produce dry linting, regulation: reducing ratio through the horizontal direction vibration standard sieve salt ball weight of 2 minutes is dry linting rate, and its calculation formula is: dry linting rate=[1 kilogram-vibration supersalt ball weight]/1 kilogram.And represent with percentage.

The dry linting rate index of salt ball, it is one of index characterizing salt ball quality good or not, when salt ball as porous aluminum seepage flow supporter process in, it puts into mould or sandwich beam shell, wherein salt ball jolt ramming step can cause the surface friction of salt ball, this friction causes dry linting, hinders aluminium alloy liquid flowing in salt ball gap, cause casting flaw even plugging fluid stream move ahead.

The 9th step: salt ball is the sign in the use of preparation porous aluminum and porous aluminum density and compressive strength as supporter:

" crude salt ball " or " little salt ball " that the 7th step is obtained puts into respectively metal die, again the metal die that salt ball is housed is placed on to temperature and is in the resistance furnace of 450 ℃ insulation at least 2 hours, in the time of Seepage Foundry, in time the metal die that salt ball is housed is pulled out while hot in the resistance furnace of heating.

The aluminium ingot that is A00 by the industrial trade mark and No. 1 industrial magnesium ingot cut into respectively aluminium block and MAG block, cerium-rich rare earth-aluminium mother alloy is also sawn into fragment simultaneously, the chemical composition of cerium-rich rare earth-aluminium mother alloy is: containing metal cerium 18wt.%, lanthanoid metal 12wt.%, metallic aluminium 70wt.%, three's summation forms 100wt.%; Obvious, this cerium-rich rare earth-aluminium mother alloy middle-weight rare earths (lanthanum and cerium) content is 30wt.%.

Preparing according to weight percent the magnesium that contains rare earth is corrosion-resisting aluminium, and this magnesium that contains rare earth is that corrosion-resisting aluminium formula one is: this cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 0.4wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 99.4wt.%; Three's summation forms 100wt.%; And formula two and three adjustment modes are increase Mg content, content of rare earth is constant, and formula two is: cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 0.8wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 99wt.%; Formula three is: cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 1.2wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 98.6wt.%.

With vacuum pump, gas in vacuum tank is discharged, make vacuum tightness in vacuum tank reach 0.5X10-2Pa for subsequent use

In 780 ℃ of vertical high-temperature resistance furnaces that reached to temperature, put into iron crucible, it is the proportioning of corrosion-resisting aluminium formula one, formula two or formula three according to this magnesium that contains rare earth, in iron crucible, put into successively metallic aluminium fragment, MAGNESIUM METAL fragment and cerium-rich rare earth-aluminium mother alloy fragment, treat that in iron crucible, Metal and Alloy fragment is all fused into liquid, stir 10 seconds by the stirring rod of tungsten material, from mover iron crucible in vertical high-temperature resistance furnace, simultaneously by the metal die that salt ball is housed while hot from the pipe connecting being connected with vacuum tank that pulls out and peg graft in the resistance furnace of heating; And then iron crucible inner metal liquid body is poured in the metal die that salt ball is housed, operated pneumatic valve between opening metal mould and vacuum tank is inhaled casting simultaneously, when liquid metal arrives the suction hole of mould and stopped up suction hole, illustrate that metal liquid is full of mold cavity, stop toppling over metal in mould, remaining metal in iron crucible is poured in the cold mould of another one, uses for secondary; The metal die that salt ball is equipped with in wait is cooled to room temperature, from mould, take out Seepage Foundry thing, again this Seepage Foundry thing is put under water tap and rinsed, by clean by water dissolution the salt ball in this Seepage Foundry thing, remaining porous Al alloy dries the sign for density and compression performance.

Different sites at this porous Al alloy drying carries out representative sampling, and sampling method is: the rectangular parallelepiped that cuts out 10mm × 10mm × 20mm with wire cutting machine at the representative position of porous Al alloy; Get 6 these rectangular parallelepipeds, be put into the scales/electronic balance weighing that sensitivity is 0.001mg, remeasuring the high size of length and width of this rectangular parallelepiped with slide calliper rule, and converse volume, the gravimetric value obtaining according to this volume and balance, in conjunction with density definition and formula, obtains the density parameter of porous alloy; 6 these rectangular parallelepipeds obtain 6 density values, these 6 density values done sums on average, and the density value that the mean value definition obtaining is this porous alloy.

Similar approach, get again 6 these porous Al alloy rectangular parallelepipeds that are of a size of 10mm × 10mm × 20mm for compression experiment sample, each sample is put on omnipotent mechanical test machine and carries out compression experiment, obtain the compression curve with stress-strain description form, the curve platform intermediate value of getting the recoverable deformation stage on this compression curve is this porous Al alloy recoverable deformation stress value, equally, 6 these rectangular parallelepipeds obtain 6 recoverable deformation stress values and do sums on average, and this mean value is defined as the recoverable deformation stress value of this porous Al alloy.

The hole wall intensity difference causing due to aluminium alloying constituent, and other key element, such as hole shape etc. causes hole wall support strength difference, make strain-stress curve difference or can not overlap completely, but, every strain-stress curve general character part is: 5% to 55% strain region, can guarantee that this serial porous Al alloy drops in the region of recoverable deformation completely, regulation accordingly: for any stress-strain curve, corresponding stress value is this porous Al alloy recoverable deformation stress value in the time that strain is 30%.The recoverable deformation stress value of the porous Al alloy in the present invention in index, corresponding stress value while all referring to that strain is 30%, this is mainly to provide convenience for comparison and narration.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, can to use the standard secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that GB is GB/T5462-2003 be that raw material is manufactured salt ball in the present invention, and the cost of initial feed is low; Can evaporate brine bittern composition and obtain equally the salt ball that seepage flow can be used in industry such as this secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt doping aluminum chloride, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, not only the reciprocal use of raw material has reduced cost again, and create salt recycling economy, avoid washing salt environmental pollution by water, reduce and pollute.

2, manufacture as advanced, each workshop section of whole technical process of the present invention is all linked with one another, seamless connection, and this is one of item key of advanced technologies.Salt ball is manufactured the supporter of porous Al alloy as seepage flow, it is essentially porous Al alloy and manufactures presoma or intermediate, it is a link during porous Al alloy is manufactured, the advance of salt ball and practicality, a sizable part is embodied in seepage flow and manufactures in porous Al alloy overall process, whether next step workshop section after the moulding of salt ball---it is as the workshop section of the synthesizing porous aluminium of supporter, can matched well and match quality products.In other words, the advance of salt ball and practicality, " right to speak " of its " user "---porous Al alloy has authority, obviously, certain salt ball is that the porous Al alloy performance that manufactures of supporter is not good, the advance of salt ball and practicality are not only discount problem, even may change into meaningless.Accompanying drawing 4 of the present invention discloses: salt ball and porous Al alloy two workshop sections realize seamless connection, even all good with the matching of the porous Al alloy composition containing rare earth, is porous Al alloy deep processing again, and such as filling paracril etc. all established good basis.Meanwhile, accompanying drawing 5 of the present invention also discloses, and the porous Al alloy producing as supporter take salt ball of the present invention, obtains good soundproof effect as sourdine material." user speaks " and " fact is spoken " supported advance and the practicality of salt ball design of the present invention and manufacturing process.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that salt ball supporter analog salt of the present invention is selected workshop section's gordian technique representative schematic diagram.Salt grain in figure, for meeting the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt of GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying; This salt grain is also through 120 ℃ of constant temperature dryings 3 hours, packs the salt grain that plastic bag sealing saves backup while being cooled to room temperature into; This plastic bag sealing saves as the preserving type plastics bag not being vacuumized, and also can adopt the preserving type that plastics bag is vacuumized, and the former is applicable to install in the little or workshop of atmospheric moisture the workshop of dehumidifier, and the latter is applicable to the workshop of workshop air high humidity.The salt secondary of drying absorbs water, and can have a strong impact on effect of next step ball milling powder process.This salt of drying of preserving with plastic bag sealing, for produce salt ball and porous aluminum in such as salt field high humidity environment, provides raw material conveniently moving and the reusable inexpensive method of plastics bag between workshop section.

Fig. 2 is the oven dry workshop section edding technique representative schematic diagram of salt ball of the present invention.Salt grain ball in figure, for through 150 ℃ of constant temperature dryings 1 hour by " the crude salt ball " of discharging and " little salt ball " mixture; This plastic bag sealing saves as the preserving type that plastics bag is vacuumized, and the strict salt ball secondary of drying of controlling absorbs water, and can improve security and the quality product of production; Due to the water suction of salt ball secondary, follow-up high temperature aluminum liquid seepage flow workshop section's water and hot metal aluminium produce hydrogen, this hydrogen accumulation causes workshop to have the hidden dangers such as blast, and hydrogen enters porous aluminum skeleton in addition, and " hydrogen embrittlement " of generation lowers the quality product of porous Al alloy.So the plastic bag sealing preserving type of this workshop section, more precisely, for the preserving type of " plastics bag is vacuumized ", provides assurance for keeping the safety in production.

Fig. 3 is put into the calcination test-results figure of 1 hour in 800 ℃ of electric furnaces after salt ball of the present invention thermofixation becomes salt ball again.This salt ball obtains raw material and is configured to: in the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying, according to the aluminum chloride that adulterates respectively, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch accounts for respectively the ratio doping of 1.8wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 1wt.%, 3wt.% and the 2wt.% of the rear gross weight of doping.As seen from the figure, in crucible, the fusing of salt ball is over half.Sodium-chlor fusing point is 801 ℃, increases melting point depression after other salt, so, the present invention includes seepage flow temperature in interior thermofixation and bake out temperature the temperature in interior temperature schedule used all lower than 780 ℃, to avoid the generation of this fusing.

Fig. 4 is for the present invention is directed to energy-absorbing and vibration damping synthesized porous Al alloy block, with a chainsaw from centre cutting, the cross-sectional view after cutting.From figure (2): communicating aperture aperture is for exceeding 2.5mm, this establishes " permeability " basis for next step filling rubber or intelligent gel in porous aluminum, especially to avoiding high viscosity liquid rubber or intelligent gel imperfect the laying a good foundation of the too small filling in aperture because of communicating aperture.From figure (1), in this porous aluminum, can find the spherical pore of aperture 7mm, in so big hole, can fill a fairly large number of rubber or intelligent gel, for using flexibly the rubber elastomer of pore volume envelope high damping of alloy solid, carry out balance optimizing porous alloy solid shared volume fraction relative to elastomerics and lay the foundation.

This Fig. 4 synthesized porous Al alloy block alloy formula used is: according to weight percent metering, containing cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 0.4wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 99.4wt.%; Three's summation forms 100wt.%.In this formula, adding one of reason of rare earth is: when adopting the method for in-situ polymerization, to this porous Al alloy block fill liquid paracril monomer and initiator etc., then heat up in polymerization process, its middle-weight rare earths has been taken the function of interface different-phase catalyst, lays a good foundation completely with polymerization for guaranteeing that polymerization is successful.

The formula of this Fig. 4 synthesized porous Al alloy block supporter salt used ball is: 7 kilograms, plastics bag inner salt ball selecting " the crude salt ball " of size-grade distribution between 4 orders and 5 orders, add wherein in addition sphere diameter to be of a size of 3 kilograms, the salt ball of 7mm, be configured to: " crude salt ball " between 4 orders and 5 orders accounts for 70wt%; The salt ball of additional 7mm sphere diameter accounts for the mixing salt ball of 30wt%; Change synthesizing porous aluminium alloy block supporter salt used ball into this salt ball.And the formula of two kinds of salt ball used salts is identical, and be: in the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying, according to the aluminum chloride that adulterates respectively, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch accounts for respectively the method doping of 1.8wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 1wt.%, 3wt.% and the 2wt.% of the rear gross weight of doping.Apparent thus, although salt ball is sieved into different grain size intervals and preserves separately with the taylor criteria of different meshes, but in the time of final use, completely can be according to using target, salt balls different size or salt ball are reconfigured to use, to meet the requirement to porous alloy cell size otherness such as energy-absorbing, vibration damping or noise reduction.

Fig. 5 carries out the compression curve of compression experiment obtain with stress-strain description form for the porous Al alloy in the embodiment of the present invention 3 on omnipotent mechanical test machine.Curve in figure (1) is for adopting " crude salt ball " compression curve for the porous Al alloy of supporter acquisition; Curve in figure (2) is for adopting " little salt ball " compression curve for the porous Al alloy of supporter acquisition.From curve: the recoverable deformation region of two strain-stress curves is dropped in the strain region that is no more than 5% to 55%; Industry peer is known: the integral area under this compression curve has represented the energy absorption capability of these porous metal.Although these two curves do not overlap, but in the scope of strain 60%, the energy-absorbing numerical value of two kinds of porous Al alloys approaches.

Fig. 6 is that exemplary salt ball is that supporter is manufactured the spectrogram of porous aluminum for sourdine member.In figure, curve 1 is that the expansion examination sourdine of 4.3 liters is by the spectrogram of relation between compressed-air actuated sound pressure level and frequency; In figure, curve 2 is the spectrogram after filling 2/3 volume porous Al alloy in this 4.3 liter expands examination sourdine, and this porous Al alloy is that in the large table 4 of the employing embodiment of the present invention 3, density is the multipair porous Al alloy of answering of 9.13g/cm3 and recoverable deformation stress value 8.6MPa; The supporter that this porous Al alloy uses is " little salt ball " in the embodiment of the present invention 3.

Curve 1 and curve 2 from Fig. 6 contrast: curve 1 in most frequency ranges all above curve 2, in the sound pressure level of most frequency ranges all than curve 2 height, illustrate that this porous aluminum has increased noise reduction for this expansion examination sourdine.Especially it is worthy of note: in figure, two of left and right of transverse axis 3000Hz curve difference is apart from obvious, and concerning the mankind, noise reduction is remarkable.Because the insider of field of acoustics is known, the sound that people's ear can be heard is " A sound level ", i.e. common " dB(A) "; And the acoustic pressure of " A sound level " is larger in 3000Hz left and right weight.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

The first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select:

Select the salt particle of the secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying of saltern, Laizhou City of Shandong Province of China province production, prepare porous aluminum salt ball supporter materials first using this kind of salt particle as seepage flow; It also prepares salt ball analog salt for the first of the present invention:

Second step: salt ball analog salt is dried:

The analog salt of preparing salt ball is put in Stainless Steel Disc, and bed thickness is controlled at 20mm, is put in baking oven and dries, and the temperature schedule of oven dry is: the discharging in 3 hours of 120 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; From baking oven, take out analog salt at room temperature cooling, while being cooled to room temperature, pack plastic bag sealing into and save backup;

The 3rd step: abrasive dust and packing salt powder:

The analog salt that second step was dried, the ball grinder of putting on ball mill carries out abrasive dust, and the ball grinder on ball mill is cylindrical, this tank internal diameter 100mm, height 120mm; Put into 400 grams of salt at this tank at every turn, then put into 80 of soft steel steel balls, 35 of the large steel balls that wherein spherical diameter is 16mm, 45 of the little steel balls that spherical diameter is 12mm; Start ball mill ball milling, ball milling is shut down discharging for 1 hour.Again 100 order Tyler standard sieves and 200 order Tyler standard sieve laminations are placed, and 100 mesh sieves are placed on the top of 200 mesh sieves, the salt powder grinding in ball mill, pour in the upper sieve of the lamination sieve being configured to by 100 order Tyler standard sieves and 200 order Tyler standard sieves, shaking this lamination sieves, obtain meal, meal and three kinds of powder of fine powder, wherein meal is and to be deposited in the salt powder within 100 order Tyler standard sieves by 100 order Tyler standard sieves, and it is again poured in ball mill and continues to grind; Meal is: can pass through 100 order Tyler standard sieves, and can not and be deposited in the salt powder within 200 order Tyler standard sieves by 200 order Tyler standard sieves, be that lamination sieves middle layer and is deposited in the salt powder within this 200 mesh sieve, packed in plastics bag, as the raw material for standby of follow-up manufacture salt core; Fine powder is by the salt powder of 200 order Tyler standard sieves, is also packed in plastics bag, as the raw material for standby of follow-up manufacture salt ball shell; Obviously, the size-grade distribution of " meal " is between 100 orders and 200 orders, and " fine powder " particle diameter overall dimension is not more than 200 orders, and contain can be smoothly by the powdery subparticle of the thinner all salt of ratio 200 orders of 200 order Tyler standard sieves simultaneously;

The 4th step: the moulding as the raw material ball of salt ball core:

The 3rd step is obtained to " meal " to be put in dustpan, shake dustpan while spray water in dustpan, " meal " starts to be scrolled salify ball, through range estimation or repeatedly find with kind of calliper: accumulate the salt ball at 2mm ± 1mm in the sphere diameter on salt powder top layer, cover salt powder top layer, stop the moulding of rolling, this sphere diameter is " raw material ball of salt ball core " prepared by wish at the salt ball of 2mm ± 1mm, enter next step " meal " and " raw material ball of salt ball core " mixture separating step first, being operating as of this step: 7 order Tyler standard sieves and 18 order Tyler standard sieve laminations are placed, and 7 mesh sieves are placed on the top of 18 mesh sieves, to should " core raw material ball " sieving with the mixture of meal in dustpan, this mixture is poured in 7 mesh sieves of upper strata and is shaken this lamination sieve, get the middle salt ball of two sieves, as preparing required " core raw material ball " material of salt ball, and packed in plastics bag for subsequent use, and 7 mesh sieve inner salt balls and smooth salt ball and the salt powder of 18 order Tyler standard sieves of passing through, relay and get back in dustpan, carry out secondary " raw material ball of salt ball core " forming operation, obviously, obtain this " core raw material ball " salt ball size-grade distribution between 7 orders and 18 orders, and the size of mesh of 7 order Tyler standard sieves and 18 order Tyler standard sieves corresponding 2.8mm and 1mm respectively,

The 5th step: salt ball forming and volume sorting:

The 3rd step is obtained to " fine powder " to be put in dustpan, " raw material ball of salt ball core " between 7 orders and 18 orders that the 4th step obtained is also put in dustpan simultaneously, shake dustpan while spray water in dustpan, bead take " raw material ball of salt ball core " as core, as " snowball ", roll larger and larger, slide calliper rule repeated measurement or range estimation, discovery accumulates in the sphere diameter of the crude salt ball on fine powder top layer and covers salt powder top layer at the salt ball of 4mm ± 1mm, stop the moulding of rolling, enter next step salt ball size selection steps, be about to 4 orders, together with 5 orders are placed into 6 order Tyler standard sieve laminations, this placement order is: " 4 mesh sieve " places the top, below " 6 mesh sieve " placement, and " 5 mesh sieve " puts the centre of 4 orders and 6 mesh sieves, with this " lamination sieve " the mixture screening with " powder " to " ball " in dustpan, first this mixture in dustpan is poured in 4 mesh sieves of upper strata, and shake this lamination and sieve, when visual orlop " 6 mesh sieve " empty spills, stop screening, salt ball within " 5 mesh sieve " and " 6 mesh sieve " is taken out respectively, be respectively charged into plastics bag interior for subsequent use, and all the other salt balls and salt powder pack in the plastics bag that indicates " recovery " printed words in the lump into, wherein " 5 mesh sieve " inner salt sphere volume is larger, be loaded in the plastics bag that indicates " crude salt ball ", and " 6 mesh sieve " inner salt ball is loaded in the plastics bag that indicates " little salt ball ", obviously,, for the insider who knows Tyler standard sieve, know size of mesh corresponding 4.75mm, 4.00mm and the 3.35mm respectively of 4 orders, 5 orders and 6 order Tyler standard sieves, thereby, this is loaded into the plastics bag inner salt ball that indicates " crude salt ball ", size-grade distribution is between 4 orders and 5 orders, its sphere diameter size range is being less than 4.75mm and is being greater than between 4.00mm, and this is loaded into the plastics bag inner salt ball that indicates " little salt ball ", size-grade distribution is between 5 orders and 6 orders, and its sphere diameter size range is being less than 4.00mm and is being greater than between 3.35mm,

" crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " that the 5th step is obtained is put into respectively in Stainless Steel Disc, and bed thickness unification is controlled at 200mm, is put in baking oven and dries, and the temperature schedule of oven dry is: the discharging in 1 hour of 150 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; This,, by " the crude salt ball " of discharging and " little salt ball ", is directly introduced in porcelain crucible, and " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " bed thickness unification in porcelain crucible is controlled at 150mm; Again the porcelain crucible of putting into " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " is transferred to vertical high-temperature resistance furnace, high temperature resistance furnace is heated up, heat-up rate control is: consuming time 3 hours from 710 ℃ of room temperature risings; Then proceed to the constant temperature stage, the temperature schedule in this constant temperature stage is: 710 ℃ are incubated 1 hour; Close this electric stove switch, enter the naturally cooling stage, when temperature cool to room temperature in electric furnace, " crude salt ball " in stove and " little salt ball " come out of the stove, this moment, " crude salt ball " in stove and " little salt ball ", through hot setting, have changed into " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " truly; Should " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " be divided in plastics bag, seal for subsequent use; Obviously, " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " through pyroprocess, has cured " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball ", is analogous to " the rice is cooked ", and this pyroprocess generation physical change simultaneously, is accompanied by certain chemical transformation unavoidably.Because the secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of selecting saltern, Laizhou City of Shandong Province of China province to produce does not propose through bromine, after high temperature, it is light red that the color reaction of bromine makes the color transition of salt ball.

The 7th step: salt ball gravity impacts sorting and salt ball stores:

The 8th step: the sign of salt ball dry linting rate

Be somebody's turn to do the concrete numerical value of dry linting rate of " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " in table 2.

Preparing according to weight percent the magnesium that contains rare earth is corrosion-resisting aluminium, and this magnesium that contains rare earth is that corrosion-resisting aluminium formula one is: this cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 0.4wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 99.4wt.%; Three's summation forms 100wt.%

In 780 ℃ of vertical high-temperature resistance furnaces that reached to temperature, put into iron crucible, be the corrosion-resisting aluminium proportioning of filling a prescription according to this magnesium that contains rare earth, in iron crucible, put into successively metallic aluminium fragment, MAGNESIUM METAL fragment and cerium-rich rare earth-aluminium mother alloy fragment, treat that in iron crucible, Metal and Alloy fragment is all fused into liquid, stir 10 seconds by the stirring rod of tungsten material, from mover iron crucible in vertical high-temperature resistance furnace, simultaneously by the metal die that salt ball is housed while hot from the pipe connecting being connected with vacuum tank that pulls out and peg graft in the resistance furnace of heating; And then iron crucible inner metal liquid body is poured in the metal die that salt ball is housed, operated pneumatic valve between opening metal mould and vacuum tank is inhaled casting simultaneously, when liquid metal arrives the suction hole of mould and stopped up suction hole, illustrate that metal liquid is full of mold cavity, stop toppling over metal in mould, remaining metal in iron crucible is poured in the cold mould of another one, uses for secondary; The metal die that salt ball is equipped with in wait is cooled to room temperature, from mould, take out Seepage Foundry thing, again this Seepage Foundry thing is put under water tap and rinsed, by clean by water dissolution the salt ball in this Seepage Foundry thing, remaining porous Al alloy dries the sign for density and compression performance.

Dry to such an extent that the different sites of porous Al alloy carries out representative sampling at this, sampling method is: the rectangular parallelepiped that cuts out 10mm × 10mm × 20mm with wire cutting machine at the representative position of porous Al alloy; Get 6 these rectangular parallelepipeds, be put into the scales/electronic balance weighing that sensitivity is 0.001mg, remeasuring the high size of length and width of this rectangular parallelepiped with slide calliper rule, and converse volume, the gravimetric value obtaining according to this volume and balance, in conjunction with density definition and formula, obtains the density parameter of porous alloy; 6 these rectangular parallelepipeds obtain 6 density values, these 6 density values done sums on average, and the density value that the mean value definition obtaining is this porous Al alloy.

Should " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " be that the density value of porous Al alloy of supporter acquisition is in table 2.

The hole wall intensity difference causing due to aluminium alloying constituent, and other key element, such as hole shape etc. causes hole wall support strength difference, make strain-stress curve difference, but, every strain-stress curve general character part is: 5% to 55% strain region, can guarantee that this serial porous Al alloy drops in the region of recoverable deformation completely, regulation accordingly: for any stress-strain curve, corresponding stress value is this porous Al alloy recoverable deformation stress value in the time that strain is 30%.The recoverable deformation stress value of the porous Al alloy in the present invention in index, corresponding stress value while all referring to that strain is 30%, this is mainly to provide convenience for comparison and narration.

Should " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " be that the recoverable deformation stress value of porous Al alloy of supporter acquisition is in table 2.

Salt ball and corresponding porous Al alloy characterization result thereof in table 2 embodiment 1

Embodiment 2:

Step and working method be completely with embodiment 1, only different aspect salt ball condition and characterization result two, narrates respectively this difference as follows according to step:

The first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select:

Get 96 grams of particles preparing salt ball analog salt in embodiment 1, wherein doping: the aluminum chloride of 0.9 gram, the Sodium Bromide of 0.1 gram, the calcium chloride of 0.5 gram, the magnesium sulfate of 1.5 grams, the saleratus of 1 gram; In the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying, be adulterate respectively aluminum chloride, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus of the ratio of gross weight 4wt.% after doping according to doping total amount, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch account for respectively 0.9wt.%, 0.1wt.%, 0.5wt.%, 1.5wt.% and the 1wt.% of gross weight after doping; Mixture after doping adds tap water and dissolves, its amount of water adds the weight ratio ratio of 15 grams of distilled water according to 1 gram of this mixture, after dissolving completely, liquid pouring is entered in iron pan, concentrated with gas fire heating, being concentrated into iron pan top does not have steam to present, and takes out the interior mixing salt of pot for subsequent use.Obviously, this mixing salt taking out in pot chemical composition different from the chemical composition of salt embodiment 1, it has formed the second of the present invention and has prepared salt ball analog salt; This analog salt recycles in process for salt, for meeting that chemical composition change can obtain desirable salt ball and the simulation that adopts.

Second step: salt ball analog salt is dried:

From " second step " different being summed up as in embodiment 1: the first step is put in baking oven and is dried for the preparation of the analog salt of salt ball, bake out temperature system is: the discharging in 3 hours of 128 ℃ of constant temperature dryings, from baking oven, take out analog salt at room temperature cooling, while being cooled to room temperature, pack plastic bag sealing into and save backup;

The 3rd step: abrasive dust and packing salt powder:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 3rd step " in embodiment 1.

The 4th step: the moulding as the raw material ball of salt ball core:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 4th step " in embodiment 1.

The 5th step: salt ball forming and volume sorting:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 5th step " in embodiment 1.

From " the 6th step " different being summed up as in embodiment 1: from room temperature raise 680 ℃; Then proceed to the constant temperature stage, the temperature schedule in this constant temperature stage is: 680 ℃ are incubated 1 hour.

The 7th step: salt ball gravity impacts sorting and salt ball stores:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 7th step " in embodiment 1.

The 8th step: the sign of salt ball dry linting rate

Operation in this step, with " the 8th step " the unique difference in embodiment 1 is: " being somebody's turn to do the concrete numerical value of dry linting rate of " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " in table 3 ".

Operation in this step, has two with " the 9th step " difference in embodiment 1:

The formula adjustment of the corrosion-resisting aluminium containing rare earth of " the 9th step " in one: embodiment 1 is formula two, and this formula two is: cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 0.8wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 99wt.%;

Its two: should " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " be that the density value of porous Al alloy of supporter acquisition is in table 3.

Salt ball and corresponding porous Al alloy characterization result thereof in table 3 embodiment 2

Embodiment 3:

The first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select:

Be summed up as with " the first step " difference in embodiment 1: get 92 grams of the particles that the first in embodiment 1 prepares salt ball analog salt, doping wherein: the aluminum chloride of 1.8 grams, the Sodium Bromide of 0.2 gram, the calcium chloride of 1 gram, the magnesium sulfate of 3 grams, the saleratus of 2 grams; Meet in the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt of GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying in the first, be adulterate respectively aluminum chloride, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus of the ratio of gross weight 8wt.% after doping according to doping total amount, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch account for respectively 1.8wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 1wt.%, 3wt.% and the 2wt.% of gross weight after doping.

Second step: salt ball analog salt is dried:

Be summed up as with " second step " difference in embodiment 1: the corresponding bake out temperature system of analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 137 ℃ of constant temperature dryings.

The 3rd step: abrasive dust and packing salt powder:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 3rd step " in embodiment 1.

The 4th step: the moulding as the raw material ball of salt ball core:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 4th step " in embodiment 1.

The 5th step: salt ball forming and volume sorting:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 5th step " in embodiment 1.

From " the 6th step " different being summed up as in embodiment 1: from room temperature raise 650 ℃; Then proceed to the constant temperature stage, the temperature schedule in this constant temperature stage is: 650 ℃ are incubated 1 hour.

The 7th step: salt ball gravity impacts sorting and salt ball stores:

In this step, operation, identical with " the 7th step " in embodiment 1.

The 8th step: the sign of salt ball dry linting rate

Operation in this step, with " the 8th step " the unique difference in embodiment 1 is: " being somebody's turn to do the concrete numerical value of dry linting rate of " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " in table 4 ".

The formula adjustment of the corrosion-resisting aluminium containing rare earth of " the 9th step " in one: embodiment 1 is formula three, and this formula three is: cerium-rich rare earth metal content is 0.2wt.%, and MAGNESIUM METAL content is 1.2wt.%, and metallic aluminium content is 98.6wt.%;

Its two: should " crude salt ball " and " little salt ball " be that the density value of porous Al alloy of supporter acquisition is in table 4.

Salt ball and corresponding porous Al alloy characterization result thereof in table 4 embodiment 3

Claims

1. a preparation method for salt ball for porous aluminum pore-creating, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:

The first step: prepare salt ball supporter analog salt and select:

The first is prepared salt ball analog salt: select the salt particle of the secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying, prepare porous aluminum salt ball supporter materials first using this kind of salt particle as seepage flow;

The second is prepared salt ball analog salt: get 96 grams of the particles that the first prepares salt ball analog salt, doping wherein: the aluminum chloride of 0.9 gram, the Sodium Bromide of 0.1 gram, the calcium chloride of 0.5 gram, the magnesium sulfate of 1.5 grams, the saleratus of 1 gram, the mixture after being adulterated; In the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt that meets GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying, adulterate respectively aluminum chloride, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch accounts for respectively 0.9wt.%, 0.1wt.%, 0.5wt.%, 1.5wt.% and the 1wt.% of gross weight after doping; Mixture adding distil water after doping is dissolved, its amount of water adds the weight ratio ratio of 15 grams of distilled water according to 1 gram of this mixture, after dissolving completely, liquid pouring is entered in iron pan, concentrated with gas fire heating, being concentrated into iron pan top does not have steam to present, take out in pot mixing salt for subsequent use, from this mixing salt of taking out in pot chemical composition formed the second and prepared salt ball analog salt;

The third prepares salt ball analog salt: get 92 grams of the particles that the first prepares salt ball analog salt, doping wherein: the aluminum chloride of 1.8 grams, the Sodium Bromide of 0.2 gram, the calcium chloride of 1 gram, the magnesium sulfate of 3 grams, the saleratus of 2 grams, the mixture after being adulterated; Meet in the salt particle of secondary Exposure to Sunlight Industrial Salt of GB/T5462-2003 standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the Industrial Salt criteria for classifying in the first, adulterate respectively aluminum chloride, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and saleratus, and the doping of every kind of hotchpotch accounts for respectively 1.8wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 1wt.%, 3wt.% and the 2wt.% of gross weight after doping; Mixture adding distil water after doping is dissolved, its amount of water adds the weight ratio ratio of 15 grams of distilled water according to 1 gram of this mixture, after dissolving completely, liquid pouring is entered in iron pan, concentrated with gas fire heating, being concentrated into iron pan top does not have steam to present, take out in pot mixing salt for subsequent use, from this mixing salt of taking out in pot chemical composition formed the third and prepared salt ball analog salt;

Second step: salt ball analog salt is dried:

Three kinds of analog salts for the preparation of salt ball are put in Stainless Steel Disc, bed thickness unification is controlled at 20mm, be put in baking oven and dry, bake out temperature is controlled at scope between 120 ℃ to 137 ℃, and the temperature schedule of concrete oven dry is: the corresponding bake out temperature system of above-mentioned the first analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 120 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; The like, the corresponding bake out temperature system of the second analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 128 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; The corresponding bake out temperature system of the third analog salt is: the discharging in 3 hours of 137 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; From baking oven, take out analog salt at room temperature cooling, while being cooled to room temperature, pack plastic bag sealing into and save backup;

The 3rd step: abrasive dust and packing salt powder:

Three kinds of analog salts that second step was dried, put into respectively ball mill and carry out abrasive dust, again 100 order Tyler standard sieves and 200 order Tyler standard sieve laminations are placed, and 100 mesh sieves are placed on the top of 200 mesh sieves, by the salt powder grinding in ball mill, pour in the upper sieve of the lamination sieve being configured to by 100 order Tyler standard sieves and 200 order Tyler standard sieves, shaking this lamination sieves, obtain meal, three kinds of powder of meal and fine powder, wherein meal is and to be deposited in the salt powder within 100 order Tyler standard sieves by 100 order Tyler standard sieves, will meal again pour in ball mill and continue to grind, meal is: can pass through 100 order Tyler standard sieves, and can not and be deposited in the salt powder within 200 order Tyler standard sieves by 200 order Tyler standard sieves, be that lamination sieves middle layer and is deposited in the salt powder within this 200 mesh sieve, meal is packed in plastics bag, as the raw material for standby of follow-up manufacture salt core, fine powder is by the salt powder of 200 order Tyler standard sieves, fine powder is packed in plastics bag, as the raw material for standby of follow-up manufacture salt ball shell,

The 4th step: the moulding as the raw material ball of salt ball core:

The 3rd step is obtained to meal and be put in dustpan, shake dustpan while spray water in dustpan, meal is scrolled salify ball, when the sphere diameter of salt ball is 2mm ± 1mm, and while having covered salt powder top layer, stops the moulding of rolling, this sphere diameter is " raw material ball of salt ball core " prepared by wish at the salt ball of 2mm ± 1mm, meal is separated first with " raw material ball of salt ball core " mixture, the step of this separation is: 7 order Tyler standard sieves and 18 order Tyler standard sieve laminations are placed, and 7 mesh sieves are placed on the top of 18 mesh sieves, to should " raw material ball of salt ball core " sieving with the mixture of meal in dustpan, this mixture is poured in 7 mesh sieves of upper strata and is shaken this lamination sieve, get the middle salt ball of two sieves, as the material of preparing salt ball required " core raw material ball ", and packed in plastics bag for subsequent use, and 7 mesh sieve inner salt balls and smooth salt ball and the salt powder of 18 order Tyler standard sieves of passing through, relay and get back in dustpan, carry out secondary " raw material ball of salt ball core " forming operation,

The 5th step: salt ball forming and volume sorting:

The fine powder that the 3rd step is obtained is put in dustpan, " raw material ball of salt ball core " between 7 orders and 18 orders that the 4th step obtained is also put in dustpan simultaneously, shake dustpan while spray water in dustpan, " raw material ball of salt ball core " forms crude salt ball, when finding that the sphere diameter accumulating in the crude salt ball on fine powder top layer is 4mm ± 1mm, and when salt ball has covered salt powder top layer, stop the moulding of rolling, enter next step salt ball size selection steps, be about to 4 orders, together with 5 orders are placed into 6 order Tyler standard sieve laminations, this placement order is: 4 order Tyler standard sieves are placed to the top, below 6 order Tyler standard sieves placements, and the centre that 5 order Tyler standard sieves are put 4 orders and 6 mesh sieves, sieve crude salt ball in dustpan with this lamination, the mixture screening of little salt ball and fine powder, first the described mixture in dustpan is poured in the 4 order Tyler standard sieves of upper strata, and shake this lamination and sieve, when visual orlop 6 order Tyler standard sieve empty spill, stop screening, salt ball within 5 order Tyler standard sieves and 6 taylor criteria mesh sieves is taken out respectively, be respectively charged into plastics bag interior for subsequent use, and all the other salt balls and salt powder pack in the plastics bag that indicates " recovery " printed words in the lump into, wherein 5 order Tyler standard sieve inner salt sphere volumes are larger, be loaded in the plastics bag that indicates " crude salt ball ", and 6 order Tyler standard sieve inner salt balls are loaded in the plastics bag that indicates " little salt ball ",

Crude salt ball and little salt ball that the 5th step is obtained are put into respectively in Stainless Steel Disc, and bed thickness unification is controlled at 200mm, is put in baking oven and dries, and the temperature schedule of oven dry is: the discharging in 1 hour of 150 ℃ of constant temperature dryings; Crude salt ball and little salt ball after drying are directly poured in porcelain crucible, and crude salt ball and the bed thickness unification of little salt ball in porcelain crucible are controlled at 150mm; Again the porcelain crucible of putting into crude salt ball and little salt ball is transferred to vertical high-temperature resistance furnace, high temperature resistance furnace is heated up, heat-up rate unification is controlled at: from room temperature be elevated to 650 ℃, 680 ℃ or 710 ℃ consuming time 3 hours; Then proceed to the constant temperature stage, the temperature schedule in this constant temperature stage is: 650 ℃, 680 ℃ or 710 ℃ are incubated 1 hour; Close this electric stove switch, enter the naturally cooling stage, when temperature cool to room temperature in electric furnace, the crude salt ball in stove and little salt ball are come out of the stove, the crude salt ball in stove and little salt ball warp are crossed hot setting, form respectively crude salt ball and little salt ball; Above-mentioned crude salt ball and little salt ball are divided in plastics bag, seal for subsequent use;

The 7th step: salt ball gravity impacts sorting and salt ball stores:

Packed crude salt ball and little salt ball that the 6th step is obtained, raise placement, specifically be placed on apart from the top at 1.5 meters of of ground Stainless Steel Disc, topple over crude salt ball and little salt ball, in this Stainless Steel Disc, rely on salt ball self gravitation, Stainless Steel Disc is produced to surging force, and this surging force reacts on salt ball, makes salt ball surface picking, partial crushing or all broken that intensity is relatively little, the salt ball that can resist this surging force is not broken, with this principle, salt ball gravity is impacted to sorting; Fragmentation or whole broken salt ball are removed in screening, obtain not broken salt ball, complete salt ball gravity and impact sorting whole process; Wherein method for sieving is: crude salt ball is selected 5 order Tyler standard sieves, little salt ball selects 6 order Tyler standard sieves to sieve, respectively the salt ball in sieve is packed in plastics bag, seal for subsequent use, completed the step that salt ball gravity impacts sorting and the storage of salt ball, so far, described porous aluminum pore-creating is prepared whole process with salt ball and is finished.