CN103866172B - A kind of super thick and stiff matter Alloy And Preparation Method of narrow particle size distribution - Google Patents
A kind of super thick and stiff matter Alloy And Preparation Method of narrow particle size distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN103866172B CN103866172B CN201210549232.3A CN201210549232A CN103866172B CN 103866172 B CN103866172 B CN 103866172B CN 201210549232 A CN201210549232 A CN 201210549232A CN 103866172 B CN103866172 B CN 103866172B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the super thick and stiff matter Alloy And Preparation Method of a kind of narrow particle size distribution. This super thick hard alloy is WC-Co hard alloy, and the dispersion of WC grain particle size distribution is less than or equal to 1.5, and dispersion is (D90-D10)/D50, wherein D90、D50And D10Particle diameter when respectively number cumulative distribution reaches 90%, 50% and 10%; WC grain mean diameter D50It it is 6 μm～10 μm; The weight content of cobalt is 3%～16%. The hardness HV of hard alloy10It is 700～1100; The bending strength of alloy is more than 2000MPa. The preparation method of the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution includes super thick tungsten carbide powder hard agglomeration and crushes, tungsten carbide powder grading, and tungsten-carbide powder magnetron sputtering is coated with cobalt, wet mixing, dries, and suppresses and sintering. Prepared super thick WC-Co hard alloy uniform texture, WC hard phase average grain size is thick, crystal grain narrowly distributing, the good combination property of alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the super thick and stiff matter Alloy And Preparation Method of a kind of narrow particle size distribution. The super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution is mainly used in novel high reliability long life mine instrument, digging instrument, milling train composite roll collar, high abrasion shock resistance mould etc.
Background technology
According to current international practice specification, grain size is extra-coarse grained carbide alloy more than 6.0 μm. The WC particle of super thick WC-Co hard alloy has that crystal structure is complete, fault of construction is few, intensity and the series of advantages such as hardness is high, microstrain is little. Super thick WC-Co hard alloy good toughness, shock resistance, high temperature hardness is high, thermal conductivity high, the deformation of creep is little, is widely used in mine instrument, petroleum drilling and mining instrument, coal-winning machine digging instrument, Tunnel Engineering shield machine cutter, diel, composite roll etc.
Using and engineering hard material as high performance mineral, the heterogeneous microstructure of super thick hard alloy, particularly the performance of hard alloy is had conclusive impact by the particle size distribution of hard phase tungsten carbide crystal grain. The wide meeting of particle size distribution of WC grain significantly reduces the performance with its super thick hard alloy prepared. The accumulation regions of thick tungsten carbide particle and tiny tungsten carbide particle easily becomes the formation of crack of fatigue failure, and low-alloyed heat conductivity can drop in the existence of tiny WC particle, and then drops low-alloyed thermal fatigue property. Therefore, the super thick hard alloy preparing narrow particle size distribution has great importance.
The existing patent report of preparation method about super coarse-grain hard alloy. Chinese patent CN102676902A adopts and through the high temperature of 2100～2400 DEG C, WC raw material is carried out carbonization again, then adopts ultrasonic vibration mode to carry out multi-stage screening, then adopts conventional method to be prepared for the super thick hard alloy that WC mean grain size is 5～6 μm.Patent CN102560216A adopts and the grain size WC material powder more than 4.5 μm is carried out mechanical activation process, it is coated with WC type composite powder by hydro-thermal High Pressure Hydrogen reduction Co/Ni hydroxide alkalescence slurry preparation nanometer package assembly Co/Ni subsequently, then adopts conventional method to prepare super thick hard alloy. Patent CN101824574A adopts and will grind the state Fisher particle size super thick tungsten-carbide powder more than 6 μm and cobalt powder premixing, then presintering is carried out, again by the tungsten-cobalt carbide agglomerate of presintering and tungsten carbide and cobalt powder wet grinding, conventional method is then adopted to prepare super thick hard alloy. Patent CN102634684A, adopts and in bipyramid or Y type blender, super thick WC powder and cobalt is carried out premixing, then carry out slight ball milling and be prepared for the super thick hard alloy that grain size is at 6～10 μm. US Patent No. 6692690B2, US6423112B1 and US6126709A adopt comminution by gas stream, broken WC aggregate, obtain the WC powder of narrow particle size distribution, then adopt sol-gel or polyol process that tungsten-carbide powder is carried out cobalt coating, then wet mixing is carried out by being coated with the WC of cobalt, forming agent and appropriate cobalt dust, after spray drying, compacting sintering. Tungsten powder is obtained the mean diameter tungsten powder more than 20 μm by ball mill crushing with screening by US Patent No. 5071473, then tungsten powder is carried out carbonization, carries out crushing to tungsten-carbide powder and sieves, and then prepare into the alloy that cobalt content is 3～20% after carbonization. The particle size distribution of tungsten carbide crystal grain degree in super thick hard alloy is not controlled by domestic patent, the particle size distribution width of prepared alloy WC, it is difficult to obtain high performance super thick hard alloy. The particle size distribution of WC has been regulated and controled by United States Patent (USP), but adopts chemistry cobalt-coating, the easy contaminated environment of cobalt coating procedure.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides the super thick and stiff matter Alloy And Preparation Method of a kind of narrow particle size distribution.
A kind of super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution, it is WC-Co hard alloy, and it is mainly characterized by:
(1) dispersion of WC grain particle size distribution=(D90-D10)/D50Less than or equal to 1.5, wherein D90、D50And D10Particle diameter when respectively number cumulative distribution reaches 90%, 50% and 10% (WC grain particle size distribution is by measuring the chip area of each WC on hard alloy metallograph, then calculating equivalent diameter, then make the number cumulative distribution of WC grain granularity);
(2) WC grain mean diameter D50It it is 6 μm～10 μm;
(3) weight content of the super thick Carbide Cobalt of narrow particle size distribution is 3%～16%, and the hardness HV10 of prepared hard alloy is 700～1100, and the bending strength of alloy is more than 2000MPa.
The preparation method of the super thick hard alloy of above-mentioned narrow particle size distribution, comprises the following steps that super thick tungsten carbide powder hard agglomeration crushes, tungsten carbide powder grading, and tungsten-carbide powder magnetron sputtering is coated with cobalt, wet mixing, dries, and suppresses and sintering.
It is that tungsten-carbide powder by Fisher particle size more than 20 μm puts into stirring ball-milling or rolling ball milling that described super thick tungsten carbide powder hard agglomeration crushes, and carries out " hard agglomeration " of ball mill crushing WC powder.
Described tungsten carbide powder grading is that the method for employing air current classifying or excessively vibrosieve carries out classification, removes relatively fine and thick especially tungsten carbide powder granule by the super thick tungsten-carbide powder through ball mill crushing. During classification, retain 90wt% particle size distribution at middle tungsten-carbide powder.
It is that WC powder after classification is put into magnetron sputtering powder body coater that described magnetron sputtering is coated with cobalt, sputters cobalt plating, it is thus achieved that bonding phase (coating) weight percentage 1% ~ 3% painting cobalt tungsten-carbide powder.
Described wet mixing is to carry out wet mixing in rolling ball milling by being coated with the WC of cobalt, forming agent (such as paraffin or PEG) and appropriate cobalt dust (0%～15%), during wet mixing, adds hard alloy mill ball in a small amount, and ratio of grinding media to material is 0.1～1, and the wet mixing time is 10 ~ 48 hours.
Compound wet mixing obtained adopts the method for vacuum or spray drying to be dried; The dried method adopting mold pressing or isostatic pressed is pressed; Product after molding is adopted vacuum debinding; Described sintering be by molding after product adopt after vacuum debinding, carry out low pressure sintering or HIP sintering, sintering temperature is 1300 ~ 1480 DEG C.
Adopting hard alloy prepared by this technique, neighbours' degree of the hard phase such as bonding phase is evenly distributed, WC is low, and wc grain size is evenly distributed, and is absent from the accumulation regions of thick tungsten carbide particle and tiny tungsten carbide particle, and alloy heat-resistant anti-fatigue performance is good. Prepared alloy is particularly suitable for mine instrument, petroleum drilling and mining instrument, coal-winning machine digging instrument, Tunnel Engineering shield machine cutter, diel, composite roll etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM pattern of the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution.
Fig. 2 is narrow particle size distribution super coarse-grain hard alloy WC grain granularity cumulative distribution.
Detailed description of the invention
The following describes the form of implementation of the present invention. Form of implementation is the example enumerated to deepen the understanding of the present invention, should not be construed as limiting the invention. The scope of the present invention should be the content in claim. Under the premise not past main idea of the present invention, form of implementation can do diversified change.
The preparation method of the super coarse-grain hard alloy of the narrow particle size distribution of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) super thick tungsten carbide powder hard agglomeration crushes: the super thick tungsten carbide powder of Fisher particle size more than 20 μm is put into stirring ball-milling or rolling ball milling, carries out " hard agglomeration " of ball mill crushing WC powder.
2) tungsten carbide powder grading: the super thick tungsten carbide powder after ball mill crushing adopts the method for air current classifying or mistake vibrosieve carry out classification, remove relatively fine and thick especially tungsten carbide powder granule, it is thus achieved that the super thick tungsten carbide powder of particle mean size and particle size distribution needed for meeting subsequent handling.
3) tungsten-carbide powder magnetron sputtering is coated with cobalt: WC powder after classification puts into magnetron sputtering powder body coater, sputters cobalt plating, it is thus achieved that bonding phase weight percentage 1% ~ 3% painting cobalt tungsten-carbide powder.
4) wet mixing: carry out wet mixing in rolling ball milling by being coated with the WC of cobalt, forming agent and appropriate cobalt dust, adds hard alloy mill ball in a small amount during wet mixing, ratio of grinding media to material is 0.1～1, and the wet mixing time is 10 ~ 48 hours.
5) dry: compound wet mixing obtained adopts the method for vacuum or spray drying to be dried.
6) compacting: the method that dried compound adopts mold pressing or isostatic pressed is pressed.
7) sintering: the product after molding is adopted vacuum debinding; The product of elimination forming agent adopts low pressure sintering or HIP sintering, and sintering temperature is 1300 ~ 1480 DEG C.
Embodiment 1:
Being 20 μm by Fsss granularity, carbon content is the WC powder of 6.17%, and in rotary mill, ball milling solves and reunites for 16 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 3:1;Then air current classifying, removes relatively fine and thick especially tungsten carbide powder granule, it is thus achieved that the particle diameter of 90wt% tungsten-carbide powder narrow particle size distribution tungsten carbide powder between 3.5 μm ~ 14 μm; Tungsten-carbide powder is put into cobalt plating in magnetron sputtering coater, is made by cobalt plating the quality of powder increase by 1%; Carrying out wet mixing in rolling ball milling by being coated with the WC of cobalt, paraffin and 5wt% cobalt dust, add hard alloy mill ball in a small amount during wet mixing, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:1, and the wet mixing time is 36 hours; After mixing, through 80 DEG C of dry removing ethanol dried mistake 80 mesh sieves in vacuum drying oven, then by powder compression molding under 200MPa. Being put into by product and carry out negative pressure carrier gas dewaxing and 1300 DEG C of pre-burnings in dewaxing furnace, then sinter at low pressure furnace, sintering temperature is 1480 DEG C.
The mean grain size D of WC in the super crude crystal WC-6Co hard alloy (weight content of cobalt is 6%) of preparation50Being 6.1 μm, the dispersion of WC grain particle size distribution is 1.4, and bending strength is 2300MPa, HV10 hardness is 1080. The dispersion of WC grain particle size distribution=(D90-D10)/D50Less than 1.5, wherein D90、D50And D10Particle diameter when respectively number cumulative distribution reaches 90%, 50% and 10%. WC grain particle size distribution is by measuring the chip area of each WC on hard alloy metallograph, then calculating equivalent diameter, after make the number cumulative distribution of WC grain granularity.
Embodiment 2:
Being 30 μm by Fsss granularity, carbon content is the WC powder of 6.16%, and in agitator mill, ball milling solves and reunites for 4 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 3:1; Then air current classifying, removes relatively fine and thick especially tungsten carbide particle, it is thus achieved that the particle diameter of 90wt% tungsten-carbide powder narrow particle size distribution tungsten carbide powder between 6 μm ~ 24 μm; Then tungsten-carbide powder is put into cobalt plating in magnetron sputtering coater, is made by cobalt plating the quality of powder increase by 2%; WC, PEG and the 12wt% cobalt dust being coated with cobalt being carried out wet mixing in rolling ball milling, adds hard alloy mill ball in a small amount during wet mixing, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:5, and the wet mixing time is 16 hours; After mixing, spray-dried removing ethanol, then by powder isostatic pressing under 200MPa. Being put into by product and carry out negative pressure carrier gas dewaxing and 1300 DEG C of pre-burnings in dewaxing furnace, then sinter at high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) stove, sintering temperature is 1400 DEG C.
In the super crude crystal WC-14Co hard alloy (weight content of cobalt is 14%) of preparation, the mean grain size D50 of WC is 9.1 μm, and the dispersion of WC grain degree particle size distribution is 1.5, and bending strength is 2300MPa, HV10Hardness is 730.
Embodiment 3:
Being 24 μm by Fsss granularity, carbon content is the WC powder of 6.16%, and in rotary mill, ball milling solves and reunites for 16 hours, and ratio of grinding media to material is 3:1; Then air current classifying, removes relatively fine and thick especially tungsten carbide powder granule, it is thus achieved that the particle diameter of 90wt% tungsten-carbide powder narrow particle size distribution tungsten carbide powder between 4.5 μm ~ 18 μm; Then tungsten-carbide powder is put into cobalt plating in magnetron sputtering coater, is made by cobalt plating the quality of powder increase by 1.5%; Carrying out wet mixing in rolling ball milling by being coated with the WC of cobalt, paraffin and 7.5% cobalt dust, add hard alloy mill ball in a small amount during wet mixing, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:3, and the wet mixing time is 16 hours; After mixing, through vacuum drying removing ethanol, then by powder compression molding under 200MPa. Being put into by product and carry out negative pressure carrier gas dewaxing and 1300 DEG C of pre-burnings in dewaxing furnace, then sinter at low pressure furnace, sintering temperature is 1420 DEG C.
The mean grain size D of WC in the super crude crystal WC-9Co hard alloy (weight content of cobalt is 9%) of preparation50Being 7.3 μm, the dispersion of WC grain degree particle size distribution is 1.48, and bending strength is 2300MPa, HV10Hardness is 850.
Super for the narrow particle size distribution of embodiment 1 gained thick hard alloy is carried out electron-microscope scanning and WC grain granularity cumulative distribution analysis, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, is the super thick hard alloy SEM pattern of the narrow particle size distribution of embodiment 1 and WC grain granularity cumulative distribution scattergram. It will be seen that super coarse-grain hard alloy heterogeneous microstructure prepared by the present embodiment is uniform, narrow particle size distribution. Embodiment 2-3 is carried out identical experiment and analysis, it can be seen that it is uniform that super coarse-grain hard alloy prepared by the present invention is respectively provided with heterogeneous microstructure, the feature of narrow particle size distribution.
The hardness HV of the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution prepared by the present invention10It is 700～1100; The bending strength of alloy is more than 2000MPa. Prepared super thick WC-Co hard alloy uniform texture, WC hard phase average grain size is thick, crystal grain narrowly distributing, the good combination property of alloy.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution, comprises the following steps that
1) super thick tungsten carbide powder hard agglomeration crushes: the tungsten-carbide powder of Fisher particle size more than 20 μm is put into stirring ball-milling or rolling ball milling, carries out ball mill crushing;
2) tungsten carbide powder grading: by the tungsten-carbide powder through ball mill crushing, the method of employing air current classifying or excessively vibrosieve carries out classification, remove relatively fine and thick especially tungsten carbide powder granule, retain 90wt% particle size distribution at middle tungsten-carbide powder;
3) tungsten-carbide powder magnetron sputtering is coated with cobalt: the tungsten-carbide powder after classification is put into magnetron sputtering powder body coater, sputters cobalt plating, it is thus achieved that the bonding phase weight percentage of cobalt is the painting cobalt tungsten-carbide powder of 1%～3%;
4) wet mixing: carry out wet mixing in rolling ball milling by being coated with the tungsten carbide of cobalt, forming agent and cobalt dust, during wet mixing, adopts hard alloy mill ball, and ratio of grinding media to material is 0.1～1;
5) dry, to suppress and sintering, after molding, adopt vacuum debinding, then adopt low pressure sintering or HIP sintering, sintering temperature is 1300～1480 DEG C;
Preparing WC-Co hard alloy, the dispersion of WC grain particle size distribution is less than or equal to 1.5, and described dispersion is (D90-D10)/D50, wherein D90、D50And D10Particle diameter when respectively number cumulative distribution reaches 90%, 50% and 10%; The particle diameter D of WC grain50It it is 6 μm～10 μm; The weight content of cobalt is 3%～16%.
2. the preparation method of the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described forming agent is paraffin or PEG, and the wet mixing time is 10～48 hours.
3. the preparation method of the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described dry be that the compound that wet mixing obtains is carried out vacuum or spray drying.
4. the preparation method of the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described compacting is to adopt the method for mold pressing or isostatic pressed to be pressed dried compound.
5. the super thick hard alloy of the narrow particle size distribution that the preparation method of the employing narrow particle size distribution super thick hard alloy according to any one of claim 1-4 obtains.
6. the super thick hard alloy of narrow particle size distribution according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the hardness HV of described super thick hard alloy10Being 700～1100, the bending strength of alloy is more than 2000MPa.
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| CN104498684B (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2017-01-25 | 四川科力特硬质合金股份有限公司 | Decarburization method for hard alloy in vacuum sintering furnace |
| CN105543641B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-03-15 | 山东省四方技术开发有限公司 | Particle reinforced hot rolled seamless steel tube tandem mill composite roll and preparation method thereof |
| CN108048723A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-18 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of wide size distribution hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111286662B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-01-29 | 陕西理工大学 | Low-carbon tungsten adjacency hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
| DE102022122318A1 (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-07 | Betek Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cemented carbide material |
| CN115488334B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-04-11 | 株洲东亚工具有限公司 | Compact forming equipment for hard alloy bar |
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Address after: 100088, 2, Xinjie street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee after: Youyan Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: JIANGXI YAOSHENG TUNGSTEN Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100088, 2, Xinjie street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee before: GENERAL Research Institute FOR NONFERROUS METALS Patentee before: JIANGXI YAOSHENG TUNGSTEN Co.,Ltd. Address after: 100088, 2, Xinjie street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee after: China Youyan Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: JIANGXI YAOSHENG TUNGSTEN Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100088, 2, Xinjie street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee before: Youyan Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: JIANGXI YAOSHENG TUNGSTEN Co.,Ltd. |