The bending machine die that a kind of round piece is used and the processing method of this mould
Technical field
The invention belongs to mould and bending field, specifically, relate to a kind of bending machine die, more particularly, relate to bending machine die that a kind of round piece uses and the processing method of this mould.
Background technology
Bending machine die is that bender is used for the instrument of machine-shaping plate, and this instrument is made up of various parts, the part difference that different moulds forms.It mainly realizes the processing of article profile by the change of institute's moulding material physical state.Under the effect of bender pressure, by the guiding each other of upper die of bending machine and counterdie, blank is become and have the workpiece of given shape and size.In actual production process, enterprise can, according to the difference of shaping workpiece shape or size, configure the counterdie of different groove angles.But along with expanding economy, the shape of the workpiece of the bending of is also more and more diversified, different like this workpiece just needs special mould to process.
For example: China Patent No.: 200820131108., open day: on April 22nd, 2009, utility model discloses a kind of Bending Mould, it comprises a patrix and a counterdie, this counterdie comprises a die base, the both sides, top of this die base are respectively equipped with a die regulating block, between these two die regulating blocks, form a die, and the A/F of this die is to regulate setting by this die regulating block.Because the A/F of this die is adjustable setting, therefore this bending function is suppressed the workpiece of more bending radius, has improved the versatility of this die; And by regulating easily this die ground A/F, and with repeatedly guarantee the die mould precision of workpiece compared with positive curve, even if for the bending of orthodrome workpiece more rambunctious, also can guarantee its die mould precision.But this mould can only process a circular arc, cannot be complete process an enclosed circle, and control complicatedly, degree of regulation is not high.
China Patent No.: 201220311573.2, open day: on January 30th, 2013, this utility model discloses circular arc mould in a kind of sheet material bending, comprise drift and bed die, this bed die is made up of mould piece and base, and two mould pieces are symmetrical fixing two D type structures, and the cambered surface of two D mould pieces is inside, between two D mould pieces, form groove, described drift lower end is cone structure.Described groove width is 90~100mm, is preferably 96mm.Drift lower end is cone structure, and drift and groove are used in conjunction with.This utility model has been improved traditional V-type Bending Mould, utilizes the mould of this utility model can improve the production efficiency of bending and forming, and reduction factory frequently changes the work working strength of Bending Mould, guarantees that part requires interior arc size, effective.Meanwhile, due to the minimizing of the supporting Bending Mould specification of bender, also further compressed purchasing and maintenance cost of equipment, but the machining accuracy of this mould is low, more cannot processes a complete circle.
China Patent No.: 201220055877.7, open day: on September 19th, 2012, this utility model discloses a kind of mould for bender, belongs to mould applications.It comprises mold, bed die, also comprises middle mould, and the right flank of described mold has first groove left, and the bottom surface of mold is an arc convex; Described middle mould upper surface is second groove corresponding with mold bottom surface arc convex, and there is a semicircle to fovea superior the 3rd groove the lower left of middle mould; In the middle of the top of described bed die, have square the 5th groove, bed die upper surface the 5th groove left side have one with semicircle the 4th groove of the equal diameters of the 3rd groove; Described middle mould the latter half can coordinate to be inserted in the 5th groove; In the 5th described groove, be provided with spring.This utility model has advantages of that the bending circle roll-shape of processing is stable, simple in structure, reasonable in design, is easy to manufacture.Although this mold performance excellence, can completely processes an enclosed circle, but through our a large amount of tests, workpiece after processing exists precision not high, especially need to finely tune, to this patent document (China Patent No.: Fig. 5 place 201220055877.7) adds man-hour, the first half branch of workpiece 22 is to the right, Lower Half branch is to the left, a little approaches oval seemingly circle.So require further improvement.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that invention will solve
When to workpiece bending, cannot process a complete circle and the larger problem of error for existing bending machine die, the invention provides bending machine die that a kind of round piece uses and the processing method of this mould, it can process the circle of a standard accurately, and the wearability of the mould that processes of this processing method improves greatly.
2. technical scheme
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The bending machine die that round piece is used, comprises mold, middle mould and bed die, and the lower surface of described mold is circular arc; Described middle mould is divided on middle mould part under part and middle mould; On described middle mould, the top of part is provided with one to the first recessed arc groove, and the first described arc groove is semicircle; On described middle mould, the left side of part below is part under middle mould, and on middle mould, the right side of part below is provided with the second arc groove to fovea superior; Under described middle mould, the middle part of part is provided with the first spring groove to fovea superior on a vertical direction; Under described middle mould, the left surface of part is provided with arc convex; The middle part of described bed die is provided with on vertical direction to the second recessed spring groove; The both sides of the second described spring groove form two the bed die sides in left and right; The right flank of the bed die side in the second described spring groove left side is provided with heading; The left surface of the bed die side on the second described spring groove right side is provided with the spring groove of horizontal direction, is provided with the first spring in this spring; The top of the first described spring is provided with the decorative pearl on top of an official cap; The inside of the second described spring groove is provided with the second spring, the first spring groove during the second described spring inserts in mould.
Preferably, the second described arc groove is 3/8 circle, and being respectively left side is 1/4 circular arc, and right side is 1/8 circular arc; The left side of the 3rd described groove is 1/4 circle, and right side is a plane, and this plane is from the horizontal by 60 ° of angles.
Preferably, if in the time that the second arc groove contacts with the 3rd groove, in the horizontal direction of heading and arc convex contact point, set up X-axis, a Y-axis will be set up on the vertical direction on the limit, left side of middle mould simultaneously, if any point on arc convex is A, the radius of the second arc groove is R, and A to the horizontal range of part left surface under middle mould is-X, distance to X-axis is | Y|, the relation between them is
For above-mentioned mould, performance requirement is high especially, the arc convex of especially middle mould, requirement has higher hardness and wearability, so need a kind of new material of special standby design and technique, the arc convex processing method of the bending machine die that a kind of round piece is used, the steps include:
(1) raw material of blank are prepared
Middle mould adopts rough forging to make, and the component of this rough forging and mass percent are: C:1.3%, Cr:14.1%; Mn:0.68%, Si:0.05%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.020%, Mo:1.2%, Sc
2o
3: 0.07%, surplus is Fe;
(2) annealing in process of rough forging:
The annealed stove of rough forging obtaining in step (1) is annealed to it, and its annealing temperature is 870 ℃, and annealing time is 5h, is chilled to 450 ℃ of laggard line spaces cold in annealing furnace;
(3) preliminary working of rough forging, is processed into the shape of middle mould with lathe;
(4) heat treatment of mould in:
To after the middle mold heated to 300 of step (3) Vehicle Processing ℃, be incubated 2h, and then be heated to 930 ℃ insulation 30min, oil cooling after insulation 1h, needs when oil cooling first arc convex is invaded in oil after 30s, more whole middle mould is put into oil, after cool to room temperature, carry out subzero treatment, the temperature of subzero treatment is-189 ℃, keeps 0.5h, then at the temperature of 360 ℃, carry out tempering, twice of tempering;
(5) by middle mould fine grinding, whether qualifiedly detect size.
Preferably, in described step (4), the hardening media of oil cooling is common 1# quenching oil.
Preferably, in described step (4), subzero treatment is in the time of cooling, and the gas of filling is that volume fraction is respectively 5% helium+69% nitrogen, and surplus is argon gas.
3. beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable advantage:
(1) the present invention is by the design of the special shape of bed die and mold, especially under middle mould, the left surface of part is provided with arc convex, change thoroughly the work idea of original bending machine die, no longer simple moves up and down, but move left and right at the simultaneous moving up and down, control accuracy is higher;
(2) the present invention's the second arc groove is 3/8 circle, and being respectively left side is 1/4 circular arc, and right side is 1/8 circular arc; The left side of the 3rd described groove is 1/4 circle, and right side is a plane, and this plane is from the horizontal by 60 ° of angles, and the workpiece that this shape processes is just in time a circle;
(3) if the present invention is in the time that the second arc groove contacts with the 3rd groove, in the horizontal direction of heading and arc convex contact point, set up X-axis, a Y-axis will be set up on the vertical direction on the limit, left side of middle mould simultaneously, if any point on arc convex is A, the radius of the second arc groove is R, A is-X to be to the distance of X-axis to the horizontal range of part left surface under middle mould | Y|, the relation between them is
The course of work of middle mould when this formula has been described bending, has overturned traditional thoughtcast;
(4) material of the present invention has been selected C:1.3%, Cr:14.1%; Mn:0.68%, Si:0.05%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.020%, Mo:1.2%, Sc
2o
3: 0.07%, surplus is Fe, special Composition Design has improved hardness and the wearability after material heat treatment;
(5) new material of the present invention need to be equipped with special heat treatment method, and the annealing in process of rough forging can guarantee to anneal in indehiscent situation, reduces difficulty of processing;
(6) in the heat treatment of middle mould of the present invention, to after the middle mold heated to 300 of step (3) Vehicle Processing ℃, be incubated 2h, and then be heated to 930 ℃ insulation 30min, step heating temperature control accurately, when guaranteeing complete austenitizing, can guarantee indeformable, oil cooling after insulation 1h, when oil cooling, need first arc convex is invaded in oil after 30s, this step can improve the wearability of arc convex greatly, again whole middle mould is put into oil, after cool to room temperature, carry out subzero treatment, the temperature of subzero treatment is-189 ℃, keep 0.5h, then at the temperature of 360 ℃, carry out tempering, twice of tempering, the workpiece wearability obtaining is strong, and hardness is high,
(7) in method of the present invention, in step (4), subzero treatment is in the time of cooling, the volume fraction of the gas of filling is respectively 5% helium+69% nitrogen, surplus is argon gas, this is because this material easily produces the situation that top layer crackle and micro-material come off in the time being cooled to below 150, although mechanism is not clear, we find to adopt volume fraction to be respectively 5% helium+69% nitrogen, can eliminate this kind of situation when surplus is the gas of argon gas combination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention mold;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of mould in apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention bed die;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention processing work first step;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention bending while completing;
Fig. 6 is the workpiece shape after apparatus of the present invention bending;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of establishment of coordinate system situation in apparatus of the present invention.
In figure: 1, mold; 2, middle mould; 21, the first arc groove; 22, the second arc groove; 23, part under middle mould; 24, the first spring groove; 25, arc convex; 3, bed die; 31, the 3rd groove; 32, the decorative pearl on top of an official cap; 33, the first spring; 34, the second spring groove; 35, the second spring; 36, bed die side; 37, heading; 4, workpiece.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the bending machine die that a kind of round piece is used, comprises mold 1, middle mould 2 and bed die 3, the lower surface of described mold 1 is circular arc; Middle mould 2 is divided on middle mould part 23 under part and middle mould; On middle mould part top be provided with one to the first recessed arc groove 21, the first arc grooves 21 be semicircle; On middle mould, the left side of part below is part 23 under middle mould, and on middle mould, the right side of part below is provided with the second arc groove 22 to fovea superior; Under middle mould, the middle part of part 23 is provided with the first spring groove 24 to fovea superior on a vertical direction; Under middle mould, the left surface of part 23 is provided with arc convex 25; The middle part of bed die 3 is provided with on vertical direction to the second recessed spring groove 34; The both sides of the second spring groove 34 form two the bed die sides 36 in left and right; The right flank of the bed die side 36 in the second spring groove 34 left sides is provided with heading 37; The left surface of the bed die side 36 on the second spring groove 34 right sides is provided with the spring groove of horizontal direction, is provided with the first spring 33 in this spring; The top of the first spring 33 is provided with the decorative pearl on top of an official cap 32; The inside of the second spring groove 34 is provided with the first spring groove 24 in mould 2 in the second spring 35, the second springs 35 insertions.
The second arc groove 22 is 3/8 circle, and being respectively left side is 1/4 circular arc, and right side is 1/8 circular arc; The left side of the 3rd groove 31 is 1/4 circle, and right side is a plane, and this plane is from the horizontal by 60 ° of angles.
The shape particular importance of
arc convex 25, must reach just in time workpiece shape as shown in Figure 6 of workpiece after the processing of specific moving line guarantee, first as shown in Figure 7, if in the time that the second arc groove 22 contacts with the 3rd groove 31, in the horizontal direction of heading 37 and arc convex 25 contact points, set up X-axis, a Y-axis will be set up on the vertical direction on the limit, left side of
middle mould 2 simultaneously, if any point on
arc convex 25 is A, the radius of the
second arc groove 22 is R, A to the horizontal range of part (23) left surface under middle mould is-X, distance to X-axis is | Y|, the relation between them is
r is the radius of the workpiece that will process, is also the radius of the
second arc groove 22, and the test data of the present embodiment is that R equals 50mm.
An arc convex processing method for the bending machine die that round piece is used, the steps include:
(1) raw material of blank are prepared
Middle mould 2 adopts rough forging to make, and the component of this rough forging and mass percent are: C:1.3%, Cr:14.1%; Mn:0.68%, Si:0.05%, S :≤0.020%, P :≤0.020%, Mo:1.2%, Sc
2o
3: 0.07%, surplus is Fe;
(2) annealing in process of rough forging:
Annealed the rough forging obtaining in step 1 stove is annealed to it, and its annealing temperature is 870 ℃, and annealing time is 5h, is chilled to 450 ℃ of laggard line spaces cold in annealing furnace;
(3) preliminary working of rough forging, is processed into the shape of middle mould 2 with lathe;
(4) heat treatment of mould 2 in:
To after being heated to 300 ℃, the middle mould 2 of step 3 Vehicle Processing be incubated 2h, and then be heated to 930 ℃ insulation 30min, oil cooling after insulation 1h, needs when oil cooling first arc convex 25 is invaded in oil after 30s, more whole middle mould 2 is put into oil, after cool to room temperature, carry out subzero treatment, the temperature of subzero treatment is-189 ℃, keeps 0.5h, then at the temperature of 360 ℃, carry out tempering, twice of tempering; The hardening media of oil cooling is common 1# quenching oil; Subzero treatment is in the time of cooling, and the volume fraction of the gas of filling is respectively 5% helium+69% nitrogen, and surplus is argon gas; After heat treatment, hardness reaches 63HRC, and the hardness of arc convex 25 has reached 64HRC, and through check, metallograph demonstration exists a large amount of tabular martensite and a large amount of diffusion carbides;
(5) middle mould 2 is refined, whether qualifiedly detect size.
When work, that mould 2 inserts in the second spring groove 34, the second spring 35 inserts the first spring groove 24, workpiece 4 is converted into shape as shown in Figure 4 by the first arc groove 21 by mold 1 and middle mould 2, then the 3rd groove 31 of workpiece 4 being put into, continuing to press down the movement of mould 2 in middle mould 2(is to drive by mold 1, this point belongs to well-known to those skilled in the art, do not repeat them here), in the process moving down, can progressively there is small variation to the right in middle mould 2, be pressed onto the second arc groove 22 contacts with the 3rd groove 31 always, result as shown in Figure 5, obtain workpiece as shown in Figure 6, the poor 0.02mm that equals of maximum gauge place and minimum diameter, substantially negligible, and China Patent No.: the poor 2mm that equals of the maximum gauge place of 201220055877.7 patent and minimum diameter, the present invention has outstanding effect.