CN103868630A - Inverse magnetostrictive effect-based suspender tension sensor and tension measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Inverse magnetostrictive effect-based suspender tension sensor and tension measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An inverse magnetostrictive effect-based suspender tension sensor consists of two clamps, a connecting rod, two excitation coils and a detecting coil; a clamping part is formed at one end of each clamp, a connecting part is formed at the other end of each clamp, and the clamps are fixedly connected with a suspender to be measured by the clamping parts and are connected with the connecting rod by the connecting parts; the excitation coils are wound between the connecting parts and the clamping parts of the clamps; the detecting coil is wound between the two connecting parts on the connecting rod; the connecting rod forms a yoke, the clamps form magnetic poles, and the yoke, the two magnetic poles and the suspender to be measured between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnet loop. The inverse magnetostrictive effect-based suspender tension sensor has the beneficial technical effects of greatly simplifying the mounting process of the tension sensor, widening the application environment of a tensile stress sensor and providing a new means for the stress monitoring of the suspender.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for measuring internal stress of a steel member aiming at a cable and a rod, in particular to a suspender tension sensor based on an inverse magnetostriction effect and a tension measuring method thereof.
Background
The suspension rods in a tied arch bridge can be generally made into rigid suspension rods or flexible suspension rods. Rigid boom applications are as follows:
the suspender is an axial tension member, and the reinforced concrete member is easy to crack and has larger section size, so a prestressed member is usually adopted, and the suspender is prevented from cracking under the action of load by applying prestress to the suspender, so the suspender is called as a rigid suspender. The flexible suspender adopts prestressed high-strength steel wire bundles or steel stranded wires, only bears the action of tensile force and can not be pressed, and the flexible suspender is more reasonable and convenient to use when the bridge is wider, the distance between the suspenders is larger and the load is also larger. Whether rigid or flexible, the above requires accurate measurement of the tension.
At present, the method can be primarily used for measuring the tension of the suspender at home and abroad by a vibration frequency method and an electromagnetic measurement method by installing a sleeve type magnetic bomb sensor. The vibration frequency method is characterized in that an acceleration sensor is installed on a suspension rod to measure the natural frequency of the suspension rod vibration, then a structural model is built by utilizing the mechanical parameters of the suspension rod, modal analysis is carried out to obtain the relation between the tension and the vibration frequency, and the tension is calculated. Besides an indirect measurement mode, the frequency of the suspension rod is inconvenient to measure through random oscillation starting, and external excitation is often needed.
When the ferromagnetic material is acted by external stress, the geometric parameters such as length, sectional area and the like and the internal stress of the ferromagnetic material are changed, and the change of the geometric parameters and the internal stress finally causes the change of the magnetic characteristic parameters (such as magnetic permeability) of the ferromagnetic material. When the magnetic characteristic parameter (magnetic permeability) changes due to the change of stress, if electromagnetic excitation is applied to the ferromagnetic material, the change of the magnetic characteristic parameter can be measured in a proper way, and the stress state can be reversely deduced.
Stress measurement research and application of present cable-strut steel member based on reverse magnetostriction are still in the starting stage, specifically to the jib, and common measurement mode is: use by survey jib as the iron core, set up induction coil and excitation coil outside the iron core, surveyed the jib both be the iron core of excitation coil simultaneously also induction coil's iron core, this kind of measurement mode need cup joint the coil outside being surveyed the jib, so among the prior art or wear the cover on the jib with the coil sleeve in advance when preparation or installation jib, or only can the on-the-spot coiling coil, measuring device installs very troublesome, great restriction its application and measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background art, the invention provides a suspender tension sensor based on the inverse magnetostriction effect, which has the structure that: the boom tension sensor consists of two clamps, a connecting rod, two exciting coils and a detecting coil; one end of the clamp forms a clamping part, the other end of the clamp forms a connecting part, the clamp is fixedly connected with the hanging rod to be tested through the clamping part, and the clamp is connected with the connecting rod through the connecting part; the excitation coil is wound at a position between the connecting part and the clamping part on the clamp, and the detection coil is wound at a position between the two connecting parts on the connecting rod; the connecting rod forms a yoke, the clamp forms a magnetic pole, and the yoke, the two magnetic poles and the to-be-detected suspender between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnetic loop.
The principle of the suspender tension sensor is as follows: after the yoke, the left and right magnetic poles and the to-be-detected suspender between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnetic loop, at the moment, the magnitude of the external stress borne by the to-be-detected suspender under the current condition can be known only by measuring the output induced voltage on the detection coil. Compared with the prior art, the structure provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in disassembly and assembly, the sensor is not required to be arranged in advance when the suspender is manufactured or installed, the coil is not required to be wound on site, the sensor can be conveniently and additionally arranged on the suspender in operation, and the application environment of the sensor based on the inverse magnetostrictive effect in stress measurement is greatly expanded.
In order to simplify the structure of the sensor so as to manufacture and improve the aesthetic property of the sensor, the invention also makes the following improvements on the basis of the scheme: the axial direction of the connecting rod is parallel to the axial direction of the suspender to be measured. For the same reasons as the previous improvements, the invention also proposes the following preferred solutions for the structure of the connecting rod and the clamp: the axial direction of the connecting rod is vertical to the axial direction of the clamp.
The invention also proposes the following preferred solutions for the connecting rod: the connecting rod is cuboid, is provided with two axially parallel's mounting hole on the connecting rod, and the mounting hole shape matches with connecting portion shape, and connecting portion peg graft in the mounting hole, connecting portion and mounting hole interference fit.
Preferably, the clamping part consists of two clamping blocks, wherein one clamping block and the clamp body are of an integral structure; the two clamping blocks are provided with semicircular gaps, and the two semicircular gaps clamp the suspender to be tested; the two clamping blocks are connected through bolts.
The invention also provides a suspender tension measuring method based on the inverse magnetostriction effect, and a hardware device depended on by the measuring method is the suspender tension sensor; the measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) installing the suspender tension sensor on a suspender to be measured;
2) electromagnetic excitation is applied to the suspender tension sensor regularly, the output voltage value of the suspender tension sensor under the current electromagnetic excitation condition is read, and tension is calculated;
3) comparing the calculated tension with a set safety threshold: if the calculated tension is greater than the safety threshold, an alarm is sent; if the tension is smaller than the safety threshold, only recording and not alarming, and returning to the step 2);
in step 2), the pulling force σ (t) is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein N isInductionThe number of turns of the induction coil; sHanging craneThe cross section area of the suspender to be measured; hmA magnetic field amplitude that is an electromagnetic excitation; v is the output voltage of the suspender tension sensor under the current electromagnetic excitation condition; m is1M being the first order Taylor expansion coefficient related to the material of the boom1The method can be obtained by carrying out simulation experiment on a sample with the same material as the suspender to be detected.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the installation process of the tensile stress sensor based on the inverse magnetostrictive effect is greatly simplified, the adaptive environment of the tensile stress sensor is expanded, and a new means is provided for stress monitoring of the suspender.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural view of the present invention;
the names of the components corresponding to the marks in the figure are respectively as follows: the device comprises a clamp 1, a clamping part 1-1, a connecting part 1-2, clamping blocks 1-3, a connecting rod 2, an exciting coil 3, a detection coil 4 and a suspender to be measured 5.
Detailed Description
A boom tension sensor based on inverse magnetostriction effect is structurally characterized in that: the suspender tension sensor consists of two clamps 1, a connecting rod 2, two exciting coils 3 and a detecting coil 4; one end of the clamp 1 forms a clamping part 1-1, the other end of the clamp 1 forms a connecting part 1-2, the clamp 1 is fixedly connected with a suspender to be measured 5 through the clamping part 1-1, and the clamp 1 is connected with a connecting rod 2 through the connecting part 1-2; an excitation coil 3 is wound on the clamp 1 at a position between the connecting part 1-2 and the clamping part 1-1, and a detection coil 4 is wound on the connecting rod 2 at a position between the two connecting parts 1-2; the connecting rod 2 forms a yoke, the clamp 1 forms a magnetic pole, and the yoke, the two magnetic poles and the to-be-detected suspender 5 between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnetic loop.
Further, the axial direction of the connecting rod 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the suspender to be measured 5.
Further, the axial direction of the connecting rod 2 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the clamp 1.
Furthermore, the connecting rod 2 is cuboid, two axially parallel mounting holes are formed in the connecting rod 2, the shape of each mounting hole is matched with that of the connecting portion 1-2, the connecting portion 1-2 is inserted into the mounting holes, and the connecting portion 1-2 is in interference fit with the mounting holes.
Furthermore, the clamping part 1-1 consists of two clamping blocks, wherein one clamping block and the clamp 1 body are of an integral structure; the two clamping blocks are provided with semicircular gaps, and the two semicircular gaps clamp the suspender 5 to be detected; the two clamping blocks are connected through bolts.
A boom tension measuring method based on inverse magnetostriction effect relates to hardware with a boom tension sensor, wherein the boom tension sensor consists of two clamps 1, a connecting rod 2, two exciting coils 3 and a detecting coil 4; one end of the clamp 1 forms a clamping part 1-1, the other end of the clamp 1 forms a connecting part 1-2, the clamp 1 is fixedly connected with a suspender to be measured 5 through the clamping part 1-1, and the clamp 1 is connected with a connecting rod 2 through the connecting part 1-2; an excitation coil 3 is wound on the clamp 1 at a position between the connecting part 1-2 and the clamping part 1-1, and a detection coil 4 is wound on the connecting rod 2 at a position between the two connecting parts 1-2; the connecting rod 2 forms a yoke, the clamp 1 forms a magnetic pole, and the yoke, the two magnetic poles and the to-be-detected suspender 5 between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnetic loop;
the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
1) the suspender tension sensor is arranged on a suspender 5 to be measured;
2) electromagnetic excitation is applied to the suspender tension sensor regularly, the output voltage value of the suspender tension sensor under the current electromagnetic excitation condition is read, and tension is calculated;
3) comparing the calculated tension with a set safety threshold: if the calculated tension is greater than the safety threshold, an alarm is sent; if the tension is smaller than the safety threshold, only recording and not alarming, and returning to the step 2);
in step 2), the pulling force σ (t) is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein N isInductionThe number of turns of the induction coil; sHanging craneThe cross section area of the suspender 5 to be measured; hmA magnetic field amplitude that is an electromagnetic excitation; v is the output voltage of the suspender tension sensor under the current electromagnetic excitation condition; m is1M being the first order Taylor expansion coefficient related to the material of the boom1Can be obtained by carrying out simulation experiment on a sample with the same material as the suspender 5 to be measured.
The aforementioned tension calculation formula is derived as follows:
when the suspension rod is magnetized axially by adopting a certain form of excitation magnetic field, the induced output voltage caused by loading external force and temperature change of materials is different according to the difference of the excitation magnetic field; the excitation magnetic field can be divided into the conditions of steady magnetic field excitation, periodic pulse magnetic field excitation, alternating magnetic field excitation and the like;
since electromagnetic induction occurs between the excitation and induction coils of the sensor, the magnetic flux through the coil must be varied according to faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and therefore a periodic pulsed current of fixed amplitude and duty cycle is applied to the excitation coil to produce a periodic pulsed excitation magnetic field, the relationship between the pulling force on the boom and the sensor output (i.e., the integrated induction voltage) regardless of temperature is shown by the following equation:
wherein, VInduction(t) is the total output induced voltage; n is a radical ofInductionThe number of turns of the induction coil; mu.s0Air permeability; sAir conditionerThe area of an air gap of the cross section of the inverse magnetostrictive boom sensor; h (t) is the magnetic field generated by the exciting coil current;
representing a magnetic field change; μ (0,0) is the magnetic permeability of air at 0 degrees centigrade; sHanging craneThe cross section area of the suspender is shown; m is1Is a first order Taylor expansion experiment coefficient related to the boom material; m is2Is the second order taylor expansion coefficient associated with the material of the boom; sigma (t) is a pulling force acting on the suspender;
the above formula is from t to time0Integrated by t is:
if H (t) ═ HmThen H (t)0)＝-HmLet us order
Then there are:
according to the above formula, the induction integral voltage and the loading external force are in a quadratic function relationship, and in practical engineering, the above formula can be simplified into a linear function through linear fitting, and then the above formula can be simplified into:
wherein,
is a voltage constant related to the number of turns of the induction coil, an excitation magnetic field, the cross section area of the cable, the initial permeability of the material and the like; the output sensitivity S of the sensorSensitivity of the probeCan be expressed by the following formula:
can be obtained by the above type deformation
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a jib force sensor that pulls based on contrary magnetostrictive effect which characterized in that: the suspender tension sensor consists of two clamps (1), a connecting rod (2), two exciting coils (3) and a detecting coil (4); one end of the clamp (1) forms a clamping part (1-1), the other end of the clamp (1) forms a connecting part (1-2), the clamp (1) is fixedly connected with a to-be-tested suspender (5) through the clamping part (1-1), and the clamp (1) is connected with the connecting rod (2) through the connecting part (1-2); an excitation coil (3) is wound at a position between the connecting part (1-2) and the clamping part (1-1) on the clamp (1), and a detection coil (4) is wound at a position between the two connecting parts (1-2) on the connecting rod (2); the connecting rod (2) forms a yoke, the clamp (1) forms a magnetic pole, and the yoke, the two magnetic poles and the to-be-detected suspender (5) between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnetic loop.
2. The inverse magnetostrictive effect-based boom tension sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the axial direction of the connecting rod (2) is parallel to the axial direction of the suspender (5) to be measured.
3. The inverse magnetostrictive effect-based boom tension sensor according to claim 2, wherein: the axial direction of the connecting rod (2) is vertical to the axial direction of the clamp (1).
4. The inverse magnetostrictive effect-based boom tension sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting rod (2) is cuboid, two axially parallel mounting holes are formed in the connecting rod (2), the shape of each mounting hole is matched with that of the connecting portion (1-2), the connecting portions (1-2) are inserted into the mounting holes, and the connecting portions (1-2) are in interference fit with the mounting holes.
5. The inverse magnetostrictive effect-based boom tension sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping part (1-1) consists of two clamping blocks, wherein one clamping block and the clamp (1) body are of an integral structure; the two clamping blocks are provided with semicircular gaps, and the two semicircular gaps clamp the suspender (5) to be tested; the two clamping blocks are connected through bolts.
6. A suspender tension measuring method based on the inverse magnetostriction effect is characterized in that: the related hardware is provided with a suspender tension sensor, and the suspender tension sensor consists of two clamps (1), a connecting rod (2), two exciting coils (3) and a detecting coil (4); one end of the clamp (1) forms a clamping part (1-1), the other end of the clamp (1) forms a connecting part (1-2), the clamp (1) is fixedly connected with a to-be-tested suspender (5) through the clamping part (1-1), and the clamp (1) is connected with the connecting rod (2) through the connecting part (1-2); an excitation coil (3) is wound at a position between the connecting part (1-2) and the clamping part (1-1) on the clamp (1), and a detection coil (4) is wound at a position between the two connecting parts (1-2) on the connecting rod (2); the connecting rod (2) forms a yoke, the clamp (1) forms a magnetic pole, and the yoke, the two magnetic poles and the to-be-detected suspender (5) between the two magnetic poles form a closed magnetic loop;
the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
1) the suspender tension sensor is arranged on a suspender (5) to be measured;
2) electromagnetic excitation is applied to the suspender tension sensor regularly, the output voltage value of the suspender tension sensor under the current electromagnetic excitation condition is read, and tension is calculated;
3) comparing the calculated tension with a set safety threshold: if the calculated tension is greater than the safety threshold, an alarm is sent; if the tension is smaller than the safety threshold, only recording and not alarming, and returning to the step 2);
in step 2), the pulling force σ (t) is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein N isInductionThe number of turns of the induction coil; sHanging craneThe cross section area of the suspender (5) to be measured; hmA magnetic field amplitude that is an electromagnetic excitation; v is the output voltage of the suspender tension sensor under the current electromagnetic excitation condition; m is1M being the first order Taylor expansion coefficient related to the material of the boom1Can be obtained by carrying out simulation experiment on a sample which is the same as the material of the suspender (5) to be measured.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104198283A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 建研科技股份有限公司 | Pulling-out instrument control method for automatically detecting concrete strength |
| CN106289589A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | 北京科技大学 | Tension integral structure round bar component prestress detection method based on magnetoelasticity |
| CN108342971A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-31 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | A kind of movable type cement pavement breaker |
| CN109269685A (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2019-01-25 | 郑州大学 | A kind of concrete stress sensor and its application method |
| CN109387796A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-26 | 本特利内华达有限责任公司 | Improved backlash compensation for magnetostrictive torque sensor |
| CN109799011A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-24 | 东南大学 | A kind of suspension bridge sunpender power measurement device |
| CN110553776A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-10 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Clamp of pipeline support hanger force measuring device and pipeline support hanger force measuring device |
| CN111148976A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2020-05-12 | 特拉法格股份公司 | Load measuring method, load measuring device and load measuring arrangement |
| CN112179531A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-01-05 | 蚌埠恒远传感器科技有限公司 | S-shaped pull pressure sensor |
| CN112556891A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete whole life period internal stress state monitoring device based on film type sensor |
| CN115683436A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-02-03 | 华能广西清洁能源有限公司 | Three-dimensional force sensor based on inverse magnetostriction effect |
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| CN104198283A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 建研科技股份有限公司 | Pulling-out instrument control method for automatically detecting concrete strength |
| CN106289589A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | 北京科技大学 | Tension integral structure round bar component prestress detection method based on magnetoelasticity |
| CN111148976A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2020-05-12 | 特拉法格股份公司 | Load measuring method, load measuring device and load measuring arrangement |
| CN111148976B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2022-03-25 | 特拉法格股份公司 | Load measuring method, load measuring device and load measuring arrangement |
| CN109387796B (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2022-06-03 | 本特利内华达有限责任公司 | Improved backlash compensation for magnetostrictive torque sensors |
| CN109387796A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2019-02-26 | 本特利内华达有限责任公司 | Improved backlash compensation for magnetostrictive torque sensor |
| CN108342971A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-31 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | A kind of movable type cement pavement breaker |
| CN108342971B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2023-05-09 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Portable cement road surface breaker |
| CN109269685A (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2019-01-25 | 郑州大学 | A kind of concrete stress sensor and its application method |
| CN109269685B (en) * | 2018-10-21 | 2024-03-15 | 郑州大学 | Concrete stress sensor and application method thereof |
| CN109799011A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-24 | 东南大学 | A kind of suspension bridge sunpender power measurement device |
| CN110553776A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-10 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Clamp of pipeline support hanger force measuring device and pipeline support hanger force measuring device |
| CN112179531A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-01-05 | 蚌埠恒远传感器科技有限公司 | S-shaped pull pressure sensor |
| CN112556891A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete whole life period internal stress state monitoring device based on film type sensor |
| CN112556891B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-08-17 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete whole life period internal stress state monitoring device based on film type sensor |
| CN115683436A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-02-03 | 华能广西清洁能源有限公司 | Three-dimensional force sensor based on inverse magnetostriction effect |
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Application publication date: 20140618 |