CN103883076B - Hybrid FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) prestressed tendon based on piezoelectric ceramics, preparation method thereof and corresponding device - Google Patents
Hybrid FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) prestressed tendon based on piezoelectric ceramics, preparation method thereof and corresponding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103883076B CN103883076B CN201410066387.0A CN201410066387A CN103883076B CN 103883076 B CN103883076 B CN 103883076B CN 201410066387 A CN201410066387 A CN 201410066387A CN 103883076 B CN103883076 B CN 103883076B
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- reinforcing steel
- presstressed reinforcing
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- piezoelectric ceramic
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011157 advanced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009131 signaling function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) prestressed bar based on piezoelectric ceramics and a preparation method and a corresponding device thereof, wherein the hybrid FRP prestressed bar comprises an FRP prestressed bar material, a plurality of grooves are formed in the surface of the FRP prestressed bar material, a piezoelectric ceramic piece used as a driver is respectively fixed in each of the plurality of grooves on one side of the surface of the FRP prestressed bar material along the embedded length direction, a steel wire mesh coated with an epoxy resin layer on the surface is wrapped outside the FRP prestressed bar material, the epoxy resin layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the steel wire mesh, a fiber cloth belt impregnated with the epoxy resin is wound on the outer surface of the steel wire mesh, and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces used as sensors are fixed on the surface of the fiber cloth belt along the embedded length direction; all surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic plates used as the driver and the piezoelectric ceramic plates used as the sensor are coated with epoxy resin insulating waterproof layers. The invention improves the ductility of the FRP tendon, improves the shear resistance of the FRP tendon, and presets a monitoring system based on piezoelectric ceramics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the new material development field belonging to the field such as building, traffic, particularly a kind of intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel based on piezoelectric ceramics and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced composites FRP (FiberReinforcedPolymer/Plastic) muscle is by a kind of high-performance muscle material of the resin compounded such as continuous print glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber and polyester, vinyl or epoxy.Advanced composite materials especially carbon fibre reinforced composite CFRP (CarbonFiberReinforcedPolymer/Plastic) muscle with its intensity high (have higher than 3000MPa, be about 2 times of high strength wire), lightweight (being about 1/5 of steel), exempt from corrosion and anti-fatigue performance is good etc. that excellent properties pole promises to be is in the potential substitute of traditional plain bars, high tensile steel wire and steel strand in bridge construction under extreme natural environment.In non-prestressed FRP tendon concrete structure, because the modulus of elasticity of FRP muscle is relatively low, the distortion of structure is comparatively large, thus the high strength of FRP muscle generally can not get effective performance.In order to give full play to FRP muscle high-strength light, the feature that corrosion-resistant and anti-fatigue performance is good, FRP muscle can be used in all kinds of structure as presstressed reinforcing steel.But by FRP muscle Shi Hanzhang Concrete Structure structure, can improve the ultimate bearing capacity of its operational phase, but ductile performance greatly reduces, this is very disadvantageous concerning earthquake resistant engineering.Again because FRP does not have the obvious Plastic Flow stage, FRP structural damage often shows brittleness, and this safe handling for structure is also disadvantageous.This just causes FRP muscle to be applied in the prestressed reinforced concrete construction of civil engineering being restricted.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, not enough for prior art, a kind of intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel based on piezoelectric ceramics and preparation method thereof is provided, improve the ductile performance of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, improve the shear behavior of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, make FRP presstressed reinforcing steel not only can be used for the newly-built structure of civil structure, and the strengthen of concrete structure and the damage monitoring of structure can be applied to.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel preparation method based on piezoelectric ceramics, and the method is:
1) multiple groove is offered on FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material surface along burying length direction, described groove size is mated with piezoelectric ceramic piece size, in the groove of side, FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material surface, paste as driver piezoelectric ceramic piece along burying length direction, and encapsulate piezoelectric ceramic piece with epoxide-resin glue;
2) gauze wire cloth one end and FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material are bondd fixing, gauze wire cloth are laid smooth, and on gauze wire cloth even brushwork epoxy resin, guarantee gauze wire cloth and FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material interface epoxy resin impregnated full;
3) compress the other end of gauze wire cloth, rotate FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material and apply the stretching force axially vertical with FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material, make gauze wire cloth packed uniform wrap up FRP presstressed reinforcing steel;
4) remove unnecessary epoxy resin along FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material is axially crowded, the fiber strap flooding epoxy resin is wrapped on gauze wire cloth;
5) fixing multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece as sensor at cloth belt surface along burying length direction, namely obtaining piezoelectric ceramics intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel.
Described fiber strap axially becomes miter angle with FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material.
Present invention also offers a kind of intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel based on piezoelectric ceramics utilizing said method to prepare, comprise FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material, described FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material surface offers multiple groove along burying length direction, each groove internal fixtion has a piezoelectric ceramic piece being used as driver, described FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material is wrapped with the gauze wire cloth that external coating has epoxy resin layer, described gauze wire cloth surface uniform brushwork epoxy resin layer, described gauze wire cloth external surface is wound around the fiber strap being impregnated with epoxy resin, described cloth belt surface is fixed with multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece being used as sensor along burying length direction, all piezoelectric ceramic pieces as driver and the piezoelectric ceramic piece surface as sensor all scribble waterproofing course, and are equipped with insulating layer between all piezoelectric ceramic pieces and described groove.
Described insulating waterproof layer material is epoxy resin, and described insulative water-proof layer thickness is 0.08 ~ 0.12mm.
The invention provides a kind of rib prestressed and damage monitoring device monitoring device of FRP analyzed based on piezoelectric ceramics, comprise above-mentioned intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, described multiple equal and function generator of piezoelectric ceramic piece being used as sensor connects, the described piezoelectric ceramic piece being used as driver is all connected with data collecting instrument, described data collecting instrument access computer.
Each is used as all to be connected to electric charge adapter between the piezoelectric ceramic piece of driver and data collecting instrument.
The frequency of described function generator is 500H ~ 10KHz.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is: piezoelectric ceramic piece is introduced in FRP presstressed reinforcing steel by the present invention, its dynamic stress of on-line monitoring and Complete Damage Process in loading process can be realized, be conducive to the duty understanding it in time, thus reach monitoring object.Compared to common FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, this intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel has the advantages such as real-time online self-monitoring; FRP presstressed reinforcing steel in intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel and gauze wire cloth have extremely strong complementarity: the shear resistance of gauze wire cloth is strong, and the shear resistance of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel is poor, by resin, both are carried out compound, the shear strength of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel can be strengthened; FRP presstressed reinforcing steel is a kind of fragile material simultaneously, and gauze wire cloth is a kind of elastic-plastic material, and intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel has good ductility; Core FRP presstressed reinforcing steel involved in intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel adopts different types of fibers form with winding fiber strap, and fiber strap is wound around with the direction of two-way 45 °, can improve the ductility that this mixes FRP presstressed reinforcing steel; Relative to common FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, and in composite reinforcing, the confounding effect of fiber and gauze wire cloth makes it have the features such as good ductile performance and shear behavior; Invention increases the ductile performance of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, improve the shear behavior of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel, make FRP presstressed reinforcing steel not only can be used for the newly-built structure of civil structure, and the strengthen of concrete structure and the damage monitoring of structure can be applied to.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Making programme schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is making of the present invention and forming process schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the establishment step schematic diagram of piezoelectric ceramics intelligent monitor system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, one embodiment of the invention intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material comprises FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1, described FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 surface offers multiple groove along burying length direction, each groove internal fixtion has a piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 being used as driver, described FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 is wrapped with the gauze wire cloth 3 that external coating has epoxy resin layer, described gauze wire cloth 3 surface uniform brushwork epoxy resin layer, described gauze wire cloth 3 external surface is wound around the fiber strap 4 being impregnated with epoxy resin, described fiber strap 4 surface is fixed with multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 being used as sensor along burying length direction, all piezoelectric ceramic pieces 5 as driver and piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 surface as sensor all scribble waterproofing course, and are equipped with insulating layer between all piezoelectric ceramic pieces and described groove.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the present invention, the preparation method of intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel is as follows:
(1) in FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 muscle, several piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 being used as driver is arranged along burying length direction in recessing place side, and with epoxide-resin glue (such as can adopt bisphenol A type epoxy resin) by packaged for the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 being used as driver; Its further groove size is mated with piezoelectric ceramic piece size;
(2) gauze wire cloth 3 cut out is laid smooth, gauze wire cloth 3 one end KH502 cementing agent and FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 bond to do temporary fixed, then even brushwork epoxy resin on gauze wire cloth 3, use the even rolling extrusion of roller subsequently, ensure that gauze wire cloth 3 is full with the resin-dipping of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 interface;
(3) other end of gauze wire cloth 3 is compressed, from slowly rotating FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 with one end that FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 bonds and applying the stretching force axially vertical with FRP presstressed reinforcing steel 1, to realize gauze wire cloth 3 packed uniform parcel FRP presstressed reinforcing steel 1;
(4) remove unnecessary resin along FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 is axially crowded, finally axially become miter angle to be wound around at the hoop of FRP presstressed reinforcing steel 1 with the fiber strap 4 flooding epoxy resin along with muscle material.
(5) pasting multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 as sensor on fiber strap 4 surface along burying length direction, just obtaining intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel.
As Fig. 4, the FRP muscle intelligent monitoring device preparation process that the present invention is based on piezoelectric ceramics analysis is as follows:
(1) in groove, paste the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 being used as driver, multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 being used as sensor is pasted along burying length direction on fiber strap 4 surface, then the signal excitation produced by signal function generator 6 is used as the piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 of driver, the described piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 being used as receiver is connected with data collecting instrument 8, by data collecting instrument 8, data is reached Computerized analysis system.
(2) the described piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 being used as receiver is provided with electric charge adapter 7 between being connected with data collecting instrument 8.
(3) FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 groove surfaces is provided with insulating layer in advance.
(4) as sensor piezoelectric ceramic piece 2, be pasted onto FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material 1 groove surfaces as the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 of receiver, wire connect after scribble waterproofing course.
(5) frequency of the signal of described function generator 6 generation is 500Hz ~ 10KHz.
(6) described insulating layer is the uniform epoxy resin insulating layers of one deck, and this thickness of insulating layer controls within the scope of 0.08 ~ 0.12mm.
Claims (8)
1. mix a FRP presstressed reinforcing steel preparation method based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, the method is:
1) offering multiple groove on FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material surface along burying length direction, in groove, pasting the piezoelectric ceramic piece as driver, and encapsulate piezoelectric ceramic piece with epoxide-resin glue;
2) gauze wire cloth one end and FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material are bondd fixing, gauze wire cloth are laid smooth, and on gauze wire cloth even brushwork epoxy resin, guarantee gauze wire cloth and FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material interface epoxy resin impregnated full;
3) compress the other end of gauze wire cloth, rotate FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material and apply the stretching force axially vertical with FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material, make gauze wire cloth packed uniform wrap up FRP presstressed reinforcing steel;
4) remove unnecessary epoxy resin along FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material is axially crowded, the fiber strap flooding epoxy resin is wrapped on gauze wire cloth;
5) bury length direction at cloth belt surface along FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material and fix multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece as sensor, namely obtain piezoelectric ceramics intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel.
2. according to claim 1ly mix FRP presstressed reinforcing steel preparation method based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, described fiber strap axially becomes miter angle with FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material.
3. one kind utilize method described in claim 1 to prepare mix FRP presstressed reinforcing steel based on piezoelectric ceramics, comprise FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material (1), it is characterized in that, described FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material (1) surface offers multiple groove along burying length direction, each groove internal fixtion has a piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) being used as driver, described FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material (1) is wrapped with the gauze wire cloth (3) that external coating has epoxy resin layer, described gauze wire cloth (3) surface uniform brushwork epoxy resin layer, described gauze wire cloth (3) external surface is wound around the fiber strap (4) being impregnated with epoxy resin, described fiber strap (4) surface is buried length direction along FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material and is fixed with multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) being used as sensor, all piezoelectric ceramic pieces (5) as driver and piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) surface as sensor all scribble waterproofing course, and are equipped with insulating layer between all piezoelectric ceramic pieces and described groove.
4. according to claim 3ly mix FRP presstressed reinforcing steel based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, described fiber strap axially becomes miter angle with FRP presstressed reinforcing steel material.
5. according to claim 3 or 4, mix FRP presstressed reinforcing steel based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, described insulating waterproof layer material is epoxy resin, and described insulative water-proof layer thickness is 0.08 ~ 0.12mm.
6. one kind mixes FRP presstressed reinforcing steel prestressing force and damage monitoring device based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, comprise intelligent hybrid compound FRP presstressed reinforcing steel according to claim 5, described multiple piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) all and function generator (6) connections being used as sensor, the described piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) being used as driver is all connected with data collecting instrument (8), described data collecting instrument (8) access computer.
7. according to claim 6ly mix FRP presstressed reinforcing steel prestressing force and damage monitoring device based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, each is used as all to be connected to electric charge adapter (7) between the piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) of driver and data collecting instrument (8).
8. according to claim 6 or 7, mix FRP presstressed reinforcing steel prestressing force and damage monitoring device based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, the frequency of described function generator (6) is 500Hz ~ 10KHz.
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| CN201410066387.0A CN103883076B (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2014-02-26 | Hybrid FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) prestressed tendon based on piezoelectric ceramics, preparation method thereof and corresponding device |
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| CN201410066387.0A CN103883076B (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2014-02-26 | Hybrid FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) prestressed tendon based on piezoelectric ceramics, preparation method thereof and corresponding device |
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| CN103883076B true CN103883076B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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| CN106226506A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-14 | 长沙理工大学 | System for detecting rust expansion cracks of prestressed concrete structure and aggregate manufacturing method |
| CN106638275B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-02-06 | 东南大学 | A kind of self-circulation type piezoelectric prestressed concrete box girder |
| CN106948488A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-14 | 长沙理工大学 | Preparation method of composite steel-concrete composite beam, composite beam and monitoring device |
| CN106970197A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-21 | 长沙理工大学 | Monitoring system and method for CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) plate reinforced steel box girder cracks |
| CN108149574A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 长安大学 | A kind of intelligent strand tapered anchorage and prestressed monitoring method based on Piezoelectric Impedance method |
| CN108844820A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-20 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of prestressed, reinforced self-test anchor ring based on the offset of Piezoelectric Impedance characteristic frequency |
| CN108360743A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-08-03 | 长沙理工大学 | Built-in H-shaped steel prestressed concrete beam and preparation method thereof, and beam slippage monitoring device and method |
| CN109142521A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-04 | 南京理工大学 | Steel Bridge Deck water-proof tack coat monitoring device and method based on piezoelectric transducer |
| CN109610735B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-05-14 | 东南大学 | Distributed self-monitoring prestress composite bar based on long gauge length fiber bragg grating |
| CN110702515B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2024-10-11 | 东莞理工学院 | Self-sensing FRP rib embedded with piezoelectric ceramic sensor and use method thereof |
| CN111157023A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-15 | 昂徕博智能科技（昆山）有限公司 | Anti-corrosion intelligent aggregate based on FRP coating |
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| WO2003033256A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-24 | Kimura, Toshio | Laminate damping base material, and damping structure with stack of this base material |
| CN1450234A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2003-10-22 | 同济大学 | Layered cement base piezoelectric intelligent composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN201627299U (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-11-10 | 东北林业大学 | Wood-based piezoelectric layer plywood |
| CN102322985A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | Embedded type concrete rod piece power damage three-dimensional stress sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS6313498A (en) * | 1986-07-02 | 1988-01-20 | Nec Corp | Nondirectional underwater ultrasonic transducer |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003033256A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-24 | Kimura, Toshio | Laminate damping base material, and damping structure with stack of this base material |
| CN1450234A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2003-10-22 | 同济大学 | Layered cement base piezoelectric intelligent composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN201627299U (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-11-10 | 东北林业大学 | Wood-based piezoelectric layer plywood |
| CN102322985A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | Embedded type concrete rod piece power damage three-dimensional stress sensor |
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