CN103888555A - IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm - Google Patents
IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm. By using information included in the head of an application layer protocol, packets with the same IPv4 address and the same port are mapped to different IPv6 addresses through an application layer, and IPv4/IPv6 translation from the same IPv4 address and the same service port to different IPv6 addresses and the same service port is achieved. According to the IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm, different pure IPv6 servers can be accessed by any IPv4 address in the IPv4 Internet, the pure IPv6 servers can provide services for IPv6 clients, and can also provide services for IPv4 clients by using the same port, the problem of the shortage of a public IPv4 address in a data center is solved effectively, and transition of Internet information resources from IPv4 to IPv6 is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer network communication technology field, particularly a kind of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm.
Background technology
At present in order to solve the not enough problem in IPv4 address, Internet engineering group (Internet Engineering Task Force, be called for short IETF) design sixth version procotol IPv6, its addressing of address scope has 2128, can thoroughly solve the problem of IPv4 address shortage.But for various reasons, IPv6 agreement and IPv4 agreement are incompatible, can not realize two good interconnecting, therefore need a kind of method or technology can realize the transition of IPv4 to IPv6.Once attempted in the industry solving by the method for " dual stack " problem interconnecting, but the experiences and lessons of IPv6 popularization in nearly ten years proves, can not access the numerous network information resources of IPv4, telex network that can not be numerous with IPv4.
For common Internet user, can distribute private ip v4 address, using NAT(Network Address Translation, network address translation) technology solves the tcam-exhaustion of IPv4 address.Be the switch technology of legal publicly-owned IPv4 address by privately owned (reservation) IPv4 address spaces, it is widely used in all kinds interconnection network access mode and various types of network.NAT has not only solved the problem of IPv4 address shortage, but also can effectively avoid the attack from network-external, hides the also computer of protecting network inside.
For server, must use publicly-owned IPv4 address that the service within the scope of the Internet just can be provided.Adopt current stateless IPv4/IPv6 address transition and method for converting protocol, can use the pure IPv6 server of different addresses to share the identical publicly-owned address of IPv4, but need to provide service by different ports, if when a certain service request uses identical port, can not directly make in this way.Therefore the pure IPv6 server of prior art can't provide service for IPv6 client computer and IPv4 client computer at identical port.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
How what the present invention will solve makes pure IPv6 server provide service for IPv6 client computer and IPv4 client computer at identical port if being, thereby effectively solve the technical problem of publicly-owned IPv4 Address Run Short.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm, comprising:
S1, between IPv4 the Internet and IPv6 server, translation gateway is set, configures one group of IPv4 and can translate the parameter of address, configuration needs application layer protocol parameter to be processed;
S2, IPv4 client computer send first kind IPv4 grouping to translation gateway;
The information that S3, layer protocol head Network Based, transport layer protocol head and application layer protocol head comprise, first kind IPv6 grouping is translated in first kind IPv4 grouping by translation gateway, and sends;
S4, IPv6 server receive first kind IPv6 grouping, process, and produce and send Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping;
S5, translation gateway receive Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping, and Equations of The Second Kind IPv4 grouping is translated in Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping by translation gateway, and sends to IPv6 client computer.
Further, described translation gateway is IPv4/IPv6 network layer-transport layer translation gateway and IPv4/IPv6 application level translation gateway.
Further, in step S1, configuring the parameter that one group of IPv4 can translate address specifically comprises:
Select IPv6 prefix and length according to the definition of RFC6052, select multiplexing ratio, publicly-owned IPv4 address embedded to IPv6 prefix, according to multiplexing than design forming IPv6 suffix, form one group of publicly-owned address of share I Pv4, share the pure IPv6 address of same port, configure the A record of corresponding DNS, carry out application layer protocol parameter configuration at translation gateway, IPv4 client queries DNS, obtain A record, parse IPv4 source address and IPv4 destination address, obtain first kind IPv4 grouping.
Further, the information that in step S3, layer protocol head Network Based, transport layer protocol head and application layer protocol head comprise, translation gateway is translated into first kind IPv6 grouping by first kind IPv4 grouping and is specifically comprised:
S31, translation gateway checks the first kind IPv4 agreement adopting of dividing into groups, whether destination address and target port be in the scope of need application layer protocol to be processed, if it is process in application layer according to application layer protocol, and IPv4 destination address and target port to network layer and transport layer translated into IPv6 destination address and target port, perform step afterwards S32, otherwise according to being mapped in network layer and transport layer is processed, the IPv4 destination address of network layer and transport layer and target port are translated into IPv6 destination address and target port, perform step afterwards S32,
S32, the IPv4 source address of dividing into groups according to first kind IPv4 and source port mapping produce IPv6 source address and source port;
The IPv6 source address that S33, the IPv6 destination address obtaining according to step S31 and target port and step S32 obtain and source port assembling, form first kind IPv6 grouping.
Further, the mapping in step S31 and step S32 is all carried out according to RFC6052 standard.
The source address of in step S5, Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 being divided into groups further, and destination address are done to shine upon specifically and are comprised:
S51, the destination address that Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 is divided into groups are done mapping and are produced IPv4 destination address, and target port is constant;
S52, the source address that Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 is divided into groups are done mapping and are produced IPv4 source address, and source port is constant;
IPv4 source address, source port assembling that S53, the IPv4 destination address obtaining according to step S51, target port and step S52 obtain, form Equations of The Second Kind IPv4 grouping.
Further, the mapping in step S51 and step S52 is all carried out according to RFC6052 standard.
Further, translation gateway carries out IPv4/IPv6 translation according to any application layer protocol.
Further, translation gateway carries out IPv4/IPv6 translation according to the arbitrary parameter of any application layer protocol.
(3) beneficial effect
The invention discloses a kind of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm, the information of utilizing application layer protocol head to comprise, grouping for identical IPv4 address and same port is mapped as to different IPv6 addresses by application layer, realizes the IPv4/IPv6 translation to different IP v6 address and same services port of identical IPv4 address and same services port.This algorithm makes any IPv4 address on IPv4 the Internet can access different pure IPv6 servers, ensure that pure IPv6 server not only can provide service for IPv6 client computer, also can use identical port to provide service for IPv4 client computer, effectively solve the publicly-owned IPv4 Address Run Short problem of data center, and advance the transition of internet information resource from IPv4 to IPv6.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of a kind of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm of providing in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the internetwork connection mode schematic diagram of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm, and steps flow chart as shown in Figure 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S1, between IPv4 the Internet and IPv6 server, translation gateway is set, configures one group of IPv4 and can translate the parameter of address, configuration needs application layer protocol parameter to be processed.
Step S2, IPv4 client computer send first kind IPv4 grouping to translation gateway.
The information that step S3, layer protocol head Network Based, transport layer protocol head and application layer protocol head comprise, first kind IPv6 grouping is translated in first kind IPv4 grouping by translation gateway, and sends.
Step S4, IPv6 server receive first kind IPv6 grouping, process, and produce and send Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping.
Step S5, translation gateway receive Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping, and Equations of The Second Kind IPv4 grouping is translated in Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping by translation gateway, and sends to IPv6 client computer.
Further, translation gateway described in the present embodiment is IPv4/IPv6 network layer-transport layer translation gateway and IPv4/IPv6 application level translation gateway, wherein network layer and transport layer share a translation gateway, are therefore called IPv4/IPv6 network layer-transport layer translation gateway.
Further, in step S1, configuring the parameter that one group of IPv4 can translate address specifically comprises:
Select IPv6 prefix and length according to the definition of RFC6052, select multiplexing ratio, publicly-owned IPv4 address is embedded to IPv6 prefix, according to multiplexing than design forming IPv6 suffix, form one group of publicly-owned address of share I Pv4, share the pure IPv6 address of same port, configure the A record of corresponding DNS;
Carry out application layer protocol parameter configuration at translation gateway, IPv4 client queries DNS(Domain Name System, domain name system), obtain A record, parse IPv4 source address and IPv4 destination address, obtain first kind IPv4 grouping.
Further, the information that in step S3, layer protocol head Network Based, transport layer protocol head and application layer protocol head comprise, translation gateway is translated into first kind IPv6 grouping by first kind IPv4 grouping and is specifically comprised:
Step S31, translation gateway checks the first kind IPv4 agreement adopting of dividing into groups, whether destination address and target port be in the scope of need application layer protocol to be processed, if it is process in application layer according to application layer protocol, and IPv4 destination address and target port to network layer and transport layer translated into IPv6 destination address and target port, perform step afterwards S32, otherwise according to being mapped in network layer and transport layer is processed, the IPv4 destination address of network layer and transport layer and target port are translated into IPv6 destination address and target port, perform step afterwards S32.
Step S32, the IPv4 source address of dividing into groups according to first kind IPv4 and source port mapping produce IPv6 source address and source port.
The IPv6 source address that step S33, the IPv6 destination address obtaining according to step S31 and target port and step S32 obtain and source port assembling, form first kind IPv6 grouping.
Further, the mapping in step S31 and step S32 is all carried out according to RFC6052 standard.
The source address of in step S5, Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 being divided into groups further, and destination address are done to shine upon specifically and are comprised:
S51, the destination address that Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 is divided into groups are done mapping and are produced IPv4 destination address, and target port is constant.
S52, the source address that Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 is divided into groups are done mapping and are produced IPv4 source address, and source port is constant.
IPv4 source address, source port assembling that S53, the IPv4 destination address obtaining according to step S51, target port and step S52 obtain, form Equations of The Second Kind IPv4 grouping.
Further, the mapping in step S51 and step S52 is all carried out according to RFC6052 standard.
Further, translation gateway carries out IPv4/IPv6 translation according to any application layer protocol.
Further, translation gateway carries out IPv4/IPv6 translation according to the arbitrary parameter of any application layer protocol.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned algorithm IPv6 client computer receives the 2nd IPv4 grouping, checks afterwards whether communication finishes, if be to stop at this point, otherwise the operation of repeating step S2-S5.
As shown in Figure 2, the front end of pure IPv6 server group arranges the IPv4/IPv6 gateway of this patent definition to the internetwork connection mode schematic diagram of the IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm providing in following the present embodiment, is connected to IPv4 the Internet.According to RFC6052 and expansion thereof, publicly-owned shared IPv4 address is mapped as to different IPv6 address (can translate address), configuration is given and is used the pure IPv6 server of different domain names to use.
Below above-mentioned IP v4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm is described for example, workflow diagram is as shown in Figure 3, concrete:
The shared publicly-owned address of IPv4 of pure IPv6 server group is 1.1.1.1, all provides www service by 80 ports, and establishing multiplexing ratio is that 4096, IPv6 prefix is 2001:da8:1dc: :/48, and the domain name of these servers and corresponding IPv6 address are as shown in table 1:
| 1.1.1.1:80 | a.com | 2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0000:: |
| 1.1.1.1:80 | b.com | 2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0100:: |
| 1.1.1.1:80 | c.com | 2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0200:: |
| 1.1.1.1:80 | d.com | 2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0300:: |
| 1.1.1.1:80 | e.com | 2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0400:: |
| 1.1.1.1:80 | …… | …… |
| 1.1.1.1:80 | z.com | 2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:7f00:: |
Table 1
When IPv4 client computer 100.2.3.4 is to IPv6 server b.com,
2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0100:: 80 ports initiate http when communication, its IPv4 source address port and destination address port are respectively: (100.2.3.4:P, 1.1.1.1:80), wherein source port is produced at random by 100.2.3.4, be labeled as P, target port is the serve port 80 of www, and in http request, the domain name of URL is b.com.IPv4/IPv6 translation gateway is according to the destination address 1.1.1.1 in network layer protocol, the domain name b.com that URL in destination port number 80 and application layer protocol in transport layer protocol comprises, its destination address and target port are translated into ([2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0100: :]: 80), according to RFC6052, source address and source port are translated into ([2001:db8:1dc:6402:3:400: :]: P).When IPv6 server is received after grouping, IPv6 source address port and the destination address port of response are respectively:
（[2001:db8:1dc:6402:3:400::]:P，
[2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0100: :]: 80), by IPv4/IPv6 translation gateway, its IPv4 source address port and destination address port are respectively: (1.1.1.1:80,100.2.3.4:P), this process is carried out repeatedly, until communication process finishes.
Similarly, when IPv4 client computer 100.2.3.4 is to IPv6 server c.com
2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0200:: 80 ports initiate http when communication, its IPv4 source address port and destination address port are respectively: (100.2.3.4:Q, 1.1.1.1:80), wherein source port is produced at random by 100.2.3.4, be labeled as Q, target port is the serve port 80 of www, and in http request, the domain name of URL is c.com.IPv4/IPv6 translation gateway is according to the destination address 1.1.1.1 in network layer protocol, the domain name c.com that URL in destination port number 80 and application layer protocol in transport layer protocol comprises, its destination address and target port are translated into ([2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0200: :]: 80), according to RFC6052, source address and source port are translated into ([2001:db8:1dc:6402:3:400: :]: Q).When IPv6 server is received after grouping, IPv6 source address port and the destination address port of response are respectively:
（[2001:db8:1dc:6402:3:400::]:Q，
[2001:db8:1dc:0101:01:01c0:0200: :]: 80), by IPv4/IPv6 translation gateway, its IPv4 source address port and destination address port are respectively: (1.1.1.1:80,100.2.3.4:Q).Itself and IPv6 server, for example d.com, e.com ... the same, and this process carries out repeatedly,
Until communication process finishes.
It should be noted that, in above-described embodiment, just taking www service as example, be still suitable for for other service is same, will not enumerate herein.
It should be noted that, arbitrarily in application protocol, the arbitrary parameter of head all can be used as in IPv4/IPv6 translation from identical IPv4 address and same port to the analysis of different IP v6 address and same port and the basis of criterion.
Due to the IPv4/IPv6 translation that utilizes Application level protocols analysis to carry out identical IPv4 address and same services port arrives different IP v6 address and same services port, make any IPv4 address on IPv4 the Internet can access different pure IPv6 servers, the present invention can solve the publicly-owned IPv4 Address Run Short problem of data center effectively, and advances the transition of internet information resource from IPv4 to IPv6.
Above execution mode is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. an IPv4/IPv6 stateless translation algorithm, is characterized in that, comprising:
S1, between IPv4 the Internet and IPv6 server, translation gateway is set, configures one group of IPv4 and can translate the parameter of address, configuration needs application layer protocol parameter to be processed;
S2, IPv4 client computer send first kind IPv4 grouping to translation gateway;
The information that S3, layer protocol head Network Based, transport layer protocol head and application layer protocol head comprise, first kind IPv6 grouping is translated in first kind IPv4 grouping by translation gateway, and sends;
S4, IPv6 server receive first kind IPv6 grouping, process, and produce and send Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping;
S5, translation gateway receive Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping, and Equations of The Second Kind IPv4 grouping is translated in Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping by translation gateway, and sends to IPv6 client computer.
2. algorithm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described translation gateway is IPv4/IPv6 network layer-transport layer translation gateway and IPv4/IPv6 application level translation gateway.
3. algorithm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, configures the parameter that one group of IPv4 can translate address and specifically comprise in step S1:
Select IPv6 prefix and length according to the definition of RFC6052, select multiplexing ratio, publicly-owned IPv4 address embedded to IPv6 prefix, according to multiplexing than design forming IPv6 suffix, form one group of publicly-owned address of share I Pv4, share the pure IPv6 address of same port, configure the A record of corresponding DNS, carry out application layer protocol parameter configuration at translation gateway, IPv4 client queries DNS, obtain A record, parse IPv4 source address and IPv4 destination address, obtain first kind IPv4 grouping.
4. algorithm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the information that in step S3, layer protocol head Network Based, transport layer protocol head and application layer protocol head comprise, and translation gateway is translated into first kind IPv6 grouping by first kind IPv4 grouping and is specifically comprised:
S31, translation gateway checks the first kind IPv4 agreement adopting of dividing into groups, whether destination address and target port be in the scope of need application layer protocol to be processed, if it is process in application layer according to application layer protocol, and IPv4 destination address and target port to network layer and transport layer translated into IPv6 destination address and target port, perform step afterwards S32, otherwise according to being mapped in network layer and transport layer is processed, the IPv4 destination address of network layer and transport layer and target port are translated into IPv6 destination address and target port, perform step afterwards S32,
S32, the IPv4 source address of dividing into groups according to first kind IPv4 and source port mapping produce IPv6 source address and source port;
The IPv6 source address that S33, the IPv6 destination address obtaining according to step S31 and target port and step S32 obtain and source port assembling, form first kind IPv6 grouping.
5. algorithm as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the mapping in step S31 and step S32 is all carried out according to RFC6052 standard.
6. algorithm as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the source address to Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 grouping in step S5 and destination address are done to shine upon specifically and comprised:
S51, the destination address that Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 is divided into groups are done mapping and are produced IPv4 destination address, and target port is constant;
S52, the source address that Equations of The Second Kind IPv6 is divided into groups are done mapping and are produced IPv4 source address, and source port is constant;
IPv4 source address, source port assembling that S53, the IPv4 destination address obtaining according to step S51, target port and step S52 obtain, form Equations of The Second Kind IPv4 grouping.
7. algorithm as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the mapping in step S51 and step S52 is all carried out according to RFC6052 standard.
8. the algorithm as described in any one in claim 1-7, is characterized in that, translation gateway carries out IPv4/IPv6 translation according to any application layer protocol.
9. algorithm as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, translation gateway carries out IPv4/IPv6 translation according to the arbitrary parameter of any application layer protocol.
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| CN112769695A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2021-05-07 | Nicira股份有限公司 | Dynamic datapath at edge gateways |
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