CN103881565A - Swash plate based on bismaleimide - Google Patents
Swash plate based on bismaleimide Download PDFInfo
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- CN103881565A CN103881565A CN201410126798.4A CN201410126798A CN103881565A CN 103881565 A CN103881565 A CN 103881565A CN 201410126798 A CN201410126798 A CN 201410126798A CN 103881565 A CN103881565 A CN 103881565A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a swash plate based on bismaleimide. The swash plate consists of a substrate and a wear-resistant coating, wherein the wear-resistant coating is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of bismaleimide/diallyl bisphenol A copolymer, 20-50 parts of PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), 10-30 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 5-10 parts of graphite fluoride and 1-10 parts of reinforcing material. According to the swash plate disclosed by the invention, the wear-resistant coating is reasonable in composition and excellent in heat resistance and adhesion, thus the swash plate based on the wear-resistant coating has excellent wear resistance, has the friction performance, which is far superior to that of the existing swash plates prepared from resin regardless of whether the swash plate is in a dry state or oil state, and can meet the needs of an automotive air conditioner compressor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of car air conditioning compressor slanting plate, be specifically related to a kind of swash plate based on bismaleimides.
Background technology
Automobile air conditioner compressor is the key part of automotive air-conditioning system, wherein compressor of oblique-plate-type air conditioner, the balance quality that regulate reliable, machine simple in structure with it better, can reach the advantages such as higher rotating speed, become the most general compressor of application in current automotive air-conditioning system, account for 80% left and right of the passenger car market share, and have the trend of further expansion.
In compressor of oblique-plate-type air conditioner, swash plate and the synchronized rotation of main shaft of passing swash plate, swash plate is connected driven plunger by crawler shoe with piston and moves reciprocatingly, then completes the compression of gas by air-breathing and unidirectional control exhaust; Swash plate rotating speed can be controlled the frequency of reciprocating motion of the pistons, and the angle between swash plate and main shaft can regulate, by the size of the pitch angle control piston to-and-fro movement stroke of swash plate.The performance of swash plate directly determines the life-span of compressor, is therefore the very crucial parts of compressor of oblique-plate-type air conditioner.
At the compressor of oblique-plate-type air conditioner motion initial stage, lubricating oil not yet arrives swash surfaces, and swash plate need to move under the drying conditions that there is no lubricating oil; After lubricating oil arrives the surface of swash plate, swash plate still need move (rotating speed and load constantly change) under high speed and high-load, thus, the operational conditions of swash plate is very harsh, therefore requires swash plate under non lubricant oil state (metal to-metal contact) and lubricating oil state, all to have good wear-resisting and anti-jam performance.
Swash plate is that on the substrate of steel or aluminium, to deposit a layer thickness be the macromolecule layer of 20~30 microns, and this macromolecule layer, for the wear-resistant coating that molybdenumdisulphide, graphite, PTFE and base resin and reinforced partly material form, claims again sliding contact layer.The preparation of swash plate and selection have directly determined the performance of swash plate, comprise wear resistance, thermotolerance and the self lubricity of swash plate.Base resin plays bonding effect in wear-resistant coating, and due to the inherent defect of resin material, its thermotolerance is on the low side compared with other components, therefore, require the base resin that forms swash plate except having excellent cementability, wear resistance, also need the thermotolerance having had.
The existing base resin of preparing for swash plate is generally polyimide or polyamidoimide, it can improve the self-lubricating property of swash plate to a certain extent, but the frictional property of the wear-resistant coating forming thus, particularly metal to-metal contact performance, and cementability also needs to improve; Also have in addition some about the report for swash plate by polyetherketone, polyethersulfone or polyethersulfone ketone material, this type of material has certain thermotolerance, but cementability is poor, poor with the consistency of all the other materials; And existing base resin can not be dissolved in the conventional solvent such as acetone, all need toxicity more greatly, the solvent of not environmental protection could dissolve, be harmful to social environment, the curing process of existing base resin is very harsh simultaneously, all need to exceed 300 ℃, time is all several hours, not only increases preparation difficulty, has more increased social energy consumption.
So find a kind of macromolecular material as base resin, can meet wear-resisting, the thermotolerance of swash plate, can simplify again the preparation of swash plate, environmental protection simultaneously, necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of swash plate based on bismaleimides, the thermotolerance of its existing excellence, wear resistance, and can meet setting accuracy requirement without machining after solidifying.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of swash plate based on bismaleimides, formed by substrate and wear-resistant coating, and described wear-resistant coating is made up of the component of following quality proportioning:
Described bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is made by the material copolymerization of following mass percent:
Bismaleimides 55-60%
Diallyl bisphenol 40-45%
Temperature when copolymerization is 150 ℃, and the time is 30 minutes.
Preferably, the material of described substrate is 45# steel.45# steel is widely used in machinofacture, has the advantages such as the high and machinability of good mechanical property, intensity is good; Its comprehensive mechanical property is better than other medium carbon structure steels, has the higher advantage such as intensity and toughness.
In technique scheme, the particle diameter of described PTFE is 1-10um; The particle diameter of described molybdenumdisulphide is 1-5um; The particle diameter of described fluorographite is 1-10um; The particle diameter of described nano-aluminium oxide is 20-100nm; Preferably, the particle diameter of described PTFE is 3-5um; The particle diameter of described molybdenumdisulphide is 2-3um; The particle diameter of described fluorographite is 3-5um; The particle diameter of described nano-aluminium oxide is 40-60nm.
In preferred technical scheme, described wear-resistant coating is made up of the component of following quality proportioning:
In technique scheme, the preparation of described swash plate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone and obtains the multipolymer acetone soln that mass concentration is 30-35%; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution;
(2) spraying: first by substrate 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume 10-15g; Spray time 2-3s;
(3) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
In preferred technical scheme, in described step (2), substrate, through alramenting or titanizing processing before spraying of wearable coating solution, has improved the bonding strength of wear-resistant coating and substrate.
Bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is in the news for multiple fields, each concrete parts to its performance require entirely different, the electrical property that some needs are good, what have takes a fancy to excellent mechanical property, wherein how obtaining the applicable multipolymer of performance is the key of each application, the present invention utilizes allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane to improve the toughness of bismaleimides, does not reduce its cementability and thermotolerance simultaneously, and the swash plate that obtains is based on this heat-resisting, excellent in abrasion resistance.
Base resin prepared by the present invention can be dissolved in the conventional solvent of acetone and be made into copolymer solution, then mixes with all the other components, is then sprayed into substrate both sides; The polymkeric substance utilizing and all the other component compatibilities are good, can make all the other components be uniformly dispersed therein, this is very important for swash plate, because the wear-resistant coating of swash plate is very thin, if it is poor to form each component compatibility of coating, can cause coating skewness, the defect of substrate surface a lot, have a strong impact on stability and the work-ing life of swash plate.
Under heating condition, thermosetting resin can further solidify, and forms crosslinking structure, thereby embodies the excellent properties of resin, now, heating condition, comprises temperature and time, state of cure on resin has impact, thereby affects the performance of cured resin, further affects the performance of swash plate.The wear-resistant coating that thermal treatment of the present invention obtains solidifies rationally, the swash plate excellent performance obtaining thus.
In the present invention, the structural formula of bismaleimide amine monomers is:
The structural formula of allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer is:
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages in the present invention:
(1) base resin for car air conditioning compressor slanting plate disclosed by the invention can be dissolved in acetone, and post-processing temperature is low, the time is short, and good heat resistance is good with the consistency of all the other components, and wear-resistant coating and the substrate bonding of preparation are good based on this.
(2) swash plate disclosed by the invention with wear-resistant paint composition rationally, each uniform component distribution, with the bonding excellence of base material, and coating thickness is easy to regulation and control, after solidifying, need not machining can meet setting accuracy requirement.
(3) base resin that the present invention can be dissolved in acetone is made into copolymer solution, then mixes with all the other components, is then sprayed into substrate both sides, obtains swash plate, without precision work again through heating; Preparation process is simply controlled, has avoided the use of noxious solvent in prior art, has reduced post-treatment condition, and both environmental protection, have reduced again cost.
(4) the present invention utilizes bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer as base resin, the swash plate wear resisting property, the Good Heat-resistance that coordinate all the other reasonable components to prepare, outward appearance is uniform and smooth, is that a kind of excellent performance, cost are low, the car air conditioning compressor slanting plate of environmental protection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, comparative example, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Embodiment mono-
Based on a swash plate for bismaleimides, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of multipolymer, at 150 ℃, 550g bismaleimide amine monomers and 450g allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer are joined in beaker, react 30 minutes, liquid is poured in pallet, and naturally cooling obtains solid and is bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer;
(2) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone, and to obtain mass concentration be 30% multipolymer acetone soln; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(3) spraying: first by substrate 45# steel 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume is 10g; Spray time is 3s;
(4) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
Embodiment bis-
Based on a swash plate for bismaleimides, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of multipolymer, at 150 ℃, 580g bismaleimide amine monomers and 420g allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer are joined in beaker, react 30 minutes, liquid is poured in pallet, and naturally cooling obtains solid and is bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer;
(2) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone, and to obtain mass concentration be 35% multipolymer acetone soln; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(3) spraying: first by substrate 45# steel 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume 15g; Spray time is 2s;
(4) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
Embodiment tri-
Based on a swash plate for bismaleimides, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of multipolymer, at 150 ℃, 600g bismaleimide amine monomers and 400g allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer are joined in beaker, react 30 minutes, liquid is poured in pallet, and naturally cooling obtains solid and is bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer;
(2) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone, and to obtain mass concentration be 33% multipolymer acetone soln; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(3) spraying: first by substrate 45# steel 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume is 15g; Spray time is 3s;
(4) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
Embodiment tetra-
Based on a swash plate for bismaleimides, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of multipolymer, at 150 ℃, 575g bismaleimide amine monomers and 425g allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer are joined in beaker, react 30 minutes, liquid is poured in pallet, and naturally cooling obtains solid and is bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer;
(2) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone, and to obtain mass concentration be 34% multipolymer acetone soln; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(3) spraying: first by substrate 45# steel 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume is 13g; Spray time is 3s;
(4) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
Embodiment five
Based on a swash plate for bismaleimides, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of multipolymer, at 150 ℃, 550g bismaleimide amine monomers and 450g allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer are joined in beaker, react 30 minutes, liquid is poured in pallet, and naturally cooling obtains solid and is bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer;
(2) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone, and to obtain mass concentration be 32% multipolymer acetone soln; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(3) spraying: first by substrate 45# steel 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume 15g; Spray time 3s;
(4) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
Comparative example one
Based on a swash plate for bismaleimides, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of multipolymer, at 150 ℃, 300g bismaleimide amine monomers and 120g allyl group dihydroxyphenyl propane monomer are joined in beaker, react 60 minutes, liquid is poured in pallet, and naturally cooling obtains solid and is bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer;
(2) preparation of wear-resistant coating: at 50 ℃, bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is dissolved in to acetone, and to obtain mass concentration be 32% multipolymer acetone soln; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally multipolymer acetone soln is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(3) spraying: first by substrate 45# steel 150 ℃ of preheatings; Then at substrate both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume 15g; Spray time 3s;
(4) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on bismaleimides; Curing process is: 150 ℃ are incubated 10 minutes, then is warming up to 200 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is then warming up to 220 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes, is finally warming up to 240 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes.
Comparative example two
Based on a swash plate for polyimide, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of wear-resistant coating: polyimide resin is dissolved in to N-Methyl pyrrolidone, and to obtain mass concentration be 35% polyimide solution; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally polyimide solution is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(2) spraying: at substrate 45# steel both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume 15g; Spray time 3s;
(3) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on polyimide; Curing process is: 50 ℃ are incubated 30 minutes, then is warming up to 300 ℃ of insulations 60 minutes, is then warming up to 320 ℃ of insulations 30 minutes, is finally warming up to 350 ℃ of insulations 100 minutes.
Comparative example three
Based on a swash plate for polyamidoimide, preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of wear-resistant coating: polyamide-imide resin is dissolved in to N-Methyl pyrrolidone, and to obtain mass concentration be 35% polyamidoimide solution; Then PTFE, molybdenumdisulphide, fluorographite and strongthener nano-aluminium oxide are mixed, obtain solid lubricant; Finally polyamidoimide solution is mixed with solid lubricant, obtain wear-resistant coating solution; The quality proportioning of each component is:
(2) spraying: at substrate 45# steel both sides spraying of wearable coating solution; Solution spray volume 14g; Spray time 2s;
(3) solidify: be coated with the substrate of wear-resistant coating through overcuring, obtain the described swash plate based on polyamidoimide; Curing process is: 50 ℃ are incubated 30 minutes, then is warming up to 300 ℃ of insulations 60 minutes, is then warming up to 320 ℃ of insulations 30 minutes, is finally warming up to 350 ℃ of insulations 100 minutes.
Macromolecule layer on the swash plate of embodiment mono-, two, three, four, five and comparative example one, two, three preparations is scraped, carry out thermal weight loss performance test, the temperature during take thermal weight loss 5% is temperature of initial decomposition, investigates the thermotolerance of each wear-resistant paint layer; According to the sticking power of having tested wear-resistant paint in the various embodiments described above and comparative example according to GB1720, investigate the cementability of each wear-resistant paint layer; Concrete outcome, in table 1, can find out that the composition of wear-resistant paint disclosed by the invention is reasonable, thermotolerance and excellent in adhesion.
The sign of wear-resistant paint layer in table 1 embodiment, comparative example
Swash plate is carried out to the anti-jam test under metal to-metal contact and oil spout condition:
Metal to-metal contact test, the test duration is 40 minutes, room temperature starts, and requires smooth without wearing and tearing
Trier: three pin/dish-type jam trier
Pressure: 5Mpa
Rotating speed: 800rpm
Sliding mode: refrigerant gas (nothing)
Specimen size: external diameter 96mm, internal diameter 64mm
Oil spout test, the test duration is 100 hours, room temperature starts, and requires smooth without wearing and tearing
Trier: three pin/dish-type jam trier
Pressure: 5Mpa
Rotating speed: 4500rpm
Sliding mode: oil spray, refrigerant gas (nothing)
Specimen size: external diameter 96mm, internal diameter 64mm
Above-mentioned swash plate is carried out to the test of wear-resistant paint layer bite-resistant: under dry state or oily state, fixing swash plate, the plane of half steel ball that is 12mm with three diameters, as mill part is slided on swash plate, is 5N/mm to the load between mill part and swash plate
2, be 3.35m/s or 18.8m/s to the speed of relative movement of mill part and swash plate, friction, test, to the polishing of swash plate coating, is occlusion time between institute clocks, and its larger explanation swash plate rub resistance is better.Above-mentioned wear-resisting test result and occlusion time the results are shown in Table 2.
The all technical of table 2 swash plate
As can be seen from Table 2, swash plate of the present invention has excellent wear resistance, no matter is that dry state or oily state frictional behaviour are far superior to swash plate prepared by prior art.
Claims (5)
1. the swash plate based on bismaleimides, is made up of substrate and wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: described wear-resistant coating is made up of the component of following quality proportioning:
Described bismaleimides/diallyl bisphenol multipolymer is by the material copolymerization system of following mass percent
:
Bismaleimides 55-60%
Diallyl bisphenol 40-45%
Temperature when copolymerization is 150 ℃, and the time is 30 minutes.
2. the swash plate based on bismaleimides according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is 45# steel.
3. the swash plate based on bismaleimides according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The particle diameter of described PTFE is 1-10um;
The particle diameter of described molybdenumdisulphide is 1-5um;
The particle diameter of described fluorographite is 1-10um;
The particle diameter of described nano-aluminium oxide is 20-100nm.
4. the swash plate based on bismaleimides according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
The particle diameter of described PTFE is 3-5um;
The particle diameter of described molybdenumdisulphide is 2-3um;
The particle diameter of described fluorographite is 3-5um;
The particle diameter of described nano-aluminium oxide is 40-60nm.
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CN1982369A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-20 | 西北工业大学 | Bi-maleimide self-lubricating nano-composite material and its production |
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CN103502640A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2014-01-08 | 大丰工业株式会社 | Swash plate for swash plate compressor |
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