CN103887482A - Preparation method of graphene-lithium silicate composite anode material - Google Patents

Preparation method of graphene-lithium silicate composite anode material Download PDF

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CN103887482A
CN103887482A CN201410138387.7A CN201410138387A CN103887482A CN 103887482 A CN103887482 A CN 103887482A CN 201410138387 A CN201410138387 A CN 201410138387A CN 103887482 A CN103887482 A CN 103887482A
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graphene oxide
graphene
mixture
sulphur
lithium silicate
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CN103887482B (en
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王杨
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Wulanchabu Dasheng Graphite New Material Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027Negative electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a graphene-lithium silicate composite anode material. The method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing lithium silicate; (2) adding sodium sulfide into deionized water, completely dissolving substances through ultrasonic dispersion, adding surface active dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide into ionized water, stirring at room temperature to enable surface active dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide to be completely dissolved, and mixing the two solutions in a reaction vessel; keeping the reaction vessel at constant temperature in water bath, slowly and dropwise adding a proper amount of concentrated sulfuric acid, continuing to keep constant temperature, adding a graphene oxide solution while fiercely stirring, and cooling; centrifuging the mixture, washing and drying to obtain sulfur/graphene oxide; (3) mixing lithium silicate and sulfur/graphene oxide to obtain a mixture, and carrying out mechanical ball milling on the mixture to obtain the graphene-lithium silicate composite anode material. The graphene-lithium silicate composite anode material prepared by using the preparation method is prepared by compounding a silicon-lithium material with high-energy density and a sulfur/graphene oxide material with high conductivity and circulatory stability so as to have the characteristics of high energy density and high stability.

Description

A kind of preparation method of Graphene-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of Graphene-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material.
Background technology
In numerous regenerative resources, to have specific energy large because of it for lithium ion battery, has extended cycle life, and security performance is good, nuisanceless etc., and advantage becomes a kind of desirable selection.Electrode material is the key factor that determines performance of lithium ion battery, and business-like carbon negative pole material has approached its theoretical capacity (372mAhg-1) in the market, thereby has limited further developing of lithium ion battery.Therefore, find a kind of good cycling stability, lithium ion battery negative material that energy density is high, significant for the use field of widening lithium ion battery.
Researcher is devoted to find a kind of non-carbon negative pole material of alternative material with carbon element always in recent years, and main research comprises nitride, silica-base material, tin-based material and other alloy materials etc.It is large that alloy material of cathode has specific capacity, and embedding lithium current potential is high, and electrolyte sensitiveness is low, the advantages such as good conductivity, but alloy material of cathode volumetric expansion in charge and discharge process causes active material efflorescence, electrically contacts forfeiture, and battery performance worsens.Silicon, as negative material, can form Li12Si7, Li with lithium 13si 4, Li 7si 13and Li 22si 4up to 4200mAh/g, thereby become the focus of people's research Deng, theoretical capacity.But due to close-packed structure, silicon volumetric expansion in charge and discharge process is large, material efflorescence is serious, and nano-silicon and thin film silicon cost of manufacture are high in addition, and these are all restricting its application in lithium ion battery.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of Graphene-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material, the negative material that uses the method to prepare, has higher specific capacity and cyclical stability.
To achieve these goals, the preparation method of a kind of Graphene-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material provided by the invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) prepare lithium metasilicate
Nanometer silicon monoxide, lithium oxalate are mixed and ground for the ratio of 2-3:1 in mass ratio and evenly obtain mixture, mixture is placed in to reactor, in reactor, pass into helium, and react 10-20h after being warming up to 500-750 DEG C with the heating rate of 3-5 DEG C/min, obtain lithium metasilicate, cooling for subsequent use;
(2) prepare sulphur/graphene oxide
Vulcanized sodium is joined in deionized water, by ultrasonic dispersion, material is dissolved completely, surface activity DTAB is added in ionized water, under room temperature, stir and make it to dissolve completely, wherein the weight ratio of surfactant and sulphur is 0.05-0.1:1, and above-mentioned two solution are being mixed in reaction vessel;
By above-mentioned reaction vessel constant temperature 30-60min in 50-60 DEG C of water-bath, slowly drip the appropriate concentrated sulfuric acid, continue constant temperature 2-5h, under vigorous stirring, add the graphene oxide solution of 0.15g/ml, wherein the weight ratio of graphene oxide and sulphur is 3-5:1, continues to be cooled to room temperature after reaction 1-2h;
Said mixture is obtained to sulphur/graphene oxide through the washing of centrifugal, ethanol, after dry at 60~80 DEG C of temperature;
(3) ratio that is 10:2-3 by above-mentioned lithium metasilicate with sulphur/graphene oxide mass ratio is mixed, and gained mixture is mechanical ball milling 12-24h under 400-500r/min rotating speed, obtains product.
Graphene-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material prepared by the present invention, the silicon lithium material and sulphur/graphene oxide Material cladding with high conductivity and cyclical stability of high-energy-density will be there is, make material have the feature of high-energy-density and high stability concurrently, while making this composite negative pole material for lithium ion battery, have compared with height ratio capacity and longer useful life.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-
Nanometer silicon monoxide, lithium oxalate are mixed and ground for the ratio of 2:1 in mass ratio and evenly obtain mixture, mixture is placed in to reactor, in reactor, passes into helium, and react 20h after being warming up to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min, obtain lithium metasilicate, cooling for subsequent use.
Vulcanized sodium is joined in deionized water, by ultrasonic dispersion, material is dissolved completely, surface activity DTAB is added in ionized water, under room temperature, stir and make it to dissolve completely, wherein the weight ratio of surfactant and sulphur is 0.05:1, and above-mentioned two solution are being mixed in reaction vessel.
By above-mentioned reaction vessel constant temperature 60min in 50 DEG C of water-baths, slowly drip the appropriate concentrated sulfuric acid, continue constant temperature 2h, under vigorous stirring, add the graphene oxide solution of 0.15g/ml, wherein the weight ratio of graphene oxide and sulphur is 3:1, continues to be cooled to room temperature after reaction 1h; Said mixture is obtained to sulphur/graphene oxide through the washing of centrifugal, ethanol, after dry at 60 DEG C of temperature.
The ratio that is 10:2 with sulphur/graphene oxide mass ratio by above-mentioned lithium metasilicate is mixed, and gained mixture is mechanical ball milling 24h under 400r/min rotating speed, obtains product.
Embodiment bis-
Nanometer silicon monoxide, lithium oxalate are mixed and ground for the ratio of 3:1 in mass ratio and evenly obtain mixture, mixture is placed in to reactor, in reactor, passes into helium, and react 10h after being warming up to 750 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, obtain lithium metasilicate, cooling for subsequent use.
Vulcanized sodium is joined in deionized water, by ultrasonic dispersion, material is dissolved completely, surface activity DTAB is added in ionized water, under room temperature, stir and make it to dissolve completely, wherein the weight ratio of surfactant and sulphur is 0.1:1, and above-mentioned two solution are being mixed in reaction vessel.
By above-mentioned reaction vessel constant temperature 30min in 60 DEG C of water-baths, slowly drip the appropriate concentrated sulfuric acid, continue constant temperature 5h, under vigorous stirring, add the graphene oxide solution of 0.15g/ml, wherein the weight ratio of graphene oxide and sulphur is 5:1, continues to be cooled to room temperature after reaction 2h; Said mixture is obtained to sulphur/graphene oxide through the washing of centrifugal, ethanol, after dry at 80 DEG C of temperature.
The ratio that is 10:3 with sulphur/graphene oxide mass ratio by above-mentioned lithium metasilicate is mixed, and gained mixture is mechanical ball milling 12h under 500r/min rotating speed, obtains product.
Comparative example
Taking Si powder as major ingredient; taking graphite powder as auxiliary material; the granularity of Si powder and graphite powder is all less than 20 μ m; be to put into steel ball grinder after mixing at 95: 5 in mass ratio by Si powder and graphite powder; steel ball grinder is vacuumized and is filled with after in triplicate by argon replaces again argon gas as protection gas; the ball grinder that is filled with protection gas is placed in to planetary ball mill; ball radius is 15-5mm; be 500 revs/min of lower ball millings 80 hours at rotating speed, make granularity and be less than 20 μ m lithium ion battery negative silicon based composite materials.
Above-described embodiment one, two and comparative example products therefrom, respectively as active electrode material, are assembled into 2032 type button cells and carry out loop test.The composition and ratio of electrode material is: active material: conductive agent: PVdF=8:1:1(mass ratio); Be lithium metal to electrode; Electrolyte is EC/DMC (volume ratio the is 1:1) solution of 1mol/L LiPF6; Barrier film is Cellgard2400 micro-pore septum.Be at 25 DEG C, to carry out electric performance test at probe temperature, compared with the product of this embodiment mono-and two material and comparative example, the capacity that charges and discharge first improves 20-25%, brings up to useful life more than 2 times after tested.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for Graphene-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material, the method comprises the steps:
(1) prepare lithium metasilicate
Nanometer silicon monoxide, lithium oxalate are mixed and ground for the ratio of 2-3:1 in mass ratio and evenly obtain mixture, mixture is placed in to reactor, in reactor, pass into helium, and react 10-20h after being warming up to 500-750 DEG C with the heating rate of 3-5 DEG C/min, obtain lithium metasilicate, cooling for subsequent use;
(2) prepare sulphur/graphene oxide
Vulcanized sodium is joined in deionized water, by ultrasonic dispersion, material is dissolved completely, surface activity DTAB is added in ionized water, under room temperature, stir and make it to dissolve completely, wherein the weight ratio of surfactant and sulphur is 0.05-0.1:1, and above-mentioned two solution are being mixed in reaction vessel;
By above-mentioned reaction vessel constant temperature 30-60min in 50-60 DEG C of water-bath, slowly drip the appropriate concentrated sulfuric acid, continue constant temperature 2-5h, under vigorous stirring, add the graphene oxide solution of 0.15g/ml, wherein the weight ratio of graphene oxide and sulphur is 3-5:1, continues to be cooled to room temperature after reaction 1-2h;
Said mixture is obtained to sulphur/graphene oxide through the washing of centrifugal, ethanol, after dry at 60~80 DEG C of temperature;
(3) ratio that is 10:2-3 by above-mentioned lithium metasilicate with sulphur/graphene oxide mass ratio is mixed, and gained mixture is mechanical ball milling 12-24h under 400-500r/min rotating speed, obtains product.
CN201410138387.7A 2014-04-08 2014-04-08 The preparation method of a kind of sulphur/graphene oxide-lithium metasilicate composite negative pole material Active CN103887482B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101913616A (en) * 2010-08-13 2010-12-15 北京科技大学 Preparation method of lithium silicate material with high purity
JP2011113862A (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-09 Hitachi Maxell Ltd Nonaqueous secondary battery and method of manufacturing the same
CN102709533A (en) * 2012-06-12 2012-10-03 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 Preparation method of lithium sulphur battery anode material with high power and high specific capacity
CN103258992A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-08-21 浙江大学 Preparation method for lithium-ion battery cathode material with high initial coulomb efficiency

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011113862A (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-09 Hitachi Maxell Ltd Nonaqueous secondary battery and method of manufacturing the same
CN101913616A (en) * 2010-08-13 2010-12-15 北京科技大学 Preparation method of lithium silicate material with high purity
CN102709533A (en) * 2012-06-12 2012-10-03 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 Preparation method of lithium sulphur battery anode material with high power and high specific capacity
CN103258992A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-08-21 浙江大学 Preparation method for lithium-ion battery cathode material with high initial coulomb efficiency

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHIL-HOON DOH ET AL: ""Analysis on the Formation of Li4SiO4 and Li2SiO3 through First"", 《JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY》 *

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