CN103901366A - Device and method for measuring large-grain block high-temperature superconductor and combination trapped magnetic field of large-grain block high-temperature superconductor - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring large-grain block high-temperature superconductor and combination trapped magnetic field of large-grain block high-temperature superconductor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Provided is a device for measuring a large-grain block high-temperature superconductor and the combination trapped magnetic field of the large-grain block high-temperature superconductor. The device comprises a machine frame, a moving and rotating mechanism, a control and data collecting unit, a low-temperature sample container, and a magnetic field scanning measuring element. A vertical moving mechanism is fixed on a machine frame. The magnetic field scanning measuring element is fixed on the vertical moving mechanism. A horizontal moving mechanism is placed below the vertical moving mechanism. A rotating mechanism is fixed on the horizontal moving mechanism. The low-temperature sample container is fixed on the rotating mechanism. The invention further discloses a method for measuring the trapped magnetic field through the device. By driving the vertical moving mechanism, the distance between the magnetic field scanning measuring element and a superconduction sample is determined; the horizontal moving mechanism is controlled, and the sample moves horizontally relative to a Hall element; a tested zone is selected by controlling a rotating motor in a rotating mode; the coordinate value in the horizontal direction and testing data of the Hall element are collected; and pattern construction is carried out through the collected data, and trapped field data of the superconduction sample and a magnetic field distribution pattern can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Simple measurement device of the block high-temperature superconductor of the large crystal grain of a kind of abnormity and combination superconductor Trapped field.
Background technology
Perfect diamagnetism and zero resistance effect are the principal characters of superconductor.In the time that a superconduction is in external magnetic field, due to the effect of diamagnetism and flux pinning effect, will induce bucking current in superconductor inside, again due to due to zero resistance effect, bucking current is decay in time hardly.The magnetic field and the external magnetic field that in superconducting sample, continue mobile bucking current generation interact, thereby produce super-conductive magnetic suspension phenomenon.There is potential using value taking super-conductive magnetic suspension phenomenon as basic super-conductive magnetic suspension technology at numerous areas such as the energy (flywheel energy storage), traffic (magnetic floats car), mechanical industries (frictionless bearing).
Trapped field is the important parameter that superconductor is applied on magnetic levitation technology.Not only can judge whether single domain of superconduction block material, also can calculate its magnetic buoyancy performance, even can simply infer to the degree of the inherent vice of superconduction block material that the magnetic field homogeneity scanner uni DATA REASONING of combination superconductor is had to reference value more to practical application.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the measurement mechanism of the block high-temperature superconductor of the large crystal grain of a kind of abnormity and combination superconductor Trapped field.For in the situation that not destroying sample, the magnetic field homogeneity of monolithic abnormity bulk Trapped Field characteristic or combination superconductor being carried out to scanning survey, thereby the quality to bulk or engineering application performance are evaluated.
For achieving the above object, the present invention includes following technical scheme:
The block high-temperature superconductor of large crystal grain and combination Trapped field measurement mechanism thereof, comprise frame 1, vertical movement mechanism 2, and two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3, controls and data acquisition unit 4 low temperature sampling receptacle 5, field scan measuring sensor 7 and rotating mechanism 8;
This vertical movement mechanism 2 is fixed in frame 1, magnetizes and is fixed in this vertical movement mechanism 2 with magnet 6 or field scan measuring sensor 7;
This two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3 is fixed in frame 1, and is positioned at the below of vertical movement mechanism 2; Rotating mechanism 8 is fixed in this two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3, and low temperature sampling receptacle 5 is fixed on this rotating mechanism 8;
This vertical movement mechanism 2, two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3, rotating mechanism 8 and field scan measuring sensor 7 are connected with control and data acquisition unit 4 respectively.
Device as above, is characterized in that, described vertical movement mechanism 2 is made up of stepper motor 21, precision ball screw 22 and the guide pillar 23 with slide-and-guide groove; These precision ball screw 22 one end connect stepper motor 21, and the other end connects this and magnetizes with magnet 6 or field scan measuring sensor 7; This stepper motor 21 is connected with described control and data acquisition unit 4 respectively with precision ball screw 22.
Device as above, is characterized in that, described rotating mechanism 8 forms by controlling rotating stepper motor 81, precision ball screw 82 and rotating shaft 83; Precision ball screw 82 is connected control rotating stepper motor 81 with rotating shaft 83; These rotating shaft 83 bottoms are arranged on to be controlled on rotating stepper motor 81, and its top is fixedly connected with low temperature sampling receptacle 5; This control rotating stepper motor 81 is connected with described control and data acquisition unit 4 respectively with precision ball screw 82.
Device as above, is characterized in that, described two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3 is made up of the first guide pillar 36 and second guide pillar 37 with slide-and-guide groove, and two guide pillars are mutually vertical; The first stepper motor 32 and the first precision ball screw 34 are set on this first guide pillar 36; The second stepper motor 33 and the second precision ball screw 35 are set on this second guide pillar 37; Controlling rotating stepper motor 81 is fixed on the first guide pillar 36, be connected with the first precision ball screw 34, the other end of this precision ball screw 34 connects the first stepper motor 32, drawn by this precision ball screw 34, control rotating stepper motor 81 and drive thus low temperature sampling receptacle 5 to move horizontally along this first guide pillar 36; This first guide pillar 36 connects the second precision ball screw 35, and the other end of this second precision ball screw 35 connects the second stepper motor 33, is drawn by this second precision ball screw 35, and the first guide pillar 36 moves horizontally along this second guide pillar 37.
Device as above, is characterized in that, described control and data acquisition unit 4 comprise driving and the control module of displacement measurement unit, output signal collection and display unit and single unit system.
Device as above, is characterized in that, described field scan measuring sensor 7 is low temperature hall probe or array.
Device as above, is characterized in that, the maximum horizontal sweep limit of described device is 150mm × 150mm, and vertical displacement is 100mm, and minimum stepper distances is 25 microns, and minimum rotation angle is 0.028 degree.
On the other hand, the invention provides a kind of method of measuring the block high-temperature superconductor of large crystal grain and combination Trapped field thereof, comprise the steps:
A. apply device as above, magnetize after first superconductor to be measured being cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature, and be fixed in the low temperature sampling receptacle 5 that fills liquid nitrogen, this low temperature sampling receptacle 5 is fixed on rotating stepper motor 81; In measuring process, remain liquid nitrogen temperature;
B. field scan measuring sensor 7 is fixed in vertical movement mechanism 2 to the distance of determining between field scan measuring sensor 7 and superconductor by Driving Stepping Motor 21;
C. control the stepper motor 32,33 in two-dimensional level travel mechanism and control rotating stepper motor 81, making superconductor relative to moving horizontally and rotate with field scan measuring sensor 7; The step pitch and the rotational angle that drive screw mandrel to move according to size setting scanning area and the stepper motor of sample, select tested region by the rotation of controlling electric rotating machine;
D. gather the Trapped field measurement data of coordinate figure and the field scan measuring sensor of horizontal direction;
E. can obtain Trapped Field data and the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of superconducting sample with the data mapping collecting.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of method of measuring the block high-temperature superconductor of large crystal grain and aggregate surface magnetic field and Distribution of Magnetic Field, comprise the steps:
A. apply device as above, magnetize after first superconductor to be measured being cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature, and be fixed in the low temperature sampling receptacle 5 that fills liquid nitrogen, this low temperature sampling receptacle 5 is fixed on rotating stepper motor 81; In measuring process, remain liquid nitrogen temperature;
B. field scan measuring sensor 7 is fixed in vertical movement mechanism 2 to the distance of determining between field scan measuring sensor 7 and superconductor by Driving Stepping Motor 21;
C. control two stepper motors 32,33 and control rotating stepper motor 81, making superconductor relative to doing tangential movement and rotate with field scan measuring sensor 7; The step pitch and the rotational angle that drive screw mandrel to move according to size setting scanning area and the stepper motor of sample, select tested region by the rotation of controlling electric rotating machine;
D. gather the coordinate figure of horizontal direction and the Surface field of field scan measuring sensor and Distribution of Magnetic Field measurement data;
E. can obtain Surface field and the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of sample of magnetic material with the data mapping collecting.
Another aspect, the invention provides the measuring method of a kind of cryogenic superconductor Trapped field, Surface field or Distribution of Magnetic Field, except holding liquid hydrogen or liquid helium in described low temperature sampling receptacle 5, adopts the step identical with said method to measure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: device of the present invention can be realized and measures the Trapped field of special-shaped high-temperature superconducting block and sample is compared, and the Trapped Field after all right scanning survey superconduction block material combination after homogeneity and the combination in magnetic field distributes.This apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, and can ensure accuracy and the continuity of measuring process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of Trapped field measurement mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of two-dimensional level travel mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation magnetizing with combination magnet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The block high-temperature superconductor of the large crystal grain of embodiment 1 and combination Trapped field measurement mechanism thereof
As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises frame 1, vertical movement mechanism 2, and two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3, rotating mechanism 8, controls and data acquisition unit 4, low temperature sampling receptacle 5 and field scan measuring sensor 7.
Vertical movement mechanism 2 is fixed in frame 1, magnetizes and is fixed in this vertical movement mechanism 2 with magnet 6 or field scan measuring sensor 7.Two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3 is fixed in frame 1, and is positioned at the below of vertical movement mechanism 2.Rotating mechanism 8 is fixed in two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3, and low temperature sampling receptacle 5 is fixed on this rotating mechanism 8.Data acquisition unit 4 comprises driving and the control module of displacement measurement unit, output signal collection and display unit and single unit system.
Vertical movement mechanism 2 is made up of stepper motor 21, precision ball screw 22 and the guide pillar 23 with slide-and-guide groove.Precision ball screw 22 one end connect stepper motor 21, and the other end connects this and magnetizes with magnet 6 or field scan measuring sensor 7.Field scan measuring sensor 7 can be low temperature hall probe or array, uses low temperature hall probe in the present embodiment, and low temperature hall probe connects output signal collection and display unit.Driving and the control module of stepper motor 21 connecting overall devices, precision ball screw 22 connection bit shift measurement unit.
Rotating mechanism 8 forms by controlling rotating stepper motor 81, precision ball screw 82 and rotating shaft 83.Controlling rotating stepper motor 81 is fixed in two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3.Precision ball screw 82 is connected control rotating stepper motor 81 with rotating shaft 83.Rotating shaft 83 bottoms are arranged on to be controlled on rotating stepper motor 81, and its top is fixedly connected with low temperature sampling receptacle 5.Low temperature sampling receptacle 5 adopts with the canister of vacuum interlayer or nonmetallic materials and makes (as textolite or nylon), can keep for a long time liquid nitrogen.Superconducting sample is fixed on internal tank.Control driving and the control module of rotating stepper motor 81 connecting overall devices, precision ball screw 82 connection bit shift measurement unit.
As shown in Figure 2, two-dimensional level travel mechanism 3 is made up of the first guide pillar 36 and second guide pillar 37 with slide-and-guide groove, and two guide pillars are mutually vertical.The first stepper motor 32 and the first precision ball screw 34 are set on the first guide pillar 36.The second stepper motor 33 and the second precision ball screw 35 are set on the second guide pillar 37.Control rotating stepper motor 81 and be fixed on the first guide pillar 36, be connected with the first precision ball screw 34.The other end of precision ball screw 34 connects the first stepper motor 32, is drawn by this precision ball screw 34, controls rotating stepper motor 81 and drives thus low temperature sampling receptacle 5 to move horizontally along this first guide pillar 36.The other end that the first guide pillar 36 connects the second precision ball screw 35, the second precision ball screws 35 connects the second stepper motor 33, is drawn by this second precision ball screw 35, and the first guide pillar 36 moves horizontally along this second guide pillar 37.
Displacement measurement in this device does not use displacement transducer, but can use accurate displacement transducer to calibrate displacement data.The displacement measurement of three directions all coordinates by stepper motor and accurate ball screw, the rotational angle of sample is also controlled by stepper motor, can determine the distance (distance=screw lead of every action one step of stepper motor is multiplied by motor stepping angle divided by 360 degree) between magnet or Hall element and sample according to the helical pitch of the rotational angle of stepper motor and screw mandrel.Through processing and the accurate relative position of inferring sample and Hall element of feedback of data.
The maximum horizontal sweep limit of device is 150mm × 150mm, and vertical displacement is 100mm, and minimum stepper distances is 25 microns, and minimum rotation angle is 0.028 degree.
Output signal gathers display unit and utilizes Hall element that field signal is converted to electric signal, because the signal voltage value collecting in measuring process is fainter, is generally direct current mV level, and has other signal interference.For this signal is carried out to follow-up processing, first tackle and amplified 1000 times of left and right.Amplifying circuit requires have higher precision and sensitivity, and will filter undesired signal, could reflect truly like this variation of field signal.The present invention has designed the closed loop gain amplifying circuit of the Single-end output with difference input and relative reference end, input impedance > 1000M Ω, input current < 50nA, there is good common mode inhibition capacity simultaneously, can effectively process the signal drift existing in DC amplification circuit.Signals collecting is arrived processor by the follow-up A/D change-over circuit through 16, utilizes corresponding algorithm to carry out digital filtering, and the system that ensures like this has higher sensitivity and resolution.
Embodiment 2 measures Trapped field, Surface field and the Distribution of Magnetic Field of the block combination of large crystal grain high-temperature superconductor
Device in Application Example 1, measuring process is as follows:
1. after first superconductor to be measured being cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature, magnetize.
Superconductor to be measured is YBaCuO material, is combined into superconductor ring by eight arc superconduction block materials, the external diameter 62mm of magnet, internal diameter 40mm, height 16mm.
Magnetize and use magnet 6 for pure iron and neodymium iron boron combination magnet, as shown in Figure 3, press from both sides one deck pure iron II between upper and lower two-layer neodymium iron boron magnetic body I, the N utmost point of this two-layer neodymium iron boron magnetic body is oppositely arranged.
Low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is processed by textolite, and in order further to reduce the evaporation of liquid nitrogen, container inside lining has layer of polyethylene expanded material, connects between the two with low temperature is gluing.
The operation of magnetizing can adopt external magnetic field, drives to magnetize use magnet 6 and superconductor to approach in the present embodiment by vertical movement mechanism 2, and cooling superconductor magnetizes to superconductor to liquid nitrogen temperature.Stepper motor 21 drives leading screw that charged magnet 6 is moved up and down, and can determine the distance between charged magnet and sample according to the helical pitch of the rotational angle of stepper motor and screw mandrel.After magnetizing, superconductor to keep liquid nitrogen temperature, if temperature rising meeting exerts an influence to measurement result always.
2. field scan measuring sensor 7 being replaced magnetizes is fixed in vertical movement mechanism 2 with magnet 6, by driving the distance between the definite field scan measuring sensor 7 of stepper motor 21 and the superconducting sample of vertical movement mechanism 2.
3. control the stepper motor 32,33 in two-dimensional level travel mechanism and control rotating stepper motor 81, making superconductor relative to moving horizontally and rotate with field scan measuring sensor.The step pitch and the rotational angle that drive screw mandrel to move according to size setting scanning area and the stepper motor of sample, select tested region by the rotation of controlling rotating stepper motor 81.The minimum scanning area of Hall element is 0.01mm2, and magnetic-field measurement scope is ± 5T, working temperature 1.5-350K.
4. gather the coordinate figure of horizontal direction and the measurement data of field scan measuring sensor Trapped field, Surface field and Distribution of Magnetic Field;
5. can obtain Trapped Field data and the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of superconducting sample with the data mapping collecting.
Device of the present invention is also suitable for measuring special-shaped magnetic material Surface field and Distribution of Magnetic Field.
Low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is done to corresponding improvement, make it the temperature (as liquid hydrogen or liquid helium) that can keep lower, this device is also suitable for measuring magnetic field and the Distribution of Magnetic Field of other low temperature superconducting materials such as MgB2, NbTi and Nb3Sn.
Claims (10)
1. the block high-temperature superconductor of large crystal grain and combination Trapped field measurement mechanism thereof, it is characterized in that, this device comprises frame (1), vertical movement mechanism (2), two-dimensional level travel mechanism (3), control and data acquisition unit (4) low temperature sampling receptacle (5), field scan measuring sensor (7) and rotating mechanism (8);
It is upper that this vertical movement mechanism (2) is fixed on frame (1), magnetizes and be fixed in this vertical movement mechanism (2) with magnet (6) or field scan measuring sensor (7);
It is upper that this two-dimensional level travel mechanism (3) is fixed on frame (1), and be positioned at the below of vertical movement mechanism (2); It is upper that rotating mechanism (8) is fixed on this two-dimensional level travel mechanism (3), and low temperature sampling receptacle (5) is fixed on this rotating mechanism (8);
This vertical movement mechanism (2), two-dimensional level travel mechanism (3), rotating mechanism (8) and field scan measuring sensor (7) are connected with control and data acquisition unit (4) respectively.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described vertical movement mechanism (2) by stepper motor (21), precision ball screw (22) and have slide-and-guide groove guide pillar (23) form; This precision ball screw (22) one end connects stepper motor (21), and the other end connects this and magnetizes with magnet (6) or field scan measuring sensor (7); This stepper motor (21) is connected with described control and data acquisition unit (4) respectively with precision ball screw (22).
3. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotating mechanism (8) forms by controlling rotating stepper motor (81), precision ball screw (82) and rotating shaft (83); Precision ball screw (82) will be controlled rotating stepper motor (81) and be connected with rotating shaft (83); This rotating shaft (83) bottom is arranged on controls rotating stepper motor (81) above, and its top is fixedly connected with low temperature sampling receptacle (5); This control rotating stepper motor (81) is connected with described control and data acquisition unit (4) respectively with precision ball screw (82).
4. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described two-dimensional level travel mechanism (3) is made up of the first guide pillar (36) and second guide pillar (37) with slide-and-guide groove, and two guide pillars are mutually vertical; The first stepper motor (32) and the first precision ball screw (34) are set on this first guide pillar (36); The second stepper motor (33) and the second precision ball screw (35) are set on this second guide pillar (37); Controlling rotating stepper motor (81) is fixed on the first guide pillar (36), be connected with the first precision ball screw (34), the other end of this precision ball screw (34) connects the first stepper motor (32), by this precision ball screw (34) traction, control rotating stepper motor (81) and drive thus low temperature sampling receptacle (5) to move horizontally along this first guide pillar (36); This first guide pillar (36) connects the second precision ball screw (35), the other end of this second precision ball screw (35) connects the second stepper motor (33), by this second precision ball screw (35) traction, the first guide pillar (36) moves horizontally along this second guide pillar (37).
5. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described control and data acquisition unit (4) comprise driving and the control module of displacement measurement unit, output signal collection and display unit and single unit system.
6. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described field scan measuring sensor (7) is low temperature hall probe or array.
7. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the maximum horizontal sweep limit of described device is 150mm × 150mm, and vertical displacement is 100mm, and minimum stepper distances is 25 microns, and minimum rotation angle is 0.028 degree.
8. a method of measuring the block high-temperature superconductor of large crystal grain and combination Trapped field thereof, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
A. application rights requires the device described in any one in 1-7, first after superconductor to be measured being cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature, magnetize, and be fixed in the low temperature sampling receptacle (5) that fills liquid nitrogen, this low temperature sampling receptacle (5) is fixed on rotating stepper motor (81); In measuring process, remain liquid nitrogen temperature;
B. field scan measuring sensor (7) is fixed on to vertical movement mechanism (2) upper, determines the distance between field scan measuring sensor (7) and superconductor by Driving Stepping Motor (21);
C. control stepper motor (32), (33) in two-dimensional level travel mechanism and control rotating stepper motor (81), making superconductor relative to moving horizontally and rotate with field scan measuring sensor (7); The step pitch and the rotational angle that drive screw mandrel to move according to size setting scanning area and the stepper motor of sample, select tested region by the rotation of controlling electric rotating machine;
D. gather the Trapped field measurement data of coordinate figure and the field scan measuring sensor of horizontal direction;
E. can obtain Trapped Field data and the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of superconducting sample with the data mapping collecting.
9. a method of measuring the block high-temperature superconductor of large crystal grain and aggregate surface magnetic field and Distribution of Magnetic Field, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
A. application rights requires the device described in any one in 1-7, first after superconductor to be measured being cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature, magnetize, and be fixed in the low temperature sampling receptacle (5) that fills liquid nitrogen, this low temperature sampling receptacle (5) is fixed on rotating stepper motor (81); In measuring process, remain liquid nitrogen temperature;
B. field scan measuring sensor (7) is fixed on to vertical movement mechanism (2) upper, determines the distance between field scan measuring sensor (7) and superconductor by Driving Stepping Motor (21);
C. control two stepper motors (32), (33) and control rotating stepper motor (81), making superconductor relative to doing tangential movement and rotate with field scan measuring sensor (7); The step pitch and the rotational angle that drive screw mandrel to move according to size setting scanning area and the stepper motor of sample, select tested region by the rotation of controlling electric rotating machine;
D. gather the coordinate figure of horizontal direction and the Surface field of field scan measuring sensor and Distribution of Magnetic Field measurement data;
E. can obtain Surface field and the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of sample of magnetic material with the data mapping collecting.
10. a measuring method for cryogenic superconductor Trapped field, Surface field or Distribution of Magnetic Field, is characterized in that, except holding liquid hydrogen or liquid helium in described low temperature sampling receptacle (5), adopts the step identical with claim 8 or 9 to measure.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN107219476A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Hts magnetic levitation bearing suspension characteristic three-dimensional measuring apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20140702 |