CN103897086A - Preparation method of poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer - Google Patents
Preparation method of poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer. The poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer is synthesized successfully by using hexahydropyridine as a third component and by virtue of positive ionic copolymerization; the poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer has good molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. The invention provides a method for synthesizing the poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer, and the synthesis method is applicable to preparation of the poly(isobutene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymer by use of a slurry process and a solution process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the synthetic method of high-molecular copolymer, more particularly, relate to the 3rd component of closing as cationic copolymerization using hexahydropyridine, improve the stability in positive ion active centre, control speed of response, the method for poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers of preparation high molecular and narrow molecular weight distributions.
Background technology
Tradition isoprene-isobutylene rubber (IIR) has excellent resistance to air loss, lower second-order transition temperature, excellent damping and ageing-resistant performance, have a wide range of applications in the field such as automobile, biological medicine, but traditional isoprene-isobutylene rubber has a lot of deficiencies, the consistency of tradition isoprene-isobutylene rubber and other rubber is poor, be unfavorable for other blend rubbers mixing, and molecular chain contains undersaturated pair of key, easily crosslinked in rubber post-production process, produce incipient scorch.Poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) multipolymer is a kind of isobutylene-based polymers (iso-butylene structural unit content >90% in polymkeric substance), have the resistance to air loss similar to isoprene-isobutylene rubber and damping and amortization, but copolymerization adopts p-methylstyrene to replace the isoprene in traditional isoprene-isobutylene rubber, and synthetic polymer molecule chain is full saturated structures.So poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) has the heatproof air aging performance, ozone resistance, fatigue resistance and the wear resistance that approach ethylene-propylene rubber(EPR), more excellent than traditional isoprene-isobutylene rubber performance.In poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) ubiquitous doughnut of multipolymer applied range, also use the dynamic property that can improve tire, reduce rolling resistance and improve anti-slippery, also comprise cushioning material, the aspects such as tyre airtight layer, conveying belt and rubber hose.
In US5430118A and US5162445A detailed elaboration employing aluminum chloride and aluminum alkyls synthesized poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) multipolymer as initiator system at-80～-100 DEG C.In document, initiator is to adopt the mode of directly adding to add in reaction system, and not by ageing, the activity of initiator system is difficult to control, and initiator has only been selected aluminum chloride and ethyl aluminum dichloride.In patent US5430118A and US5162445A, solution method synthetic polymer solvent for use is that methyl chloride and hexane volume ratio are 6/4.Gelatin viscosity is large, and it is poor that reaction is conducted heat, and glue wall cling phenomenon is serious, synthetic with short production cycle.And do not add in the literature the 3rd component, and polymeric reaction temperature is lower, and energy consumption is larger, and molecular weight distribution is all greater than 2.
In CN1568335A detailed elaboration adopted under zirconium halide and halogenation hafnium and organic acyl chlorides condition and synthesized isoolefin copolymers.Initiator collocation method complexity in document, need to be under-40 DEG C of conditions, and zirconium chloride and the ageing in methyl chloride of organic acyl chlorides, stir 4 hours.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention overcomes the deficiency of current technology, and the 3rd component that hexahydropyridine is closed as cationic copolymerization, stablizes positive ion active centre, control speed of response, improve polymericular weight, reduce molecular weight distribution, gathered preferably (iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) multipolymer.
Concrete technical scheme is:
Poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers preparation method, it is characterized in that: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, adopting main initiator and coinitiator ageing complexing is initiator system, adding hexahydropyridine is the 3rd component, taking iso-butylene and p-methylstyrene as raw material, in methyl chloride and hexane mixed solvent, prepare poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers by cationic polymerization;
Preferably, hexahydropyridine concentration in cationic polymerization system is 2 × 10
-3～2 × 10
-4mol/L, with ratio of initiator be 0.5-2.0;
Preferably, methyl chloride and hexane volume ratio are 4/6～2/8;
Preferably, system monomer concentration is at 15wt%-28wt%, and in poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers, p-methylstyrene content is at 1-20wt%;
Preferably, hexahydropyridine, as the 3rd component of cationic polymerization, has two kinds of addition manners, mode 1: during by monomer feed, add polymeric kettle with monomer material; Mode 2: with main initiator and coinitiator composition initiator system, common ageing, adds polymeric kettle with initiator system;
Preferably, mode 1 is prepared multipolymer method:
(1) polymeric kettle charging: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, to the methyl chloride, the isobutylene monomer that add certain mass in reactor, p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution, and hexahydropyridine, mix;
(2) initiator system configuration: coinitiator and main initiator fully mix and with hexane dilution, at low temperature maturation 5-20min;
(3) polymkeric substance is synthetic: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, initiator system is dropwise added in polymeric kettle to synthetic poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers; .
Preferably, mode 2 is prepared multipolymer method:
(1) polymeric kettle charging: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, to the methyl chloride, the isobutylene monomer that add certain mass in reactor, p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution, mix;
(2) initiator system configuration: coinitiator and main initiator fully mix and with hexane dilution, then add a certain amount of hexahydropyridine, at low temperature maturation 5-20min;
(3) polymkeric substance is synthetic: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, initiator system is dropwise added in polymeric kettle to synthetic poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers
Preferably, gather the number-average molecular weight of (iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers at 50,000-500,000g/mol, molecular weight distribution is at 1.3-3.0;
Preferably, iso-butylene and p-methylstyrene monomer conversion are at 60-90%;
Preferably, coinitiator be alkyl aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride one of them; Main initiator is water, HCl gas, dicumyl chlorine (DCC), 2-is chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane (TMPCL) one of them, main initiator and coinitiator digestion time are 5-20min;
Preferably, alkyl aluminum chloride is ethyl aluminum dichloride, trichlorine triethyl two aluminium;
Preferably, synthetic poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers by this method, iso-butylene structural unit content range is 80-99wt%;
Preferably, solvent system is hexane and methyl chloride mixed solution, and mixed volume ratio is 1/100～100/1.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: embodiment 1,2,3 sample GPC spectrogram contrasts.
Embodiment
Enumerate 10 embodiment below, the present invention is further illustrated, the present invention is not only limited to this embodiment.Embodiment 1,2,3 is simultaneous tests, shows that by contrast experiment hexahydropyridine can improve polymericular weight, reduces molecular weight distribution.Hexahydropyridine adds mode 2 slightly more better than mode 1, and test mode is GPC spectrogram.
Embodiment 1
Under-80 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 450g methyl chloride, 340g iso-butylene and 690g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 20g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 1:2, monomer concentration is 24.3wt%), get 1ml2-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethylpentane TMPCl (0.4M) and 10ml titanium tetrachloride (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator and coinitiator mol ratio are 1:10), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.004mol/L in initiator system), low temperature maturation 15min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polyase 13 0min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, expansion drying.
Embodiment 2
Under-80 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 450g methyl chloride, 340g iso-butylene and 690g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 20g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 1:2, monomer concentration is 24.3wt%), get 1ml2-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethylpentane TMPCl (0.4M), 10ml titanium tetrachloride (0.4M) and 1ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 1:10:1), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.004mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.004mol/L), low temperature maturation 15min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polyase 13 0min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, expansion drying.
Embodiment 3
Under-80 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 450g methyl chloride, 340g iso-butylene, 690g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 20g) and 1ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 1:2, monomer concentration is 24.3wt%), get 1ml2-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethylpentane TMPCl (0.4M) and 10ml titanium tetrachloride (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 1:10:1), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.004mol/L in initiator system), low temperature maturation 15min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polyase 13 0min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, expansion drying.
Embodiment 4
Under-100 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 690g methyl chloride, 300g iso-butylene and 530g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 30g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 1:1, monomer concentration is 21.5wt%), get 7.2mg water, 10ml trichlorine triethyl two aluminium (0.4M) and 10ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 1:10:10), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.004mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.04mol/L), low temperature maturation 3min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polymerization 50min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, expansion drying.
Embodiment 5
Under-85 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 300g iso-butylene and 1000g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 10g), fully mix (monomer concentration is 23.8wt%), get 3.6mg water, 10ml ethyl aluminum dichloride (0.3M) and 1ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 1:15:0.5), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.002mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.001mol/L), low temperature maturation 5min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polymerization 50min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, flash evaporation drying.
Embodiment 6
Under-90 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 270g methyl chloride, 160g iso-butylene and 840g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 40g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 2:8, monomer concentration is 15.7wt%), get 7.3mgHCl gas, 9ml trichlorine triethyl two aluminium (0.4M) and 3ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 1:18:6), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.002mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.012mol/L), low temperature maturation 1min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polymerization 40min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, flash evaporation drying.
Embodiment 7
Under-30 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 303g p-methylstyrene and iso-butylene mix monomer (wherein p-methylstyrene 3g), polymeric kettle is cooled to-75 DEG C, in polymeric kettle, add 1380g methyl chloride, fully mix (monomer concentration is 18wt%), get 14.6mgHCl gas, 10ml ethyl aluminum dichloride (0.3M) and 1ml hexahydropyridine (0.04M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 2:15:0.2), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.004mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.0004mol/L), low temperature maturation 5min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polymerization 50min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, flash evaporation drying.
Embodiment 8
Under-70 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 550g methyl chloride, 450g iso-butylene and 650g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 50g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 4:6, monomer concentration is 30.3wt%), get 0.6mlDCC solution (0.5M), 12.5ml trichlorine triethyl two aluminium (0.4M) and 7.5ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 0.3:5:3), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.003mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.03mol/L), low temperature maturation 20min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polymerization 60min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, flash evaporation drying.
Embodiment 9
Under-80 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 1100g methyl chloride, 400g iso-butylene and 220g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 20g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 8:2, monomer concentration is 24.4wt%), get 0.8mlDCC solution (0.5M), 20ml titanium tetrachloride (0.4M) and 0.4ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 5:100:2), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.004mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.0016mol/L), low temperature maturation 3min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polymerization 40min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, flash evaporation drying.
Embodiment 10
Under-60 DEG C of conditions, in polymeric kettle, add 830g methyl chloride, 360g iso-butylene and 460g p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution (wherein p-methylstyrene 60g), fully mix (methyl chloride: the volume ratio of hexane is 6:4, monomer concentration is 23.1wt%), get 3mlTMPCl(0.4M), 10ml trichlorine triethyl two aluminium (0.4M) and 4ml hexahydropyridine (0.4M) are mixedly configured into initiator system (main initiator: coinitiator: hexahydropyridine mol ratio is 3:10:4), add again 100ml hexane dilution (main initiator concentration: 0.012mol/L in initiator system, hexahydropyridine concentration: 0.016mol/L), low temperature maturation 5min.The good initiator system of dilution ageing is dropwise added to initiated polymerization in polymeric kettle, after polyase 13 0min, add the pre-cold methanol termination reaction of 20ml, flash evaporation drying.
Claims (13)
1. poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers preparation method, it is characterized in that: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, adopting main initiator and coinitiator ageing complexing is initiator system, adding hexahydropyridine is the 3rd component, taking iso-butylene and p-methylstyrene as raw material, in methyl chloride and hexane mixed solvent, prepare poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers by cationic polymerization.
2. gather according to claim 1 (iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers preparation method, it is characterized in that: hexahydropyridine concentration in cationic polymerization system is 2 × 10
-3～2 × 10
-4mol/L, with ratio of initiator be 0.5-2.0.
3. gather according to claim 1 (iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers preparation method, it is characterized in that: methyl chloride and hexane volume ratio are 4/6～2/8.
4. the preparation method of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: system monomer concentration is at 15wt%-28wt%, and in poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers, p-methylstyrene content is at 1-20wt%.
5. the preparation method of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hexahydropyridine is as the 3rd component of cationic polymerization, there are two kinds of addition manners, mode 1: during by monomer feed, add polymeric kettle with monomer material; Mode 2: with main initiator and coinitiator composition initiator system, common ageing, adds polymeric kettle with initiator system.
6. the preparation method of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers according to claim 5, is characterized in that: mode 1 is prepared multipolymer method:
(1) polymeric kettle charging: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, to the methyl chloride, the isobutylene monomer that add certain mass in reactor, p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution, and hexahydropyridine, mix;
(2) initiator system configuration: coinitiator and main initiator fully mix and with hexane dilution, at low temperature maturation 5-20min;
(3) polymkeric substance is synthetic: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, initiator system is dropwise added in polymeric kettle to synthetic poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers.
7. the preparation method of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers according to claim 5, is characterized in that: mode 2 is prepared multipolymer method:
(1) polymeric kettle charging: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, to the methyl chloride, the isobutylene monomer that add certain mass in reactor, p-methylstyrene and hexane mixed solution, mix;
(2) initiator system configuration: coinitiator and main initiator fully mix and with hexane dilution, then add a certain amount of hexahydropyridine, at low temperature maturation 5-20min;
(3) polymkeric substance is synthetic: under-60～-100 DEG C of conditions, initiator system is dropwise added in polymeric kettle to synthetic poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers.
8. the preparation method of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number-average molecular weight of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers is 50,000-500,000g/mol, molecular weight distribution is at 1.3-3.0.
9. the preparation method of poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: iso-butylene and p-methylstyrene monomer conversion are at 60-90%.
10. poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: coinitiator be alkyl aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride one of them; Main initiator is water, HCl gas, dicumyl chlorine (DCC), 2-is chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane (TMPCL) one of them, main initiator and coinitiator digestion time are 5-20min.
11. gather (iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers preparation method according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: alkyl aluminum chloride is ethyl aluminum dichloride trichlorine triethyl two aluminium.
The preparation method of 12. poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymerss according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: synthetic poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymers by this method, iso-butylene structural unit content range is 80-99wt%.
The preparation method of 13. poly-(iso-butylene-co-p-methylstyrene) random copolymerss according to claim 1, is characterized in that: solvent system is hexane and methyl chloride mixed solution, and mixed volume ratio is 1/100～100/1.
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| CN105733110B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-11-27 | 北京石油化工学院 | One kind can repeatedly process thermal reversion crosslinking polyisobutene class method for preparing rubber |
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| CN108822240A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-16 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of preparation method of isobutene and p-methylstyrene copolymer |
| CN111393556A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-10 | 山东京博中聚新材料有限公司 | Isomonoolefin-alkylstyrene copolymer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111393556B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2023-04-07 | 山东京博中聚新材料有限公司 | Isomonoolefin-alkylstyrene copolymer and preparation method thereof |
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