CN103884552A - Method for making small-scale heterogeneous centrifugal model - Google Patents
Method for making small-scale heterogeneous centrifugal model Download PDFInfo
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- CN103884552A CN103884552A CN201410079117.3A CN201410079117A CN103884552A CN 103884552 A CN103884552 A CN 103884552A CN 201410079117 A CN201410079117 A CN 201410079117A CN 103884552 A CN103884552 A CN 103884552A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for making a small-scale heterogeneous centrifugal model. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a geometric reduced scale Ns of a prototype slope in a same plastic deformation state through numerical simulation; secondly, performing ordinary gravity reduced scale n on the slope after the geometric reduced scale is performed, and enabling the centrifugal model and the prototype slope to have the same stress-strain characteristics when the condition that physical quantity similitude ratio Lpg is equal to (Nsn)Lmg is met; thirdly, performing orthogonal testing on physical indexes and mechanical indexes of a slope material to obtain the relationship of initial content of water, initial density and shear strength of the slope material, controlling the content of the water and the density of a building material to directly reflect the shear strength of the slope material, and enabling the strength of the centrifugal model to be consistent with the strength of the prototype slope; and finally, confirming the sizes of the centrifugal models one by one according to the physical quantity similitude ratio, and making the corresponding centrifugal models. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being clear in principle, high in operability, wide in application range, trustable in result and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of Geotechnical Engineering experiment, refer in particular to the preparation method of a kind of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model.
Background technology
Geotechnical centrifugal model test is the best investigative technique of similarity up to now, particularly aspect reflection gravity field, has outstanding advantages, thereby in slope stability analysis, has obtained effectively and application widely.But this technology is for ultra-large type size and obviously can meet with the difficult problems of two aspects when slope, bank, Ti Tu storehouse, heterogeneous body slope: the one, and because holding quantitative limitation, hydro-extractor make the side slope can not be by complete copy; The 2nd, because side slope soil (rock) body non-homogeneous makes, intensity is inconsistent is difficult to direct reflection in centrifugal model.Although existing scholar is studied, from quantizing angle, preparation method's the report of this type of centrifugal model that can be replicated or rarely seen is clearly proposed.
Geotechnical centrifugal model test principle is the centrifugal field of utilizing hydro-extractor to form after prototype reduced scale to be improved to the body force of model, thereby forms artificial gravity.In the time that former molded dimension is n with the ratio of moulded dimension, the acceleration of hydro-extractor need reach a
m=ng, wherein g is acceleration of gravity.If prototype structure is oversize, there will be the physical dimension of centrifugal model and the contradiction of hydro-extractor capacity, due to centrifugal test case size and the quantitative limitation of hydro-extractor acceleration appearance, make large-scale side slope be difficult to directly carry out full-scale simulation by above-mentioned gravity guide.This is the biggest problem being present at present in large-scale prototype structure centrifugal model test field.Although have a small amount of research report, due to the nonlinear characteristic in soil body material and actual slope failure, these analogy methods seldom have universality and repeatability.So, test prototype for large scale and carry out centrifugal model test and first need to invent one and there is fine mechanically similar centrifugal model preparation method, can represent prototype under the prerequisite meeting hydro-extractor capacity limit.The method not only will have theory support and checking, will have operability and well repeated simultaneously.
Another difficult problem of carrying out centrifugal model test for large-scale side slope is the problem how heterogeneity of slope body material copies, because different soil (rock) layer has different strength characteristicies and the stabilization and deformation of side slope is had to the most directly impact, therefore need best similarity in centrifugal test model.Existing research adopts the method for even embankment slope model mostly, and some has adopted the model preparation method that also more employing experience is compared and contrasted of non-homogeneous dam filling construction, lacks quantified controlling standard.
Through extensively consulting interrelated data, not yet find at present the fine solution to the problems described above of energy, do not find the test result the same with the present invention yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and defect, a kind of rationally preparation method of reliable little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model is provided.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the present invention is: the preparation method of a kind of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model, first, selects how much reduced scale N of the prototype side slope with identical state of plastic deformation by numerical simulation
s; Secondly, then the side slope after how much reduced scales is carried out to conventional gravity reduced scale n, make it meeting physical quantity ratio of similitude L
pg=(N
sn) L
mwhen g condition, centrifugal model and prototype side slope have identical stress-strain feature, wherein, and L
pfor former molded dimension, L
mfor the size of centrifugal model; Then, slope body material is carried out to the orthogonal test of physical index and mechanical index, obtain the relation of initial aqueous rate, initial density and slope body material shearing strength; Follow again, directly reflect the shearing strength of slope body material by controlling the water percentage of filling material and density, make the intensity of centrifugal model consistent with the intensity of prototype side slope, realize heteropical the copying of slope body material; Finally, determine one by one centrifugal model size according to physical quantity ratio of similitude, and make corresponding centrifugal model, so far just complete the making of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model.
The preparation method of little guide of the present invention, heterogeneous body centrifugal model, comprises the following steps:
1) adopt identical soil/rock constitutive relation and model parameter, select to have with the equivalent plastic strain of prototype side slope the reduced scale side slope of best similarity degree by numerical simulation, confirm to have how much reduced scale N of identical state of plastic deformation
s;
2) side slope after how much reduced scales is carried out to conventional gravity reduced scale n, still can be similar to and adopt linear elasticity similarity theory at above-mentioned reduced scale scope internal stress-strain stress relation, thereby provide the Main physical amount ratio of similitude based on the little guide principle of similitude: L
pg=(N
sn) L
mg;
3) for the soil body of prototype side slope zones of different, carry out the orthogonal test of physical index and mechanical index, obtain the relation of initial aqueous rate, initial density and slope body material shearing strength;
4) determine that according to orthogonal experiments the target in the each region of centrifugal model fills physical index, realize heteropical the copying of slope body material;
5) determine one by one centrifugal model size according to physical quantity ratio of similitude, and make corresponding centrifugal model, so far just complete the making of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model.
In step 5), the making flow process of described centrifugal model is: standby soil → making basement rock → making slip band → making slope body.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect in the present invention:
1, set up based on Equivalent Mechanical state the centrifugal model similarity relation that geometry guide is greater than gravity guide, orthogonal experiments based on physical index and mechanical index is set up soil strength and the quantification empirical relationship that fills moisture content and dry density, directly to reflect the actual strength of this slope, region body material by the physical characteristics of controlling zones of different filling material, said method is by well for ultra-large type, the preparation of the centrifugal model of non-homogeneous slop, test findings has been verified the feasible of method for making, repeating of the credible and testing program of result, there is principle clear, workable, applicability is wide, the advantages such as credible result,
2, can be used for general Geotechnical Engineering stable problem, as: the centrifugal model test of side slope, foundation ditch, ground etc., has good market outlook.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prototype side slope synoptic chart.
Fig. 2 is the equivalent plastic strain figure of prototype side slope.
Fig. 3 is side slope figure after having best similar reduced scale to prototype equivalent plastic strain.
Fig. 4 is little guide, material centrifugal model design drawing heterogeneous.
Fig. 5 is that centrifugal model is made process flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is the real-time monitoring effect of centrifugal model while carrying out centrifugal test.
Fig. 7 toe deformation state figure during to ordinary water level that is natural side slope at reservoir filling.
To be natural side slope be down to the restrict water supply toe sliding mode figure of position of flood at reservoir level from normal pool level to Fig. 8.
Fig. 9 is the view of side slope after off-test after toe is reinforced.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Little guide described in the present embodiment, the preparation method of heterogeneous body centrifugal model are how much reduced scale N that first select the prototype side slope with identical state of plastic deformation by numerical simulation
s; Secondly, then the side slope after how much reduced scales is carried out to conventional gravity reduced scale n, make it meeting physical quantity ratio of similitude L
pg=(N
sn) L
mwhen g condition, centrifugal model and prototype side slope have identical stress-strain feature, wherein, and L
pfor former molded dimension, L
mfor the size of centrifugal model; Then, slope body material is carried out to the orthogonal test of physical index and mechanical index, obtain the relation of initial aqueous rate, initial density and slope body material shearing strength; Follow again, directly reflect the shearing strength of slope body material by controlling the water percentage of filling material and density, make the intensity of centrifugal model consistent with the intensity of prototype side slope, reach the test objective of the non-homogeneous stability of slope of analysis and distortion; Finally, determine one by one centrifugal model size according to physical quantity ratio of similitude, and make corresponding centrifugal model, so far just complete the making of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 9, the inventive method is specifically described, its concrete condition is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, the side slope in figure has that size is large, side slope material is non-homogeneous, the inconsistent feature of intensity.
For above-mentioned side slope size, adopt identical soil (rock) constitutive relation and model parameter, the equivalent plastic strain of prototype side slope as shown in Figure 2, select to have with the equivalent plastic strain of prototype side slope the reduced scale side slope of best similarity degree by numerical simulation, confirm to have how much reduced scale N of identical state of plastic deformation
s, Fig. 3 is selected result.
Side slope after how much reduced scales is carried out to conventional gravity reduced scale n, still can be similar to and adopt linear elasticity similarity theory at above-mentioned reduced scale scope internal stress-strain stress relation, thereby provide the Main physical amount ratio of similitude based on the little guide principle of similitude: L
pg=(N
sn) L
mg, in formula, each symbolic significance is the same.
For the soil body of prototype side slope zones of different, carry out the orthogonal test of physical index and mechanical index, obtain the relation of initial aqueous rate, initial density and slope body material shearing strength, as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 orthogonal test
Determine that according to orthogonal experiments the target in the each region of centrifugal model fills physical index, as shown in Figure 4, realize heteropical the copying of slope body material.
Determine one by one centrifugal model size according to physical quantity ratio of similitude, (in example, adopt n=120, N as shown in Figure 4
s=3), and make corresponding centrifugal model, as shown in Figure 5, the making flow process of described centrifugal model is: standby soil → making basement rock → making slip band → making slope body.
Fig. 6 is the real-time monitoring effect while carrying out centrifugal test for the centrifugal model shown in Fig. 5, and cannot carry out in the centrifugal model test that adopts this side slope before the present invention.
Draft testing program and operating condition of test according to the object of asking for research.This example is: option A, the centrifugal model test of natural side slope under various fluctuation of water table conditions; Option b, carries out the centrifugal model test under various fluctuation of water table conditions of side slope after backfill reinforcing for toe.Operating condition of test one, water level rises to normal pool level; Operating condition of test two, sudden drawdown to flood restrict water supply position etc.
At N
s=3, n=120, i.e. a
munder the condition of=120g, carry out various centrifugal model tests, obtain distortion and the sliding mode of fluctuation of water table condition slope, result as shown in Figure 7 to 9.As we know from the figure, test findings and field monitoring have good consistance, toe reinforce after side slope after off-test still in steady state (SS).
In a word, adopting after above scheme, the inventive method can effectively overcome the shortcoming that present technology exists, set up based on Equivalent Mechanical state the centrifugal model similarity relation that geometry guide is greater than gravity guide, orthogonal experiments based on physical index and mechanical index is set up soil strength and the quantification empirical relationship that fills moisture content and dry density, directly to reflect the actual strength of this slope, region body material by the physical characteristics of controlling zones of different filling material, said method is by well for ultra-large type, the preparation of the centrifugal model of non-homogeneous slop, test findings has been verified the feasible of method for making, repeating of the credible and testing program of result.This compared to existing technology, the inventive method has the advantages such as principle is clear, workable, applicability wide, credible result, can be used for general Geotechnical Engineering stable problem, as: the centrifugal model test of side slope, foundation ditch, ground etc., there are good market outlook, be worthy to be popularized.
The examples of implementation of the above are only the present invention's preferred embodiment, not limit practical range of the present invention with this, therefore the variation that all shapes according to the present invention, principle are done all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method for little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model, is characterized in that: first, select how much reduced scale N of the prototype side slope with identical state of plastic deformation by numerical simulation
s; Secondly, then the side slope after how much reduced scales is carried out to conventional gravity reduced scale n, make it meeting physical quantity ratio of similitude L
pg=(N
sn) L
mwhen g condition, centrifugal model and prototype side slope have identical stress-strain feature, wherein, and L
pfor former molded dimension, L
mfor the size of centrifugal model; Then, slope body material is carried out to the orthogonal test of physical index and mechanical index, obtain the relation of initial aqueous rate, initial density and slope body material shearing strength; Follow again, directly reflect the shearing strength of slope body material by controlling the water percentage of filling material and density, make the intensity of centrifugal model consistent with the intensity of prototype side slope, realize heteropical the copying of slope body material; Finally, determine one by one centrifugal model size according to physical quantity ratio of similitude, and make corresponding centrifugal model, so far just complete the making of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model.
2. the preparation method of a kind of little guide according to claim 1, heterogeneous body centrifugal model, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) adopt identical soil/rock constitutive relation and model parameter, select to have with the equivalent plastic strain of prototype side slope the reduced scale side slope of best similarity degree by numerical simulation, confirm to have how much reduced scale N of identical state of plastic deformation
s;
2) side slope after how much reduced scales is carried out to conventional gravity reduced scale n, still can be similar to and adopt linear elasticity similarity theory at above-mentioned reduced scale scope internal stress-strain stress relation, thereby provide the Main physical amount ratio of similitude based on the little guide principle of similitude: L
pg=(N
sn) L
mg;
3) for the soil body of prototype side slope zones of different, carry out the orthogonal test of physical index and mechanical index, obtain the relation of initial aqueous rate, initial density and slope body material shearing strength;
4) determine that according to orthogonal experiments the target in the each region of centrifugal model fills physical index, realize heteropical the copying of slope body material;
5) determine one by one centrifugal model size according to physical quantity ratio of similitude, and make corresponding centrifugal model, so far just complete the making of little guide, heterogeneous body centrifugal model.
3. the preparation method of a kind of little guide according to claim 2, heterogeneous body centrifugal model, is characterized in that: in step 5), the making flow process of described centrifugal model is: standby soil → making basement rock → making slip band → making slope body.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105842419A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Side slope model manufacturing method with actual structure and material character represented |
| CN109001021A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Using the method for centrifugal model test evaluation geotechnical slope safety stock |
| CN109826245A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-31 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of reinforced earth tall earth fill centrifugal model test method |
| CN117686687A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-03-12 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Interface type scale model landslide simulation test device and simulation method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010141570A1 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-09 | H20 Cleaning Technologies | Apparatus and method for reclamation of treatable water |
| CN102213658A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-10-12 | 三峡大学 | Geomechanical magnetic field testing device and method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| XIAOPING CHEN 等: "Stability analysis of bank slope under conditions of reservoir impounding and rapid drawdown", 《JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING》 * |
| 陈晓平等: "库岸古滑坡离心模型试验研究", 《岩土工程学报》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105842419A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-10 | 东北大学 | Side slope model manufacturing method with actual structure and material character represented |
| CN109001021A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Using the method for centrifugal model test evaluation geotechnical slope safety stock |
| CN109826245A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-31 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of reinforced earth tall earth fill centrifugal model test method |
| CN117686687A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-03-12 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Interface type scale model landslide simulation test device and simulation method |
| CN117686687B (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-04-16 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Interface type scale model landslide simulation test device and simulation method |
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Application publication date: 20140625 |