Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of dendroid aqueous polyurethane, the aqueous polyurethane of preparation has good water tolerance, thermostability and permeable gas, and can not cause environmental pollution in use procedure, uses safety.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: first, after being mixed, vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol add dibutyl tin dilaurate or bismuth carboxylate, at 75-85 DEG C after stirring reaction 60-90min, at 65-75 DEG C, add hydrophilic chain extender again, after reaction 1.5-3.5h, at 0-20 DEG C, add diethanolamine to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 10-40min, add again dendritic macromole to carry out graft reaction 10-40min, then after being under agitation warming up to 40-70 DEG C, add neutralizing agent and carry out neutralization reaction 10-40min, obtain reaction product, finally by reaction product being distributed in deionized water, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane,
Wherein, vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol are (1.5-2.5) by-NCO with the mol ratio of-OH: 1 mixes, the add-on of dibutyl tin dilaurate or bismuth carboxylate is the 0.005-0.008% of vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of hydrophilic chain extender is the 4-7% of vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of diethanolamine is the 3-8% of vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of dendritic macromole is the 3-8% of vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, and the add-on of neutralizing agent is the 4-7% of vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass.
Described vulcabond is isophorone diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate or ditan-4,4 '-vulcabond.
Described polyvalent alcohol is that polycarbonate diol and Viscotrol C mass ratio are (2-4): 1 mixture.
Described hydrophilic chain extender is dimethylol propionic acid or dimethylolpropionic acid.
Described dendritic macromole is a PAMAM.
Described neutralizing agent is triethylamine or potassium hydroxide.
The 1-2 of the consumption reaction product quality of described deionized water doubly.
Described dispersion is carried out in dispersion machine.
The rotating speed of described dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 20~40min.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1. compared with conventional solvent type polyurethane, the dendroid aqueous polyurethane that the present invention makes is not containing organic solvent, but taking water as dispersion medium, therefore product toxicological harmless, is used safety and high-efficiency environment friendly; Nonflammable, non-explosive, be easy to place storage.
2. structure uniqueness: compared with super branched polyurethane, the present invention adopts dendritic macromole to carry out graft reaction, and the dendroid aqueous polyurethane making has highly branched dendritic structure, and molecular structure is more regular, and molecular weight can be controlled.
3. the synthetic dendroid aqueous polyurethane of the present invention has unique dendritic structure, kernel is generation dendritic macromole 1G PAMAM, outside is the urethane of low crosslinking degree, the dendritic structure of this uniqueness makes it have good water tolerance, thermostability and permeable gas, the water-intake rate of the dendroid aqueous polyurethane of preparation is 10% left and right, tensile strength is 17MPa, and heat decomposition temperature is 200-210 DEG C.
Further, the present invention adopts Viscotrol C synthetic castor oil base water polyurethane, and grafting 1G PAMAM dendrimer synthesizes the novel anionic dendroid aqueous polyurethane with ethylene linkage on a kind of molecular chain, structure height branching and safety and environmental protection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in four-hole reactor, add isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) 17.8g and polyvalent alcohol (polyvalent alcohol is the mixture of 20.0g polycarbonate diol and 9.0g Viscotrol C), after mixing, add two catalyzer dibutyl tin dilaurates (DBTDL), the quality of two dibutyl tin dilaurates is 0.005% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, then at 75 DEG C, after stirring reaction 90min, add again the total mass of 4%(using IPDI and polyvalent alcohol) dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as hydrophilic chain extender, temperature drops to 75 DEG C of about 2h of reaction, after being cooled to again 0-20 DEG C, add diethanolamine (DEA) 2.1g to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 30min, add 1G PAMAM(mono-PAMAM of 2.2g) reaction 30min, under continuing to stir, be warming up to 60 DEG C, and add triethylamine 1.90g to carry out neutralization reaction 30min, finally reaction product is distributed in deionized water under the positive action power of dispersion machine, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane emulsion, wherein, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, jitter time is 20min, the quality of deionized water is 1 times of reaction product quality.
Embodiment 2
In four-hole reactor, add tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) 14.0g and polyvalent alcohol (polycarbonate diol 20.0g and Viscotrol C 10.0g), after mixing, add three catalyzer bismuth carboxylates, the quality of three bismuth carboxylates is 0.008% of tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, stirring reaction 80min at 80 DEG C, add again the total mass of 5%(using TDI and polyvalent alcohol) dimethylolpropionic acid (DMBA) as hydrophilic chain extender, temperature drops to 75 DEG C of about 2h of reaction, after being cooled to again 0-20 DEG C, add diethanolamine (DEA) 2.5g to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 30min, add the 1G PAMAM reaction 30min of 2.2g, continue to stir and be warming up to 40 DEG C, add potassium hydroxide 2.5g to carry out neutralization reaction 30min, finally reaction product is distributed in deionized water under the positive action power of dispersion machine, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane emulsion, wherein, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 30min, the quality of deionized water is 2 times of reaction product quality.
Embodiment 3
In four-hole reactor, add ditan-4, 4 '-vulcabond (MDI) 20.0g and polyvalent alcohol (polycarbonate diol 20.0g and Viscotrol C 9.5g), after mixing, add two catalyzer dibutyl tin dilaurates (DBTDL), the quality of two dibutyl tin dilaurates is ditan-4, 0.006% of 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, at 85 DEG C after stirring reaction 60min, reaction system viscosity increases, add acetone adjusting viscosity so that stir, add again the total mass of 6%(using MDI and polyvalent alcohol) dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as hydrophilic chain extender, temperature drops to 75 DEG C of about 2h of reaction, after being cooled to again 0-20 DEG C, add diethanolamine (DEA) 2.0g to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 30min, add the 1G PAMAM reaction 30min of 2.22g, continue to stir and be warming up to 60 DEG C, add triethylamine 2.22g to carry out neutralization reaction 30min, finally reaction product is distributed in water under the positive action power of dispersion machine, vacuumize to remove acetone with at 50 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane emulsion, wherein, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 40min, the quality of deionized water is 2 times of reaction product quality.
Embodiment 4
In four-hole reactor, add isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) 17.8g and polyvalent alcohol (polycarbonate diol 20.0g and Viscotrol C 9.5g), after mixing, add three catalyzer dibutyl tin dilaurates (DBTDL), the quality of two dibutyl tin dilaurates is 0.007% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, at 85 DEG C, after stirring reaction 60min, there is the phenomenon of thickness, add acetone adjusting viscosity so that stir, add again the total mass of 7%(using IPDI and polyvalent alcohol) dimethylolpropionic acid (DMBA) as hydrophilic chain extender, temperature drops to 70 DEG C of about 2h of reaction, after being cooled to again 0-20 DEG C, add diethanolamine (DEA) 2.1g to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 30min, add the 1G PAMAM reaction 30min of 2.22g, under continuing to stir, be warming up to 60 DEG C, add triethylamine 2.22g to carry out neutralization reaction 30min, finally reaction product is distributed in water under the positive action power of dispersion machine, adopt at 40 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators and vacuumize to remove acetone, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane emulsion, wherein, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 30min, the quality of deionized water is 2 times of reaction product quality.
Embodiment 5
First, after being mixed, isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol add dibutyl tin dilaurate, at 80 DEG C after stirring reaction 80min, at 65 DEG C, add dimethylol propionic acid again, after reaction 1.5h, at 0 DEG C, add diethanolamine to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 10min, obtain hydrophilic polyurethane performed polymer, and then add 1G PAMAM to carry out graft reaction 10min, be warming up to 50 DEG C under stirring after, add triethylamine to carry out neutralization reaction 30min, obtain reaction product, finally reaction product is distributed in deionized water in dispersion machine, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane,
Wherein, isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol are that 1.5:1 mixes by-NCO with the mol ratio of-OH, polyvalent alcohol is the mixture that polycarbonate diol and Viscotrol C mass ratio are 3:1, the add-on of dibutyl tin dilaurate is 0.005% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of dimethylol propionic acid is 4% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, diethanolamine add-on is 8% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of 1G PAMAM is 8% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of triethylamine is 6% of isophorone diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the quality of deionized water is 1 times of quality of reaction product, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 20min.
Embodiment 6
First, after being mixed, tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol add bismuth carboxylate, at 75 DEG C, after stirring reaction 90min, mensuration-NCO% drops to the half of initial value, at 75 DEG C, add dimethylolpropionic acid again, after reaction 2h, at 10 DEG C, add diethanolamine to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 25min, obtain hydrophilic polyurethane performed polymer, and then add 1G PAMAM to carry out graft reaction 20min, be warming up to 40 DEG C under stirring after, add triethylamine to carry out neutralization reaction 10min, obtain reaction product, finally reaction product is distributed in deionized water in dispersion machine, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane,
Wherein, tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol are that 2.5:1 mixes by-NCO with the mol ratio of-OH, polyvalent alcohol is the mixture that polycarbonate diol and Viscotrol C mass ratio are 2:1, the add-on of bismuth carboxylate is 0.007% of tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of dimethylolpropionic acid is 7% of tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, diethanolamine add-on is 3% of tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of 1G PAMAM is 5% of tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of potassium hydroxide is 7% of tolylene diisocyanate and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the quality of deionized water is 2 times of quality of reaction product, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 30min.
Embodiment 7
First, by ditan-4, after mixing, 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol add dibutyl tin dilaurate, stirring reaction 60min at 85 DEG C, at 70 DEG C, add dimethylol propionic acid again, after reaction 1.5h, at 20 DEG C, add diethanolamine to carry out single-ended sealing, after reaction 40min, obtain hydrophilic polyurethane performed polymer, and then add 1G PAMAM to carry out graft reaction 40min, be warming up to 70 DEG C under stirring after, add triethylamine to carry out neutralization reaction 40min, obtain reaction product, finally reaction product is distributed in deionized water in dispersion machine, obtain dendroid aqueous polyurethane,
Wherein, ditan-4, 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol are that 2:1 mixes by-NCO with the mol ratio of-OH, polyvalent alcohol is the mixture that polycarbonate diol and Viscotrol C mass ratio are 4:1, the add-on of dibutyl tin dilaurate is ditan-4, 0.008% of 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of dimethylol propionic acid is ditan-4, 5% of 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, diethanolamine add-on is ditan-4, 5% of 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of 1G PAMAM is ditan-4, 3% of 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the add-on of triethylamine is ditan-4, 4% of 4 '-vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol total mass, the quality of deionized water is 1.5 times of quality of reaction product, the rotating speed of dispersion machine is 2000r/min, and jitter time is 40min.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, R, R1 wherein all represent alkyl.After vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol being mixed in the present invention, add dibutyl tin dilaurate or bismuth carboxylate, at 75-85 DEG C, after stirring reaction, system becomes thickness, be unfavorable for stirring, can add acetone, be beneficial to stir, if add acetone, need to, after reaction product is distributed in water, is rotated and removes acetone; After being mixed, vulcabond and polyvalent alcohol add dibutyl tin dilaurate or bismuth carboxylate, at 75-85 DEG C, after stirring reaction, adopt acetone-Di-n-Butyl Amine method measure system-NCO% content, if complete reaction, the half of drop to before reaction-NCO% content of-NCO% content.
First the present invention utilizes vulcabond, polyvalent alcohol, diethanolamine and dimethylol propionic acid or dimethylolpropionic acid to prepare single blocked polyurethane performed polymer for main raw material, make again itself and the grafting of 1G-PAMAM dendritic macromole, finally add neutralizing agent, Forced Dispersion, in water, obtains dendroid aqueous polyurethane emulsion.The present invention introduces Viscotrol C synthetic castor oil base water polyurethane, and grafting PAMAM dendrimer focuses on the novel anionic dendroid aqueous polyurethane with ethylene linkage on synthetic a kind of molecular chain, structure height branching and safety and environmental protection.