CN103896964B - The preparation method of cepham intermediate - Google Patents

The preparation method of cepham intermediate Download PDF

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CN103896964B
CN103896964B CN201410127279.XA CN201410127279A CN103896964B CN 103896964 B CN103896964 B CN 103896964B CN 201410127279 A CN201410127279 A CN 201410127279A CN 103896964 B CN103896964 B CN 103896964B
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cephem
chloromethyl
amino
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CN103896964A (en
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居沈贵
薛峰
邢卫红
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D501/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
    • C07D501/14—Compounds having a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 7
    • C07D501/16—Compounds having a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 7 with a double bond between positions 2 and 3
    • C07D501/20—7-Acylaminocephalosporanic or substituted 7-acylaminocephalosporanic acids in which the acyl radicals are derived from carboxylic acids
    • C07D501/24—7-Acylaminocephalosporanic or substituted 7-acylaminocephalosporanic acids in which the acyl radicals are derived from carboxylic acids with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms or hetero rings, attached in position 3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D501/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
    • C07D501/02—Preparation
    • C07D501/04—Preparation from compounds already containing the ring or condensed ring systems, e.g. by dehydrogenation of the ring, by introduction, elimination or modification of substituents
    • C07D501/06—Acylation of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the preparation method of cepham intermediate, 3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride (3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) or 3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl)) is adopted to be raw material, in a solvent with acid binding agent in and after, then with tert-Butyl dicarbonate (Boc 2o) under catalytic condition, reaction generates 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylicesters (Cpd1 and Cpd2).The cephalo female ring method for preparing raw material of a kind of practicality provided by the invention, product yield 96%, purity 98.5%.

Description

The preparation method of cepham intermediate
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the preparation method of cepham intermediate; Particularly relate to the preparation method of a kind of 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylicesters.
Background technology:
3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylicesters is the important cepham intermediate feed of a class, significant for cephalosporins medicine synthesis.
For 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid to the synthesis of methoxybenzyl ester (Cpd1): the people such as MijoonLee use N-(trimethyl silicon based) ethanamide is catalyzer, in the methylene dichloride of ACLE.HCl, with Boc 2o reacts preparation; Silicagel column purification yield 51% was adopted in literary composition.(JournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety, 125 (52), 16322-16326; 2003) yield is lower, and catalyst n-(trimethyl silicon based) ethanamide of employing to water sensitive, and is 6 times of molar equivalents of ACLE.HCl consumption, and price is more expensive, thus causes cost higher, brings the shortcomings such as post-processing difficulty.
Du Zuyin etc. (CN102827190) adopt in aqueous phase, adopt Tetrabutyl amonium bromide to be phase-transfer catalyst, at room temperature under property condition, under ACLE.HCl and alkali neutrality condition, with Boc 2target product is prepared in O reaction.Under alkaline condition, tert-Butyl dicarbonate easily decomposes, and in production process, consumption rate is comparatively large, and the process time is longer, yield 80%.
Lin Kaichao (CN101993450B) adopts tetrahydrofuran (THF) to make solvent, and triethylamine is acid binding agent, compd A CLE.HCl and Boc 2o reacts 8h, then obtains target product through aftertreatment.Yield 87.21%.
For the synthesis of 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate (Cpd2), the people such as SakaneK adopt 7-ACA to be raw material, through hydrolysis, and Boc 2o amido protecting, hexichol diazomethane carboxylic acid is protected, then low temperature chlorination reaction target compound.Step is long, complex process, and cost is high.
（EP0307804A2.1988-09;JP92173792,1992-09-09;
J.Antibiotics.1993,46(2):539）。
Based on above bibliographical information and research situation, consider, in the urgent need to developing novel process to meet the need of market from cost and operational condition.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is the preparation method providing cepham intermediate in order to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, adopt Simple process synthesis to manufacture cephalo female ring, yield is high, product purity is high; Avoid the conventional processing routes wastage of material brought of complexity and hidden ring environment pollution.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the preparation method of cepham intermediate, and its concrete steps are as follows: 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and solvent under agitation, keep-5-0 DEG C of cooling bath, add acid binding agent; Add catalyzer again, drip Boc 2o, 20-25 DEG C of stirring reaction, obtains 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylicesters.
Preferably above-mentioned 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride is that 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride or 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride.
Preferably above-mentioned solvent is methylene dichloride or 1,2-ethylene dichloride halogenated hydrocarbon solvent; Ethyl acetate or propyl acetate esters solvent; Normal hexane or hexanaphthene alkane solvents; Tetrahydrofuran (THF) or Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane.
Preferably above-mentioned acid binding agent is pyridine, triethylamine, powdered sodium carbonate, powdery sodium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate powder.The add-on of preferred described acid binding agent is the pH value 7-8 being neutralized to reaction soln, and general 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and acid binding agent mol ratio are 1:(1.0-1.1).
Preferably above-mentioned catalyzer is DMAP (DMAP) or 4-diethylin pyridine (DEAP); The add-on of catalyzer is control 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and catalyst molar ratio is 1:(0.008-0.05).
Preferred Boc 2the consumption of O is: 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and Boc 2o mol ratio is 1:(1-1.5).
The consumption of above-mentioned solvent, is advisable with complete solvent materials and reactant; Reaction times does not do requirement, and following the tracks of reaction according to high performance liquid chromatography or T.C.L point plate, is the end time to the time that material concentration no longer changes.
Beneficial effect:
1., owing to adopting 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride as raw material, obtain according to its structural analysis: 3-position chlorine is active reaction position; 7-bit amino and 4-position carboxyl all protected, to first carry out the modification of 3-position cynnematin synthesis very convenient.
2. this technique normal-temperature reaction, less demanding to acid or alkali environment, and survivable to hot and that soda acid is responsive cephalo female ring, so purity is high, yield is high, is easy to purify.
3. the catalyzer that this technique adopts adopts other product of technical grade, and raw material sources are extensive, are easy to buying.
4. post-reaction treatment is simple, and target product yield 96%, HPLC purity 98.5%, meets the need of market completely.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is to the synthesis of methoxybenzyl ester (Cpd1).
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.2g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h, to reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.45g.Yield 96%; HPLC content 98.5%.
1H-NMR（300MHz，DMSO-d 6）：
δ（ppm）：1.37-1.44（s，9H），3.35（d,2H）,3.48(d,1H),
3.64-3.73(s,3H),4.41(d,1H),4.52(d,1H),5.08(d,1H),5.09(d,1H),5.12-5.23(s,2H),
5.48(q,1H),6.89-6.92(m,2H),7.32-7.34(m,2H).
Embodiment 2
The synthesis of 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate (Cpd2).
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.2g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 25 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.95g.Yield 96.2%; HPLC content 98.0%.
1H-NMR（300MHz，DMSO-d 6）：
δ（ppm）：1.38-1.44（s，9H），3.35（d,2H）,3.35(d,1H),
3.52-3.72(s,3H),4.40(d,1H),4.42(d,1H),5.12(d,1H),5.14(d,1H),5.56(s,1H),
6.93(q,1H),7.27-7.49(m,11H),8.01-8.04(m,2H).
Embodiment 3
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and ethyl acetate 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.2g, adds Boc 2o32.7g(0.15mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 6h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, ethyl acetate layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.40g.Yield 94.9%; HPLC content 98.2%.
Embodiment 4
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip pyridine 8.6g(0.11mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.2g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 25 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.42g.Yield 95.3%; HPLC content 98.2%.
Embodiment 5
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip triethylamine 8.6g(0.11mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.2g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.43g.Yield 95.6%; HPLC content 98.2%.
Embodiment 6
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and normal hexane 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.4g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5.5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, isolate white solid, use sherwood oil recrystallization, vacuum-drying, obtain 4.2g.Yield 90.6%; HPLC content 98.0%.
Embodiment 7
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 2L in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5-0 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.3g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 25 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.43g.Yield 95.5%; HPLC content 98.5%.
Embodiment 8
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, add powdered sodium carbonate 10.7g(0.101mol), be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, add DMAP0.3g, add Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.33g.Yield 92.7%; HPLC content 98.0%.
Embodiment 9
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and ethyl acetate 1L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DEAP0.3g, adds Boc 2o30g(0.138mol) 25 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, ethyl acetate layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.7g.Yield 94.9%; HPLC content 98.2%.
Embodiment 10
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip pyridine 8.6g(0.11mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.3g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 22 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.72g.Yield 95.3%; HPLC content 98.2%.
Embodiment 11
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip triethylamine 8.6g(0.11mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.2, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.5g, adds Boc2O55g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.73g.Yield 95.6%; HPLC content 98.2%.
Embodiment 12
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and normal hexane 1L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.3g, adds Boc 2o22.9g(0.105mol) 25 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, white solid sherwood oil recrystallization, obtains 4.48g.Yield 90.6%; HPLC content 98.0%.
Embodiment 13
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 2L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.1g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.73g.Yield 95.5%; HPLC content 98.5%.
Embodiment 14
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and methylene dichloride 1L is added in 3L reactor, be cooled to-5 DEG C, add powdered sodium carbonate 10.7g(0.101mol), be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, add DEAP0.1g, add Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.6g.Yield 92.7%; HPLC content 98.0%.
Embodiment 15
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride (ACLH.HCl) 45.2g (0.1mol) and 1 is added in 3L reactor, 2-ethylene dichloride 2L, be cooled to-5 DEG C, add potassium carbonate powder 13.9g(0.101mol), be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DMAP0.8g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 5h.To reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Pour in 500mL water, be separated, ethylene dichloride layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.55g.Yield 91.7%; HPLC content 97.8%.
Embodiment 16
3-chloromethyl-7 beta-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is added to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride (ACLE.HCl) 40.5g (0.1mol) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) 1L in 3L reactor, be cooled to 0 DEG C, drip triethylamine 10.2g(0.101mol), dropwise, be neutralized to pH value 7.8, reaction 30min, adds DEAP0.1g, adds Boc 2o26.2g(0.12mol) 20 DEG C of reaction 7h, to reaction raw materials content no longer changes.Be concentrated into dry, add methylene dichloride 500mL and water 500mL, be separated, dichloromethane layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, is concentrated into dry, obtains 4.39g.Yield 94.7%; HPLC content 98.0%.

Claims (6)

1. the preparation method of cepham intermediate, its concrete steps are as follows: 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and solvent under agitation, keep-5-0 DEG C of cooling bath, add acid binding agent; Add catalyzer again, drip Boc 2o, 20-25 DEG C of stirring reaction, obtains 3-chloromethyl-7 β-tertiary fourth oxygen acyl amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylicesters; Wherein said catalyzer is DMAP or 4-diethylin pyridine; The add-on of catalyzer is control 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and catalyst molar ratio is 1:(0.008-0.05).
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride is that 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid is to methoxybenzyl ester hydrochloride or 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-diphenylmethyl carboxylate hydrochloride.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described solvent is methylene dichloride, 1,2-ethylene dichloride, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, normal hexane, hexanaphthene, tetrahydrofuran (THF) or Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described acid binding agent is pyridine, triethylamine, powdered sodium carbonate, powdery sodium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate powder.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the add-on of described acid binding agent is the pH value 7-8 being neutralized to reaction soln.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that Boc 2the consumption of O is: 3-chloromethyl-7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylate hydrochloride and Boc 2o mol ratio is 1:(1-1.5).
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CN106317077B (en) * 2015-06-24 2020-07-17 连云港恒运药业有限公司 Novel efficient preparation method of cefoselis sulfate intermediate
CN108033972B (en) * 2017-12-29 2020-05-19 山东裕欣药业有限公司 Synthesis method of cefprozil

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