CN103897393A - 薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103897393A CN103897393A CN201210589288.1A CN201210589288A CN103897393A CN 103897393 A CN103897393 A CN 103897393A CN 201210589288 A CN201210589288 A CN 201210589288A CN 103897393 A CN103897393 A CN 103897393A
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- Prior art keywords
- film
- thin
- solar cells
- film solar
- fluorinated polyimide
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- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- NQBXSWAWVZHKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(C)=O NQBXSWAWVZHKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/911—Cooling
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/204—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
一种柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜及其制备方法,主要有下述质量百分比的如下组分制成:聚酰亚胺树脂溶液(树脂固含量1-10%)8-12%;纳米铝粉0.0001-0.1;余量为溶剂。以上材料共混后经过滤导入流延模头,经冷却、牵伸、卷取等工序得到太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。本发明所制作出来的产品,附于薄膜太阳能电池受光表面或做太阳能电池的上封装膜,直接提高柔性或薄膜太阳能电池的发电效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜及其制备方法,通过使用该膜封装在柔性或薄膜太阳能电池入光面的表面,直接提高柔性或薄膜太阳能电池的效率。
背景技术
在太阳能的有效利用项目当中:光电利用是近些年来发展最快,最具活力的研究领域。 一般太阳能电池的制作主要是以半导体材料为基础,利用光电材料吸收光能后发生光电转换反应发电。根据所用材料的不同,太阳能电池可分为:1、硅太阳能电池;2、以无机盐如砷化镓III-V化合物、硫化镉、铜铟硒等多元化合物为材料的太阳能电池;3、以功能高分子材料制备的太阳能电池;4、纳米晶太阳能电池等。
现有技术工作效率最高的是以III-V族半导体无机材料为原材料的产品。 例如: 砷化镓/锗单一接面型的量子井陷晶结构,其光电转换效率可达>18 % ;而多重接面量子井陷晶结构之太阳电池,例如: 磷化铟镓/砷化镓/锗,其光电转换效率可高达>30 %。目前应用最广,以硅为主:包括非晶硅,光电转换效率约9 %;多晶硅,光电转换效率约14 %;单晶硅,光电转换效率约17 %。虽然在价格上,VI族元素Si要比III-V族半导体GaAs便宜,但其制造的价格,与高分子有机太阳能电池相比,还是昂贵许多;而在应用上,质轻又无破裂之虞的全塑化有机太阳能电池可经由印刷的加工实现,除价格降低外,更适合可携式电子产品的需求,且在室内或阴天均能正常使用(这是硅质太阳能电池所无法达到的),使得它的实用性及市场应用广度更加提升。
太阳能电池是一项关键技术,会推进更清洁的能源生产。但是太阳能电池的成本问题,降低了太阳能技术的经济竞争力。为克服这个问题,薄膜太阳能电池是目前广泛应用的技术,可以大量减少昂贵半导体材料的使用量,但薄膜太阳能电池的光吸收量较低,性能比不上传统的太阳能电池。
薄膜太阳能模块是由玻璃基板、金属层、透明导电层、电器功能盒、胶合材料、半导体层等所构成的。有机-无机复合太阳能电池是基于有机共轭高分子-无机纳米晶复合材料体系的太阳能电池,因同时具有机高分子材料成膜性好,能级结构及带隙易于调节,可以通过湿法制备低成本、大面积、柔性太阳能电池器件以及无机纳米晶材料高稳定性,高迁移率,可构筑有序纳米结构等优点,而成为近年来太阳能电池领域的研究热点。金属纳米粒子可以引导光更好地进入太阳能电池,防止光逃逸。在传统的“厚膜”太阳能电池中,纳米粒子没有什么效果,因为所有的光线吸收都是通过这种膜,这就依赖它的厚度。然而,对于薄膜而言,纳米粒子就可以发挥很大作用。它们的散射增加了光停留在薄膜中的时间,使总体吸收的光达到一种水平,可以媲美传统的太阳能电池。
铝与银纳米粒子在可见部分的频谱中,可以很好地聚焦光线进入太阳能电池。但是光学共振也会导致纳米粒子吸收光,这就意味着太阳能电池的效率会较低。银纳米粒子共振正好处在太阳能电池关键吸收光谱部分,所以光的吸收是相当可观的。铝纳米粒子共振超出了太阳能电池关键光谱部分。对能量的损耗较小,此外,铝粒子很容易钝化,虽然会改变形状和大小,钝化后纳米粒子属性变化很小。纳米粒子有凹凸不平的表面,散射光线会更多地进入广谱波长范围。这会带来更大的吸收,从而提高电池的整体效率。
有机聚合物材料如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA) 、聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚碳酸酯(PC)都具有非常优异的在可见光波长范围内的光透明性,因此这些材料常被用作光学器件。但是通用的聚合物材料的耐温性往往不够,限制了其在高温环境下的使用。耐高温透明材料是指可以经受 250 ℃以上加工处理的透明材料,主要用于柔性太阳能电池底板、液晶显示器的ITO底板以代替易碎的玻璃、液晶显示取向膜、用于通信连接的光波导材料及用于平面光线路的半波板。在目前可用的材料中,氟化聚酰亚胺(PI)应当是首选材料。
由于高技术材料芳香族均苯型聚酰亚胺(PI)树脂具有不溶、难熔、最高级别的耐热性、耐寒性、抗氧化性、耐辐射性、耐化学性、良好的机械和电气特性,被广泛应用于诸多领域。特别是光学透明的PI膜在一些领域中有特殊应用,如柔性太阳能辐射保护材料、太阳能电池基板材料、柔性透明导电膜基板材料、液晶显示器的取向膜材料、通讯领域中的光波导材料和平面光波电路的光学半波板等。
商品化标准聚酰亚胺由于其分子主链的刚性和强的分子间作用, 常使得它们难溶难熔, 加工性能差, 限制了它们的进一步应用, 尤其是难以加工成薄膜和涂料使用. 除此之外, 标准聚酰亚胺由于其分子链内高的芳香共轭性和强的电荷转移络合作用, 使其聚合物薄膜具有深的颜色(黄色或棕色)、光学透明性差; 而浅色透明聚酰亚胺在液晶显示、光波导中具有重要的应用价值. 因此, 针对聚酰亚胺分子结构进行设计和改性, 制备具有良好溶解性和成膜性、高光学透明性等功能聚酰亚胺是一件十分有意义的研究工作.近年来研究发现, 含氟聚酰亚胺通常表现出较好的溶解性能, 尤其是含有三氟甲基取代结构的聚醚酰亚胺. 这类聚酰亚胺通常是由含氟双醚二胺单体和常见二酐单体缩聚得到. 由于三氟甲基大的自由体积以及氟原子独特的物理化学性质, 如较大的电负性、较小的原子半径、较低的摩尔极化率等, 还使得这类聚酰亚胺表现出较传统聚酰亚胺更好的光学性能、介电性能和低的吸湿率。 然而, 由于该类含氟聚醚酰亚胺分子主链中引入了较大比例的柔性醚键(每结构单元中含有两个),常使得这类聚合物的耐高温性能较标准聚酰亚胺有一个大的降低, 其玻璃化温度大多在200~300 ℃。随着对可溶性及功能性聚酰亚胺材料研究的不断深入, 含芴基 Cardo 型聚酰亚胺逐渐受到越来越多的重视. 由于芴基庞大的自由体积以及刚性稠环结构赋予这类聚酰亚胺优良的综合性能, 如在有机溶剂中优良的溶解性能, 部分品种可溶于氯代烃和酰胺类溶剂;优异的耐热及热氧化稳定性能; 良好的机械性能以及低介电常数等。为获得具有高可溶和高光学透明等功能性聚酰亚胺膜新材料。
为适应氟化聚酰亚胺膜作为太阳能电池应用的封装用膜等工业需求,我们发明了纳米铝粉改性氟化聚酰亚胺膜。该膜既可以使用于薄膜太阳能电池的背光板处,也可以使用于薄膜太阳能电池的入光膜表面,同时也可以使用于薄膜太阳能电池的中间层,提高太阳能电池的光吸收效率。提高太阳能电池的发电效率。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜及其制备方法,通过使用该膜封装在柔性或薄膜太阳能电池入光面的表面,直接提高柔性或薄膜太阳能电池的效率。并具经封装的柔性或薄膜太阳能电池具有自清洁的作用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
本发明的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,主要有下述质量百分比的如下组分制成:
聚酰亚胺树脂溶液(树脂固含量1-10%)8-12%;
纳米铝粉0.0001-0.1;
余量为溶剂。
所述的氟化聚酰亚胺树脂为经引入含氟、硅、磷的基团或羟基或引入体积较大的取代基(如圈形结构及其他大的侧基或在联苯的2,2′-位引入取代基以产生非共平面结构)破坏较大范围的共轭或使大分子链弯曲,引入脂肪,尤其是脂环结构单元或采用能使主链弯曲的单体(如3,4′-和3,3′-二酐,间位取代的二胺)等改性的氟化聚酰亚胺树脂。
比如中国专利CN102504255A、CN1970603A、CN102558556A, CN1018183B公开的聚酰亚胺树脂;或者文献:1.颜善银等,新型含吡啶环二胺及其可溶透明性氟化聚酰亚胺的合成与表征,合成技术及应用2010年第03期5-12,2.何曼等,含苯并噻唑氟化聚酰亚胺制备及非线性光学性质,物理化学学报,2010,26,3073-3079公开的氟化聚酰亚胺树脂。
所述的溶剂为醇、酯、醚、胺、酮、或芳烃中的一种或几种。
所述的醇为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇,或上述醇的氟化醇中的一种或多种。
所述的酮为丙酮、环已酮,甲乙酮、甲异丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二异丁基酮、二丙酮醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。
所述的酯为醇醚酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸1-甲氧基-2-丙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酸甲酯、或丙酸乙酯、二醇醚乙酸酯、丁基乙二醇乙酸酯中的一种或多种。
所述的醚为二乙醚、二丙醚、四氢呋喃、二恶烷、乙二醇乙醚或乙二醇甲醚中的一种或多种。
本发明的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂溶液;溶剂用乳化器在0~140℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,挤出物经过滤、计量挤出、流延、冷却、牵伸、牵引、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
本发明的有益效果:纳米金属铝粒子很容易钝化,虽然会改变形状和大小,钝化后纳米粒子属性变化很小。纳米粒子有凹凸不平的表面,散射光线会更多地进入广谱波长范围。这会带来更大的吸收,从而提高电池的整体效率。金属铝纳米粒子的散射增加了光停留在薄膜中的时间,使总体吸收的光达到一种水平,可以媲美传统的太阳能电池。我们发明的氟化聚酰亚胺膜,该膜既可以使用于薄膜太阳能电池的背光板处,也可以使用于薄膜太阳能电池的入光膜表面,同时也可以使用于薄膜太阳能电池的中间层。经使用本发明纳米铝粉改性氟化聚酰亚胺膜的薄膜太阳能电池比未使用的薄膜太阳能电池性能提高3-15%。薄膜中的金属铝纳米粒子可以引导光较好地进入太阳能电池,防止光逃逸。解决传统的“厚膜”太阳能电池中,纳米粒子没有什么效果而所有的光线吸收必需依赖厚度解决的问题。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂溶液(树脂固含量10%,长春应用化学所)8kg;91.999kg丙酮混合,在0℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉0.0001 kg加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,
挤出物经180目过滤器过滤、计量挤出(计量泵进出压力差为2MPa)、流延膜厚度50UM、10℃空气冷却、4倍牵伸率牵伸、离型纸覆膜、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
经使用本薄膜的薄膜太阳能电池比未使用的薄膜太阳能电池性能提高12.8%。
实施例2
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂(树脂固含量8%,长春应用化学所)9kg;41.9 kg乙酸乙酯、50 kg四氢呋喃混合,在20℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉0.1 kg加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,
挤出物经180目过滤器过滤、计量挤出(计量泵进出压力差为2MPa)、流延膜厚度50UM、10℃空气冷却、4倍牵伸率牵伸、离型纸覆膜、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
经使用本薄膜的薄膜太阳能电池比未使用的薄膜太阳能电池性能提高9.6%。
实施例3
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂(树脂固含量5%,长春应用化学所)10kg;89.95 kg四氢呋喃,在140℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉0.05 kg加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,
挤出物经180目过滤器过滤、计量挤出(计量泵进出压力差为2MPa)、流延膜厚度50UM、10℃空气冷却、4倍牵伸率牵伸、离型纸覆膜、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
经使用本薄膜的薄膜太阳能电池比未使用的薄膜太阳能电池性能提高3.8%。
实施例4
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂(树脂固含量3%,宁波今山电子材料有限公司)11kg;28.998kg乙二醇乙醚、30kg甲基乙基酮、30kg二醇醚乙酸酯,在80℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉0.002 kg加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,
挤出物经180目过滤器过滤、计量挤出(计量泵进出压力差为2MPa)、流延膜厚度50UM、10℃空气冷却、4倍牵伸率牵伸、离型纸覆膜、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
经使用本薄膜的薄膜太阳能电池比未使用的薄膜太阳能电池性能提高9.6%。
实施例5
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂(树脂固含量1%,宁波今山电子材料有限公司)12kg;47.992 kg N-甲基吡咯烷酮、47kg丙酸甲酯混合,在40℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉0.008 kg加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,
挤出物经180目过滤器过滤、计量挤出(计量泵进出压力差为2MPa)、流延膜厚度50UM、10℃空气冷却、4倍牵伸率牵伸、离型纸覆膜、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
经使用本薄膜的薄膜太阳能电池比未使用的薄膜太阳能电池性能提高11.2%。
Claims (8)
1.一种薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于,主要有下述质量百分比的如下组分制成:
聚酰亚胺树脂溶液(树脂固含量1-10%)8-12%;
纳米铝粉0.0001-0.1;
余量为溶剂。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于:所述的聚酰亚胺树脂为经引入含氟、硅、磷的基团或羟基或引入体积较大的取代基破坏较大范围的共轭或使大分子链弯曲,引入脂肪结构单元或采用能使主链弯曲的单体改性的聚酰亚胺树脂。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为醇、酯、醚、胺、酮、或芳烃中的一种或几种。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于:所述的醇为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇,或上述醇的氟化醇中的一种或多种。
5. 根据权利要求3所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于:所述的酮为丙酮、环已酮,甲乙酮、甲异丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二异丁基酮、二丙酮醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。
6. 根据权利要求3所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于:所述的酯为醇醚酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸1-甲氧基-2-丙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酸甲酯、或丙酸乙酯、二醇醚乙酸酯、丁基乙二醇乙酸酯中的一种或多种。
7. 根据权利要求3所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜,其特征在于:所述的醚为二乙醚、二丙醚、四氢呋喃、二恶烷、乙二醇乙醚或乙二醇甲醚中的一种或多种。
8.权利要求1所述的薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将氟化聚酰亚胺树脂溶液;溶剂用乳化器在0~140℃温度环境下搅拌共混均匀;
(2)在室温下将纳米铝粉加入以上溶液中用乳化器混合,并经超声波处理得到均匀混合的胶体共混物;
(3)将以上共混物导入螺杆混合挤出机进行共混挤出,温度控制在80~90℃,挤出物经过滤、计量挤出、流延、冷却、牵伸、牵引、卷取等工序,得到柔性或薄膜太阳能电池用氟化聚酰亚胺膜。
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