CN103900737A - Ground pipeline heat loss detection method and detection device in thickened oil steam production and injection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for detecting heat loss of a ground pipeline in thickened oil steam production and injection, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the on-way steam pressure distribution of the ground pipeline by adopting a Begs-Brill method; acquiring steam temperature distribution of the ground pipeline according to the on-way steam pressure distribution; and acquiring the steam heat loss distribution of the ground pipeline according to the steam temperature distribution. The invention realizes the detection of the heat loss of the ground pipeline in the heavy oil steam production and injection and provides favorable conditions for subsequently improving the energy efficiency utilization rate of the heavy oil thermal production and injection.

Description

Viscous crude steam is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method and pick-up unit in note

Technical field

The thick oil thermal production steam thermal loss the present invention relates in field of petroleum exploitation is calculated, and especially relates to a kind of viscous crude steam and adopts surface pipeline thermal loss detection method and pick-up unit in note.

Background technology

At present, the major way of thickened oil recovery is exploitation via steam injection, mainly comprises two kinds of modes of steam stimulation and steam flood.Its principle is all to utilize the wet saturated steam heat injecting to heat oil reservoir, thereby reduces Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil, and with blowing or mechanical lift mode by heavy oil transportation to ground.

And at steam, from steam boiler to steam injection well head, this section is called surface pipeline.The surface pipeline using is at present built on stilts and/or buried silicate fiber hot insulated line, has expansion bend and the gantry of passing by one's way along pipeline journey, and trunk is dendritic distribution, and end is pipe network circlewise.We know, the thermal loss of pressure, temperature and the mass dryness fraction of the steam in surface pipeline in can surface pipeline and the pressure loss and change, and finally affect the utilization factor of steam thermal energy.To this, size how to obtain the thermal loss in detection surface pipeline is a major issue urgently to be resolved hurrily in thermal recovery process.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of viscous crude steam to adopt surface pipeline thermal loss detection method and pick-up unit in note, adopt surface pipeline thermal loss in note to obtain viscous crude steam, is follow-up raising heavy crude heat extraction note efficiency utilization factor.

For achieving the above object, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of viscous crude steam and adopt surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, draw together following steps:

Adopt Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline;

Distribute according to the described vapor (steam) temperature along surface pipeline described in journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition;

According to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, after the described loss of the steam heat according to surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, also comprises:

Obtaining corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution distributes.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, also comprises:

According to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, described employing Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method is obtained in distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, adopts following formula to calculate for the vapor pressure Δ p at the expansion bend in described surface pipeline and the gantry of passing by one's way:

$\mathrm{\Δp}=h_j\frac{{\text{v}}^2}{2g},$ In formula, g is acceleration of gravity, $h_j=\mathrm{\λ}\frac{L}{d},\mathrm{\λ}=\frac{64}{\mathrm{Re}},$ Re be Reynolds number and $\mathrm{Re}=\frac{\mathrm{Vd}}{v},$ Wherein, V is rate of flow of fluid, and d is pipe diameter, and v is fluid viscosity.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula

the steam heat loss distribution of the empty surface pipeline of calculating support;

In formula, dL ₁for the unit length of described ground spacing pipeline, dQ ₁for described dL ₁thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _afor atmospheric temperature, R ₁for the thermal resistance in ground spacing pipeline unit length, wherein:

λ _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer coefficient of heat conductivity, r _ofor pipeline external radius, r _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer external radius, h _fcfor pipeline heat-insulation layer convection transfer rate and wherein, v _wfor wind speed.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula

calculate the steam heat loss distribution of buried surface pipeline;

In formula, dL ₂for the unit length of described buried surface pipeline, dQ ₂for described dL ₂thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _efor formation temperature, R ₂for the thermal resistance in buried surface pipeline unit length, wherein:

$R_2=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}[\frac{1}{h_f{r}_i}+\frac{1}{h_p{r}_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_p}\ln \frac{r_o}{r_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}{\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)],$ Wherein, h _ffor boundary layer convection transfer rate, r _ifor pipeline inside radius, r _ofor pipeline external radius, h _pfor schmutzband convection transfer rate, λ _pfor the pipeline coefficient of heat transfer, λ _efor formation thermal conductivity, Z is the buried degree of depth of pipeline,

for Inverse Hyperbolic Cosine Function and ${\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)=\ln [\frac{Z}{r_o}+\sqrt{{\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)}^2-1}].$

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, describedly obtains corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution and distributes, and specifically comprises:

According to formula

obtaining steam quality distributes; In formula, x _wfor steam quality, x _gfor steam generator outlet steam quality, d _lfor unit tube line length, dQ is d _lsteam heat loss in length, i _sfor quality of steam flow velocity, L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, described according to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula $y=\frac{x_w{\·L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-x_{z,t}\·L_v-{\left(h_w\right)}_T+\mathrm{Zg}}{x_w{L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tm}}}$ Calculate the steam heat loss percentage of described surface pipeline, in formula, x _wwell head steam quality, x _z,tfor at a time steam quality when t of pipe range Z place, now corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is T, L _vWfor the latent heat of vaporization under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _twfor the enthalpy of the saturation water under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _tmfor the enthalpy of water under surface temperature Tm; L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization under certain some vapor (steam) temperature T in pipe, (h _w) _tfor the enthalpy of saturation water at certain some T temperature in pipe, g is acceleration of gravity.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of viscous crude steam to adopt surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, comprising:

Pressure distribution acquisition module, for adopting Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline;

Temperature Distribution acquisition module, for distributing according to the described vapor (steam) temperature along surface pipeline described in journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition;

Thermal loss distributed acquisition module, for according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, also comprises:

Mass dryness fraction distributed acquisition module, distributes for obtain corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, also comprises:

Heat loss rate acquisition module, for according to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, described employing Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method is obtained in distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, adopts following formula to calculate for the vapor pressure Δ p at the expansion bend in described surface pipeline and the gantry of passing by one's way:

$\mathrm{\Δp}=h_j\frac{{\text{v}}^2}{2g},$ In formula, g is acceleration of gravity, $h_j=\mathrm{\λ}\frac{L}{d},\mathrm{\λ}=\frac{64}{\mathrm{Re}},$ Re be Reynolds number and $\mathrm{Re}=\frac{\mathrm{Vd}}{v},$ Wherein, V is rate of flow of fluid, and d is pipe diameter, and v is fluid viscosity.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula

the steam heat loss distribution of the empty surface pipeline of calculating support;

In formula, dL ₁for the unit length of described ground spacing pipeline, dQ ₁for described dL ₁thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _afor atmospheric temperature, R ₁for the thermal resistance in ground spacing pipeline unit length, wherein:

λ _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer coefficient of heat conductivity, r _ofor pipeline external radius, r _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer external radius, h _fcfor pipeline heat-insulation layer convection transfer rate and

wherein, v _wfor wind speed.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula

calculate the steam heat loss distribution of buried surface pipeline;

In formula, dL ₂for the unit length of described buried surface pipeline, dQ ₂for described dL ₂thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _efor formation temperature, R ₂for the thermal resistance in buried surface pipeline unit length, wherein:

$R_2=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}[\frac{1}{h_f{r}_i}+\frac{1}{h_p{r}_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_p}\ln \frac{r_o}{r_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}{\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)],$ Wherein, h _ffor boundary layer convection transfer rate, r _ifor pipeline inside radius, r _ofor pipeline external radius, h _pfor schmutzband convection transfer rate, λ _pfor the pipeline coefficient of heat transfer, λ _efor formation thermal conductivity, Z is the buried degree of depth of pipeline,

for Inverse Hyperbolic Cosine Function and ${\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)=\ln [\frac{Z}{r_o}+\sqrt{{\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)}^2-1}].$

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, describedly obtains corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution and distributes, and specifically comprises:

According to formula

obtaining steam quality distributes; In formula, x _wfor steam quality, x _gfor steam generator outlet steam quality, d _lfor unit tube line length, dQ is d _lsteam heat loss in length, i _sfor quality of steam flow velocity, L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization.

Viscous crude steam of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, described according to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula $y=\frac{x_w{\·L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-x_{z,t}\·L_v-{\left(h_w\right)}_T+\mathrm{Zg}}{x_w{L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tm}}}$ Calculate the steam heat loss percentage of described surface pipeline, in formula, x _wwell head steam quality, x _z,tfor at a time steam quality when t of pipe range Z place, now corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is T, L _vWfor the latent heat of vaporization under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _twfor the enthalpy of the saturation water under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _tmfor the enthalpy of water under surface temperature Tm; L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization under certain some vapor (steam) temperature T in pipe, (h _w) _tfor the enthalpy of saturation water at certain some T temperature in pipe, g is acceleration of gravity.

The present invention, by adopting Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, then distributes according to the vapor (steam) temperature along surface pipeline described in journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition; Finally, according to the steam heat loss distribution of vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition surface pipeline, thereby realized, viscous crude steam is adopted to surface pipeline thermal loss detection in note, for follow-up raising heavy crude heat extraction note efficiency utilization factor provides advantage.In addition, the present invention can also further calculate mass dryness fraction and the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline.

Brief description of the drawings

Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, does not form limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is that a kind of viscous crude steam of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted the method flow diagram of surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that in the embodiment of the present invention, viscous crude steam is adopted injection system;

Fig. 3 is the structure cut-open view of ground spacing pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structure cut-open view of buried surface pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structure drawing of device that a kind of viscous crude steam of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note.

Embodiment

For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.At this, schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.

Shown in figure 1, the viscous crude steam of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note and is comprised the following steps:

Step S11, adopts Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, adopt following formula to calculate for the vapor pressure Δ p at the expansion bend 21 in surface pipeline and the gantry 22 of passing by one's way:

$\mathrm{\Δp}=h_j\frac{{\text{v}}^2}{2g},$ In formula, g is acceleration of gravity, $h_j=\mathrm{\λ}\frac{L}{d},\mathrm{\λ}=\frac{64}{\mathrm{Re}},$ Re be Reynolds number and $\mathrm{Re}=\frac{\mathrm{Vd}}{v},$ Wherein, V is rate of flow of fluid, and d is pipe diameter, and v is fluid viscosity.

Step S12, distributes according to the vapor (steam) temperature along journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition surface pipeline.That specifically can calculate by the relation of vapor pressure and vapor (steam) temperature obtains.

Step S13, according to the steam heat loss distribution of vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition surface pipeline.Concrete, point following two kinds of situations:

(1) surface pipeline is ground spacing pipeline, and as shown in Figure 3, this ground spacing pipeline is from being outside to inside followed successively by air film layer 31, heat insulation layer 32, tube wall 33, schmutzband 34 and liquid film layer 35, and its steam heat loss distribution calculates in the following manner:

According to formula

the steam heat loss distribution of the empty surface pipeline of calculating support;

In formula, dL ₁for the unit length of ground spacing pipeline, dQ ₁for dL ₁thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _afor atmospheric temperature, R ₁for the thermal resistance in ground spacing pipeline unit length, wherein:

λ _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer coefficient of heat conductivity, r _ofor pipeline external radius, r _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer external radius, h _fcfor pipeline heat-insulation layer convection transfer rate and

wherein, v _wfor wind speed.

(2) surface pipeline is buried surface pipeline, and as shown in Figure 4, this buried surface pipeline is from being outside to inside followed successively by tube wall 41, schmutzband 42 and liquid film layer 43, and its steam heat loss distribution calculates in the following manner:

According to formula calculate the steam heat loss distribution of buried surface pipeline;

In formula, dL ₂for the unit length of buried surface pipeline, dQ ₂for dL ₂thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _efor formation temperature, R ₂for the thermal resistance in buried surface pipeline unit length, wherein:

$R_2=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}[\frac{1}{h_f{r}_i}+\frac{1}{h_p{r}_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_p}\ln \frac{r_o}{r_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}{\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)],$ Wherein, h _ffor boundary layer convection transfer rate, r _ifor pipeline inside radius, r _ofor pipeline external radius, h _pfor schmutzband convection transfer rate, λ _pfor the pipeline coefficient of heat transfer, λ _efor formation thermal conductivity, generally get 0.5518Kcal/ (hm DEG C), Z is the buried degree of depth of pipeline,

for Inverse Hyperbolic Cosine Function and ${\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)=\ln [\frac{Z}{r_o}+\sqrt{{\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)}^2-1}].$

In the time that the existing built on stilts part of surface pipeline has buried part again, corresponding part adopts corresponding account form.

Step S14, obtains corresponding steam quality according to steam heat loss distribution and distributes.Detailed process is as follows:

According to formula

obtaining steam quality distributes; In formula, x _wfor steam quality, x _gfor steam generator outlet steam quality, d _lfor unit tube line length, dQ is d _lsteam heat loss in length, i _sfor quality of steam flow velocity, L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization and L _v=273*(374.15-T _s) * 0.38.

Step S15, according to the steam heat loss percentage of steam quality distributed acquisition surface pipeline.Concrete:

According to formula $y=\frac{x_w{\·L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-x_{z,t}\·L_v-{\left(h_w\right)}_T+\mathrm{Zg}}{x_w{L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tm}}}$ Calculate the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline, in formula, x _wwell head steam quality, x _z, _tfor at a time steam quality when t of pipe range Z place, now corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is T, L _vWfor the latent heat of vaporization under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _twfor the enthalpy of the saturation water under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _tmfor the enthalpy of water under surface temperature Tm; L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization under certain some vapor (steam) temperature T in pipe, (h _w) _tfor the enthalpy of saturation water at certain some T temperature in pipe, _gfor acceleration of gravity.

The embodiment of the present invention, by adopting Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, then distributes according to the vapor (steam) temperature along journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition surface pipeline; Finally, according to the steam heat loss distribution of vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition surface pipeline, thereby realized, viscous crude steam is adopted to surface pipeline thermal loss detection in note, for follow-up raising heavy crude heat extraction note efficiency utilization factor provides advantage.In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can also further calculate mass dryness fraction and the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline.

Shown in Fig. 5, the viscous crude steam of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note and is comprised pressure distribution acquisition module 11, Temperature Distribution acquisition module 12 and thermal loss distributed acquisition module 13, can also comprise mass dryness fraction distributed acquisition module 14 and heat loss rate acquisition module 15.Wherein:

Pressure distribution acquisition module 11 is for adopting Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline.Wherein, adopt following formula to calculate for the vapor pressure Δ p at the expansion bend in surface pipeline and the gantry of passing by one's way:

$\mathrm{\Δp}=h_j\frac{{\text{v}}^2}{2g},$ In formula, g is acceleration of gravity, $h_j=\mathrm{\λ}\frac{L}{d},\mathrm{\λ}=\frac{64}{\mathrm{Re}},$ Re be Reynolds number and $\mathrm{Re}=\frac{\mathrm{Vd}}{v},$ Wherein, V is rate of flow of fluid, and d is pipe diameter, and v is fluid viscosity.

Temperature Distribution acquisition module 12 is for distributing according to the vapor (steam) temperature along journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition surface pipeline.That specifically can calculate by the relation of vapor pressure and vapor (steam) temperature obtains.

Thermal loss distributed acquisition module 13 is for according to the steam heat loss distribution of vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition surface pipeline.Concrete, point following two kinds of situations:

(1) surface pipeline is ground spacing pipeline, and its steam heat loss distribution calculates in the following manner:

According to formula

the steam heat loss distribution of the empty surface pipeline of calculating support;

In formula, dL ₁for the unit length of ground spacing pipeline, dQ ₁for dL ₁thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _afor atmospheric temperature, R ₁for the thermal resistance in ground spacing pipeline unit length, wherein:

λ _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer coefficient of heat conductivity, r _ofor pipeline external radius, r _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer external radius, h _fcfor pipeline heat-insulation layer convection transfer rate and wherein, v _wfor wind speed.

(2) surface pipeline is buried surface pipeline, and its steam heat loss distribution calculates in the following manner:

According to formula

calculate the steam heat loss distribution of buried surface pipeline;

In formula, dL ₂for the unit length of buried surface pipeline, dQ ₂for dL ₂thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _efor formation temperature, R ₂for the thermal resistance in buried surface pipeline unit length, wherein:

$R_2=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}[\frac{1}{h_f{r}_i}+\frac{1}{h_p{r}_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_p}\ln \frac{r_o}{r_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}{\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)],$ Wherein, h _ffor boundary layer convection transfer rate, r _ifor pipeline inside radius, r _ofor pipeline external radius, h _pfor schmutzband convection transfer rate, λ _pfor the pipeline coefficient of heat transfer, λ _efor formation thermal conductivity, generally get 0.5518Kcal/ (hm DEG C), Z is the buried degree of depth of pipeline,

for Inverse Hyperbolic Cosine Function and ${\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)=\ln [\frac{Z}{r_o}+\sqrt{{\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)}^2-1}].$

In the time that the existing built on stilts part of surface pipeline has buried part again, corresponding part adopts corresponding account form.

Mass dryness fraction distributed acquisition module 14 distributes for obtain corresponding steam quality according to steam heat loss distribution.Detailed process is as follows:

According to formula

obtaining steam quality distributes; In formula, x _wfor steam quality, x _gfor steam generator outlet steam quality, d _lfor unit tube line length, dQ is d _lsteam heat loss in length, i _sfor quality of steam flow velocity, L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization and L _v=273*(374.15-T _s) * 0.38.

Heat loss rate acquisition module 15, for according to the steam heat loss percentage of steam quality distributed acquisition surface pipeline.Concrete:

According to formula $y=\frac{x_w{\·L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-x_{z,t}\·L_v-{\left(h_w\right)}_T+\mathrm{Zg}}{x_w{L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tm}}}$ Calculate the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline, in formula, x _wwell head steam quality, x _z,tfor at a time steam quality when t of pipe range Z place, now corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is T, L _vWfor the latent heat of vaporization under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _twfor the enthalpy of the saturation water under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _tmfor the enthalpy of water under surface temperature Tm; L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization under certain some vapor (steam) temperature T in pipe, (h _w) _tfor the enthalpy of saturation water at certain some T temperature in pipe, g is acceleration of gravity.

In the embodiment of the present invention, pressure distribution acquisition module is by adopting Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, and then Temperature Distribution acquisition module distributes according to the vapor (steam) temperature along journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition surface pipeline; Last by thermal loss distributed acquisition module according to the steam heat loss distribution of vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition surface pipeline, thereby realized, viscous crude steam is adopted to surface pipeline thermal loss detection in note, for follow-up raising heavy crude heat extraction note efficiency utilization factor provides advantage.In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can also further calculate mass dryness fraction and the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline.

Those skilled in the art can also recognize that various illustrative components, blocks, unit and step that the embodiment of the present invention is listed can realize by hardware, software or both combinations.So to realizing by hardware or software the designing requirement of depending on specific application and whole system.Those skilled in the art can, for every kind of specific application, can make in all sorts of ways and realize described function, but this realization should not be understood to exceed the scope of embodiment of the present invention protection.

Various illustrative logical block described in the embodiment of the present invention, or unit can pass through general processor, digital signal processor, special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the design of above-mentioned any combination realizes or operates described function.General processor can be microprocessor, and alternatively, this general processor can be also any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor also can be realized by the combination of calculation element, for example digital signal processor and microprocessor, and multi-microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor Core of one or more microprocessor associating, or any other similarly configures and realizes.

Method described in the embodiment of the present invention or the step of algorithm can directly embed hardware, the software module of processor execution or the two combination.Software module can be stored in the storage medium of other arbitrary form in RAM storer, flash memory, ROM storer, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this area.Exemplarily, storage medium can be connected with processor, with make processor can be from storage medium reading information, and can deposit write information to storage medium.Alternatively, storage medium can also be integrated in processor.Processor and storage medium can be arranged in ASIC, and ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Alternatively, processor and storage medium also can be arranged in the different parts in user terminal.

In one or more exemplary designs, the described above-mentioned functions of the embodiment of the present invention can realize in hardware, software, firmware or this three's combination in any.If realized in software, these functions can be stored on the medium with computer-readable, or are transmitted on the medium of computer-readable with one or more instructions or code form.Computer-readable medium comprises computer storage medium and is convenient to make to allow computer program transfer to other local telecommunication media from a place.Storage medium can be the useable medium that any general or special computer can access.For example, such computer readable media can include but not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or other any medium that can be read by general or special computer or general or special processor for carrying or storage the program code of form with instruction or data structure and other.In addition, any connection can be suitably defined as computer-readable medium, for example,, if software is by a concentric cable, fiber optic cables, twisted-pair feeder, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or being also comprised in defined computer-readable medium with wireless way for transmittings such as such as infrared, wireless and microwaves from a web-site, server or other remote resource.Described video disc (disk) and disk (disc) comprise Zip disk, radium-shine dish, CD, DVD, floppy disk and Blu-ray Disc, and disk is conventionally with magnetic duplication data, and video disc carries out optical reproduction data with laser conventionally.Above-mentioned combination also can be included in computer-readable medium.

Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. viscous crude steam is adopted a surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

Adopt Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline;

Distribute according to the described vapor (steam) temperature along surface pipeline described in journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition;

According to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition.

2. viscous crude steam according to claim 1 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, after the described loss of the steam heat according to surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, also comprises:

Obtaining corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution distributes.

3. viscous crude steam according to claim 2 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, also comprises:

According to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition.

4. viscous crude steam according to claim 1 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, described employing Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method is obtained in distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, adopts following formula to calculate for the vapor pressure Δ p at the expansion bend in described surface pipeline and the gantry of passing by one's way:

$\mathrm{\Δp}=h_j\frac{{\text{v}}^2}{2g},$ In formula, g is acceleration of gravity, $h_j=\mathrm{\λ}\frac{L}{d},\mathrm{\λ}=\frac{64}{\mathrm{Re}},$ Re be Reynolds number and $\mathrm{Re}=\frac{\mathrm{Vd}}{v},$ Wherein, V is rate of flow of fluid, and d is pipe diameter, and v is fluid viscosity.

5. viscous crude steam according to claim 1 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula

the steam heat loss distribution of the empty surface pipeline of calculating support;

In formula, dL ₁for the unit length of described ground spacing pipeline, dQ ₁for described dL ₁thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _afor atmospheric temperature, R ₁for the thermal resistance in ground spacing pipeline unit length, wherein:

λ _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer coefficient of heat conductivity, r _ofor pipeline external radius, r _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer external radius, h _fcfor pipeline heat-insulation layer convection transfer rate and

wherein, v _wfor wind speed.

6. viscous crude steam according to claim 1 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula

calculate the steam heat loss distribution of buried surface pipeline;

In formula, dL ₂for the unit length of described buried surface pipeline, dQ ₂for described dL ₂thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _efor formation temperature, R ₂for the thermal resistance in buried surface pipeline unit length, wherein:

$R_2=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}[\frac{1}{h_f{r}_i}+\frac{1}{h_p{r}_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_p}\ln \frac{r_o}{r_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}{\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)],$ Wherein, h _ffor boundary layer convection transfer rate, r _ifor pipeline inside radius, r _ofor pipeline external radius, h _pfor schmutzband convection transfer rate, λ _pfor the pipeline coefficient of heat transfer, λ _efor formation thermal conductivity, Z is the buried degree of depth of pipeline, for Inverse Hyperbolic Cosine Function and ${\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)=\ln [\frac{Z}{r_o}+\sqrt{{\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)}^2-1}].$

7. viscous crude steam according to claim 1 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, describedly obtains corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution and distributes, and specifically comprises:

According to formula

obtaining steam quality distributes; In formula, x _wfor steam quality, x _gfor steam generator outlet steam quality, d _lfor unit tube line length, dQ is d _lsteam heat loss in length, i _sfor quality of steam flow velocity, L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization.

8. viscous crude steam according to claim 1 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss detection method in note, it is characterized in that, described according to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition, specifically comprises:

According to formula $y=\frac{x_w{\·L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-x_{z,t}\·L_v-{\left(h_w\right)}_T+\mathrm{Zg}}{x_w{L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tm}}}$ Calculate the steam heat loss percentage of described surface pipeline, in formula, x _wwell head steam quality, x _z,tfor at a time steam quality when t of pipe range Z place, now corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is T, L _vWfor the latent heat of vaporization under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _twfor the enthalpy of the saturation water under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _tmfor the enthalpy of water under surface temperature Tm; L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization under certain some vapor (steam) temperature T in pipe, (h _w) _tfor the enthalpy of saturation water at certain some T temperature in pipe, g is acceleration of gravity.

9. viscous crude steam is adopted a surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Pressure distribution acquisition module, for adopting Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method to obtain distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline;

Temperature Distribution acquisition module, for distributing according to the described vapor (steam) temperature along surface pipeline described in journey vapor pressure distributed acquisition;

Thermal loss distributed acquisition module, for according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition.

10. viscous crude steam according to claim 9 is adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, also comprises:

Mass dryness fraction distributed acquisition module, distributes for obtain corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution.

11. viscous crude steam according to claim 10 are adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, also comprise:

Heat loss rate acquisition module, for according to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition.

12. viscous crude steam according to claim 9 are adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, described employing Bei Gesi-Bu Lille method is obtained in distributing along journey vapor pressure of surface pipeline, adopts following formula to calculate for the vapor pressure Δ p at the expansion bend in described surface pipeline and the gantry of passing by one's way:

$\mathrm{\Δp}=h_j\frac{{\text{v}}^2}{2g},$ In formula, g is acceleration of gravity, $h_j=\mathrm{\λ}\frac{L}{d},\mathrm{\λ}=\frac{64}{\mathrm{Re}},$ Re be Reynolds number and $\mathrm{Re}=\frac{\mathrm{Vd}}{v},$ Wherein, V is rate of flow of fluid, and d is pipe diameter, and v is fluid viscosity.

13. viscous crude steam according to claim 9 are adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprise:

According to formula

the steam heat loss distribution of the empty surface pipeline of calculating support;

In formula, dL ₁for the unit length of described ground spacing pipeline, dQ ₁for described dL ₁thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _afor atmospheric temperature, R ₁for the thermal resistance in ground spacing pipeline unit length, wherein:

λ _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer coefficient of heat conductivity, r _ofor pipeline external radius, r _insfor pipeline heat-insulation layer external radius, h _fcfor pipeline heat-insulation layer convection transfer rate and

wherein, v _wfor wind speed.

14. viscous crude steam according to claim 9 are adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, described according to the steam heat loss distribution of surface pipeline described in described vapor (steam) temperature distributed acquisition, specifically comprise:

According to formula

calculate the steam heat loss distribution of buried surface pipeline;

In formula, dL ₂for the unit length of described buried surface pipeline, dQ ₂for described dL ₂thermal loss in length, T _sfor vapor (steam) temperature, T _efor formation temperature, R ₂for the thermal resistance in buried surface pipeline unit length, wherein:

$R_2=\frac{1}{2\mathrm{\π}}[\frac{1}{h_f{r}_i}+\frac{1}{h_p{r}_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_p}\ln \frac{r_o}{r_i}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\λ}}_e}{\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)],$ Wherein, h _ffor boundary layer convection transfer rate, r _ifor pipeline inside radius, r _ofor pipeline external radius, h _pfor schmutzband convection transfer rate, λ _pfor the pipeline coefficient of heat transfer, λ _efor formation thermal conductivity, Z is the buried degree of depth of pipeline,

for Inverse Hyperbolic Cosine Function and ${\cosh }^{-1}\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)=\ln [\frac{Z}{r_o}+\sqrt{{\left(\frac{Z}{r_o}\right)}^2-1}].$

15. viscous crude steam according to claim 9 are adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, describedly obtain corresponding steam quality according to described steam heat loss distribution and distribute, and specifically comprise:

According to formula obtaining steam quality distributes; In formula, x _wfor steam quality, x _gfor steam generator outlet steam quality, d _lfor unit tube line length, dQ is d _lsteam heat loss in length, i _sfor quality of steam flow velocity, L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization.

16. viscous crude steam according to claim 9 are adopted surface pipeline thermal loss pick-up unit in note, it is characterized in that, described according to the steam heat loss percentage of surface pipeline described in described steam quality distributed acquisition, specifically comprise:

According to formula $y=\frac{x_w{\·L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-x_{z,t}\·L_v-{\left(h_w\right)}_T+\mathrm{Zg}}{x_w{L}_{\mathrm{vw}}+{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tw}}-{\left(h_w\right)}_{\mathrm{Tm}}}$ Calculate the steam heat loss percentage of described surface pipeline, in formula, x _wwell head steam quality, x _z,tfor at a time steam quality when t of pipe range Z place, now corresponding vapor (steam) temperature is T, L _vWfor the latent heat of vaporization under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _twfor the enthalpy of the saturation water under wellhead temperature Tw, (h _w) _tmfor the enthalpy of water under surface temperature Tm; L _vfor the latent heat of vaporization under certain some vapor (steam) temperature T in pipe, (h _w) _tfor the enthalpy of saturation water at certain some T temperature in pipe, g is acceleration of gravity.

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