CN103881760A - Novel micro-channel circularly cooling gasification process nozzle - Google Patents

Novel micro-channel circularly cooling gasification process nozzle Download PDF

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CN103881760A
CN103881760A CN201410038217.1A CN201410038217A CN103881760A CN 103881760 A CN103881760 A CN 103881760A CN 201410038217 A CN201410038217 A CN 201410038217A CN 103881760 A CN103881760 A CN 103881760A
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cooling
channel
water
microchannel
passage
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CN103881760B (en
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王云刚
陈衡
赵钦新
马海东
李钰鑫
周屈兰
惠世恩
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention provides a novel micro-channel circularly cooling gasification process nozzle. The nozzle comprises a center gasifying agent channel, a fuel channel, an outer gasifying agent channel and cooling water channels which are distributed between the center gasifying agent channel and the fuel channel, between the fuel channel and the outer gasifying agent channel and outside the gasifying agent channel, wherein the fuel channel and the outer gasifying agent are coaxial with and sequentially sleeved on the center gasifying agent channel; the water intake channels of the cooling water channels are composed of a plurality of micro-channels; the flowing speed of high-pressure cooling water increases in the micro-channels, and the center gasifying agent channel, the fuel channel, the outer gasifying agent channel and metal wall surfaces of the cooling water channels are efficiently cooled in heat conduction and forced-convection heat transfer modes; cooling water is sprayed from the micro-channel outlets in a high-speed jet manner, and the bottom metal wall surfaces of the cooling water channels are effectively cooled in a forced impact jet convection heat transfer manner, and then the cooling water flows back to the water outlets of the cooling water channels from a return channel. The novel micro-channel circularly cooling gasification process nozzle can be used for overcoming the defect of the gasified nozzle technology in the prior artthe nozzle is poor in cooling effect and has a short service life.

Description

The hydronic gasifying process burner in a kind of novel microchannel
Technical field
The present invention relates to gasification field, be specifically related to the hydronic gasifying process burner in a kind of novel microchannel.
Technical background
Coal is a kind of important energy, but for a long time, coal is in use accompanied by serious environmental pollution.In recent years, to reduce disposal of pollutants and to improve utilising efficiency the clean coal technology that is object day by day by people are paid attention to; Coal Gasification Technology is as a kind of Coal dressing and transformation technology wherein, is considered to one of clean coal technology of high-efficiency cleaning the most.
Coal gasifier is the device of fossil oil (fine coal, oil, Sweet natural gas etc.) being made to coal gas, is widely used in the fields such as chemical industry, nitrogenous fertilizer, combustion gas, cogeneration.In view of China is oil-poor, the resource situation of weak breath, many coals, the vaporising fuel of China is mainly coal (fine coal or coal water slurry).Burner noz(zle) (abbreviation burner) is the key part of vapourizing furnace, is also the parts that the easiest high temperature damages.More advanced gasification mode is the large-scale powdered coal pressuring gasified technique from external introduction at present.Utilize nitrogen or carbon dioxide that the powdery carbon materials such as fine coal are sent into vapourizing furnace by burner, oxygen rich gas and water vapor are also sent into vapourizing furnace by burner simultaneously.Powdery carbon material and oxygen, steam reaction burning, generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and temperature of combustion reaches more than 1400 DEG C.
Because combustion flame temperature is very high, gasification burner tip is often because high heat-flux and potential oxygen enrichment corrosive atmosphere cause damage.Because burner broken causes large-scale vapourizing furnace shutdown maintenance frequently, cause the huge financial loss of manufacturing enterprise, cause foreign technology provider and the domestic great attention about research institution, but up to the present effectively do not solved yet the problem that gasifier nozzle is fragile, the life-span is short.
Gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed is from starting to the whole process of operation, blowing out: when combustion preheater when the hot stage of 600~1000 DEG C, gasification reaction the hot stage of 1700 DEG C and while stopping since high temperature decline stage of 1700 DEG C of high temperature, this three phases all can cause high temperature to damage to burner, especially burner head (burner approaches the part of furnace flame most), because its Working environment is the most severe, often damage at first.For the damage of gasification burner tip, owing to cannot observing the impaired process of burner nozzle, therefore, people cannot understand any major cause for burner nozzle damage in high temperature scaling loss and wearing and tearing in for a long time.But create the situation analysis in more than 1 year work-ing life by a part of inner-cooled burner of introducing in recent years, because the feature of inner-cooled burner is that heat radiation is than very fast and even, burner is easy burn-out not, and the life-span is elongated, and the damage that has proved burner is to burn out prior to grinding away.Therefore, the high temperature that solves burner nozzle portion damages problem, has also just become to extend a main aspect in burner life-span.
Current, for how solving the too high problem of burner head temperature, generally there are two kinds of methods, the one, develop novel high-temperature material, meanwhile, coat thermal protective coating on the surface of high-temperature component and improve the performance of material; The 2nd, adopt rational method of cooling to carry out hot-end component cooling, can work out novel method of cooling or existing cooling technology transformation is improved to its cooling potential.
Thermal Performance of Micro Channels technology is to utilize heat transfer principle, and heat is passed to cold fluid from hot-fluid, and cold fluid and hot fluid flows through in the both sides of solid wall surface respectively, and the heat of hot-fluid is passed to cold fluid in the mode of convection current and conduction.In the time that heat exchange runner size is less than 3mm, gas-liquid two-phase flows and will be different from conventional large-size with phase-change heat transfer rule, and passage is less, and this dimensional effect is more obvious.In the time of bore to 0.5~1mm, convection transfer rate can increase 50%~100%.Because Thermal Performance of Micro Channels compact construction, volume are little, good effect of heat exchange, be widely used in the engineering fields such as infrared acquisition, electronics, biologic medical cooling.By this enhancement of heat transfer technology for air-condition heat exchanger, the enhancement of heat transfer measure of appropriate change heat exchanger structure, technique and air side, expectation can effectively strengthen air-condition heat exchanger heat transfer, improve its energy-saving horizontal.If this technology is applied in the process of cooling of gasification burner tip, can strengthen the cooling effect of water coolant to burner (the especially head of burner), thereby avoid burner because high temperature ablation damages, effectively extend the work-ing life of burner.
In addition, find by the comparative study to all kinds of gasifier nozzles, the height of gasification efficiency depends on two aspect factor-atomization and mixing.Under normal circumstances, both are difficult to be met simultaneously, and in the situation that single nozzle sprays especially from top to bottom, material inlet and process gas, on same axis, easily cause material to walk short circuit, cause prepared using Efficiency Decreasing.Therefore, improve, optimize nozzle structure geometric parameter, the atomization that makes gasification reaches good with mixing simultaneously, most important to the gasification efficiency of raising vapourizing furnace.
In sum, solving the problem that gasifier nozzle head high-efficient atomizing cooling and burner mixes, is the key point that improves current gasifier bed gasification burner tip use properties.Therefore, developing advanced gasification burner tip atomization good mixing, efficient cooling long-life is one of gordian technique approach realizing China's Coal Gasification Technology high efficiency and reliability.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing in order to overcome prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the hydronic gasifying process burner in a kind of novel microchannel, the burner cooling performance of gasification burner tip technology that overcomes prior art is poor, the life-span is shorter, atomization and mixed performance can not reach the defects such as good result simultaneously.
For reaching above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The hydronic gasifying process burner in a kind of novel microchannel, comprise central gas agent passage 1, coaxial and be sleeved on successively its outer fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 with central gas agent passage 1, be arranged between central gas agent passage 1 and fuel channel 3, the cooling-water duct 2 between fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 outsides;
Described cooling-water duct 2 is made up of the backwater channel 2-2 between water entry 2-1 and water entry 2-1;
Described water entry 2-1 adopts Micro Channel Architecture, is made up of the less microchannel 2-3 of some sectional dimensions;
The interior employing high-pressure cooling water of described cooling-water duct 2, carries out cooling in the mode of thermal conduction and microchannel forced-convection heat transfer to the metal wall of central gas agent passage 1, fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 and cooling-water duct 2 self;
High-pressure cooling water sprays at a high speed with the form of impact jet flow from the outlet of described microchannel 2-3, is vertically ejected into the bottom metal wall of cooling-water duct 2, carries out cooling in the mode of forcing impact jet flow convective heat exchange to it.
Preferably, the outlet of described microchannel 2-3 adopts shrink nozzle structure, to improve the speed of high-pressure cooling water ejection, further strengthens the impact jet flow cooling effect of its bottom metal wall to cooling-water duct 2.
The entery and delivery port of described cooling-water duct 2 is provided with flow monitoring device.
Interior inward eddy blade 6 and the outer swirl vane 5 of being furnished with respectively of described central gas agent passage 1 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4, the blade lean opposite direction of described inward eddy blade 6 and outer swirl vane 5.
The swirl strength that described outer vaporized chemical passage 4 exports is greater than the swirl strength that central gas agent passage 1 exports.
Cooling water pressure in described cooling-water duct 2 is higher than the working pressure in vapourizing furnace.
Compared to the prior art, tool has the following advantages in the present invention:
1, the present invention adopts the cooling mode combining of microchannel enhanced heat exchange and impact jet flow to carry out high efficiency cooling to burner.Cooling-water flowing enters behind microchannel, flow velocity sharply increases, increase rapidly with the convection transfer rate of wall, with convective heat exchange and heat conducting mode, the metal wall of central gas agent passage, fuel channel and outer vaporized chemical passage and microchannel self is carried out to effective cooling; Water coolant flows through behind microchannel, with the ejection of high speed impact jet, is vertically ejected into the bottom metal wall of cooling-water duct from microchannel outlet, carries out cooling in the mode of forcing impact jet flow convective heat exchange to it.In sum, the present invention can better make the temperature of burner (the especially head of burner) remain on required suitable temp scope, thereby solve the problem such as high temperature oxidation and overtemperature ablation that existing burner nozzle portion produces because toasted by furnace high-temperature thermal radiation and hot gas flow, make the steady running of burner energy, extend burner work-ing life.
2, the cooling water flow in described cooling-water duct, can change flow according to the variation of inner operating, thereby, strengthen or weaken its cooling effect to burner, keep nozzle (the especially head of burner) temperature in OK range, avoid burner because of the unstable ablation damage of inner operating.
3, the water entry of cooling channel is Micro Channel Architecture, there is water coolant and be uniformly distributed effect, guarantee that water coolant is uniformly distributed in jacket structure for water mobile, make its cooling effect to burner even, reduce thermal deviation, avoid causing burner broken because of inhomogeneous cooling, local superheating.
4, in the central gas agent passage of burner and outer vaporized chemical passage, all be furnished with swirl vane, make the exit flow of inside and outside vaporized chemical passage be all strong eddy flow, but, the flow rotation opposite direction of inside and outside passage, be conducive to like this atomization of vaporized chemical, and strengthened the mixing effect of vaporized chemical and fuel, make vaporized chemical and fuel can be fully, evenly mix.
5, the entery and delivery port of described cooling-water duct all arranges flow monitoring device, once burner water coolant is revealed, outlet total flux will diminish, differ greatly with import total flux, early warning system is reported to the police immediately, so as the processing of tissue parking in time, wall generation major accident.
6, the swirl strength of outer vaporized chemical channel outlet is greater than the swirl strength of interior vaporized chemical channel outlet, make vaporized chemical become eddy flow state with the total airflow after fuel mix, extend the residence time of fuel in vapourizing furnace, made gasification reaction more abundant, improved the whole efficiency of vapourizing furnace.
7, the cooling water pressure in cooling-water duct is higher than the working pressure in vapourizing furnace, thereby avoids in burner broken, and furnace high-temperature high pressure gas, from burner to outward leakage, have improved the security of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the hydronic gasifying process burner in the novel microchannel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cooling water passage structure schematic diagram of the hydronic gasifying process burner in the novel microchannel of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at Fig. 2 A place.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the hydronic gasifying process burner in a kind of novel microchannel, comprise central gas agent passage 1, coaxial and be sleeved on successively its outer fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 with central gas agent passage 1, be arranged between central gas agent passage 1 and fuel channel 3, the cooling-water duct 2 between fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 outsides.
Fuel in described fuel channel 3 is coal water slurry or dry pulverized coal;
Vaporized chemical in described central gas agent passage 1 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 is water vapour, carbonic acid gas or both mixtures.
Preferably, in order to make the water inlet of passage more even, each described cooling-water duct 2 adopts two and above water-in.
Preferably, in order to make the water outlet of passage more even, each described cooling-water duct 2 adopts two and above water outlet.
The interior employing high-pressure cooling water of described cooling-water duct 2.
Cooling water pressure in described cooling-water duct 2 is higher than the working pressure in vapourizing furnace.
Described cooling-water duct 2 is made up of the backwater channel 2-2 between water entry 2-1 and water entry 2-1.
Described water entry 2-1 adopts Micro Channel Architecture, is made up of the less microchannel 2-3 of some sectional dimensions.High-pressure cooling water flow velocity in the 2-3 of microchannel increases, convection transfer rate increases rapidly, the cooling effect of the metal wall in the mode of thermal conduction and forced-convection heat transfer to central gas agent passage 1, fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 and cooling-water duct 2 self is strengthened, and burner is obtained more effective cooling.
As shown in Figure 2, high-pressure cooling water sprays with the form of high speed impact jet from the outlet of described microchannel 2-3, is vertically ejected into the bottom metal wall of cooling-water duct 2, carries out cooling in the mode of forcing impact jet flow convective heat exchange to it.
Preferably, the outlet of described microchannel 2-3 adopts shrink nozzle structure, to improve the speed of high-pressure cooling water ejection, further strengthens the impact jet flow cooling effect of its bottom metal wall to cooling-water duct 2.
Preferably, each described water entry 2 is made up of two and above microchannel, and the number of microchannel is determined according to the cooling requirement of the design loading of burner and specific works environment;
Preferably, the smallest cross-sectional width of described microchannel is not more than 3mm;
Interior inward eddy blade 6 and the outer swirl vane 5 of being furnished with respectively of described central gas agent passage 1 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4, the blade lean opposite direction of described inward eddy blade 6 and outer swirl vane 5.
The swirl strength that described outer vaporized chemical passage 4 exports is greater than the swirl strength that central gas agent passage 1 exports.
Cooling water system principle of work: high-pressure cooling water flows into from the water-in of cooling-water duct 2, then enters the water entry 2 of Micro Channel Architecture.High-pressure cooling water flows into behind microchannel, flow velocity sharply increases, increase rapidly with the convection transfer rate of wall, in the mode of convective heat exchange and heat conduction, the metal wall of central gas agent passage 1, fuel channel 3 and outer vaporized chemical passage 4 and microchannel 2-2 self is carried out to effective cooling.High-pressure cooling water with the ejection of high speed impact jet, is vertically ejected into the bottom metal wall of cooling-water duct from microchannel outlet, carries out cooling in the mode of forcing impact jet flow convective heat exchange to it.

Claims (6)

1. the hydronic gasifying process burner in novel microchannel, it is characterized in that: comprise central gas agent passage (1), coaxial and be sleeved on successively its outer fuel channel (3) and outer vaporized chemical passage (4) with central gas agent passage (1), be arranged between central gas agent passage (1) and fuel channel (3), cooling-water duct (2) between fuel channel (3) and outer vaporized chemical passage (4) and outside outer vaporized chemical passage (4);
Described cooling-water duct (2) is made up of water entry (2-1) and the backwater channel (2-2) that is arranged between water entry (2-1);
Described water entry (2-1) adopts Micro Channel Architecture, is made up of the less microchannel of some sectional dimensions (2-3);
In described cooling-water duct (2), adopt high-pressure cooling water, carry out cooling in the mode of thermal conduction and microchannel forced-convection heat transfer to the metal wall of central gas agent passage (1), fuel channel (3) and outer vaporized chemical passage (4) and cooling-water duct (2) self;
High-pressure cooling water sprays at a high speed with the form of impact jet flow from the outlet of described microchannel (2-3), vertically sprays the bottom metal wall of cooling-water duct (2), carries out cooling in the mode of forcing impact jet flow convective heat exchange to it.
2. the hydronic gasifying process burner in the novel microchannel of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outlet of described microchannel (2-3) adopts shrink nozzle structure.
3. the hydronic gasifying process burner in the novel microchannel of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described central gas agent passage (1) and outer vaporized chemical passage (4), be furnished with respectively inward eddy blade (6) and outer swirl vane (5), the blade lean opposite direction of described inward eddy blade (6) and outer swirl vane (5).
4. the hydronic gasifying process burner in the novel microchannel of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the swirl strength of described outer vaporized chemical passage (4) outlet is greater than the swirl strength of central gas agent passage (1) outlet.
5. a kind of novel jet flow according to claim 1 impacts cooling gasifying process burner, it is characterized in that: the entery and delivery port of described cooling-water duct (2) is provided with flow monitoring device.
6. the hydronic gasifying process burner in the novel microchannel of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cooling water pressure in described cooling-water duct (2) is higher than the working pressure in vapourizing furnace.
CN201410038217.1A 2014-01-26 2014-01-26 The hydronic gasifying process burner in a kind of novel microchannel Active CN103881760B (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108690662A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-10-23 新奥科技发展有限公司 Starch coupled gasification stove burner and starch coupled gasification method
CN109611848A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-12 西北化工研究院有限公司 A kind of multiinjector cooling protection system and method
CN111120859A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-05-08 西安交通大学 Air-temperature gasifier for strengthening solar radiation heat exchange and inhibiting frosting
CN111286367B (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-08-03 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Cooled nozzle and reactor
CN113351383A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-07 江西理工大学 Wear-resisting solid-liquid separation swirler

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108690662A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-10-23 新奥科技发展有限公司 Starch coupled gasification stove burner and starch coupled gasification method
CN111286367B (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-08-03 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Cooled nozzle and reactor
CN109611848A (en) * 2018-12-19 2019-04-12 西北化工研究院有限公司 A kind of multiinjector cooling protection system and method
CN109611848B (en) * 2018-12-19 2021-03-26 西北化工研究院有限公司 Multi-nozzle cooling protection system and method
CN111120859A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-05-08 西安交通大学 Air-temperature gasifier for strengthening solar radiation heat exchange and inhibiting frosting
CN113351383A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-07 江西理工大学 Wear-resisting solid-liquid separation swirler
CN113351383B (en) * 2021-05-28 2022-10-28 江西理工大学 Wear-resisting solid-liquid separation swirler

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