CN103901471A - Method for recovering depositional sequence prototype section - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for recovering a depositional sequence prototype section. Through sectional line drawing, splicing and combing of seismic reflection lineups, an upper super layer or a filling and supplementing interface serves as a horizontal reference layer, depositional environment information obtained by analyzing seismic facies is combined, and the continuing trend of a line drawn stratum is adopted, so that a depositional sequence is recovered to be at the depositional stage state. Through the sectional line drawing, splicing and combing of the seismic reflection lineups, namely reassembly, the sequence prototype section technology is obtained and named as the depositional sequence prototype section recovering technology through the seismic line drawing method. Through recovery of the depositional sequence prototype, the display degree of seismic data is improved greatly through arrangement of the stratum structure, the internal structure of a depositional system is clearer, and content needing displaying is more prominent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic structure studying technological domain, relate in particular to a kind of method of recovering sequence of sedimentation original shape section.
Background technology
Based On Sequence Stratigraphic Theory is the new branch of science being born the eighties in 20th century, is described as and learns for the second time revolution (for the first time for plate tectonic theory is born).It mainly studies stratal configuration and relation between phase and phase in age sequence frame, as the basic methods of oil-gas exploration, has been widely used in oil-gas exploration, especially aspect oil and gas reservoir prediction.
In research in the past, in this age sequence frame, stratal configuration and relation research between phase and phase, mainly show by unstrained shallow seismic profile or local earthquake's section.Sequence of sedimentation for most of buried depths in mid-deep strata, due to later structural deformation (as tomography and folding), the palaeogeomorphology of the sedimentary environment of reflection sequence of sedimentation developmental stage, mode and structure (as distinctive marks such as decline foresets) are piled up in the stratum that reflection reference field changes, and the genetic relationship (as the relationship of delta and Deep-Water Fan) of the sedimentary system of contemporaneity deposition all may suffer damage in various degree, or make can only see Partial Feature on small scale section because of pendage deformation, and do not see whole facial features of the inner stratal configuration of Chu sequence of sedimentation, thereby affect stratal configuration, pile up mode, sedimentary system association, the correct judgement of Sequence Stratigraphic Units (rank).If " damage " sequence of sedimentation is returned to depositional stage form, in sequence frame, stratal configuration and relation research between phase and phase will become and is more prone to more comprehensive when SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC etc. so, because the sequence of sedimentation that Basin Developing different phase is grown, in it, curtain structure has very big-difference.That is to say, in the sequence of buried depth in mid-deep strata there is very big-difference in the interior curtain structure itself of curtain structure and middle-shallow layer sequence.
The method that sequence of sedimentation can be returned at present to depositional stage form mainly contains two kinds:
One be according to appearing, drilling well and seismic data comprehensively analyze, and proposes the SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC section of a depositional stage form.But, the SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC structural profile that the method (according to appearing, drilling well and Seismic Interpretation refine) obtains is a kind of type section of illustrative nature, " refinement " is not a technology, because be object with " raising data show degree ", method and technology has nothing to do.
Another kind is a technology in the seismic interpretation professional software (as GEOFRAME, LANDMARK etc.) of international oil gas exploration giant exploitation, i.e. flattening technology.By filling up the flattening of aspect on seismic section, can show the depositional stage form of part sequence of sedimentation under this aspect, comprise the inner stratal configuration of palaeogeomorphology and sequence and relation between phase and phase.But, one of flattening Technology Need in the method is filled up aspect, if stratum is cut by tomography, or invaded by volcano or have a transformation such as mobile geodetic deformation, differential compaction deformation, although also can roughly show depositional stage form palaeogeomorphology by the flattening of filling and leading up the neat layer of cloth, but stratal configuration is entanglement, cannot show stratal configuration.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of recovering sequence of sedimentation original shape section, be intended to solve the problem of buried depth in the impaired SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC structure observation of mid-deep strata difficulty.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of recovering sequence of sedimentation original shape section, comprises the following steps:
Select typical earthquake section;
After the stratum of tomography both sides is separated to line drawing, bundled, the fold deformation that occurs after deposition, by the elimination of segmentation line drawing method, or is evened up after elimination to line drawing again by segmented layer;
By displacement and the rotation of the segmentation line drawing reflection wave groups that bundlees, the reflection wave groups segmentation of being staggered by tomography is docked;
According to recovering palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency.
Preferably, described according to recovering also to comprise step after palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency:
Calculate palaeogeomorphology parameter with the coordinate that quantizes of sequence of sedimentation original shape section, after checking every investigation index up to standard, obtain sequence of sedimentation original shape and recover section.
Preferably, the described coordinate that quantizes with sequence of sedimentation original shape section calculates palaeogeomorphology parameter, after checking every investigation index up to standard, obtains sequence of sedimentation original shape recovery section and also comprises step afterwards:
While checking every investigation index not up to standard, stratum continuity trend between the horizontal reference layer of palaeogeomorphology recovery and different reference layer is checked, check find wrong after amendment inspection again, until every investigation index up to standard after, obtain sequence of sedimentation original shape and recover section.
Preferably, described selection typical earthquake section comprises the following steps: on seismic stratigraphic interpretation basis, basin, avoid strongly constructing deformed belt, select the typical earthquake section that stratum is complete, phenomenon is abundant, if the section of selecting is to be spliced by many sections, keep the polarity of splicing section consistent.
Preferably, described line drawing comprises the following steps:
Represent amplitude power with line weight, represent the continuity of lineups with dotted line and solid line, represent that with different arrows dissimilar reflection stops;
Relation while representing waiting of same time deposition of reflective layer with different colours, or one group of reflection wave with the identical origin cause of formation
Select crest or trough line drawing, or crest and trough line drawing simultaneously;
To crest and trough line drawing simultaneously for the meticulous recovery of vast scale size, at the meticulous recovery line drawing prominent reflector of small scale size to show its basin stratal configuration.
Preferably, describedly comprise the following steps according to recovering palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency:
At least one that more than cover in parallel continuous reflection layer, delta plain and the shallow-sea facies ash rock stratum of the aspect of filling up, continental shelf and Vlei environment deposition is nearly horizontal reference layer, the gradient on slope according to the upper super layer on slope or on cover the stratum of filling up and determine, stratum therebetween connects according to stratum continuity trend, and the judgement of described continuity trend is based upon on the comprehensive analysis foundation of stratum, structure and deposition.
Preferably, described every investigation index comprises: whether seismic reflection termination or stratal configuration identification is accurate; Deng time relation combing whether accurate; Whether the statement of mode is piled up on stratum accurate; Whether seismic reflection attribute is portrayed reasonable; Whether palaeogeomorphology is portrayed accurate; The ancient depth of water on different sequence of sedimentation original shape section intersection points and all interfaces whether closed, the sedimentary facies of stratal configuration and explanation whether consistent; Whether ancient bathymetric data and existing understanding, " the ancient depth of water " that obtains with drilling data is identical.
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of recovering sequence of sedimentation original shape section is provided, by segmentation line drawing, splicing and the combing of seismic reflection lineups, and above super layer or to fill up interface be horizontal reference layer, the sedimentary environment information that seismic phase analysis draws in combination, and by the continuity trend on line drawing stratum, sequence of sedimentation is returned to depositional stage form.Thisly obtain sequence original shape section technology by seismic event line drawing, combing and " re-assemblying " and be called earthquake line drawing method and recover sequence of sedimentation original shape section technology.
The present invention recovers by sequence of sedimentation original shape, can greatly improve seismic data display degree, concrete manifestation in the following areas: (a) eliminate the later structural impacts such as tomography, fold, volcano intrusion; (b) eliminate repeatedly, the interference wave such as section ripple; (c) outstanding earthquake reflective marker relevant to unconformity surface (as above super, lower super, toplap, cut cut, from super), interior curtain structure (deposit and arrange in order, pile up mode, the relationship of delta and Deep-Water Fan); (d) show palaeogeomorphology, sedimentary environment, distribute mutually; (e) very under small scale condition, showing complete sequence stratigraphic framework.
The present invention makes the interior curtain structure of stratum or sedimentary system clearer by earthquake line drawing, needs the content of displaying more outstanding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps that the present invention recovers method one embodiment of sequence of sedimentation original shape section;
Fig. 2 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, earthquake line drawing method is recovered sequence of sedimentation original shape section process flow diagram; Wherein, figure a – seismic section is selected; Figure b – segmentation line drawing; Figure c – goes to dock after tomography; Figure d – palaeogeomorphology recovers; Figure e – palaeogeomorphology calculation of parameter.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1～2, wherein, Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps that the present invention recovers method one embodiment of sequence of sedimentation original shape section; Fig. 2 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, earthquake line drawing method is recovered sequence of sedimentation original shape section process flow diagram.
A method of recovering sequence of sedimentation original shape section, comprises the following steps:
S1, selection typical earthquake section;
In step S1, on seismic stratigraphic interpretation basis, basin, (Fig. 2 a), avoids the strong structure such as the major fault zone of fracture, volcano intrusive body deformed belt as far as possible, selects the typical earthquake section that stratum is complete, phenomenon is abundant.If the section of selecting is to be spliced by many sections, the polarity of splicing section must be consistent.
S2, bundled after the stratum of tomography both sides is separated to line drawing, the fold deformation occurring after deposition, by the elimination of segmentation line drawing method, or is evened up after elimination to line drawing again by segmented layer;
In step S2, the stratum of tomography both sides will separate line drawing, is bundled, so that global displacement and rotation after line drawing.The fold deformation occurring after deposition, can be by segmentation line drawing method elimination, also can even up after elimination line drawing again by segmented layer.
The item that segmentation line drawing should be noted comprises: (a) doing before segmentation line drawing, must accurately explain tomography, accurately identification multiple reflection and section ripple, be correctly familiar with the impact of fault fractured zone on reflection wave continuity and amplitude, in order to avoid tectonic information is interpreted as sedimentary information by mistake; (b) the outstanding information relevant to SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC structure, as reflection stop (upper super, lower super, toplap, cut cut, from surpassing, interior convergence), oblique reflection horizon (Fig. 2 a, 2b) etc., these information may be very weak or very hidden on common seismic section; (c) the non-deposition interface reflection horizon such as section ripple, interference wave, does not do line drawing.
The concrete operation method of segmentation line drawing is: (a) represent amplitude power with line weight, represent the continuity of lineups with dotted line and solid line, represent that with different arrows dissimilar reflection stops; (b) relation while representing waiting of same time deposition of reflective layer with different colours, or one group of reflection wave with the identical origin cause of formation (Fig. 2 a); (c) can select crest or trough line drawing, or crest and trough line drawing simultaneously.The meticulous recovery of large scale (subsequence group rank) needs crest and trough line drawing simultaneously.On the contrary, engineer's scale very little (if each lineups line drawing, stratal configuration does not just see Chu), earthquake line drawing is just when showing stratal configuration, also can a line drawing prominent reflector, to reach the object of showing basin stratal configuration in small scale section.
Displacement and the rotation of S3, the segmentation line drawing reflection wave groups of getting well by binding, dock the reflection wave groups segmentation of being staggered by tomography;
In step S3, by displacement and the rotation of the segmentation line drawing reflection wave groups that bundlees, the reflection wave groups being staggered is docked to (Fig. 2 c) by tomography.The docking of tomography both sides line drawing layer arranges process, is a carding process to each lineups, is also high-precision seismic stratigraphic interpretation process.In this process, can find the not detectable information of common seismic explanation, seismic reflection termination as very weak in some, reflection configuration etc.
S4, according to recovering palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency.
In step S4, palaeogeomorphology recovers use impression method conventionally, covers the aspect of filling up as horizontal reference layer above.In addition, the parallel continuous reflection layer of marine shelf environments deposition, delta plain and shallow-sea facies ash rock stratum etc., be also that (Fig. 2 is d) for available nearly horizontal reference layer.Mainly according to the upper super layer on slope, (Fig. 2 b) (or on cover the stratum of filling up) determines the gradient on slope, but will note also there is certain slope by upper super sedimentary deposit itself, (Fig. 2 b).Nearly horizontal reference layer can have a lot of, and (d), stratum therebetween can connect according to stratum continuity trend Fig. 2, and the judgement of continuity trend must be based upon on the comprehensive analysis foundation of stratum, structure and deposition can to select multiple reference layer to do segmentation recovery.
In further implementation process, more accurate in order to make to recover sequence of sedimentation original shape section, in embodiments of the present invention, after above-mentioned steps S4, also comprise:
S5, calculate palaeogeomorphology parameter with the coordinate that quantizes of sequence of sedimentation original shape section, after checking every investigation index up to standard, obtain sequence of sedimentation original shape and recover section;
In step S5, whether up to standard sequence of sedimentation original shape recovers and mainly investigates by following index: whether (a) seismic reflection stops (or stratal configuration) identification accurate; Etc. (b) whether the combing of relation time (deposition order, relation delta separates waiting of lithosomic body during with Deep-Water Fan) is accurate; (c) whether the statement of mode (comprise and move back long-pending, accretion, foreset) is piled up on stratum accurate; (d) seismic reflection attribute (amplitude, frequency, continuity) portray whether reasonable; (e) palaeogeomorphology (the ancient depth of water, the gradient, rupture point etc.) portray whether accurate; (f) whether the ancient depth of water on different sequence of sedimentation original shape section intersection points and all interfaces is closed, the sedimentary facies of stratal configuration and explanation whether consistent; (g) whether ancient bathymetric data and existing understanding, coincide with " the ancient depth of water " that drilling data (as sedimentary structure, mineral, extinct plants and animal) obtains.
In above-mentioned 7 indexs first 4 (stratal configuration of reflection sequence inside of a～d) and relations between phase and phase; Whether the 5th (e) reflection sequence of sedimentation returns to the deposition form in period exactly, is the key index of examination; The 6th (f) is from checking, and the 7th (g) is its checking.
S6, while checking every investigation index not up to standard, stratum continuity trend between the horizontal reference layer of palaeogeomorphology recovery and different reference layer is checked, check find wrong after amendment inspection again, until every investigation index up to standard after, obtain sequence of sedimentation original shape and recover section.
In step S6, when palaeogeomorphology or sedimentary environment that in basin, different sequence of sedimentation original shape sections draw contradictory each other, or while disagreeing with drilling data (or existing understanding), should do detailed check to the stratum continuity trend between the horizontal reference layer of palaeogeomorphology recovery and different reference layer.If find mistake after check, must make an amendment.
Compare and the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention recovers by sequence of sedimentation original shape, can greatly improve seismic data display degree, concrete manifestation in the following areas: (a) eliminate the later structural impacts such as tomography, fold, volcano intrusion; (b) eliminate repeatedly, the interference wave such as section ripple; (c) outstanding earthquake reflective marker relevant to unconformity surface (as above super, lower super, toplap, cut cut, from super), interior curtain structure (deposit and arrange in order, pile up mode, the relationship of delta and Deep-Water Fan); (d) show palaeogeomorphology, sedimentary environment, distribute mutually; (e) very under small scale condition, showing complete sequence stratigraphic framework.
(2) the present invention, by earthquake line drawing or outcrop profile line drawing, makes the interior curtain structure of stratum or sedimentary system clearer, needs the content of displaying more outstanding.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. recover a method for sequence of sedimentation original shape section, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Select typical earthquake section;
After the stratum of tomography both sides is separated to line drawing, bundled, the fold deformation that occurs after deposition, by the elimination of segmentation line drawing method, or is evened up after elimination to line drawing again by segmented layer;
By displacement and the rotation of the segmentation line drawing reflection wave groups that bundlees, the reflection wave groups segmentation of being staggered by tomography is docked;
According to recovering palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency.
2. the method for recovery sequence of sedimentation original shape section as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described according to recovering also to comprise step after palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency:
Calculate palaeogeomorphology parameter with the coordinate that quantizes of sequence of sedimentation original shape section, after checking every investigation index up to standard, obtain sequence of sedimentation original shape and recover section.
3. the method for recovery sequence of sedimentation original shape section as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described coordinate that quantizes with sequence of sedimentation original shape section calculates palaeogeomorphology parameter, after checking every investigation index up to standard, obtains sequence of sedimentation original shape recovery section and also comprises step afterwards:
While checking every investigation index not up to standard, stratum continuity trend between the horizontal reference layer of palaeogeomorphology recovery and different reference layer is checked, check find wrong after amendment inspection again, until every investigation index up to standard after, obtain sequence of sedimentation original shape and recover section.
4. the method for recovery sequence of sedimentation original shape section as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described selection typical earthquake section comprises the following steps: on seismic stratigraphic interpretation basis, basin, avoid strongly constructing deformed belt, select the typical earthquake section that stratum is complete, phenomenon is abundant, if the section of selecting is to be spliced by many sections, keep the polarity of splicing section consistent.
5. the method for recovery sequence of sedimentation original shape section as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described line drawing comprises the following steps:
Represent amplitude power with line weight, represent the continuity of lineups with dotted line and solid line, represent that with different arrows dissimilar reflection stops;
Relation while representing waiting of same time deposition of reflective layer with different colours, or one group of reflection wave with the identical origin cause of formation;
Select crest or trough line drawing, or crest and trough line drawing simultaneously;
To crest and trough line drawing simultaneously for the meticulous recovery of vast scale size, at the meticulous recovery line drawing prominent reflector of small scale size to show its basin stratal configuration.
6. the method for recovery sequence of sedimentation original shape section as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly comprises the following steps according to recovering palaeogeomorphology after horizontal reference layer or the general assembly of sedimentary environment variation tendency:
At least one that more than cover in parallel continuous reflection layer, delta plain and the shallow-sea facies ash rock stratum of the aspect of filling up, continental shelf or Vlei environment deposition is nearly horizontal reference layer, the gradient on slope according to the upper super layer on slope or on cover the stratum of filling up and determine, stratum therebetween connects according to stratum continuity trend, and the judgement of described continuity trend is based upon on the comprehensive analysis foundation of stratum, structure and deposition.
7. the method for recovery sequence of sedimentation original shape section as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described every investigation index comprises: whether seismic reflection termination or stratal configuration identification is accurate; Deng time relation combing whether accurate; Whether the statement of mode is piled up on stratum accurate; Whether seismic reflection attribute is portrayed reasonable; Whether palaeogeomorphology is portrayed accurate; The ancient depth of water on different sequence of sedimentation original shape section intersection points and all interfaces whether closed, the sedimentary facies of stratal configuration and explanation whether consistent; Whether ancient bathymetric data and existing understanding, " the ancient depth of water " that obtains with drilling data is identical.
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| CN111983678A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-24 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Method for rapidly evaluating development potential of deepwater sand body |
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| CN106154316A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-11-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Landform restoration method and device |
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| CN105652341A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Rapid quantitative ancient landform restoration method considering ancient structure influence |
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| CN105740574B (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2019-02-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of ancient landform section restoration methods |
| CN105740574A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Palaeo-geomorphic cross section recovery method |
| CN109143399A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A method of identification carbonate rock sequence interface |
| CN110275210A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of recognition methods of the sedimentary micro facies model of carbonate rock high frequency sequence screen work |
| CN110441814A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-12 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Seismic profile iteration flattening method for Deep Water Basins |
| CN110441814B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-06-29 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Seismic profile iteration layer flattening method for deep water basin |
| CN111766630A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-13 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Restoration method for ancient landform of basin |
| CN111983678A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-24 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Method for rapidly evaluating development potential of deepwater sand body |
| CN111983678B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2024-02-23 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Method for rapidly evaluating development potential of deep water sand body |
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