CN103866078B - A point method for comprehensive utilization is melted in the prereduction of a kind of high-iron bauxite shaft furnace - Google Patents
A point method for comprehensive utilization is melted in the prereduction of a kind of high-iron bauxite shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103866078B CN103866078B CN201410048401.4A CN201410048401A CN103866078B CN 103866078 B CN103866078 B CN 103866078B CN 201410048401 A CN201410048401 A CN 201410048401A CN 103866078 B CN103866078 B CN 103866078B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001569 aluminium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides the prereduction of a kind of high-iron bauxite shaft furnace and melt a point method for comprehensive utilization, described method comprises: high-iron bauxite is made high-iron bauxite hot wafering, again high-iron bauxite hot wafering, lump coal or blue charcoal are loaded from vertical furnace Top slice, jetting from shaft furnace middle and lower part reduction section, temperature is 800 ~ 1200 DEG C, oxygen enrichment percentage is the oxygen-enriched hot air of 0.5% ~ 3.0%, carries out prereduction 3 ~ 6 hours; Then load in electric furnace 400 ~ 600 DEG C of temperature bottom discharges, more than 1600 DEG C, at temperature, to carry out molten point, obtain vanadium-bearing hot metal and calcium aluminate slag; Vanadium-bearing hot metal is carried out converter and blows vanadium smelting, obtain vanadium slag and iron and steel or steel ingot; Control electric furnace melts a point speed of cooling for rear calcium aluminate slag and is no more than 6 DEG C/min, when after its cool to room temperature, can obtain the multiple products such as gallium concentrate, aluminium sesquioxide through secondary treatment.Adaptability to raw materials of the present invention is strong, production efficiency is high, does not use coke, and production cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Metallurgical resources technical field of comprehensive utilization, be specifically related to the prereduction of a kind of high-iron bauxite shaft furnace and melt a point method for comprehensive utilization.
Background technology
In recent years, economic fast development has promoted growing continuously and fast of China's Iron And Steel Industry, and iron ore resource disparities between supply and demand become increasingly conspicuous.And China's iron ore rich ore is few, lean ore is many, the iron ore deposit of high-quality and Yi Xuan is fewer and feweri, domestic Iron And Steel Industry has to more dependence on import iron ore to meet the demand of large-scale industrial production, to 2012, China more than 60%, adds iron ore price continuous rise year after year to the dependency degree of imported Fe ore, and this brings major hidden danger to the safety of China's Iron And Steel Industry and even whole national economy.Therefore, in the urgent need to the iron-stone resource relying on technical progress to develop the choosing of low-grade complex difficulty to greatest extent, to ensure the sustainable and stable development of domestic Iron And Steel Industry.Meanwhile, the import volume of China's bauxite resource mineral products is also increasing year by year in recent years, the import volume of bauxite in 2012 has reached 3,961 ten thousand tons, account for the over half of China's bauxite industrial consumption amount, according to relevant estimation, bauxite resource may become China's Mineral resources next under one's control.
There is a kind of high-iron bauxite in areas such as the Zhangpu, Fujian of China, Penglai, Hainan Province, Taiwan great Tun Shan and Guigangs, Guangxi, being the mutual embedding cloth of a kind of iron aluminium mineral, unmanageable complicated iron aluminium mineral intergrowth, is a kind of important iron ore of China and bauxite resource.According to the data analysis of geology department, its national prospective reserves is more than 1,500,000,000 tons, and only the domestic reserves in Guangxi are just more than 2.0 hundred million tons.For the high-iron bauxite that Guangxi is domestic, this high-iron bauxite is distributed widely in Central Guangxi Nanning to Yulin one Dai Shiyuge counties and cities, and Relatively centralized in Guigang, Binyang, Heng County and neighbouring area, mineralising area is large, and ore body distributes in groups, and reserves are very abundant.Ore body is made up of red clay and bauxite, and mine-containing amount is generally 550 ~ 1500kg/m
3, orebody thickness 1.2 ~ 6.8m, bury shallow, topsoil is generally 0.5 ~ 1.5m, and most ore directly exposes earth's surface, can realize strip mining transformation.
Ore chemistry composition analysis shows, this high-iron bauxite A1
2o
3content is 22% ~ 37%, average content 27%; Fe
2o
3content is 35% ~ 48%, average content 40%; SiO
2content 4% ~ 13%, average content 9%, is the mineral wealth of utility value.Can find out that from its composition this bauxite belongs to high ferro high-silicon type bauxite, wherein Fe
2o
3and Al
2o
3content all do not reach respective industrial grade requirement.Therefore, can not be simple produce Al by traditional method
2o
3or metallic iron product.Meanwhile, the useful component gallium, vanadium etc. of association in high-iron bauxite, wherein gallium content 0.068% ~ 0.081%, V
2o
5content 0.10% ~ 0.16% is all the resources having important utility value.Therefore, the utilization of high-iron bauxite should be conceived to the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization that it has valency constituent element.
Both at home and abroad carry out for many years for the comprehensive utilizating research of high-iron bauxite.The essence be separated according to its iron aluminium can be divided into: aluminium method after iron processes, first iron after iron aluminium separating method, first aluminium.
Iron aluminium separating method, due to the embedding cloth gummed of Iron In Iron-rich Containing Bauxite aluminium, symbiosis closely, is thus difficult to realize iron aluminium by General Physics beneficiation method and is separated; After first aluminium, iron processes is also called the rear smelting method of first leaching, is first leached by the aluminium stone being easy to leach in ore, then is smelted by rich iron red mud, but the method not only Al
2o
3leaching yield is low, and alkaline consumption is high, simultaneously the adding and remain and bring certain difficulty to the blast furnace ironmaking of iron ore of alkali, and after first aluminium, iron not can solve the exploitation problem of high-iron bauxite.
After first iron, aluminium method mainly refers to fire concentrate iron and aluminium, wherein, and the sintering-blast-furnace smelting flow process of the most typically Northeastern University's exploitation.It can realize the recovery rate of iron aluminium more than 90%, and likely realize large-scale industrial production, but its main drawback is high-iron bauxite sintering difficulty, the reductibility of high-iron bauxite agglomerate is poor simultaneously, and this blast furnace smelting process heavy dependence coke (coke ratio is not less than 1.3 tons).Therefore, up to the present, these high-iron bauxite research and utilization techniques are showed no industrial applications and enforcement.So current high-iron bauxite is this has the compound Mineral resources of valency constituent element still to fail effectively to be developed containing iron, aluminium, vanadium, gallium etc.
In recent years, the iron ore of China and not only sharply increasing of bauxite import volume, and also price goes up year by year, consumes most of profit of metallurgy industry.How effective exploitation utilizes high-iron bauxite resource, alleviates the worsening shortages situation of China's iron ore deposit and bauxite resource, has become an important problem.Therefore, develop a kind of new high-iron bauxite comprehensive utilization process, for China's Iron And Steel Industry and aluminum i ndustry, all there is important strategic importance.
Summary of the invention
For above problem, the invention provides the prereduction of a kind of high-iron bauxite shaft furnace and melt a point method for comprehensive utilization, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) by high-iron bauxite, the pulverized bituminous coal after pulverizing, flux is in mass in 100:(40 ~ 65): the ratio of (40 ~ 65) is prepared burden, then fully mix, add the step such as hot wafering, thermal treatment, obtain high-iron bauxite hot wafering, wherein, high-iron bauxite granularity after pulverizing is not more than 0.15mm, full iron TFe content is not less than 30%, Al
2o
3content is not less than 20%; Pulverized bituminous coal fixed carbon content is not less than 50%, and volatile content is not higher than 35%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and plastometer indice is not less than 8, and granularity is not less than 0.15mm; The effective flux component of flux is not less than 70%, and granularity is not more than 0.15mm; High-iron bauxite hot wafering hot pressing temperature is not higher than 500 DEG C, and heat treatment mode is that airtight heat is vexed, and the high-iron bauxite hot wafering ultimate compression strength of preparation is not less than 800N/, and particle size range is 20 ~ 30mm, after heat treatment volatile matter V
dacontent is not higher than 1.8%, and ultimate compression strength is not less than 1200N/, and reduction swellability index RSI is not more than 15%, and joining carbon ratio (FC/O) is 1.5 ~ 3.0, and dual alkalinity is 3.5 ~ 4.0; The thermal source mixing heating in hot wafering preparation process comes from the Low Temperature Thermal gas-fired that heat treatment process discharges.
(2) high-iron bauxite hot wafering, lump coal or blue charcoal are loaded from vertical furnace Top slice, jetting from shaft furnace middle and lower part reduction section, temperature is 800 ~ 1200 DEG C, oxygen enrichment percentage is the oxygen-enriched hot air of 0.5% ~ 3.0%, carry out prereduction to high-iron bauxite hot wafering, pre-reduction time is 3 ~ 6 hours; Lump coal mentioned here requires that its burst temperature is not less than 600 DEG C, and ash oontent is not higher than 15%, and carbon content is not less than 75%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and moisture content is not higher than 10%; The fixed carbon content of blue charcoal is not less than 82%, and volatile matter is not higher than 4%, and ash content is not higher than 6%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and moisture content is not higher than 10%, and the particle size range of lump coal and blue charcoal is 15 ~ 25mm; Oxygen-enriched hot air adopts shaft furnace furnace roof gas-fired preheating.
(3) high-iron bauxite hot wafering becomes high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron after prereduction, and its degree of metalization is not less than 90%, and hot wafering iron is discharged by bottom shaft furnace, and drop temperature is 400 ~ 600 DEG C.
() carries out molten point of electric furnace to the high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron after coming out of the stove, and obtains vanadium-bearing hot metal and calcium aluminate slag; Wherein, molten point atmosphere is neutral or reducing atmosphere, a molten point temperature is not less than 1600 DEG C, vanadium-bearing hot metal temperature is not less than 1400 DEG C, calcium aluminate slag temperature is not less than 1450 DEG C, and molten iron main chemical compositions is: Fe is 94.53% ~ 95.44%, Si is 0.24% ~ 0.56%, C is 2.93% ~ 4.08%, V is 0.16% ~ 0.23%; Slag main chemical compositions is: CaO is 49% ~ 54%, SiO
2be 12% ~ 15%, Al
2o
3be 28% ~ 32%, MgO be 2% ~ 4%, other are 1% ~ 4%, calcium aluminate slag dual alkalinity ω (CaO)/ω (SiO
2) be 3.8 ~ 4.0.
(5) vanadium-bearing hot metal is carried out converter and blow vanadium smelting, obtain vanadium slag and iron and steel or steel ingot, wherein enter converter vanadium-bearing hot metal temperature and be not less than 1300 DEG C.
(6) control electric furnace to melt point after the speed of cooling of calcium aluminate slag be no more than 6 DEG C/min, when after its cool to room temperature, process through secondary leaching, desiliconization, manufacture of cement, carbonation decomposition, calcining etc. and can obtain the products such as cement, gallium concentrate, aluminium sesquioxide.
The fixed carbon content of the pulverized bituminous coal used in described method is not less than 50%, and volatile content is not higher than 35%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and plastometer indice is not less than 8, and granularity is not less than 0.15mm; Effective flux component of flux is not less than 70%, and granularity is not more than 0.15mm.
The lump coal used in described method requires that its burst temperature is not less than 600 DEG C, and ash oontent is not higher than 15%, and carbon content is not less than 75%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and moisture content is not higher than 10%; The fixed carbon content of the blue charcoal used in described method is not less than 82%, and volatile matter is not higher than 4%, and ash content is not higher than 6%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and moisture content is not higher than 10%, and the particle size range of lump coal and blue charcoal is 15 ~ 25mm.
Solvent used in the above-mentioned methods is for containing CaO, CaF
2, MgO, Li
2cO
3etc. a kind of flux in multiple flux.
The advantage of this invention is: adopt high-iron bauxite hot wafering can process the high-iron bauxite of any grade, hot wafering adopts bituminous coal as reductive agent and binding agent simultaneously, hot pressing temperature is about 500 DEG C, and energy consumption is low and carbon containing hot wafering rate of reduction fast, and production efficiency is high.Compared with other iron-smelting raw materials, hot wafering has superior high temperature compression strength, can meet the service requirements of shaft furnace production completely, and shaft furnace belongs to the highest metallurgical reaction of thermodynamics utilising efficiency simultaneously, and the present invention need not use coke, oxygen-enriched hot air can the existing blast-furnace hot-air technology of grafting.Therefore, adaptability to raw materials of the present invention is strong, production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, do not use the features such as coke, cost are low, and industrial scale is large, contributes to the high-iron bauxite resource that China large-scale develops and utilizes rich reserves, has broad application prospects.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention can be more clear in the de-scription, but these embodiments are only exemplary, do not form any restriction to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Certain high-iron bauxite full iron TFe content is 34.68%, Al
2o
3content be 23.85%, its chemical composition lists in table 1.
The main chemical compositions of table 1 high-iron bauxite
By this high-iron bauxite breeze, flux and pulverized bituminous coal, in mass ratio for 100:43.6:54.5 prepares burden, then carry out mixing, heat, briquetting, the step such as thermal treatment, obtain the high-iron bauxite hot wafering after processing, in high-iron bauxite hot wafering, join carbon ratio (FC/O=2.0), dual alkalinity ω (CaO)/ω (SiO
2)=3.88, its main chemical compositions lists in table 2.
The main chemical compositions (FC/O=2.0, R=3.88) of high-iron bauxite hot wafering after table 2 thermal treatment
4412kg high-iron bauxite hot wafering, 100kg lump coal or blue charcoal after process is loaded from vertical furnace Top slice, from the reduction section winding-up 1935m of shaft furnace middle and lower part
3the oxygen-enriched hot air (oxygen enrichment percentage 0.5%) of 1200 DEG C, carry out shaft furnace prereduction, prereduction is after about 4.5 hours, can obtain degree of metalization reach 90% high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron 3407kg and temperature 300 DEG C, CO content be 33.62% stock gas 2894m
3, shaft furnace pre-reduction capacity usage ratio is 83.39%, and carbon element utilization ratio is 42.30%.
High-iron bauxite hot wafering iron, after molten point of electric furnace, can obtain 1000kg vanadium-bearing hot metal and 2407kg calcium aluminate slag.Vanadium smelting is blown in the further converter of vanadium-bearing hot metal can obtain about 13.09 ㎏ vanadium slags (vanadium slag containing Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 20%) and 1050 ㎏ steel ingots; Calcium aluminate slag is by controlled cooling model, and the process such as secondary leaching, desiliconization, manufacture of cement, carbonation decomposition, calcining can obtain the products such as about 47 ㎏ cement, 0.38 ㎏ gallium concentrate, 700 ㎏ aluminium sesquioxides.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the high-iron bauxite in embodiment 1, by this high-iron bauxite breeze, flux and pulverized bituminous coal, in mass ratio for 100:48:54.8 prepares burden, then carry out mixing, heat, briquetting, the step such as thermal treatment, obtain the high-iron bauxite hot wafering after processing, join carbon ratio (FC/O=2.2), dual alkalinity ω (CaO)/ω (SiO2)=3.81 in high-iron bauxite hot wafering, its main chemical compositions lists in table 3.
The main chemical compositions (FC/O=2.2, R=3.81) of high-iron bauxite hot wafering after table 3 thermal treatment
4493kg high-iron bauxite hot wafering, 50kg lump coal or blue charcoal after process is loaded from shaft furnace furnace roof, from the reduction section winding-up 2033m of shaft furnace middle and lower part
3the oxygen-enriched hot air (oxygen enrichment percentage 0.5%) of 1100 DEG C, carry out shaft furnace prereduction, prereduction is after about 5 hours, can obtain degree of metalization reach 90% high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron 3420kg and temperature 300 DEG C, CO content be 33.63% stock gas 3016m
3, shaft furnace pre-reduction capacity usage ratio is 82.92%, and carbon element utilization ratio is 41.84%.
High-iron bauxite hot wafering iron, after molten point of electric furnace, can obtain 1000kg vanadium-bearing hot metal and 2420kg calcium aluminate slag.Vanadium smelting is blown in the further converter of vanadium-bearing hot metal can obtain about 13.08 ㎏ vanadium slags (vanadium slag containing Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 20%) and steel ingot (1050 ㎏ steel ingot); Calcium aluminate slag is by controlled cooling model, and the process such as secondary leaching, desiliconization, manufacture of cement, carbonation decomposition, calcining can obtain the products such as about 47.5kg cement, 0.39kg gallium concentrate, 704kg aluminium sesquioxide.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the high-iron bauxite in embodiment 1, by this high-iron bauxite breeze, flux and pulverized bituminous coal, in mass ratio for 100:52.4:55 prepares burden, then carry out mixing, heat, briquetting, the step such as thermal treatment, obtain the high-iron bauxite hot wafering after processing, join carbon ratio (FC/O=2.4), dual alkalinity ω (CaO)/ω (SiO2)=3.74 in high-iron bauxite hot wafering, its main chemical compositions lists in table 4.
The main chemical compositions (FC/O=2.4, R=3.74) of high-iron bauxite hot wafering after table 4 thermal treatment
4574kg high-iron bauxite hot wafering after process is loaded from shaft furnace furnace roof, from the reduction section winding-up 2132m of shaft furnace middle and lower part
3the oxygen-enriched hot air (oxygen enrichment percentage 0.5%) of 1000 DEG C, carry out shaft furnace prereduction, prereduction is after about 5.5 hours, can obtain degree of metalization reach 90% high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron 3432kg and temperature 300 DEG C, CO content be 33.65% stock gas 3139m
3, shaft furnace pre-reduction capacity usage ratio is 82.64%, and carbon element utilization ratio is 41.40%.
High-iron bauxite hot wafering iron, after molten point of electric furnace, can obtain 1000kg vanadium-bearing hot metal and 3430kg calcium aluminate slag.Vanadium smelting is blown in the further converter of vanadium-bearing hot metal can obtain about 13.07 ㎏ vanadium slags (vanadium slag containing Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 20%) and steel ingot (1050kg steel ingot); Calcium aluminate slag is by controlled cooling model, and the process such as secondary leaching, desiliconization, manufacture of cement, carbonation decomposition, calcining can obtain the products such as about 48 ㎏ cement, 0.40 ㎏ gallium concentrate, 708 ㎏ aluminium sesquioxides.
Claims (4)
1. a point method for comprehensive utilization is melted in the prereduction of high-iron bauxite shaft furnace, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) by high-iron bauxite, the pulverized bituminous coal after pulverizing, flux is in mass in 100:(40 ~ 65): the ratio of (40 ~ 65) is prepared burden, then fully mix, add hot wafering, heat treatment step, obtain high-iron bauxite hot wafering, wherein, the granularity of the high-iron bauxite after pulverizing is not more than 0.15mm, full iron TFe content is not less than 30%, Al
2o
3content is not less than 20%; The hot pressing temperature of high-iron bauxite hot wafering is not higher than 500 DEG C, and heat treatment mode is that airtight heat is vexed, and the ultimate compression strength of the high-iron bauxite hot wafering of preparation is not less than 800N/, and particle size range is 20 ~ 30mm, after heat treatment volatile matter V
dacontent is not higher than 1.8%, and ultimate compression strength is not less than 1200N/, and reduction swellability index RSI is not more than 15%, and joining carbon ratio (FC/O) is 1.5 ~ 3.0, and dual alkalinity is 3.5 ~ 4.0;
(2) high-iron bauxite hot wafering, lump coal or blue charcoal are loaded from vertical furnace Top slice, jetting from shaft furnace middle and lower part reduction section, temperature is 800 ~ 1200 DEG C, oxygen enrichment percentage is the oxygen-enriched hot air of 0.5% ~ 3.0%, carry out prereduction to high-iron bauxite hot wafering, pre-reduction time is 3 ~ 6 hours;
(3) high-iron bauxite hot wafering is discharged by bottom shaft furnace after being reduced into high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron, and drop temperature is 400 ~ 600 DEG C;
(4) molten point of electric furnace is carried out to the high-iron bauxite hot wafering iron after coming out of the stove, obtain vanadium-bearing hot metal and calcium aluminate slag; Wherein, molten point atmosphere is neutral or reducing atmosphere, and a molten point temperature is not less than 1600 DEG C, and vanadium-bearing hot metal temperature is not less than 1400 DEG C, and calcium aluminate slag temperature is not less than 1450 DEG C, calcium aluminate slag dual alkalinity ω (CaO)/ω (SiO
2) be 3.8 ~ 4.0;
(5) vanadium-bearing hot metal is carried out converter and blow vanadium smelting, obtain vanadium slag and iron and steel or steel ingot, wherein enter converter vanadium-bearing hot metal temperature and be not less than 1300 DEG C;
(6) control the speed of cooling that electric furnace to melt point calcium aluminate slag afterwards and be no more than 6 DEG C/min, when after its cool to room temperature, cement, gallium concentrate, aluminium sesquioxide product can be obtained through secondary treatment.
2. a point method for comprehensive utilization is melted in high-iron bauxite shaft furnace according to claim 1 prereduction, it is characterized in that, the fixed carbon content of the pulverized bituminous coal used in described method is not less than 50%, volatile content is not higher than 35%, sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, plastometer indice is not less than 8, and granularity is not less than 0.15mm; Effective flux component of flux is not less than 70%, and granularity is not more than 0.15mm.
3. a point method for comprehensive utilization is melted in high-iron bauxite shaft furnace according to claim 1 prereduction, it is characterized in that, the lump coal used in described method requires that its burst temperature is not less than 600 DEG C, ash oontent is not higher than 15%, carbon content is not less than 75%, sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and moisture content is not higher than 10%; The fixed carbon content of the blue charcoal used in described method is not less than 82%, and volatile matter is not higher than 4%, and ash content is not higher than 6%, and sulphur content is not higher than 0.3%, and moisture content is not higher than 10%, and the particle size range of lump coal and blue charcoal is 15 ~ 25mm.
4. a point method for comprehensive utilization is melted in high-iron bauxite shaft furnace according to claim 1 prereduction, it is characterized in that, the flux used in described method is for containing CaO, CaF
2, MgO and Li
2cO
3in at least one flux.
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| GB1164701A (en) * | 1967-05-01 | 1969-09-17 | Ch Elektro Metall Kom | A Method of Producing Fused Alumina and a Furnace for Effecting Same |
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