CN103862046B - A kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103862046B CN103862046B CN201410093525.4A CN201410093525A CN103862046B CN 103862046 B CN103862046 B CN 103862046B CN 201410093525 A CN201410093525 A CN 201410093525A CN 103862046 B CN103862046 B CN 103862046B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter, comprise load coil, three-phase linear load coil and nozzle, three-phase linear load coil is arranged on immediately below load coil, the periphery of load coil is provided with support tube, the lower end of support tube connects nozzle, two terminations of load coil are connected on alternating source, three-phase linear load coil is arranged to three-phase four-wire system loop structure, and four terminations of three-phase linear load coil are connected on three-phase pulse alternating source.The levitation melting techniques that this electromagnetism modulation melting emitter adopts and LIM principle art are conventional electromagnetic induction technology in traditional industry, technical maturity, manufacturing cost and durability are better than the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) using high power laser, are more suitable for the application of traditional industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensionally shaped manufacturing technology, more particularly relate to a kind of fusion sediment manufacture fast in electromagnetism modulation melting emitter.
Background technology
In existing three-dimensionally shaped manufacturing technology, what be most widely used is selective laser sintering (SLS) and fused glass pellet (FDM).Wherein Selective Laser Sintering, be first by software the 3D mathematical model of part, " cut " and become several planes, which forms a lot of sections, after 3D model sheet, in a container, there is a platform that can decline, material roller is first allowed to be paved with one deck material powder to be sintered on its surface, it is very thin that these powder can do, then by powerful laser, pass through software control, the 3D chip formation data of the bottom are selected to start sintering, then platform moves down, material roller is on the basis sintering part, repave very thin layer of material powder and continue sintering, and so forth, until global formation.Its advantage is: the intensity of moulding material is very high, and alternate material is from metal to polystyrene etc., and scope widely.Shortcoming is: forming part is insufficient because of powder smelting sometimes, and form pore defect, required pulverulent material price is higher, and the use of material exists dust pollution question, and the high power laser used is expensive, durable not.Using fused glass pellet technology, be need the model sheet of 3D equally, but shaping principle is different.Fused glass pellet technology, exactly material high temperature melting is changed into liquid state, then squeeze out filament or spherical particle very little one by one by nozzle, these filaments or particle solidify immediately after ejection, form material object at solid space by by-line, permutation and combination successively.Its advantage is: material is mostly a material, and material cost is lower than pulverulent material, simple to operate, pollutes little, does not use laser.Shortcoming is: materials'use Resistant heating, and the moulding material of use is generally the not too high thermoplastic of fusing point, wax or artificial rubber etc., and moulding material is mainly nonmetal, and intensity is not high, is difficult to straight forming metal parts.Secondly stereolithography technology (SLA) etc. is also had.In these 3 D-printing molding fabrication techniques, only has selective laser sintering now, directly can realize the three-dimensionally shaped manufacture of metal parts, but because of the impact that pulverulent material preparation is difficult, cost is high that it uses, also only used in some Aero-Space and high-end manufacture field all the time, but can not popularization and application in traditional industry, limit the development of three-dimensionally shaped manufacturing technology, the work that rear removing excessive powder made by part simultaneously also brings adverse influence to workers ' health.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides one and not using dusty material and laser, and carry out the electromagnetism modulation melting emitter of the three-dimensionally shaped manufacture of metal with wire feedstock.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter, comprise load coil, three-phase linear load coil and nozzle, described load coil is arranged to shape small in ends broad in the middle, described three-phase linear load coil is arranged on immediately below load coil, the periphery of load coil is provided with support tube, the lower end of support tube connects described nozzle, the upper end of support tube is provided with anti-wearing liner, passage is fixed with in the lower end endoporus of anti-wearing liner, the lower end of passage extend in the hole of described load coil, two terminations of described load coil are connected on alternating source, and described three-phase linear load coil is arranged to three-phase four-wire system loop structure, and four terminations of three-phase linear load coil are connected on three-phase pulse alternating source.
In such scheme, in order to ensure material discord surrounding air generation chemical reaction when high temperature, thus ensure the stability of material composition, be provided with protective gas in the inner chamber of described support tube, the side of described support tube is provided with the external joint of protective gas.
In such scheme, in order to make by the rapid cooling curing of the material flowed out in nozzle, the sidewall of described nozzle is arranged to hollow structure, forms cooling chamber, the sidewall of nozzle is provided with the pipe joint of turnover cooling fluid.
In such scheme, enter in the hole of load coil to make to be melted the accurate continuous print of linear material, the top of described support tube is provided with wire feeder.
In such scheme, described load coil and three-phase linear load coil all adopt copper tube to make.
The beneficial effect of a kind of electromagnetism modulation of the present invention melting emitter is:
1, present invention achieves the application of fused glass pellet (FDM) technology on high-melting-point high hardness material.
2, use thread like material, draw materials than use dusty material easy, cheap, dust pollution is few, also saves the powder scale removal process after forming parts.
3, the levitation melting techniques adopted and LIM principle are conventional electromagnetic induction technology in traditional industry, technical maturity, manufacturing cost and durability are better than the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) using high power laser, are more suitable for the application of traditional industry.
4, material smelting in suspension in the device being connected with protective gas; smelting temperature can reach 2000 DEG C; extruded by nozzle lower limb after injection, roll, flatten and rapid cooling curing; coat is fine and close, does not produce impurity and pollution, can not to occurring remaining pore defect time powder sintered; accurately can control material composition; also can apply different materials respectively when shaping, form composite structure, improve the structural behaviour of part.
5, the Material Field that this device is applicable is extensive, comprise: active metal and alloy, superpure metal and alloy, solar-grade polysilicon, the sputtering target material of extra-pure grade, composition and the accurate alloy of organizational requirements, intermetallic compound, Metallic Functional Materials, noble metal and alloy thereof, the materials such as rare metal and alloy, semiconductor, artificial crystal, cermet.
6, the decline in the straight line alternating magnetic field that produces at three-phase coil of the liquid material of melting is moved and is controlled by 3D data pulse, realize with material behavior than being easier to select suitable melted material emission rate, the translational speed of workbench, thus the control overflow met to materials'use amount in coating procedure, add the applicability to complex three-dimensional shaping structures.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of electromagnetism of the present invention modulation melting emitter.
Fig. 2 is material molten injection schematic diagram in electromagnetism of the present invention modulation melting emitter.
In figure: 1, linear metal material, 2, wire feeder, 3, anti-wearing liner, 4, support tube, 5, load coil, 6, load coil pipe joint, 7, alternating source, 8, load coil pipe joint, 9, three-phase linear load coil, 10, titting water outlet, 11, nozzle, 12, forming part, 13, workbench, 14, admitting pipe joint, 15, three-phase linear load coil pipe joint, 16, three-phase pulse alternating source, 17, material melts ball, 18, the external joint of protective gas, 19, passage, 20, a coil, 21, b coil, 22, c coil, 23, droplet.
A, B, C, D are four process charts of material molten injection schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Modulate melting emitter below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment to electromagnetism of the present invention to be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of electromagnetism of the present invention modulation melting emitter, and Fig. 2 is material molten injection schematic diagram in electromagnetism of the present invention modulation melting emitter.In figure, this electromagnetism modulation melting emitter, comprise load coil 5, three-phase linear load coil 9 and nozzle 11, load coil 5 is arranged to shape small in ends broad in the middle, three-phase linear load coil 9 is arranged on immediately below load coil 5, the periphery of load coil 5 is provided with support tube 4, the lower end of support tube 4 connects nozzle 11, the upper end of support tube 4 is provided with anti-wearing liner 3, be fixed with passage 19 in the lower end endoporus of anti-wearing liner 3, the lower end of passage 19 extend in the hole of load coil 5; Two terminations of load coil 5 are connected on alternating source 7 by load coil pipe joint 6 and load coil pipe joint 8, three-phase linear load coil 9 is arranged to three-phase four-wire system loop structure, and four terminations of three-phase linear load coil 9 are connected on three-phase pulse alternating source 16 respectively by three-phase linear load coil pipe joint 15.In order to ensure material discord surrounding air generation chemical reaction when high temperature; thus ensure the stability of material composition; protective gas is provided with in the inner chamber of support tube 4; the side of support tube 4 is provided with the external joint 18 of protective gas; entering in the hole of load coil 5 to make to be melted the accurate continuous print of linear metal material 1, above support tube 4, being provided with wire feeder 2.In order to make by the rapid cooling curing of material flowed out in nozzle 11, the sidewall of nozzle 11 is arranged to hollow structure, forms cooling chamber, the sidewall of nozzle 11 is provided with admitting pipe joint 14 and the titting water outlet 10 of turnover cooling fluid.
First electromagnetism modulation melting emitter of the present invention utilizes the levitation melting techniques based on electromagnetic induction heating, after linear metal material 1 is sent into load coil 5 by wire feeder 2, alternating current is passed into load coil 5, load coil 5 surrounding can produce an alternating magnetic field, be placed in load coil 5 by the linear metal material 1 of heating, flux will through linear metal material 1, in the direction that linear metal material 1 is inner contrary with heating current, corresponding very large vortex flow just can be produced.Owing to there is resistance in linear metal material 1, so a lot of Joule heats can be produced, make the temperature of object self increase rapidly, thus reach the object of heating materials fusing.This eddy current also can produce magnetic field simultaneously, its direction is contrary with the magnetic direction that load coil 5 produces, thus produce a repulsive force, when the vertical stress component of this repulsive force is greater than material weight, just can the liquid material of melting be suspended in the air, form a up big and down small handstand water-drop-shaped and melt ball.
Then LIM principle is utilized, be coupled a three-phase linear load coil 9 below load coil 5, this three-phase linear load coil 9 passes into the alternating current that can be pulse modulation respectively, modulating pulse changes the size of alternating current according to 3D chip formation data, the field of magnetic forece that the straight line alternating magnetic field that three-phase linear load coil 9 is produced changes molten ball bottom is strong and weak, there is drip in the molten ball lower end of induction, molten drop is made to fall into three-phase linear alternating magnetic field, thus under drawing the control rate that droplet one by one modulates at three-phase pulse, be transmitted into the nozzle 11 of bottom, droplet pools stream by nozzle 11 under the effect of gravity and protective gas malleation, and extruded by nozzle lower limb, roll, flatten and rapid cooling curing, coating material is layering by the workbench 13 of motion and piles up the 3D stereo shaping part 12 required for being formed.
The operation principle of this electromagnetism modulation melting emitter is as follows: when line style metal material 1 enters load coil 5 by wire feeder 2 by anti-wearing liner 3, passage 19, first anti-wearing liner 3, passage 19 pairs of linear metal materials 1 have guiding function, avoid material to contact with load coil 5 and cause short circuit, then, the alternating current that alternating source 7 exports, by load coil pipe joint 6, load coil 5 and load coil pipe joint 8, forms alternating magnetic field around linear metal material 1.Linear metal material 1 inside by heat fused, and induces the induced field contrary with alternating magnetic field because of inductive loop, and two magnetic fields are repelled mutually.Load coil 5 turns to funnel shaped helix tube small in ends broad in the middle can strengthen this repulsion effect, and when repulsive force is enough large, the material of melting will suspend around discord and come in contact.
The infundibulate helix tube bottom outlet bore of the alternating current size that adjustment alternating source 7 exports and load coil 5, the bottom outlet notch portion of funnel is formed low-intensity magnetic field region, there is the phenomenon of leakage because can not get enough large repulsive force here in the material of fusing.
Then, under the control of computer 3D model data, change the electric current output of a coil 20 in three-phase pulse alternating source 16 pairs of three-phase linear load coils 9, b coil 21, c coil 22, realize the make and break process of material leakage:
A, allow three-phase pulse alternating source 16, by three-phase linear load coil pipe joint 15, to the alternating current that the input of a coil 20 of three-phase linear load coil 9 is identical with alternating source 7 frequency.A coil 20 produces the magnetic field identical with load coil 5, and two magnetic Field Couplings, enhance the magnetic field of hopper base orifice area, and the melted material phenomenon of leakage can not produce.
The alternating current of B, reduction a coil 20.And input alternating current to b coil 21, the magnetic field of hopper base orifice area is weakened because a coil 20 magnetic field reduces, and the material in funnel bleeds in a coil 20 from hopper base aperture, and is lifted by the magnetic field that b coil 21 produces, and hovers over the inside of a coil 20.
The alternating current of C, reduction b coil 21, and input alternating current to a coil 20, c coil 22.The magnetic field of hopper base orifice area strengthens because a coil 20 magnetic field increases, funnel stops leakage, and originally by the material droplet 23 that b coil 21 magnetic field is lifted, the b coil 21 that bleeds after b coil 21 field weakening was inner, and lifted by the magnetic field that c coil 22 produces, hover over the inside of b coil 21.
The alternating current of D, reduction a coil 20, c coil 22, and give b coil 21 coil input alternating current.The material droplet 23 hovering over b coil 21 inside can fall because of weakening under gravity of magnetic field of c coil 22, and a coil 20 magnetic field reduces the dropping process causing next material droplet 23.
After the process repeating above of going round and beginning again like this, the droplet 23 fallen one by one is flowed out by nozzle 11, completes the emission process of the warm emitting structural of electromagnetic welding of material.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when the method and technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement make a little change or modification, for the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case be the content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to any simple modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification, still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an electromagnetism modulation melting emitter, it is characterized in that: comprise load coil, three-phase linear load coil and nozzle, described load coil is arranged to shape small in ends broad in the middle, described three-phase linear load coil is arranged on immediately below described load coil, the periphery of load coil is provided with support tube, the lower end of support tube connects described nozzle, the upper end of support tube is provided with anti-wearing liner, be fixed with passage in the lower end endoporus of anti-wearing liner, the lower end of passage extend in the hole of described load coil; Two terminations of described load coil are connected on alternating source, and described three-phase linear load coil is arranged to three-phase four-wire system loop structure, and four terminations of three-phase linear load coil are connected on three-phase pulse alternating source.
2. a kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with protective gas in the inner chamber of described support tube, the side of described support tube is provided with the external joint of protective gas.
3. a kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sidewall of described nozzle is arranged to hollow structure, forms cooling chamber, the sidewall of nozzle is provided with the pipe joint of turnover cooling fluid.
4. a kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of described support tube is provided with wire feeder.
5. a kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described load coil and three-phase linear load coil all adopt copper tube to make.
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| CN201410093525.4A CN103862046B (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2014-03-14 | A kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter |
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| CN201410093525.4A CN103862046B (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2014-03-14 | A kind of electromagnetism modulation melting emitter |
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| CN103862046B true CN103862046B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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