CN103904146A - Silicon-based thin-film solar cell with metal groove structure on bottom - Google Patents

Silicon-based thin-film solar cell with metal groove structure on bottom Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103904146A
CN103904146A CN201410148419.1A CN201410148419A CN103904146A CN 103904146 A CN103904146 A CN 103904146A CN 201410148419 A CN201410148419 A CN 201410148419A CN 103904146 A CN103904146 A CN 103904146A
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groove
silicon
film solar
metal electrode
solar cells
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饶蕾
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Shanghai Dianji University
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Shanghai Dianji University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022433Particular geometry of the grid contacts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-based thin-film solar cell with a metal groove structure on the bottom. The silicon-based thin-film solar cell with the metal groove structure on the bottom comprises a metal electrode with a periodical groove, and a silicon-based thin film, wherein the silicon-based thin film is formed on the surface of the metal electrode with the periodical groove, and the metal electrode with the periodical groove is located on the bottom of the silicon-based thin film. According to the silicon-based thin-film solar cell with the metal groove structure on the bottom, through design of the structural parameters of the metal groove, the optical length of light, with a certain wave length, of a sunlight spectrum in the silicon-based thin film can be increased, light absorption is enhanced, and thus the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved. The silicon-based thin-film solar cell with the metal groove structure on the bottom has the advantages of being compact in structure and high in photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Description

A kind of bottom has the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar cell application technical field, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of bottom and have the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of nanometer technology and Nano Scale Electronics Technology, surface plasma excimer (Surface Plasmon polaritons, SPPs) becomes an emerging research direction in recent years.SPPs incides metal and dielectric surface when electromagnetic wave, the surface electromagnetic wave vibration producing at interface place, and its electric field strength, in metal surface maximum, is exponential damping along with the increase of the distance perpendicular to interface.Therefore, SPPs is a kind of surface wave, and its electromagnetic field is constrained near scope metal and dielectric interface.SPPs has enhancing reflected effect, by the structural parameters of design metal sub-wavelength array, can realize to the amplification of characteristic frequency point, to other frequency band filtering.In addition, it can also break through diffraction limit, and electromagnetic wave is constrained within the scope of sub-wavelength dimensions and propagated.Metal material, sub-wavelength structure and metal surface medium all can exert an influence to SPPs, and SPPs also has the characteristic that two-dimensional space (surface) is propagated, and these are all easy to it to manipulate.At present, SPPs effect has been applied in multiple fields such as filtering, waveguide, resonant cavity, laser amplifier, sensing and imaging.
Solar cell is to utilize the photovoltaic effect of semi-conducting material to convert solar energy into the photoelectric device of direct current energy, and it is also referred to as photovoltaic cell conventionally, and solar battery cell is the basis of large area photovoltaic application facility.Estimate according to International Energy Agency, within 2012, world's photovoltaic production has exceeded 40 m. gigawatt (GW)s (GW), expect the year two thousand fifty, make the global emissions of carbon dioxide reduce every year 2.3 hundred million tons (Gt) thereby the energy output of photovoltaic cell will account for 11% of global energy output.At present, be used for generating semi-conducting material mainly contain: monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, multi-element compounds, organic semiconductor, TiOx nano crystalline substance, sensitizing dyestuff etc.
From the operation principle of solar cell, the limit photoelectric conversion efficiency of any backing material is to have considered self intrinsic property (band gap) ideal effect afterwards, for its limit conversion efficiency of convergence, should accomplish following two aspects: be to reduce electricity loss on the one hand, select suitable backing material, adopt high-quality manufacturing technology (as low defect, low photo-generated carrier compound) and meticulous device structure design (be conducive to photo-generated carrier generation, separate and collect); Be the energy fully absorbing in solar spectrum on the other hand, make full use of the energy of each photon, require the loss of battery surface areflexia and adopt desirable sunken light technology to reach maximum light absorption.Although the absorption spectra of GaAs (GaAs) material is mated with solar spectrum (300nm~900nm) most, the limit photoelectric conversion efficiency of the single junction solar cells based on GaAs is the highest, but consider its toxicity and the complexity of process technology, generally the emphasis using the silica-base material such as monocrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon as research.
Cost, material toxicity, conversion efficiency and the application band etc. of solar cell have restricted its large-scale promotion.The silicon-based film solar cells proposing is in recent years the semi-conducting material that only has hundreds of nano thickness, and it can reduce costs, reduce consumption of raw materials, is convenient to large-scale promotion.But from the Intrinsic Gettering characteristic of silicon materials, monocrystalline silicon is at the lower (document 1 of the absorptivity of 600nm~1100nm wave band, Harry A.Atwater and Albert Polman, surface plasma excimer strengthens photovoltaic cell, nature material, 9(205), 2010), its photoelectric conversion efficiency only has an appointment 10%.In recent years, the scientist in New Zealand and Australia proposed effectively to strengthen at battery surface placement metal nanoparticle array the absorption of light.Effectively increase the projectile energy of sunlight, make light at inside battery by multiple reflections, energy fully absorbs, thereby improves the conversion efficiency of solar cell.
Present inventor relies on the industry experience for many years of being engaged in, and metal groove structure is introduced in active research improvement in solar cell.The surface plasma excimer effect of metal and dielectric interface place excitation is combined with the photoelectric effect of solar cell, design a kind of bottom and have the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure.Arrive solar battery structure bottom when sunlight is incident to this structure and penetrates silica-base film, the interface place of the periodicity groove on silica-base film and metal electrode inspires metal surface plasma body excimer (SPPs).SPPs has the characteristic that two-dimensional space (surface) is propagated, and the light that wavelength meets SPPs vector matching condition can form waveguide mode, along silica-base film and metal groove interface direction propagation.By the structural parameters of design metal groove, the light path of the light that can increase specific wavelength in sunlight spectrum in silica-base film, increases light absorption, thereby improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.The designed solar battery structure of the present invention has compact conformation, feature that photoelectric conversion efficiency is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed in prior art, the lower deficiency of described conventional solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency, provides a kind of compact conformation, silicon-based film solar cells that photoelectric conversion efficiency is high.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, according to the present invention, provide a kind of bottom to there is the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure, it comprises: have periodically metal electrode and the silica-base film of groove, wherein said silica-base film is formed on has the periodically surface of metal electrode of groove, and described in there is the periodically metal electrode of groove and be positioned at silica-base film bottom.
Preferably, the material of described silica-base film is single crystalline Si.
Preferably, described silica-base film thickness is at Nano grade.
Preferably, described silica-base film thickness is 100nm~500nm.
Preferably, described in, having the periodically metal electrode material of groove is Cu, Ag or Au.
The groove cycle preferably, with the metal electrode of periodicity groove is shaped as square lattice.
Preferably, described in, having the periodically groove Cycle Length of the metal electrode of groove is 200nm~400nm.
Preferably, described in, having the periodically groove shapes of the metal electrode of groove is square.
Preferably, described in, having the periodically groove length of side of the metal electrode of groove is 160nm~240nm.
Preferably, described in, having the periodically depth of groove of the metal electrode of groove is 20nm~100nm.
Preferably, described in there is the periodically metal electrode of groove and prepare by Three-dimensional micro-fabrication by femtosecond, the deposition process of described silica-base film is magnetron sputtering deposition mode.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: when sunlight is incident to the designed bottom of the present invention and has the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure, and penetrating silica-base film arrival solar battery structure bottom, the interface place of the periodicity groove on silica-base film and metal electrode inspires metal surface plasma body (SPPs).SPPs has the characteristic that two-dimensional space (surface) is propagated, and the light that wavelength meets SPPs vector matching condition can form waveguide mode, along silica-base film and metal groove interface direction propagation.By the structural parameters of design metal groove, the light path of the light that can increase specific wavelength in sunlight spectrum in silica-base film, increases light absorption, thereby improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.The designed solar battery structure of the present invention has compact conformation, feature that photoelectric conversion efficiency is high.
Brief description of the drawings
By reference to the accompanying drawings, and by reference to detailed description below, will more easily there is more complete understanding to the present invention and more easily understand its advantage of following and feature, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows according to the preferred embodiment of the invention silicon-based film solar cells that bottom has the metal groove structure stereogram within a square cycle.
Fig. 2 schematically shows according to the preferred embodiment of the invention silicon-based film solar cells that bottom has the metal groove structure cutaway view within a square cycle.
Fig. 3 schematically shows according to the preferred embodiment of the invention bottom and has the equivalent spectrum power diagram of silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure and the bottom equivalent spectrum power diagram without the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure.
In figure: 10, groove periodically, 11, silica-base film, 12, there is the periodically metal electrode of groove 10
It should be noted that, accompanying drawing is used for illustrating the present invention, and unrestricted the present invention.Note, the accompanying drawing that represents structure may not be to draw in proportion.And in accompanying drawing, identical or similar element indicates identical or similar label.
Embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention more clear and understandable, below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, content of the present invention is described in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1~2, Figure 1 shows that silicon-based film solar cells that a kind of bottom of the present invention has the metal groove structure stereogram within a square cycle.Described a kind of bottom has the silicon-based film solar cells 1 of metal groove structure, comprising: have periodically metal electrode 12 and the silica-base film 11 of groove 10, wherein said silica-base film 11 is formed on has periodically metal electrode 12 surfaces of groove 10.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of silicon-based film solar cells within a square cycle that a kind of bottom of the present invention has a metal groove structure.More specifically, in the present invention, there is the periodically metal electrode 12 of groove 10 described in definition and be positioned at silica-base film bottom 11.
Preferably, the material of described silica-base film 11 is single crystalline Si.
Preferably, described silica-base film 11 thickness, at Nano grade, are generally 100nm~500nm, and described metal electrode 12 materials with periodicity groove 10 are Cu, Ag or Au.Preferably, the described periodically groove cycle of the metal electrode 12 of groove 10 that has is shaped as square lattice, and the groove Cycle Length of the described metal electrode 12 with periodicity groove 10 is 200nm~400nm.
Preferably, the groove shapes of the described metal electrode 12 with periodicity groove 10 is square, the groove length of side of the described metal electrode 12 with periodicity groove 10 is 160nm~240nm, and the depth of groove of the described metal electrode 12 with periodicity groove 10 is 20nm~100nm.
Concrete example of the present invention will be described below:
Selecting thickness is that the argent (Ag) of 220nm is as metal electrode material, adopt Three-dimensional micro-fabrication by femtosecond to prepare to there is the square cycle square indentations (the groove length of side is 260nm, and depth of groove is 20nm) of (Cycle Length is 300nm) on metal electrode.Then in this structure, adopt magnetron sputtering deposition mode to deposit the monocrystalline silicon that a layer thickness is 100nm (Si) silica-base film, thereby bottom forming, there is the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure.The equivalent spectrum power that a kind of bottom based on above-mentioned material and structural parameters has the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure is provided by Fig. 3.In Fig. 3, provided bottom without metal groove structure, the equivalent spectrum power of the silicon-based film solar cells of the monocrystalline silicon (Si) that thickness is 100nm simultaneously.Article two, equivalent spectrum power curve has been made normalized with the solar irradiance of AM1.5.Calculate light convergence factor 1.125, absorptivity has improved 12.5%.
In addition, it should be noted that, unless stated otherwise or point out, otherwise the descriptions such as term " first " in specification, " second ", " the 3rd " are only for distinguishing each assembly, element, step of specification etc., instead of for representing logical relation or the ordinal relation etc. between each assembly, element, step.
Be understandable that, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but above-described embodiment is not in order to limit the present invention.For any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention,, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a bottom has the silicon-based film solar cells of metal groove structure, it is characterized in that comprising: there is periodically metal electrode and the silica-base film of groove, wherein said silica-base film is formed on has the periodically surface of metal electrode of groove, and described in there is the periodically metal electrode of groove and be positioned at silica-base film bottom.
2. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described silica-base film is single crystalline Si.
3. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described silica-base film thickness is at Nano grade.
4. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described silica-base film thickness is 100nm~500nm.
5. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in to have the periodically metal electrode material of groove be Cu, Ag or Au.
6. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, described in there is the periodically groove cycle of the metal electrode of groove and be shaped as square lattice.
7. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described in to have the periodically groove Cycle Length of the metal electrode of groove be 200nm~400nm.
8. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: described in to have the periodically groove shapes of the metal electrode of groove be square.
9. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described in to have the periodically groove length of side of the metal electrode of groove be 160nm~240nm.
10. silicon-based film solar cells according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described in to have the periodically depth of groove of the metal electrode of groove be 20nm~100nm.
11. according to the silicon-based film solar cells described in claim 1~10, it is characterized in that, the described metal electrode with periodicity groove is prepared by Three-dimensional micro-fabrication by femtosecond, and the deposition process of described silica-base film is magnetron sputtering deposition mode.
CN201410148419.1A 2014-04-14 2014-04-14 Silicon-based thin-film solar cell with metal groove structure on bottom Pending CN103904146A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105280734A (en) * 2015-11-11 2016-01-27 厦门乾照光电股份有限公司 Inverted-structure-based solar cell
CN105921887A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-09-07 武汉虹拓新技术有限责任公司 Device and method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure battery based on ultrafast laser
CN106098817A (en) * 2016-06-24 2016-11-09 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Opto-electronic device, semiconductor substrate and preparation method thereof
CN108198894A (en) * 2018-01-05 2018-06-22 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 A kind of photodiode and preparation method thereof, X-ray detection substrate

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JP4832727B2 (en) * 2004-05-31 2011-12-07 信越半導体株式会社 Solar cell manufacturing method and solar cell
CN102315290A (en) * 2011-09-23 2012-01-11 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Full-spectrum absorption enhanced hydrogenated amorphous silicon hydride thin film solar cell
CN103668130A (en) * 2012-09-25 2014-03-26 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of metal nanostructure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4832727B2 (en) * 2004-05-31 2011-12-07 信越半導体株式会社 Solar cell manufacturing method and solar cell
US20100259826A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Lightwave Power, Inc. Planar plasmonic device for light reflection, diffusion and guiding
CN102184975A (en) * 2011-04-11 2011-09-14 复旦大学 Thin film solar cell with improved photoelectric conversion efficiency and manufacturing method thereof
CN102315290A (en) * 2011-09-23 2012-01-11 中国科学院光电技术研究所 Full-spectrum absorption enhanced hydrogenated amorphous silicon hydride thin film solar cell
CN103668130A (en) * 2012-09-25 2014-03-26 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of metal nanostructure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105280734A (en) * 2015-11-11 2016-01-27 厦门乾照光电股份有限公司 Inverted-structure-based solar cell
CN105921887A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-09-07 武汉虹拓新技术有限责任公司 Device and method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure battery based on ultrafast laser
CN106098817A (en) * 2016-06-24 2016-11-09 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Opto-electronic device, semiconductor substrate and preparation method thereof
CN108198894A (en) * 2018-01-05 2018-06-22 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 A kind of photodiode and preparation method thereof, X-ray detection substrate

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Application publication date: 20140702