CN103897370A - Photocuring polycarbonate film for flexible or thin-film solar cell and preparation method of film - Google Patents
Photocuring polycarbonate film for flexible or thin-film solar cell and preparation method of film Download PDFInfo
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- CN103897370A CN103897370A CN201210589327.8A CN201210589327A CN103897370A CN 103897370 A CN103897370 A CN 103897370A CN 201210589327 A CN201210589327 A CN 201210589327A CN 103897370 A CN103897370 A CN 103897370A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a photocuring polycarbonate film for a flexible or thin-film solar cell. The photocuring polycarbonate film is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polycarbonate, 0.0001-0.1 part of nano aluminite powder, 0.5-1.25 parts of crosslinking curing agent, 0.1-0.2 part of ultraviolet absorber, 0-0.4 part of tackifier, 0.1-0.2 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.2 part of amine light stabilizer. The film in encapsulated on the surface of a light inlet surface of the flexible or thin-film solar cell, so that the efficiency of the flexible or thin-film solar cell is directly improved, and the encapsulated flexible or thin-film solar cell has a self-cleaning function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane and preparation method thereof, by using this film to be encapsulated in the surface of flexibility or thin-film solar cells incidence surface, directly improve the efficiency of flexibility or thin-film solar cells.
Background technology
Effectively utilizing in the middle of project of sun power: solar photovoltaic utilization is research field with fastest developing speed in the last few years, most active.The making of general solar cell is mainly take semiconductor material as basis, opto-electronic conversion reaction generating occurs after utilizing photoelectric material to absorb luminous energy.According to the difference of material therefor, solar cell can be divided into: 1, silicon solar cell; 2, take inorganic salt if the multi-element compounds such as gallium arsenide III-V compound, Cadmium Sulfide, copper indium diselenide are as the solar cell of material; 3, the solar cell of preparing with functional high molecule material; 4, nano-crystalline solar battery etc.
What prior art working efficiency was the highest is take III-V family semiconductor inorganic materials as raw-material product.For example: the quantum well of the single junction type of gallium arsenide/germanium falls into crystal structure, and its photoelectric transformation efficiency can reach >18 %; For example, and multiple junction quantum well falls into the solar cell of crystal structure: InGaP/gallium arsenide/germanium, its photoelectric transformation efficiency can be up to >30 %.Most widely used at present, take silicon as main: comprise non-crystalline silicon, photoelectric transformation efficiency approximately 9 %; Polysilicon, photoelectric transformation efficiency approximately 14 %; Silicon single crystal, photoelectric transformation efficiency approximately 17 %.Although in price, VI family elements Si is more cheap than III-V family semiconductor GaAs, the price of its manufacture, compared with polymer organic solar batteries, or expensive many; And in application, the light weight again overall plasticization organic solar batteries of the anxiety of crack-free can be realized via the processing of printing, except price reduces, be more suitable for the demand of portable electronic product, and indoor or cloudyly all can normally use (this is that siliceous solar cell is beyond one's reach), its practicality and market application range are promoted more.
Solar cell is a gordian technique, can advance more clean Energy production.But the Cost Problems of solar cell, has reduced the economic competitiveness of heliotechnics.For overcoming this problem, thin-film solar cells is the technology of current widespread use, can reduce in a large number the usage quantity of expensive semiconductor material, but the absorbing amount of thin-film solar cells is lower, and Performance Ratio is not gone up traditional solar cell.
Thin-film solar module is to be made up of glass substrate, metal level, transparency conducting layer, electrical function box, glueing material, semiconductor layer etc.Organic and inorganic composite solar battery is the solar cell based on organic conjugate polymer-inorganic nano-crystal composite system, because of while tool organic polymer material good film-forming property, level structure and band gap are easy to regulate, can prepare low cost, big area, flexible solar battery device and inorganic nano-crystal material high stability by wet method, high mobility, can construct the advantages such as ordered nano-structure, and become the study hotspot of area of solar cell in recent years.Metal nanoparticle can direct light enter solar cell better, prevents light escape.In traditional " thick film " solar cell, nanoparticle does not have any effect, is all by this film because all light absorbs, and this just relies on its thickness.But for film, nanoparticle just can be brought into play great role.Their scattering has increased light and has rested on the time in film, makes the light of overall absorption reach a kind of level, and traditional solar cell can match in excellence or beauty.
Aluminium and Nano silver grain are in the frequency spectrum of visible part, and focused ray enters solar cell well.But optical resonance also can cause nanoparticle absorb light, this efficiency that just means solar cell can be lower.Nano grain of silver sub-resonance is just in time in the crucial absorption spectrum part of solar cell, so the absorption of light is appreciable.Aluminum nanoparticles resonance has exceeded the crucial spectra part of solar cell.Loss to energy is less, and in addition, aluminum particulate is easy to passivation, although can change shape and size, after passivation, nanoparticle attribute change is very little.Nanoparticle has rough surface, and scattered beam can enter wide spectrum wavelength region more.This can bring larger absorption, thereby improves the whole efficiency of battery.
Polycarbonate (PC) is the high molecular polymer that contains carbonate group in molecular chain, can be divided into the broad varietys such as aliphatics, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic according to the structure of ester group.Wherein because the mechanical property of aliphatics and aliphatic-aromatic polycarbonate is lower, thereby limit its application aspect engineering plastics.Only have at present that aromatic copolycarbonate obtains suitability for industrialized production.
Due to the singularity on polycarbonate structure, polycarbonate is a kind of amorphous, odorless, tasteless, nontoxic and transparent thermoplastic polymer, it is unique plastics variety with good transparency, there is good physical strength, resistance toheat, ultraviolet light resistant and resistance to electric over-all properties, impact strength is high, creep properties is little, product size is stable, easily strengthen, non-toxic sanitary, can be painted, have good property/valency than and can chemically modified physics modification potentiality, it is excellent combination property, purposes is important engineering plastics kind very widely, due to its outstanding performance, the purposes of polycarbonate is very extensive, especially more play irreplaceable effect in transparent material field, now become the fastest general engineering plastic of rate of growth in five large-engineering plastics.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane and preparation method thereof, by using this film to be encapsulated in the surface of flexibility or thin-film solar cells incidence surface, directly improve the efficiency of flexibility or thin-film solar cells.And tool has self-cleaning effect through flexibility or the thin-film solar cells of encapsulation.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Flexibility of the present invention or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, is made up of the following component of following weight parts: polycarbonate 100; Nanometer aluminium powder 0.0001-0.1; Crosslinking and curing agent 0.5 ~ 1.25; Ultraviolet absorbers 0.1 ~ 0.2; Tackifier 0 ~ 0.4; Oxidation inhibitor 0.1 ~ 0.2; Amine photostabilizer 0.1 ~ 0.2.
Described polycarbonate is aliphatics, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic polycarbonate, is preferably aromatic copolycarbonate.The present invention's polycarbonate resin used is all purchased from commercially available, such as the trade mark is that 2458,2805,2858,2605,6555,6485,2405,2407,2807,2865,3103,3105(Bayer Bitterfeld GmbH is produced); The trade mark is 9920, AD-5503, L-1225Y, L-1250Z, L-1250Y, L-1225L, L-1250L(Japan Supreme Being people); The trade mark is: 153R-111, HF1130-111,241R-111,243R-111,500R-739,940A-116,945A(U.S. GE(SABIC)) etc.
Described amine photostabilizer is two (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) diester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems, (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) sebate, poly-succinic (4 hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--1 piperidinyl-acetate) in one or more mixing.
Described tackifier are that one or more mixing match in titanate coupling agent, r – aminopropyl triethoxysilane, r – glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 3 – aminopropyl triethoxysilanes form.
Described crosslinking and curing agent is 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 pairs of (t-butyl peroxy) hexanes, 1, the two tert-butyl peroxides of 1-() 3,3, one or more mixing in 5-trimethyl-cyclohexane or t-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonic ether.
Described ultraviolet absorbers is 2-hydroxyl-4 methoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxyl-4 oxy-octyl benzophenone or 2-[4, two (2, the 4-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines-2-yls of 5-]-5-(octyloxy) any one in phenol.
Described antioxidant is three (2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorous acid ester, distearyl acidic group pentaerythritol diphosphites, tricresyl phosphite (single nonyl benzene and dinonyl benzene) mixed ester, three (nonyl benzene) phosphorous acid ester, four [B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, B-(4-hydroxyl-3,5 di-tert-butyl-phenyls) positive 18 silkworm carbon alcohol ester or the N of propionic acid, N '-1,6-dihexyl two (3, one or more mixing in 5-bis-(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl.
The preparation method of polycarbonate membrane for flexibility of the present invention or thin-film solar cells, comprises the steps:
(1) by polycarbonate resin; Nanometer aluminium powder; Crosslinking and curing agent; Tackifier; Ultraviolet absorbers; Oxidation inhibitor; Hindered amine light stabilizers etc. are even by agitator blended under agitation under-10 ~ 40 ℃ of temperature environments;
(2) above blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is controlled at 120 ~ 290 degree, extrudate after filtration, metering extrudes, curtain coating, cooling, drawing-off, separate-type paper overlay film, coiling process, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane.
This encapsulation film as solar cell widespread use of polycarbonate membrane, for adapting to above industrial requirement, the invention provides nanometer aluminium powder modified polycarbonate film.This film both can be used in the backlight place of thin-film solar cells, also can be used in the light inlet film surface of thin-film solar cells, also can be used in the middle layer of thin-film solar cells simultaneously, improved the efficiency of light absorption of solar cell.Improve the generating efficiency of solar cell.
Nano metal aluminum particulate is easy to passivation, although can change shape and size, after passivation, nanoparticle attribute change is very little.Nanoparticle has rough surface, and scattered beam can enter wide spectrum wavelength region more.This can bring larger absorption, thereby improves the whole efficiency of battery.The scattering of metallic aluminium nanoparticle has increased light and has rested on the time in film, makes the light of overall absorption reach a kind of level, and traditional solar cell can match in excellence or beauty.Through using the thin-film solar cells of film processing of the present invention to improve 3-15% than the thin-film solar cells performance without the processing of this film.Thin-film solar cells is used after this film, and metallic aluminium nanoparticle can direct light enter solar cell preferably, prevents light escape.Solve in traditional " thick film " solar cell, nanoparticle does not have any effect and all essential problems that relies on thickness solution of light absorption.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) by polycarbonate resin (PC2805 Bayer Bitterfeld GmbH) 100 kg; Nanometer aluminium powder 0.0001kg; Crosslinking and curing agent (2,5-dimethyl-2,5 pairs of (t-butyl peroxy) hexanes) 0.8kg; Ultraviolet absorbers (2-hydroxyl-4 methoxy benzophenone) 0.1 kg; Oxidation inhibitor (four [B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester) 0.1 kg; Amine photostabilizer (two (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) diester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems) 0.2 kg, even by agitator blended under agitation under-10-5 ℃ temperature environment;
(2) above blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is controlled at 120-290 ℃, extrudate filters, measures and extrude (volume pump turnover pressure difference is 2MPa), casting films thickness 50UM, 10 ℃ of air coolings, 2 times of degree of draft drawing-offs, separate-type paper overlay films, the operation such as batches through 180 order strainers, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane.
Embodiment 2
(1) by polycarbonate resin (2458, Bayer Bitterfeld GmbH) 100 kg; Nanometer aluminium powder 0.1 kg; Crosslinking and curing agent (2,5-dimethyl-2,5 pairs of (t-butyl peroxy) hexanes) 0.5 kg; Tackifier (titanate coupling agent) 0.1 kg; Ultraviolet absorbers (2-hydroxyl-4 methoxy benzophenone) 0.12 kg; Oxidation inhibitor (three (nonyl benzene) phosphorous acid ester) 0.2 kg; Amine photostabilizer (two (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) diester in the last of the ten Heavenly stems) 0.1 kg, even by agitator blended under agitation under-10-40 ℃ temperature environment;
(2) above blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is controlled at 120-290 ℃, extrudate filters, measures and extrude (volume pump turnover pressure difference is 2MPa), casting films thickness 50UM, 10 ℃ of air coolings, 2 times of degree of draft drawing-offs, separate-type paper overlay films, the operation such as batches through 180 order strainers, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane.
Embodiment 3
(1) by polycarbonate resin (9920, Japanese Supreme Being people) 100 kg; Nanometer aluminium powder, 0.05kg; Crosslinking and curing agent (the two tert-butyl peroxides of 1,1-() 3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane) 1.25kg; Tackifier (r – glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane) 0.2kg; Ultraviolet absorbers (2-hydroxyl-4 oxy-octyl benzophenone) 0.16 kg; Oxidation inhibitor (tricresyl phosphite (single nonyl benzene and dinonyl benzene) mixed ester) 0.15 kg; Amine photostabilizer ((2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) sebate) 0.15 kg, even by agitator blended under agitation under 0-10 ℃ of temperature environment;
(2) above blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is controlled at 120-290 ℃, extrudate filters, measures and extrude (volume pump turnover pressure difference is 2MPa), casting films thickness 50UM, 10 ℃ of air coolings, 2 times of degree of draft drawing-offs, separate-type paper overlay films, the operation such as batches through 180 order strainers, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane.
Embodiment 4
(1) by polycarbonate resin (153R-111, U.S. GE(SABIC)) 100 kg; Nanometer aluminium powder 0.008 kg; Crosslinking and curing agent (the two tert-butyl peroxides of 1,1-() 3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane) 1.0 kg; Tackifier (vinyltriethoxysilane) 0.3 kg; Ultraviolet absorbers (2-[4, two (2, the 4-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines-2-yls of 5-]-5-(octyloxy) phenol) 0.18 kg; Oxidation inhibitor (distearyl acidic group pentaerythritol diphosphites) 0.18kg; Amine photostabilizer (poly-succinic (4 hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--1 piperidines ethanol) ester) 0.12 kg, even by agitator blended under agitation under 10-20 ℃ of temperature environment;
(2) above blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is controlled at 120-290 ℃, extrudate filters, measures and extrude (volume pump turnover pressure difference is 2MPa), casting films thickness 50UM, 10 ℃ of air coolings, 2 times of degree of draft drawing-offs, separate-type paper overlay films, the operation such as batches through 180 order strainers, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane.
Embodiment 5
(1) by polycarbonate resin (AD-5503, Japanese Supreme Being people) 100 kg; Nanometer aluminium powder 0.002 kg; Crosslinking and curing agent (t-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonic ether) 1.2 kg; Tackifier (3 – aminopropyl triethoxysilane) 0.4 kg; Ultraviolet absorbers (2-[4, two (2, the 4-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines-2-yls of 5-]-5-(octyloxy) phenol) 0.2 kg; Oxidation inhibitor (three (2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorous acid ester) 0.12 kg; Amine photostabilizer (poly-succinic (4 hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--1 piperidines ethanol) ester) 0.18 kg, even by agitator blended under agitation under 30-40 ℃ of temperature environment;
(2) above blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is controlled at 120-290 ℃, extrudate filters, measures and extrude (volume pump turnover pressure difference is 2MPa), casting films thickness 50UM, 10 ℃ of air coolings, 2 times of degree of draft drawing-offs, separate-type paper overlay films, the operation such as batches through 180 order strainers, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells polycarbonate membrane.
Claims (9)
1. a flexibility or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, is characterized in that: the following component by following weight parts is made: polycarbonate 100; Nanometer aluminium powder 0.0001-0.1; Crosslinking and curing agent 0.5 ~ 1.25; Ultraviolet absorbers 0.1 ~ 0.2; Tackifier 0 ~ 0.4; Oxidation inhibitor 0.1 ~ 0.2; Amine photostabilizer 0.1 ~ 0.2.
2. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, is characterized in that: described polycarbonate is aliphatics, aromatic series, aliphatic-aromatic polycarbonate.
3. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, is characterized in that: described polycarbonate is aromatic copolycarbonate.
4. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, it is characterized in that: described amine photostabilizer is two (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) last of the ten Heavenly stems diester, (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--4-piperidyl) sebate, poly-succinic (4 hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl--1 piperidinyl-acetate) in one or more mixing.
5. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, is characterized in that: described tackifier are one or more in titanate coupling agent, r – aminopropyl triethoxysilane, r – glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 3 – aminopropyl triethoxysilanes.
6. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, it is characterized in that: described crosslinking and curing agent is 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 pairs of (t-butyl peroxy) hexanes, 1, the two tert-butyl peroxides of 1-() 3, one or more mixing in 3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane or t-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonic ether.
7. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, it is characterized in that: described ultraviolet absorbers is 2-hydroxyl-4 methoxy benzophenone, 2-hydroxyl-4 oxy-octyl benzophenone or 2-[4,5-two (2,4-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl]-5-(octyloxy) any one in phenol.
8. flexibility according to claim 1 or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane, it is characterized in that: described antioxidant is three (2, 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorous acid ester, distearyl acidic group pentaerythritol diphosphites, tricresyl phosphite (single nonyl benzene and dinonyl benzene) mixed ester, three (nonyl benzene) phosphorous acid ester, four [B-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, B-(4-hydroxyl-3, 5 di-tert-butyl-phenyls) positive 18 silkworm carbon alcohol ester or the N of propionic acid, N '-1, 6-dihexyl two (3, 5-bis-(1, 1-dimethyl ethyl) one or more mixing in-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl.
9. the preparation method of photocuring polycarbonate membrane for flexibility claimed in claim 1 or thin-film solar cells, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) use agitator blended under agitation under-10 ~ 40 ℃ of temperature environments even polycarbonate resin, nanometer aluminium powder, crosslinking and curing agent, tackifier, ultraviolet absorbers, oxidation inhibitor, hindered amine light stabilizer;
(2) blend is imported to screw mixes forcing machine and carry out blending extrusion, temperature is 120 ~ 290 ℃, extrudate after filtration, metering extrudes, curtain coating, cooling, drawing-off, separate-type paper overlay film, coiling process, obtains a kind of flexibility or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane.
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| CN201210589327.8A CN103897370B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Flexibility or thin-film solar cells photocuring polycarbonate membrane and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103897370A true CN103897370A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN103897370B CN103897370B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5120245A (en) * | 1974-08-12 | 1976-02-18 | Teijin Chemicals Ltd | Taikoseifuirumuno seizoho |
| CN102664208A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-12 | 华东理工大学 | Synergistic heat radiation solar cell assembly and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5120245A (en) * | 1974-08-12 | 1976-02-18 | Teijin Chemicals Ltd | Taikoseifuirumuno seizoho |
| CN102664208A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-12 | 华东理工大学 | Synergistic heat radiation solar cell assembly and preparation method thereof |
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