CN103902672B - Question answering system and its question and answer processing method - Google Patents

Question answering system and its question and answer processing method Download PDF

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CN103902672B
CN103902672B CN201410102933.1A CN201410102933A CN103902672B CN 103902672 B CN103902672 B CN 103902672B CN 201410102933 A CN201410102933 A CN 201410102933A CN 103902672 B CN103902672 B CN 103902672B
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inquiry message
information type
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information
field
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CN103902672A (en
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司德谭
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Weimeng Chuangke Network Technology China Co Ltd
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Weimeng Chuangke Network Technology China Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/903Querying
    • G06F16/90335Query processing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/903Querying
    • G06F16/9032Query formulation
    • G06F16/90332Natural language query formulation or dialogue systems

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  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of question answering system and its question and answer processing method, the described method includes:Question answering system is determined the field belonging to the INQUIRE statement, and is loaded and the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field after the INQUIRE statement of user's transmission is received;For each information type in the field parameter configuration of loading, the extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out from the INQUIRE statement in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type;The content to match with the value of all inquiry messages extracted is found out from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse in the field, the answer as the INQUIRE statement is returned.With the application of the invention, the field scalability of question answering system can be improved.

Description

Question answering system and its question and answer processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Internet technology more particularly to a kind of question answering systems and its question and answer processing method.
Background technology
Question answering system is a kind of advanced form of information retrieval system, can be answered and used with accurate, succinct natural language The question and answer query service request of family natural language expressing(Also referred herein as INQUIRE statement), specifically INQUIRE statement is made Reaction inquires about pertinent arts database and provides answer.In practical application, two classes inquiry pertinent arts are primarily present The technology of database:Class inquiry inference technology based on structural data searches for skill based on unstructured or semi-structured class Art.
Wherein, in the class inquiry inference technology based on structural data, it is necessary first to the inquiry with natural language expressing Ask that sentence carries out formalization processing, obtain it is that the INQUIRE statement is included, for answering the formalization needed for the INQUIRE statement Inquiry message;Then, according to the inquiry message of obtained formalization, in the domain knowledge data storehouse with structural data into Row inquiry and reasoning, generate the answer content to match with the value of inquiry message.Wherein, the formalization of INQUIRE statement is handled It specifically refers to carry out INQUIRE statement inquiry message extraction, i.e., the value of the inquiry message extracted from INQUIRE statement is to calculate Machine program is intelligible.For example, if INQUIRE statement is " how is Pekinese's weather tomorrow", then it can be by the INQUIRE statement shape Formulaization processing is the expression shape in similar { service type=" weather ", city=" Beijing ", time=" on December 9th, 2013 " } The inquiry message of formula.If when INQUIRE statement is " how is the luck tendency in this week of Taurus", then the INQUIRE statement can be formalized It handles as similar { service type=" astro ", constellation=" Taurus ", period=" December 15 9 days to 2013 December in 2013 Day " } representation inquiry message.
Existing question answering system mainly closes neighborhood system, that is, is absorbed in the problem of answering specific area.Wherein, question and answer Question and answer processing unit in system can be directed to the INQUIRE statement progress information extraction for belonging to specific area.Specifically, receiving To after INQUIRE statement to be checked, the question and answer processing unit in question answering system carries out inquiry message pumping to the INQUIRE statement of reception It takes, it, can be from the INQUIRE statement of reception if the INQUIRE statement received belongs to the targeted specific area of the question and answer processing unit In extract the value of inquiry message, and then, question answering system can be according to the value of the inquiry message extracted, in question answering system It is inquired about in middle configured domain knowledge data storehouse and reasoning, obtains the content to match with the value of inquiry message, and As the answer with the INQUIRE statement.
In fact, the INQUIRE statement for belonging to different field, for answering the inquiry message needed for INQUIRE statement often There can be very big difference.Therefore, during being formalized to INQUIRE statement, for belonging to the INQUIRE statement of different field, Therefrom extracting the information extraction mode of inquiry message, there is also differences.If that is, inquiry that existing question answering system receives Ask that sentence is not belonging to the targeted specific area of question and answer processing unit, then the question and answer processing unit in existing question answering system is by nothing Method extracts the value for answering the inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement from the INQUIRE statement of reception;Then, question answering system The answer of the INQUIRE statement can not just be provided.
Therefore, in order to enable question answering system can support multi-field question and answer query service request, propose in the prior art Corresponding question and answer processing unit can be each developed for every field, and will be at the question and answer for every field that developed Reason device is integrated into a huge inquiry system so that the huge question answering system is identified by the method for text classification It is chosen after going out the affiliated field of INQUIRE statement, in each question and answer processing unit that can be integrated from it corresponding with its field Question and answer processing unit carry out the extraction of inquiry message, and according to the value of the inquiry message extracted belonging to INQUIRE statement The corresponding FIELD Data knowledge base in field in find out answer content.
However, in above-mentioned integrated question answering system, per a kind of branched question and answer query service request for holding field, it is necessary to Exploitation is for the question and answer processing unit in the newly-increased field.And in fact, the exploitation of the question and answer processing unit for specific area, needs The information extraction mode that inquiry message is extracted from the INQUIRE statement in the field is directed to, writes realization code, and this is needed The longer construction cycle.Therefore, for being integrated with the question answering systems of multiple question and answer processing units, the construction cycle is long, the big day of one's doom The field scalability of question answering system is made.
In conclusion deficiency of the existing question answering system there are field poor expandability;It can therefore, it is necessary to provide one kind To improve the question and answer processing method of the field scalability of question answering system.
The content of the invention
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of question answering system and its question and answer processing methods, can support multi-field INQUIRE statement Processing, improve the field scalability of question answering system.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of question and answer processing method of question answering system, including:
Question answering system is determined the field belonging to the INQUIRE statement, and is added after the INQUIRE statement of user's transmission is received It carries and the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field;
For each information type in the field parameter configuration of loading, with the corresponding information extraction of the information type Mode carries out the extraction of the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement;
The value with all inquiry messages extracted is found out from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse in the field The content to match, the answer as the INQUIRE statement are returned.
With the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field it is pre-set it is preferred that described:
Collect the INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field of predetermined quantity;And
For each INQUIRE statement of collection, determine after answering the inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement, for each The inquiry message determined determines the information type of the inquiry message;And using the information type determined as the INQUIRE statement Involved information type;
The information type that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly is determined as opposite with the field Information type included in the field parameter configuration answered.
It is preferred that the letter is carried out from the INQUIRE statement in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type described After the extraction for ceasing the inquiry message of type, further include:
If not extracting the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement, using the information type as the inquiry Ask that information type is recorded lacking in sentence;And
It is extracted in described found out from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse of the field parameter configuration with all Inquiry message the content that matches of value before, further include:
If record has an information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement, the question answering system is according to the INQUIRE statement of record Lacking in information type, to the user return supplement INQUIRE statement prompt message;And user is being received according to described After the side information that prompt message is sent, for each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement, with the information type phase Corresponding information extraction mode carries out the extraction of the inquiry message of the information type from the side information.
It is preferred that in the question answering system according to lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record information type, to the user Before the prompt message for returning to supplement INQUIRE statement, further include:
For each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record, if determining whether out, the information type is to set The information type of the inquiry message with acquiescence value in the field parameter configuration is placed in, then using the acquiescence value as pumping The value of the inquiry message for the information type taken out, and the information type of record is deleted.
It is preferred that the information type of the inquiry message includes:Date-time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, just Then type, community information type;And
It is described for each inquiry message determined, determine the information type of the inquiry message, specifically include:
For each inquiry message determined, if existing and the inquiry in the lists of keywords in the pre-set field The identical keyword of the value of information, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is enumerated;
If the value of the inquiry message is identical with the place name recorded in the place name type corresponding ground list of file names, it is determined that The information type of the inquiry message is place name type;
If the value of the inquiry message is believed with the community recorded in the corresponding community list of information of community information type Manner of breathing is same, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is community information type;
If the ASCII ASCII character of the inquiry message is in the range of digital ASCII character, it is determined that The information type of the inquiry message is numeric type;And the value of the inquiry message in numeric type meets the form of date-time type When, the information type for further determining that the inquiry message is date-time type;Meet in the value of the inquiry message of numeric type and set During fixed regular expression, the information type for further determining that the inquiry message is eigenmode.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of question answering system is additionally provided, including:
Fields determining module, for question answering system receive user transmission INQUIRE statement after, determine the inquiry Ask the field belonging to sentence;
Field parameter configuration load-on module, for the field determined according to the fields determining module, loading with The corresponding field parameter configuration in the field;
Inquiry message abstraction module, for the field parameter configuration loaded according to the field parameter configuration load-on module, For each information type in the field parameter configuration, from the inquiry in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type Ask the extraction for the inquiry message that the information type is carried out in sentence;
INQUIRE statement response means for the field determined according to the fields determining module, determine the field Corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse;And the value of the inquiry message extracted according to the inquiry message abstraction module, from true The content to match is found out in fixed domain knowledge data storehouse, the answer as the INQUIRE statement is returned.
It is preferred that the question answering system further includes:
Field parameter configuration setup module for being directed to each field that the question answering system is supported, collects predetermined number The INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field of amount;And it for each INQUIRE statement collected, determines to answer needed for the INQUIRE statement After inquiry message, for each inquiry message determined, the information type of the inquiry message is determined;And the information that will be determined Information type of the type involved by as the INQUIRE statement;All INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly Information type is determined as and information type included in the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field.
It is preferred that the question answering system further includes:Inquiry message complementary module;
The inquiry message abstraction module is additionally operable to be directed to is joined by the field of field parameter configuration load-on module loading Each information type in number configuration, will if not extracting the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement The information type is recorded as information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement;And
The inquiry message complementary module, for obtaining the INQUIRE statement institute of the inquiry message abstraction module record The information type lacked, and information type returns to supplement inquiry to the user according to lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record The prompt message of sentence;And after the side information that the user sends according to the prompt message is received, for the inquiry Each information type lacking in sentence is asked, in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type from the side information The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out, and the inquiry message of extraction is sent to the inquiry message abstraction module.
It is preferred that the inquiry message complementary module is additionally operable to obtain what the inquiry message abstraction module recorded described After information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement, for each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement of acquisition, if into One step judges the information for the inquiry message with acquiescence value that the information type is disposed in the field parameter configuration Type, then using the acquiescence value as the value of the inquiry message of the information type extracted, and by the info class of record Type is deleted.
It is preferred that the information type of the inquiry message includes:Date-time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, just Then type, community information type;And
The field parameter configuration setup module is specifically used in each INQUIRE statement for collection, determines to answer and be somebody's turn to do After inquiry message needed for INQUIRE statement, for each inquiry message determined, if the keyword in the pre-set field There is the keyword identical with the value of the inquiry message in list, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is enumerated; If the value of the inquiry message is identical with the place name recorded in the place name type corresponding ground list of file names, it is determined that the inquiry is believed The information type of breath is place name type;If in the value of the inquiry message and the corresponding community list of information of community information type The community information of record is identical, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is community information type;If the ASCII of the inquiry message Code is in the range of digital ASCII character, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is numeric type;And believe in the inquiry of numeric type When the value of breath meets the form of date-time type, the information type for further determining that the inquiry message is date-time type; When the value of the inquiry message of numeric type meets the regular expression of setting, the information type for further determining that the inquiry message is Eigenmode.
In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, after the affiliated field of INQUIRE statement is determined, question answering system can be with Loading and the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field;Then, for pre-stored each in the field parameter configuration of loading Information type carries out the inquiry of the information type in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type from the INQUIRE statement The extraction of information;And it finds out from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse of the field parameter configuration of loading and is extracted with all Inquiry message the content that matches of value, the answer as the INQUIRE statement.In this way, the inquiry for belonging to different field The extraction that same information extraction mode carries out the inquiry message of identical information type, therefore, question answering system may be employed in sentence Per a kind of branched question and answer query service request for holding field, the setting that the field carries out field parameter configuration need to be only directed to, Without for newly-increased field progress and the exploitation of the newly-increased corresponding question and answer processing unit in field, substantially reducing exploitation again Cycle improves the field scalability of question answering system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the setting procedure schematic diagram of the field parameter configuration of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the question and answer processing method of the question answering system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the question answering system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, referring to the drawings and preferred reality is enumerated Example is applied, the present invention is described in more detail.However, it is necessary to illustrate, many details listed in specification are only to be Make reader to the one or more aspects of the present invention there are one thorough explanation, it even without these specific details can also Realize the aspects of the invention.
The terms such as " module " used in this application, " system " be intended to include with computer-related entity, it is such as but unlimited In hardware, firmware, combination thereof, software or software in execution.For example, module can be, it is not limited to:Processing The process run on device, processor, object, executable program, thread, program and/or the computer performed.For example, count It can be module to calculate the application program run in equipment and this computing device.One or more modules can be located in execution In one process and/or thread.
It was found by the inventors of the present invention that for belonging to two INQUIRE statements of different field, although answering this two inquiries Inquiry message needed for sentence can have very big difference, but different inquiry messages may be identical in information type. For example, for the INQUIRE statement that belongs to weather field, " how is Pekinese's weather tomorrow" and belong to the inquiry in constellation field " how is the luck tendency in this week of Taurus for sentence", date-time, and the inquiry that need to be extracted are directed in two INQUIRE statements Also the extraction of date-time information is directed in information.
Therefore, the present inventor is it is considered that can collect the INQUIRE statement in each field and answer INQUIRE statement institute The inquiry message needed, and therefrom definition by induction goes out some basic information types, for example, can be taken based on the specific of inquiry message Value definition by induction goes out:Date-time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, eigenmode, community information type, whether the info class such as type Type;And it for each information type, sets and the corresponding information extraction mode of the information type.In this way, it is determining to answer After the information type of each inquiry message needed for INQUIRE statement, for each information type, can directly it transfer and the info class The corresponding information extraction mode of type, extracts the inquiry message for belonging to the information type from INQUIRE statement.It is in this way, right In belonging to two INQUIRE statements of different field, if answering in each inquiry message needed for the two INQUIRE statements, there are part phases Same information type, then for identical each information type, may be employed identical information extraction mode to carry out the information The extraction of the inquiry message of type;Similarly, for each INQUIRE statement, if answering each inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement It is middle to there are the different inquiry messages for belonging to same information type, it can also be extracted using identical information extraction mode and belong to this The value of the different inquiry messages of information type.
Further, be also contemplated that can be according to the information type of definition, for question answering system branch by the present inventor The each field held is determined to answer the inquiry message and its info class that belongs to the INQUIRE statement in the field and must include Type;And for each field, can pre-set with the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field, match somebody with somebody in the field parameter of setting Answer is stored in putting and belongs to inquiry message and its information type that the INQUIRE statement in the field must include.In this way, per more It supports a kind of question and answer query service request in field, need to only be directed to the setting that the field carries out field parameter configuration, without For the newly-increased field increase newly the exploitation of the corresponding question and answer processing unit in field with this again, substantially reduce exploitation week Phase improves the field scalability of question answering system.
The technical solution that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before question and answer processing is carried out to INQUIRE statement, several information types need to be pre-defined, And it for each information type, sets and the corresponding information extraction mode of the information type.
Specifically, can collect in advance setting quantity belong to the INQUIRE statement of different field after, for each inquiry language Sentence, determines to answer the inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement;And according to the specific value of all inquiry messages determined, base In XML(EXtensible Markup Language, extensible markup language)Specification or other syntax rules, definition by induction Go out:Date-time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, eigenmode, community information type etc. set the information type of number of species. It for example, can be by the peculiar word in field(The major styles of cooking of such as food and drink circle, each team name of basketball professional tournament)As row The inquiry message of act type;It can will meet the information of some features(Such as license plate number, telephone number)Inquiry as eigenmode is believed Breath;It can will be related to the community information of user as inquiry message of community information type etc..Then, go out for definition by induction Each information type is set and the corresponding information extraction mode of the information type.Wherein, with the corresponding letter of the information type Breath extraction mode is specifically what is be configured by those skilled in the art according to common information extraction technique means, for from inquiry Ask the inquiry message for extracting that computer is intelligible, belongs to the information type in sentence.In fact, the value tool of inquiry message Body can be the inquiry message of the character string forms extracted from INQUIRE statement;With the corresponding information extraction side of information type Formula can specifically show as computer program code.
For example, in INQUIRE statement use natural language expressing word, such as " today ", " tomorrow ", " this week ", " 2014-01-01 ", " 01.01.2014 " etc. meet the word of the form of date-time type, can use and date-time type Corresponding information extraction mode carries out the extraction of the inquiry message of date-time type from INQUIRE statement and is converted into computer The intelligible date.For example, may be employed with the corresponding information extraction mode of date-time type, from INQUIRE statement " today north How is the weather in capital" extract " today ", and " today " for extracting is converted into specific " 2014 01 date on the same day Month 01 day " afterwards as the date-time type in the INQUIRE statement inquiry message value.
In practical application, place name can generally be divided into five ranks:Country, province, districts and cities, area, street.Therefore, it is right In the word of place name involved in INQUIRE statement, then may be employed with the corresponding information extraction mode of place name type from INQUIRE statement It carries out the extraction of the inquiry message of place name type and is converted into the intelligible form of computer.For example, the inquiry of the place name type extracted Ask that information can be embodied in the Pyatyi form in " country, province, districts and cities, area, street ", for example, " China, Shandong, Qingdao, Shinan District, Zhuhai are all the way ";Certainly, on the premise of there is not place name ambiguity, the inquiry message of the place name type extracted can also It shows as the level Four form in " province, districts and cities, area, street " or includes the form of less rank.
For the word of numeric type involved in INQUIRE statement, then may be employed and the corresponding information extraction mode of numeric type The extraction of the inquiry message of numeric type is carried out from INQUIRE statement and is converted into the intelligible form of computer.For example, it can incite somebody to action Computer intelligible digital " 360 " is directly extracted as the value of the inquiry message of numeric type, can also be by the number of literal expression Value type word " 806 " be converted into digital " 860 " afterwards as numeric type inquiry message value.
In practical application, INQUIRE statement may be related to distinctive random enumerated word in the field belonging to it Language, for example, the major styles of cooking of food and drink circle or each team of team name of basketball professional tournament etc..Therefore, for being related to enumerated word INQUIRE statement, then may be employed with the corresponding information extraction mode of enumerated, with reference to pre-set neck in question answering system The lists of keywords in domain extracts the content identical with the keyword in the lists of keywords from INQUIRE statement, and can be straight Connect the value of the content that will extract as the inquiry message of enumerated.In fact, for distinctive random in field Enumerated word, may be there are alias, therefore, can also be by the enumerated word for the enumerated word with alias Alias be arranged in the lists of keywords in the field.
Further, before question and answer processing is carried out to INQUIRE statement, each neck supported for question answering system is also needed Domain based on information type defined above, is pre-set and the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field, idiographic flow such as Fig. 1 It is shown, include the following steps:
S101:The INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field of predetermined quantity is collected, and for each INQUIRE statement collected, is determined Go out to answer the inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement.
Wherein, each field supported for question answering system belongs to the INQUIRE statement in the field and answers what is collected Inquiry message needed for INQUIRE statement is collected by those skilled in the art;And the particular content for the INQUIRE statement collected, And the quantity for the INQUIRE statement collected is rule of thumb to be chosen and adjusted setting, purpose by those skilled in the art It is to ensure subsequently determine to answer the inquiry that belongs to the INQUIRE statement in the field and must include according to the content of collection Ask the information type of information.
S102:For each inquiry message determined, the information type of the inquiry message, and the letter that will be determined are determined Cease information type of the type involved by as the INQUIRE statement.
It specifically, can be according to needed for answering the INQUIRE statement for each INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field of collection Inquiry message specific value, determine the information type of the inquiry message, and using the information type determined as the inquiry Ask the information type involved by sentence.Wherein, the information type of inquiry message is based on the specific of the inquiry message counted in advance Defined in content, it can include:Date-time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, eigenmode, community information type etc..
For example, for each inquiry message determined, if exist in the lists of keywords in the pre-set field with The identical keyword of the value of the inquiry message, the then information type that can determine the inquiry message are enumerated.If the inquiry The value of information is identical with the place name recorded in place name type corresponding ground list of file names, i.e. the specific value of the inquiry message is related to The information of place names such as national city are arrived, then the information type that can determine the inquiry message is place name type.If the inquiry message Value is identical with the community information recorded in the corresponding community list of information of community information type, then can determine the inquiry The information type of information is community information type.If the ASCII of the inquiry message(American Standard Code for Information Interchange, ASCII)Code, then can be true in the range of digital ASCII character The information type of the fixed inquiry message is numeric type.If the value of the inquiry message and the corresponding date-time of date-time type The keyword recorded in list is identical, then the information type that can determine the inquiry message is date-time type.Further, exist Determine the information type of inquiry message for after numeric type, can also determine whether the value of the inquiry message of the numeric type is The no form for meeting date-time type, if so, the information type that can determine the inquiry message is date-time type;Similarly, It can determine whether the value of the inquiry message of the numeric type meets the regular expression of setting, if so, can be true The information type of the fixed inquiry message is eigenmode.
S103:The information type that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly is determined as and the field Information type included in corresponding field parameter configuration.
Specifically, for each INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field of collection, by the info class involved by the INQUIRE statement Type therefrom determines the information type being related to jointly compared with the information type involved by other INQUIRE statements.It is actual to answer In, since the information type that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field are related to jointly can reflect answer to a certain extent The information type for the key message that the INQUIRE statement in the field must include;In the inquiry message extracted from INQUIRE statement When containing all key messages, question answering system can find out the answer content of the INQUIRE statement according to inquiry message.Therefore, It can be using the information type that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly as the inquiry language for answering the field The information type of inquiry message that sentence must include, and be determined as with included in the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field Information type(It can be also simply referred to as the information type involved by the field herein).
More preferably, it can also determine after answering the inquiry message needed for each INQUIRE statement, count in step S101 Answer the common inquiry message included needed for all INQUIRE statements collected;Then, for each inquiry message counted, Determine the information type of the inquiry message.In this way, it is possible to further which the information type of the inquiry message counted is determined For with the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field included in information type;The institute that the answer counted can also be collected Have the common inquiry message included needed for INQUIRE statement, be determined as with included in the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field Inquiry message.
In practical application, for belonging to the INQUIRE statement in different fields, comprising inquiry message may belong to identical Information type, but the requirement for the specific value of inquiry message has differences.So it more preferably, is setting and the field phase During corresponding field parameter configuration, the information type involved by the field can also be defined, be increased with this The discrimination of every field in question answering system, and so that the value positioning of the inquiry message of the information type extracted is more smart Really, the search efficiency of question answering system is improved.It for example, can be to using what is extracted with the corresponding information extraction mode of numeric type The value range of inquiry message is defined or to being believed using the inquiry extracted with the corresponding information extraction mode of place name type The rank of breath is defined.
Field parameter configuration and domain knowledge number based on above-mentioned pre-defined information type and for the setting of each field According to storehouse, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of question and answer processing methods of question answering system, and idiographic flow is as shown in Fig. 2, including as follows Step:
S201:Question answering system determines the field belonging to the INQUIRE statement after the INQUIRE statement of user's transmission is received.
Specifically, after user accesses question answering system by client and sends INQUIRE statement, question answering system may be employed Technical means commonly used by such a person skilled in the art carry out text classification to the INQUIRE statement of reception, determine belonging to the INQUIRE statement Field.It for example, can be by the particular content of the INQUIRE statement of reception and pre-set each field(Including the question answering system institute Field supporting and not supporting)Keyword matched, after the similarity for calculating the INQUIRE statement and each field, Similarity maximum or the field more than given threshold are determined as to the affiliated field of the INQUIRE statement, wherein, on inquiry language Sentence is with the matching of the keyword in each field and those skilled in the art can be used with the calculating of the similarity in each field commonly uses Technological means, this will not be detailed here.
S202:Question answering system and then the corresponding field parameter configuration in field for loading and determining.
Specifically, question answering system can load opposite with the field according to the field belonging to the INQUIRE statement determined The field parameter configuration answered.In practical application, the field parameter configuration being set in advance in question answering system is limited, that is, It says, question answering system is only capable of carrying out question and answer processing to the INQUIRE statement for belonging to its supported field.Therefore, in this step, it is right In the question and answer query service request for being not belonging to the field that question answering system is supported, then can not load corresponding with the field determined Field parameter configuration.In this way, in practical applications, question answering system can not load domains parameter configuration when, can be to client End returns to signal language, which the field supported to the customer prompts question answering systems has and how using the question answering system etc. Content.
S203:For each information type in the field parameter configuration of loading, with the corresponding letter of the information type Breath extraction mode carries out the extraction of the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement.
In practical application, each information type in the parameter configuration of field, which refers specifically to answer, to be belonged to and field parameter configuration phase The information type for the inquiry message that the INQUIRE statement in corresponding field must include, i.e. information type involved by the field. Therefore, in this step, after question answering system can obtain pre-stored information type in the field parameter configuration from loading, The each information type obtained can be directed to, after transferring the pre-set and corresponding information extraction mode of the information type, The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out to the INQUIRE statement of reception.If the letter is not drawn into from the INQUIRE statement It ceases the inquiry message of type, i.e., does not obtain the specific value of the inquiry message of the information type, then it can be by the information type It is recorded as information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement.
In this way, before step S204 is performed, it can detect whether that record has information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement; If the information type that the INQUIRE statement does not lack can perform step S204.
Otherwise, question answering system can according to lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record information type, to user return supplement The prompt message of INQUIRE statement;And after the side information that user sends according to prompt message is received, for the INQUIRE statement Lacking in each information type, the information is carried out from side information in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type The extraction of the inquiry message of type.Wherein, after question answering system can supplement the prompt message of INQUIRE statement to user's return, etc. Treat that user sends side information according to prompt message.If being not received by side information in setting time, this can be terminated Secondary question and answer processing.This way it is possible to avoid question answering system leads to not find out what is answered or find out because lacking partial information Answer is not that user wants as a result, improving the accuracy that question answering system provides answer.Moreover, it is prompted by being returned to user Language can increase the interaction between question answering system and user so that the service of question answering system more hommization while, and pass through The more accurate inquiry message of positioning can improve the efficiency that question answering system provides answer.
In practical application, for each field, answer belongs to the inquiry message that the INQUIRE statement in the field must include In, it may be there are some inquiry messages with acquiescence value.Acquiescence value therein specifically refers to belonging to the field INQUIRE statement query process in the content implicit because of use habit.Therefore, more preferably, propped up for question answering system The each field held, can also be in the field parameter configuration during setting with the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field It is middle that the inquiry message with acquiescence value is set, and determine that this has the information type of the inquiry message of acquiescence value.In this way, After information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement for determining to receive, lacked in question answering system according to the INQUIRE statement of record Few information type before the prompt message for supplementing INQUIRE statement is returned to user, can also be directed to the INQUIRE statement of record Lacking in each information type, determine whether the information type lacked is to be arranged in the field parameter configuration The information type of inquiry message with acquiescence value, if so, question answering system can be using the acquiescence value as extracting The value of the inquiry message of the information type, and the information type of record is deleted.Otherwise, question answering system can basis Information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record returns to the prompt message of supplement INQUIRE statement to user.In this way, question and answer system System for the inquiry message for having acquiescence value just without returning to prompt message again, it is possible to reduce returns to the number of prompt message, carries High question answering system provides the efficiency of answer.
In the case that the inquiry message that is included by the INQUIRE statement sent for the first time in user is less, it is possible that more The phenomenon that secondary prompting user's side information, therefore, in order to further improve the efficiency that question answering system provides answer, more preferably, Question answering system information type according to lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record returns to the prompting of supplement INQUIRE statement to user every time After information, the number for returning to prompt message can also be counted.In this way, question answering system can detect note next time Record have an information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement after, in information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement according to record, to Before user returns to the prompt message of supplement INQUIRE statement, first the number for returning to prompt message and setting number can be compared Compared with if the number for returning to prompt message can be determined that more than setting number and occur repeatedly reminding, and terminate this question and answer Processing;Otherwise, continue to return to the prompt message for supplementing INQUIRE statement to user.In this way, prompt message can be returned to by limiting Number, avoid it is repeated multiple times to user return supplement INQUIRE statement prompt message, user experience is caused to decline to a great extent.Its In, it is no longer superfluous herein on how to detect the number common sense known to those skilled in the art for having returned to prompt message It states.
In practical application, for the supported each field of question answering system, answer belongs to needed for the INQUIRE statement in the field Each inquiry message between may there are dependences, i.e., the value of a certain inquiry message to influence whether other when changing The value of inquiry message.Therefore, more preferably, for the supported each field of question answering system, with the corresponding neck in the field Field parameter configuration setting up procedure in, can be the field involved by each information type inquiry message set accordingly according to Rely attribute of a relation.In this way, can in each information type in the field parameter configuration for loading, with the information type phase After corresponding information extraction mode extracts the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement, can further basis it be somebody's turn to do The dependency attribute of the inquiry message of information type determines the inquiry for having dependence with the inquiry message of the information type Ask information and its information type;And in a manner of the corresponding information extraction of the information type with determining from the INQUIRE statement into The extraction of row inquiry message.In this way, answer system can be caused to provide more complete, accuracy according to more inquiry messages Higher answer.
In practical application, answer is contained in the field parameter configuration in each field supported for question answering system and is received In the case of the common inquiry message included needed for all INQUIRE statements of collection, specifically, the field ginseng of loading can be directed to Each inquiry message in number configuration, from the inquiry language in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type of the inquiry message The extraction of the inquiry message is carried out in sentence.In this way, will can be not drawn into from INQUIRE statement the inquiry message of value as Inquiry message lacking in the INQUIRE statement is recorded;Then, the INQUIRE statement as that described for record may be employed Lacking in the subsequent processing mode that is carried out of information type, for inquiry message lacking in the INQUIRE statement, prompted The return of information and the side information to being returned according to prompt message carry out inquiry message lacking in the INQUIRE statement It extracts, details are not described herein.
S204:It is found out and all inquiry messages extracted from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse in the field The content that value matches, the answer as the INQUIRE statement are returned.
Specifically, question answering system can by pre-set data-interface in the field parameter configuration of loading, access with The corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse of field parameter configuration of loading therefrom finds out and is taken with all inquiry messages extracted After all matched content of value, using the content found out as the answer of the INQUIRE statement, and the client where user is back to. Wherein, it can specifically be stored in question answering system and can lead to the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse of the field parameter configuration of loading Cross the internal data that data-interface directly accesses or the external data being connected by Remote-Data-Interface with question answering system.
Question and answer processing method based on above-mentioned question answering system, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provide a kind of question answering system, such as Fig. 3 It is shown, including:Fields determining module 301, field parameter configuration load-on module 302, inquiry message abstraction module 303, inquiry Ask sentence response means 304.
Wherein, after fields determining module 301 is used for the INQUIRE statement for receiving user's transmission in question answering system, determine Go out the field belonging to the INQUIRE statement.
Field parameter configuration load-on module 302 is used for the field determined according to fields determining module 301, loading with The corresponding field parameter configuration in the field.
Inquiry message abstraction module 303 is used for the field parameter configuration loaded according to field parameter configuration load-on module 302, For each information type in the field parameter configuration, from the inquiry in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out in sentence.
INQUIRE statement response means 304 are used for the field determined according to fields determining module 301, determine and the neck The corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse in domain;And the value of the inquiry message extracted according to inquiry message abstraction module 303, from true The content to match is found out in fixed domain knowledge data storehouse, the answer as the INQUIRE statement is returned.
In the embodiment of the present invention, which can also include:Field parameter configuration setup module 305.
Field parameter configuration setup module 305 is used for each field supported for question answering system, collects predetermined quantity The INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field;And it for each INQUIRE statement collected, determines to answer the inquiry needed for the INQUIRE statement After asking information, for each inquiry message determined, the information type of the inquiry message is determined;And the info class that will be determined Information type of the type involved by as the INQUIRE statement;The letter that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly Breath type is determined as and information type included in the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field.Wherein, field parameter configuration The information type for the inquiry message that setup module 305 is determined can include:Date-time type, place name type, are enumerated numeric type Type, eigenmode, community information type etc..
For example, for each field, field parameter configuration setup module 305 can be in each inquiry language for collection Sentence, is determined after answering the inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement, for each inquiry message determined, if the inquiry message Value it is identical with the list class keywords in the pre-set field, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is enumerates Type.If the value of the inquiry message is identical with the place name recorded in place name type corresponding ground list of file names, i.e. the inquiry message Specific value has been related to the information of place names such as national city, then the information type that can determine the inquiry message is place name type.If The value of the inquiry message is identical with the community information recorded in the corresponding community list of information of community information type, then may be used To determine the information type of the inquiry message as community information type.If the ASCII character of the inquiry message is in digital ASCII character model In enclosing, then the information type that can determine the inquiry message is numeric type.If the value of the inquiry message and date-time type phase The keyword recorded in corresponding date-time list is identical, then the information type that can determine the inquiry message is date-time Type.Further, after the information type for determining inquiry message is numeric type, the inquiry of the numeric type can also be determined whether Ask whether the value of information meets the form of date-time type, if so, the information type that can determine the inquiry message is day Phase time type;Similarly, it can determine whether the value of the inquiry message of the numeric type meets the regular expression of setting, If so, the information type that can determine the inquiry message is eigenmode.
More preferably, the inquiry message abstraction module 303 in the embodiment of the present invention is additionally operable to be directed to and be added by field parameter configuration Each information type in the field parameter configuration that module 302 loads is carried, if not being drawn into this from the INQUIRE statement of reception The inquiry message of information type can then be recorded the information type as information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement. In this way, correspondingly, which can also include:Inquiry message complementary module 306.
Wherein, inquiry message complementary module 306 is used to obtain the inquiry language of the reception of the record of inquiry message abstraction module 303 Information type lacking in sentence, and can be believed according to lacking in the INQUIRE statement that inquiry message abstraction module 303 is recorded Type is ceased, the prompt message of supplement INQUIRE statement is returned to user;And in the supplement for receiving user and being sent according to prompt message After information, for each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement, in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out from side information, and the inquiry message of extraction is sent to the inquiry and is believed Cease abstraction module.
As a kind of more preferably embodiment, field parameter configuration setup module 306 is additionally operable to for the question answering system institute The each field supported sets the inquiry message with acquiescence value, and determines that this has the inquiry message of acquiescence value Information type.In this way, inquiry message complementary module 306 can obtain the inquiry for the reception that inquiry message abstraction module 303 records After asking information type lacking in sentence, for each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement of acquisition, if further Judge the info class that the information type lacked is the inquiry message with acquiescence value being arranged in the field parameter configuration Type, then can be using the acquiescence value as the value of the inquiry message of the information type extracted, and by the information of record Type is deleted.In this way, question answering system can subtract just without returning to prompt message for the inquiry message for having acquiescence value again The number of prompt message is returned less, improves the efficiency that question answering system provides answer.
More preferably, field parameter configuration setup module 306 can be also used for each neck supported for the question answering system Domain sets corresponding dependency attribute for the inquiry message of each information type involved by the field.In this way, inquiry message Each information type of the abstraction module 303 in the field parameter configuration for loading, with the corresponding letter of the information type It, can also be further according to the info class after breath extraction mode extracts the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement The dependency attribute of the inquiry message of type determines the inquiry message for having dependence with the inquiry message of the information type And its information type;And it is inquired in a manner of the corresponding information extraction of the information type with determining from the INQUIRE statement The extraction of information.In this way, answer system can be caused to be provided according to more inquiry messages, more complete, accuracy is higher It answers.
In technical scheme, after the affiliated field of INQUIRE statement is determined, question answering system can load with The corresponding field parameter configuration in the field;Then, for pre-stored each info class in the field parameter configuration of loading Type can transfer the pre-set and corresponding information extraction mode of the information type, the information is carried out to the INQUIRE statement The extraction of the inquiry message of type;And found out from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse of the field parameter configuration of loading with The content that all inquiry messages extracted match, the answer as the INQUIRE statement.In this way, due to for belonging to different necks The INQUIRE statement in domain, may be employed same information extraction mode carry out identical information type inquiry message extraction and place Manage boot flow.Therefore, question answering system need to only be directed to the field and carry out per a kind of branched question and answer query service request for holding field The setting of field parameter configuration without being directed to the newly-increased field again fill with the newly-increased corresponding question and answer processing in field The exploitation put, substantially reduces the construction cycle, improves the field scalability of question answering system.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that implement the method for the above embodiments be can be with Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by program, which can be stored in computer read/write memory medium, such as:ROM/ RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc..
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of question and answer processing method of question answering system, which is characterized in that including:
Question answering system determines the field belonging to the INQUIRE statement after the INQUIRE statement of user's transmission is received, and load with The corresponding field parameter configuration in the field;
For each information type in the field parameter configuration of loading, in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out from the INQUIRE statement;
The value phase with all inquiry messages extracted is found out from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse in the field The content matched somebody with somebody, the answer as the INQUIRE statement are returned;
Wherein, described with the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field is pre-set:
Collect the INQUIRE statement for belonging to the field of predetermined quantity;And
It for each INQUIRE statement of collection, determines after answering the inquiry message needed for the INQUIRE statement, is determined for each The inquiry message gone out determines the information type of the inquiry message;And using the information type determined as involved by the INQUIRE statement And information type;
The information type that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly is determined as corresponding with the field Information type included in the parameter configuration of field.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described with the corresponding information extraction side of the information type After formula carries out the extraction of the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement, further include:
If not extracting the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement, using the information type as the inquiry language Information type lacking in sentence is recorded;And
It is found out and all inquiries extracted from the corresponding domain knowledge data storehouse of the field parameter configuration described Before asking the content that the value of information matches, further include:
If record has information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement, the question answering system is lacked according to the INQUIRE statement of record Few information type returns to the prompt message of supplement INQUIRE statement to the user;And user is being received according to the prompting After the side information that information is sent, for each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement, with corresponding with the information type Information extraction mode carried out from the side information information type inquiry message extraction.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that lacked in the question answering system according to the INQUIRE statement of record Few information type before the prompt message for supplementing INQUIRE statement is returned to the user, further includes:
For each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record, if determining whether out, the information type is disposed on The information type of the inquiry message with acquiescence value in the field parameter configuration, then using the acquiescence value as extracting The information type inquiry message value, and the information type of record is deleted.
4. the method as described in claim 1-3 is any, which is characterized in that the information type of the inquiry message includes:Date Time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, eigenmode, community information type;And
It is described for each inquiry message determined, determine the information type of the inquiry message, specifically include:
For each inquiry message determined, if existing and the inquiry message in the lists of keywords in the pre-set field The identical keyword of value, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is enumerated;
If the value of the inquiry message is identical with the place name recorded in the place name type corresponding ground list of file names, it is determined that the inquiry The information type for asking information is place name type;
If the value of the inquiry message and the community information phase recorded in the corresponding community list of information of community information type Together, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is community information type;
If the ASCII character of the inquiry message is in the range of digital ASCII character, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is number Value type;And the value of the inquiry message in numeric type further determines that the inquiry message when meeting the form of date-time type Information type is date-time type;When the value of the inquiry message of numeric type meets the regular expression of setting, further really The information type of the fixed inquiry message is eigenmode.
5. a kind of question answering system, which is characterized in that including:
Fields determining module, for question answering system receive user transmission INQUIRE statement after, determine the inquiry language Field belonging to sentence;
Field parameter configuration load-on module, for the field determined according to the fields determining module, loading and the neck The corresponding field parameter configuration in domain;
Inquiry message abstraction module, for the field parameter configuration loaded according to the field parameter configuration load-on module, for Each information type in the field parameter configuration, from the inquiry language in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type is carried out in sentence;
INQUIRE statement response means for the field determined according to the fields determining module, determine that the field is opposite The domain knowledge data storehouse answered;And the value of the inquiry message extracted according to the inquiry message abstraction module, from definite The content to match is found out in domain knowledge data storehouse, the answer as the INQUIRE statement is returned;
Field parameter configuration setup module for being directed to each field that the question answering system is supported, collects predetermined quantity Belong to the INQUIRE statement in the field;And it for each INQUIRE statement collected, determines to answer the inquiry needed for the INQUIRE statement After information, for each inquiry message determined, the information type of the inquiry message is determined;And the information type that will be determined As the information type involved by the INQUIRE statement;The information that all INQUIRE statements for belonging to the field of collection are related to jointly Type is determined as and information type included in the corresponding field parameter configuration in the field.
6. system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that further include:Inquiry message complementary module;
The inquiry message abstraction module is additionally operable to be directed to is matched somebody with somebody by the field parameter of field parameter configuration load-on module loading Each information type in putting, if not extracting the inquiry message of the information type from the INQUIRE statement, this is believed Breath type is recorded as information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement;And
The inquiry message complementary module, the INQUIRE statement for obtaining the inquiry message abstraction module record are lacked Information type, and according to lacking in the INQUIRE statement of record information type to the user return supplement INQUIRE statement Prompt message;And after the side information that the user sends according to the prompt message is received, for the inquiry language Each information type lacking in sentence, carries out in a manner of with the corresponding information extraction of the information type from the side information The extraction of the inquiry message of the information type, and the inquiry message of extraction is sent to the inquiry message abstraction module.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that
The inquiry message complementary module is additionally operable in the inquiry language for obtaining the inquiry message abstraction module record After information type lacking in sentence, for each information type lacking in the INQUIRE statement of acquisition, if determining whether out The information type is disposed on the information type of the inquiry message with acquiescence value in the field parameter configuration, then should Give tacit consent to value of the value as the inquiry message of the information type extracted, and the information type of record is deleted.
8. the system as described in claim 5-7 is any, which is characterized in that the information type of the inquiry message includes:Date Time type, place name type, numeric type, enumerated, eigenmode, community information type;And
The field parameter configuration setup module is specifically used for, in each INQUIRE statement for collection, determining to answer the inquiry After inquiry message needed for sentence, for each inquiry message determined, if the lists of keywords in the pre-set field It is middle to there is the keyword identical with the value of the inquiry message, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is enumerated;It if should The value of inquiry message is identical with the place name recorded in the place name type corresponding ground list of file names, it is determined that the inquiry message Information type is place name type;If the value of the inquiry message in the corresponding community list of information of community information type with recording Community information it is identical, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message be community information type;If at the ASCII character of the inquiry message In the range of digital ASCII character, it is determined that the information type of the inquiry message is numeric type;And in the inquiry message of numeric type When value meets the form of date-time type, the information type for further determining that the inquiry message is date-time type;In numerical value When the value of the inquiry message of type meets the regular expression of setting, the information type for further determining that the inquiry message is canonical Type.
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