CN103868759B - Optimization design method of liquid state effluent measure apparatus sampling system - Google Patents
Optimization design method of liquid state effluent measure apparatus sampling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103868759B CN103868759B CN201210526382.2A CN201210526382A CN103868759B CN 103868759 B CN103868759 B CN 103868759B CN 201210526382 A CN201210526382 A CN 201210526382A CN 103868759 B CN103868759 B CN 103868759B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optimization design method of a liquid state effluent measure apparatus sampling system, which comprises the optimization of a detector system used by matching with a sampling chamber in the sampling system; optimization of the thickness of a shielding layer at the peripheral part of the sampling chamber; and optimization of volume and dimension of the sampling chamber. The method comprises the following steps: for a simulated source item containing nuclide to be measured, preferably selecting a detector with 1-5 inches and performing preliminary simulation by different sizes, analyzing detection and electronic performance of the detector, and analyzing the relation of sampling chamber volume and the detection system counting rate; by aiming at the selected area to take regard of extraneous interference factor, performing background radiation shield simulation to determine an appropriate shielding layer thickness; measuring the counting rate relation of economic cost and detection system; and determining the optimized liquid state effluent monitoring sampling system. According to the method, excellent monitoring performance of the monitoring sampling system is obtained, and the system research and open time can be simultaneously and effectively saved, design cost is saved, and the radiation risk is minimized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radiation Protection Monitoring installation optimization design field, and in particular to a kind of liquid effluent measurement
The Optimization Design of device sampler.
Background technology
All there is liquid radioactive substance in nuclear facilities, in these materials, no in the whole cycle such as construction, operation, retired
What is reused is arranged to environment by discharge pipe, and monitoring must be all implemented before discharge, it is ensured that discharge meets regulation, standard and requires,
And optimized.And generally effectively real-time method is provided in wire type liquid effluent monitor, although these monitors
Performance be difficult to be compared with laboratory analytical instrument, but it has, and sampling is convenient, measurement in real time advantage is laboratory analyzers
Device is incomparable, thus is also the guarantee for realizing nuclear safety, is the protection public and the indispensable powerful measure of environment.How
It is sufficiently complex problem to give full play to online monitoring instrument advantage, be still so far Radiation monitoring technical research main points it
One.
Although just there is water monitoring instrument the country early in last century, because of the restriction of scientific research condition at that time, manufactured monitoring
In instrument sampling room, what is had have references to external pertinent instruments, taking sth for granted of having got water sample can, seldom carry out depth
Enter research and the instrument for designing.
And external pertinent instruments, it is also much to give to have got the concept that sample just can be monitored, and publicity materials show
The performance of its monitoring system is then odd good.
Again, the design work of suitable liquid effluent monitor, particularly liquid effluent monitor need to such as be carried out
The design and checking work of sampling room, needs the sampling room of the complicated multi-specification of configuration, and these sampling rooms must be conveniently
The selection of detector position, to determine rational scheme.There is test difficulty greatly in this method for designing, material（Particularly radiate
Property material）Consumption is big, while more radiation test risks are also brought, so Jie of rare similar work both at home and abroad
Continue.
In fact, the design problem of water monitoring instrument is considerably complicated, be first which type of structure be suitable；Next to that chi
It is very little what kind of；Be again external interference resistance how；Further need exist for consider above-mentioned factor cost and how to balance, decontamination
The problems such as.Practical work in the urgent need to efficiently solving the problem of sampling of liquid effluent monitoring system, its matter of utmost importance be as
What lift system performance.
The content of the invention
For the needs of practical work, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler
Optimization Design, ensure that using the method and is effectively saved while acquisition monitoring sampler excellent Monitoring Performance
About systematic study and open hour, the design cost of sampler is saved, and minimize radiation risk.
To reach object above, the technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler
Optimization Design, including：
With the optimization of the matching used detector system in sampling room in sampler；It is located at the screen layer of sampling room periphery
Thickness optimization；The volume of sampling room and the optimization of size；Concrete grammar is as follows：
With the liquid effluent containing nucleic to be measured of simulation to simulate source item, preferably with 1-5 inches detector point 3-5 kinds rule
Lattice size, carries out Preliminary Simulation, analyzes the detection of detector and the volume of electronics performance and sampling room and detection system
The relation of counting rate；
Consider external interference factor for selection area, Background radiation shielding simulation is carried out, to determine suitable screen layer
Thickness, the determination principle of the thickness of screen layer is to guarantee to disturb radiation to the counting of detector less than the outflow of target unit liquid
Counting of the thing to detector；
The relation of economic cost and the counting rate of detection system is weighed, the volume and size range of sampling room is determined；
Comprehensive analysis above-mentioned factor, it is determined that the liquid effluent monitoring sampler of optimization.
Further, it is simulated using DSMC and is analyzed.
Further, detector system selects NaI, CsI, LaCl3、LaBr3Or HPGe can spectral pattern detector, detector is sensitive
The geometric center or geometric center that the center of body is located at sampling room is on the upper side and less than the position of physical dimension 1/4；Sampling
Room is cylinder or near cylindrical.
Further, at least contain in the simulation source item that Preliminary Simulation is adopted137Cs、60Two kinds of nucleic of Co, sampling room
Size is related to the change in volume multiple for partly subtracting thickness degree and sampling room of simulation source item radiation, while joining with the performance of detector
Number is related.
Further, during the relation of the counting rate of the volume of analytical sampling room and detection system, including the body for weighing sampling room
Product increases the variation tendency with counting rate, and the variation tendency of the change in size with counting rate of sampling room is weighed if necessary；Need excellent
When changing detector, the size and/or type of detector is correspondingly changed.
Further, the volume of sampling room chooses more than 2 groups different volumes, and analog result is converted to unit bodies
Product activity concentration represents the counting rate ability of detection system with the product of efficiency.
Further, carry out Background radiation shielding simulation when, external interference factor reference environment investigation obtain radon, thorium and its
The maximum that the concentration and concentration range of its natural radionuclide is recommended；Background radiation source item selects point source or equivalent
It is to be equivalent to the plane source of certain size more than the spherical shell source of the liquid effluent size simulated, or infinity plane source；It is equivalent
The size in source is determined according to inverse square coefficient with the product of source radiation activity.
Further, make during simulation the thickness of screen layer and the radiation of Background radiation source item partly subtract thickness or ten sesquialters subtract layer
It is thick related.
Further, shielding thickness determines that principle is to guarantee to disturb counting rate less than the 10% of the counting rate of liquid effluent.
Further, during the relation of measurement economic cost and counting rate, selection makes economic cost increase and counting rate growth
Proportion relation, economic cost includes sampling amount cost, sampling room's material and processing charges.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is：
Firstth, the method provided using the present invention, can effectively be saved liquid effluent monitoring system and particularly be sampled
The design cost of system, abandons and need in the past development lot of experiments and bring the deficiency of radiation risk.
Secondth, the liquid effluent monitoring sampler of the Methods of optimization design provided using the present invention, can effectively be carried
Rise its corresponding volume activity concentration detection performance.
3rd, using the present invention provide method, can ensure good Monitoring Performance while effective reduces cost.
4th, the method provided using the present invention, can effectively be saved the system research and development time.
5th, the method provided using the present invention, it is ensured that detection efficiency, obtains anti-interference while cost-effective
（Background）The liquid effluent monitoring technique and instrument of excellent performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention monitors sampler using the liquid effluent that Monte-carlo Simulation is obtained
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the present invention monitors sampler based on DSMC optimization design liquid effluent；
Fig. 3 represents that the detection of the liquid effluent containing different nucleic under detector of the same race is counted and closes with the change of liquor capacity
System, wherein, curve A is represented and contained60Co nucleic is detected under 1.332MeV energy and counted with the variation relation of liquor capacity, curve B
Expression contains60Co nucleic is detected under 1.117MeV energy and counted with the variation relation of liquor capacity, and curve C is represented and contained137Co nucleic
The detection under 0.662MeV energy is counted with the variation relation of liquor capacity.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the invention will be further described.
In the present invention, description is only to be preferable to carry out flow process, can be according to saying when being simulated using DSMC
The flow process order of bright book is implemented, but the flow process order of other changes falls within the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structure that a kind of liquid effluent of the optimization obtained according to method of the present invention simulation monitors sampler
Schematic diagram, the sampler include sampling room, be located at sampling room periphery screen layer 4 and with the matching used detection in sampling room
Device system 3, the sensitive body 2 of the detector on detector system 3 is stretched in sampling room, and sampling room is used to contain monitoring object --- take
A certain amount of liquid effluent 1.
Accompanying drawing 2 is can be found in using the flow process of the above-mentioned sampler of DSMC framework, it is described further below.
The type of detector is determined during Preliminary Simulation, and determines its sensitive shape and physical parameter（It is not limited to material）.
For the detector of simulation, when its size does not determine, can be designed according to market exemplary detector；Such as can be special
The detector of processing such as scintillator detector, can use typical 1,2,3 inches of detector optimizations being simulated needed for assessment
Size.It is simulated analysis using 1-50 inches detector point 3-5 kinds specification if necessary.
Detector system selects NaI, CsI, LaCl3、LaBr3Or HPGe energy spectral pattern detectors, the center of the sensitive body of detector
The geometric center or geometric center that position is located at sampling room is on the upper side and less than the position of physical dimension 1/4.
Sampling room is preferably cylindrical or near cylindrical.For 3 inches of standard and following NaI detectors, sampling room
Volume<100L, sampling room is preferably dimensioned to be diameter of phi<60cm, height H<60cm.
For the liquid effluent of simulation, contain in preferred water60Co、137C s radionuclides, and send the γ of corresponding energy
Radiation.If salinity etc. reaches certain level and can not ignore in liquid effluent, such as preferred density change>± 5% but not limited to this,
Then it is simulated by saline solution.
For effluent amount number, according to the multiple for weakening thickness and change in volume in ray water or approximate during simulation
Relation is designed, it is to avoid excessive workload.
To set up preferable analog quantity, the interference of nature background is preferably ignored during Preliminary Simulation.
For the result of simulation, unit volume activity concentration is preferably used with the product representation detection system of detection efficient
Counting rate ability（See Fig. 3）, to be estimated to the system results simulated.During assessment, weigh the counting rate of detection system and take
The variation tendency of the volume of specimen chamber, select volume increase little, counting rate put forward elevated design can effective lift system
Performance and reduction economic cost.Preferably, select with the design that counting rate changes in the region of 1%-20% that increases of volume
Scheme, can effectively reduces cost and obtain preferable detection performance and lifted.
Further, external interference such as background is considered with reference to selection area（It is natural or artificial）Interference.
For the simulation of natural factor Background radiation, it is considered preferred to but the natural gamma radiation of radon, thorium daughter etc. is not limited to, ginseng
Examine the maximum that the concentration and concentration range of radon, thorium and other natural radionuclides that environmental survey is obtained are recommended.
It is preferred that using point source or be equivalent to slightly larger than the spherical shell source for simulating liquid effluent size, or the plane that infinity plane source is equivalent
Source carries out Background radiation shielding simulation, to determine the thickness of suitable screen layer；The size of equivalent source is preferably according to inverse square
Coefficient is determined with the product of source radiation activity.
During simulation, what the thickness and Background radiation source item for preferably making screen layer was radiated partly subtract thickness or ten sesquialters subtract thickness phase
Close.To reduce design difficulty, screen layer preferably adopts or similar structures consistent with sampling room, it is ensured that under conventional or special scene
It increases as little as possible to detection system counting rate.
The determination principle of shielding thickness is, it is ensured that interference radiation is to the counting of detector less than the outflow of target unit liquid
Counting of the thing to detector, preferred interference radiation is less than 10% to the interference counting rate of liquid effluent.Subtract to lift detection performance
Few interference etc., can increase shielding thickness, excellent to ensure to disturb counting rate less than the counting rate level of the detection limit of detection system
The detection limit counting rate for electing detection system as less than 10% is preferred.
Concrete once complete design cycle can be found in accompanying drawing 2, and optimization design simulation must be set up as stated above no less than 2
Group（I.e. the volume of sampling room chooses more than 2 groups different volumes）Typical case, use to optimize contrast.
Further, consider cost with reference to above-mentioned data, weigh the relation of economic cost and counting rate, determine sampling room
Volume and size range.
It is preferred that increase economic cost increases proportion relation with counting rate.
Herein for convenience of design implementation, preferably economic cost can be thought of as sampling amount cost and sampling room's material with processing
Expense.Preferably, sampling room's Master Cost increases into certain functional relationship with geometry increase.
Finally, the variation relation of the sampling building volume for obtaining with reference to Preliminary Simulation and the counting rate of detection system, add
It is the preferable detection system of the efficiency change of background, anti-interference（Such as natural radiation）Shielding thickness and monitoring system economy
Cost etc. is analyzed, so that it is determined that the liquid effluent monitoring sampler of optimization.
For example, when detecting using 3 feet of NaI detectors, the sampling room of cylinder or cylinder bottom spheroid, post are preferably used
Body radius is 10-25cm, is highly 10-50cm, and preferred volume is 10-20L.
, simply to the illustration of the present invention, the present invention can also be with other ad hoc fashions or other for above-described embodiment
Particular form is implemented, without departing from idea of the invention or substitutive characteristics.Therefore, from the point of view of the embodiment of description is in terms of any
It is regarded as illustrative rather than determinate.The scope of the present invention should illustrate by appended claims, any and claim
Intention and the equivalent change of scope also should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Optimization Design of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler, it is characterised in that include：
With the optimization of the matching used detector system in sampling room in sampler；It is located at the thickness of the screen layer of sampling room periphery
The optimization of degree；The volume of sampling room and the optimization of size；Concrete grammar is as follows：
With the liquid effluent containing nucleic to be measured of simulation to simulate source item, with 1-5 inches detector 3-5 kind specifications are divided,
Preliminary Simulation is carried out, the detection of detector and the volume of electronics performance and sampling room and the counting rate of detection system is analyzed
Relation；
Consider external interference factor for selection area, Background radiation shielding simulation is carried out, to determine the thickness of suitable screen layer
Degree, the determination principle of the thickness of screen layer is to guarantee to disturb radiation to be less than target unit liquid effluent pair to the counting of detector
The counting of detector；
The relation of economic cost and the counting rate of detection system is weighed, the volume and size range of sampling room is determined；
Comprehensive analysis above-mentioned factor, it is determined that the liquid effluent monitoring sampler of optimization；
Wherein, when carrying out Background radiation shielding simulation, radon that the investigation of external interference factor reference environment is obtained, thorium and other are natural
The maximum that the concentration and concentration range of radionuclide is recommended；Background radiation source item is from point source or is equivalent to be more than
The spherical shell source of the liquid effluent size of simulation, or infinity plane source is equivalent to the plane source of certain size；The chi of equivalent source
It is very little to be determined with the product of source radiation activity according to inverse square coefficient.
2. the Optimization Design of a kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler according to claim 1, its feature
It is to be simulated using DSMC and analyzed；Detector selects NaI, CsI, LaCl3、LaBr3Or HPGe can spectral pattern spy
Survey device, it is on the upper side and less than physical dimension to geometric center that the center of the sensitive body of detector is located at the geometric center of sampling room
1/4 position；Sampling room is cylinder or near cylindrical.
3. the Optimization Design of a kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler according to claim 2, its feature
It is at least to contain in the simulation source item that Preliminary Simulation is adopted137Cs、60Two kinds of nucleic of Co, the size and simulation source of sampling room
Radiation partly to subtract thickness degree related to the change in volume multiple of sampling room, while related to the performance parameter of detector.
4. according to a kind of Optimization Design of the arbitrary described liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler of claim 1-3,
Characterized in that, during the relation of the counting rate of the volume of analytical sampling room and detection system, including the volume increasing for weighing sampling room
Plus the variation tendency with counting rate；When needing to optimize detector, the size and/or type of detector is correspondingly changed.
5. the Optimization Design of a kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler according to claim 4, its feature
Be that the volume of sampling room chooses more than 2 groups different volumes, and by analog result be converted to unit volume activity concentration with
The product of efficiency is representing the counting rate ability of detection system.
6. the Optimization Design of a kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler described in claim 5, it is characterised in that
Thickness that what the thickness and Background radiation source item that screen layer is made during simulation was radiated partly subtract or ten sesquialters subtract that thickness is related, and shielding thickness is true
It is to guarantee to disturb counting rate less than the 10% of the counting rate of liquid effluent to determine principle.
7. the Optimization Design of a kind of liquid effluent measurement apparatus sampler according to claim 6, its feature
It is that during the relation of measurement economic cost and counting rate, selection makes economic cost increase and the proportional pass of counting rate growth
System, economic cost includes sampling amount cost, sampling room's material and processing charges.
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| CN106896396A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of method for calibrating inert gas outflow thing off-line monitoring instrument detection efficient |
| CN105677954B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-09-11 | 重庆真测科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ray detection room radiation protection design method |
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| CN202382970U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-08-15 | 国核电力规划设计研究院 | Liquid-gas sampling system |
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