CN103857020A - Information transmission method based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an information transmission method and device based on a wireless sensor network. The information transmission method and device are used for solving the problem that because in the prior art, energy consumption of relay nodes is large, information transmission accuracy is poor. The method includes the steps that a source node determines the number n of data packets to be sent and the number m of usable relay nodes, and n is smaller than or equal to m; n relay nodes with the smallest energy consumption values of transmission paths are selected from the m determined relay nodes by the source node according to the distances and the signal-to-noise ratios of the transmission paths corresponding to all the relay nodes; the n data packets to be sent are sent to destination nodes by the source node through the transmission paths corresponding to the n relay nodes. According to the method, the relay nodes are added between the source nodes and the destination nodes, information is transmitted through multiple paths, the information transmission efficiency is improved, and the energy of the source node and the destination nodes is saved.

Description

A kind of information transferring method based on wireless sensor network

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communications field, relate in particular to a kind of information transferring method and device based on wireless sensor network.

Background technology

WSN(Wireless Sensor Network, wireless sensor network) be the wireless network being formed in the mode of self-organizing and multi-hop by a large amount of static or mobile transducers.Each transducer in wireless network cooperates mutually, covers the monitoring information of perceptive object in geographic area with perception, collection, processing and transmission network, and these monitoring informations are sent to user by a large amount of sensor nodes.

The energy of WSN node power is finite value, and the communication capacity of WSN node and disposal ability be subject to the impact of node power energy, and, along with the decline of WSN node power energy, the error rate of information receiving end increases, and communication conditions can variation.In order to make receiving terminal obtain more accurate information, often need to dispose in area to be monitored thousands of the neighbor nodes that node density is very large, make each node contain a large amount of neighbor nodes around.In WSN, be sent to destination node and realize the transmission of information through multi-hop by source node.In traditional network, often use the method for single-pathway transmitting data information, for example, in some network configurations, node with bunch form distribute, as shown in Figure 1, in this bunch, select a node as management node, this management node is known as leader cluster node, gathering, forwarding and the information of other bunches is received for bunch internal information.For above-mentioned network configuration, the transmission of all information, all take leader cluster node as via node, realizes the transmission of information between leader cluster node by single-hop mode, causes leader cluster node burden heavier, easily loses efficacy because of a large amount of consumption of energy.In majority of network, also exist source node transmission path between destination node single, only, in a large amount of neighbor node of source node, select a node to complete the communication between source node and destination node as via node.Consult shown in Fig. 2, information transmission path between source node s and destination node t is s, be that communication between source node s and destination node t is multi-hop transmission, and transmission path is only one, the energy consumption of the via node in this transmission path is larger, in the time of the energy approach exhaustion of via node, can cause the mistake of communication.

In sum, in the message transmitting procedure of wireless sensor network, exist part via node energy to consume excessive, cause the problem of communication poor accuracy.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of information transferring method and device of wireless sensor network, exists the consumption of part via node energy excessive in order to solve in prior art, causes the problem of communication poor accuracy.

The concrete technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is as follows:

Based on an information transferring method for wireless sensor network, comprising:

Source node is determined number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m;

Source node, respectively according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, is selected n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path;

Source node mails to destination node by transmission path corresponding to a described n via node respectively by a n to be sent packet.

Based on an information transferring method for wireless sensor network, comprising:

N the packet that destination node sends according to the method described above by n relatively minimum via node reception sources node of the energy consumption values of transmission path in m via node.

Based on an information carrying means for wireless sensor network, comprising:

Statistical module, for determining number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m;

Computing module, according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, selects n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path for respectively;

Sending module, for mailing to destination node by transmission path corresponding to a described n via node respectively by a n to be sent packet.

Based on an information carrying means for wireless sensor network, comprising:

Receiver module, n the packet sending according to the method described above for n relatively minimum via node reception sources node of the energy consumption values by m via node transmission path.

In the embodiment of the present invention, determine number of data packets n to be sent by source node, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m; Source node, respectively according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, is selected n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path; Source node mails to a n to be sent packet respectively the method for destination node by n transmission path corresponding to via node, between source node and destination node, increase via node, multi-path transmission information, has improved the efficiency of communication, has saved the energy of source node and destination node.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the transmission means schematic diagram of information in Cluster Networks in prior art;

Fig. 2 is the transmission means schematic diagram of information in wireless sensor network in prior art;

Fig. 3 is the information carrying means based on wireless sensor network in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the information transmission process figure based on wireless sensor network in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 be in the embodiment of the present invention in wireless sensor network three paths realize communication schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 be in the embodiment of the present invention in wireless sensor network n paths realize communication schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is the flow chart that calculates minimal energy consumption transmission path in the embodiment of the present invention in transmission path corresponding to m via node.

Embodiment

To exist the consumption of part via node energy excessive in order solving in prior art, to cause the problem of communication poor accuracy, in the embodiment of the present invention, determine number of data packets n to be sent by source node, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m; Source node, respectively according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, is selected n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path; The transmission path that above-mentioned each via node is corresponding be by source node through via node the path to destination node; Source node mails to a n to be sent packet respectively the method for destination node by n transmission path corresponding to via node, between source node and destination node, increase via node, multi-path transmission information, has improved the efficiency of communication, has saved the energy of source node and destination node.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.

Consult shown in Fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the information carrying means based on wireless sensor network comprises statistical module 31, computing module 32, and sending module 33, receiver module 34, wherein,

Statistical module 31, for determining number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m;

Computing module 32, according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, selects n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path for respectively;

Sending module 33, for mailing to destination node by transmission path corresponding to a said n via node respectively by a n to be sent packet;

Receiver module 34, n the packet sending according to the method described above by n relatively minimum via node reception sources node of the energy consumption values of m via node transmission path for destination node.

Based on technique scheme, to consult shown in Fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the detailed process of the communication based on wireless sensor network is as follows:

Step 400: source node is determined number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m.

Consult and Figure 5 shows that working as via node is 3, the schematic diagram of communication while having 3 by source node to the transmission path of destination node.If source node neighbor node around has three, these three neighbor nodes can be used as via node, and source node utilizes three transmission paths of above-mentioned 3 via nodes composition to carry out communication.In the prior art, above-mentioned communication is coding techniques Network Based: the source node S in Fig. 5 is sent to one of them node (1) through multi-hop by information, by multipath to communication to node (5), information is sent to destination node t by node (5) through multi-hop.Now only study the communication between node (1) and node (5).Node (1) is considered as to source node, node (2), (3), (4) are considered as via node, node (5) is considered as destination node, now the entrained information A of node (1) is sent to node (2) and node (3), upper to node (2) and node (3) information is carried out to mould 2 and add the information B obtaining after computing (XOR) in logic and be sent to node (4).Destination node (5) receives after above-mentioned information, node (3) and node (4) institute transmission information are decoded, like this, even serious decay appears in information in the transmission path of node (2), node (3) or node (4) correspondence, destination node (5) also can rely on other two-way information analysis and go out the information that institute's source node (1) sends.

Due in wireless sensor network, a large amount of neighbor nodes of surrounding's existence of source node, destination node or leader cluster node, therefore, in wireless sensor network, the number of via node is not limited to 3.Based on above-mentioned 3 via node transmission information processes, when above-mentioned via node number is not limited to 3, while carrying out transfer of data by source node, when corresponding information transmission path is not only 3, source node is determined number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, 2≤n≤m, source node adopts broadcast mode to send packet to m node.The n being broadcasted by source node the packet that any one via node receives is:

$\begin{array}{c}{P}_1:\{x_1\left(0\right),...,x_1(N-1)\}\\ P_2:\{x_2\left(0\right),...,x_2(N-1)\}\\ .\\ .\\ .\\ P_n:\{x_n\left(0\right),...,x_n(N-1)\}\end{array}$

Wherein, the element number of N for comprising in packet.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in m via node, it (is the P in above formula that each via node all receives n data of source node transmission _n), each via node can adopt coding vector separately respectively the n a receiving packet to be encoded and generated after corresponding packets of information, is forwarded to destination node.

Step 410: source node is respectively according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node,, in definite m via node, select n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path.

Be specially:

Adopt linear network encoding, via node i(1≤i≤m) n a receiving information is combined, obtains the packets of information shown in following formula and sends to next-hop node:

$P_i^{\′}:\left\{\begin{array}{c}{y}_i\left(0\right)=g_{i,1}{x}_1\left(0\right)+g_{i,2}{x}_2\left(0\right)+...+g_{i,n}{x}_n\left(0\right),\\ .\\ .\\ .,\\ y_i(N-1)=g_{i,1}{x}_1(N-1)+g_{i,2}{x}_2(N-1)+...+g_{i,n}{x}_n(N-1)\end{array}\right\}$

Wherein, { g _{i, 1}, g _{i, 2}..., g _i,nbe the coding vector of via node i, coding vector is taken from definite territory.Through above-mentioned cataloged procedure, owing to there is m via node, therefore there is m coding vector, linear independence between n the coding vector of choosing arbitrarily from m coding vector.Like this, can make not have interference problem between the packets of information after each via node coding.

, between two nodes, carry out in message transmitting procedure certain in the situation that at each node hardware parameter and communication channel parameter, the relation between energy consumption and the node of node is relevant, can be written as:

f=β(S/N) _id ²

Wherein, β is the proportionality constant under specific transmission medium (as air); S/N is signal power to noise power ratio; D is two internodal distances.

Based on above-mentioned theory, according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node of m, calculate the energy consumption values of the transmission path that m via node is corresponding; The transmission path that above-mentioned each via node is corresponding be by source node through via node the path to destination node.Can adopt the energy consumption values of the transmission path that m via node of following formula calculating is corresponding:

$f=\mathrm{\&beta;}{(S/N)}_{\mathrm{im}}\underset{1\&le;k\&le;m}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="max"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">max</figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d\; k"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_k^{}+\left(\mathrm{\&beta;}{(S/N)}_i\underset{1\&le;k\&le;m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{e}_k^2\right)/n$

Wherein, β is the proportionality constant under specific transmission medium (as air); S/N is signal power to noise power ratio; M is the number of via node; N by the number of transmission packet; d _cfor the distance between source node and destination node, for source node is to the distance of via node k, e _kfor via node is to the distance of destination node.

Hence one can see that, and for individual paths communication and three paths communications, the energy of its unit of transfer's bit consumption is respectively:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_1=\mathrm{\&beta;}{(S/N)}_{i1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d\; c"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_c^{}$

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_2=\mathrm{\&beta;}{(S/N)}_{\mathrm{im}}\max \{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_1^2,{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_2^2,{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_3^2\}+\left(\mathrm{\&beta;}{(S/N)}_{i2}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="e"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}_1^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="e"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png,HDA00002519388500032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}_2^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="e"\; filenames="HDA00002519388500012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}_3^2)\right)/2$

The main purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to find in message transmitting procedure, and energy consumes minimum many transmission paths, selects via node should meet the corresponding transmission path unit of above-mentioned via node bit information, and energy consumes minimum.For an above-mentioned m via node, the multipath communication schematic diagram of n packet is consulted shown in Fig. 6, and in technical solution of the present invention, the close process of via node of the condition of stating of selector is as follows, consults shown in Fig. 7:

A1: by d _kafter maximum via node is removed, calculate the energy consumption values f1 of the transmission path that residue via node is corresponding.

A2: by e _kafter maximum via node is removed, calculate the energy consumption values f2 of the transmission path that residue via node is corresponding.

Have the energy consumption values formula of the transmission path that via node is corresponding known, this energy consumption values depends on the distance between via node and source node, and distance between via node and destination node.Therefore, will remove d _kand e _kmaximum situation, calculates respectively.

A3: the relatively size of f1 and f2.

A4: if f1>f2 removes d from m via node _kmaximum via node.

A5: if f1 < is f2, remove e from m via node _kmaximum via node.

A6: remove energy and consume maximum via node in m via node, make m=m-1.

A7: repeated execution of steps a1 to a6, until finally determine n the via node that energy consumption values is relatively minimum.

Step 420: source node mails to destination node by transmission path corresponding to a said n via node respectively by a n to be sent packet.

Destination node receives n the packet through the coding vector processing of corresponding via node by each via node respectively.

Make p _e, p _sthe error sign ratio that represents respectively trunk channel in the error rate of destination node and multipath scheme, above-mentioned two parameters need meet following formula:

$p_e=1-C_m^n{(1-p_s)}^n{p_s}^{m-n}-C_m^{n+1}{(1-p_s)}^{n+1}{p_s}^{m-n-1}-...{-C}_m^m{(1-p_s)}^m$

Suppose that linear network encoding determines that the size in territory is 2 ⁸, trunk channel error sign ratio p _swith error rate p _bpass be:

1-(1-p _b) ⁸=p _s

Above-mentioned trunk channel error sign ratio refers to the error sign ratio of via node to channel between destination node.

The packets of information that destination node receives respectively each via node transmission (is the P ' that each via node sends _i), and judge the error rate of the packets of information that all via nodes send by error detecting method, in the time judging this error rate lower than setting threshold value, judge when destination node can correctly go out n packet from receive all packets of information, to receive with all packets of information decode, to obtain a required n packet.Above-mentioned error check method does not specifically limit, and can use at present all mistake error correction methods, use which kind of method on the present invention without impact, it is applied to the link layer of agreement, common as cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

Destination node receives above-mentioned meeting after the packets of information of the error rate lower than threshold value, and it is decoded, and obtains n the packet that source node sends.

Through simulation results show, adopt technical solution of the present invention, the wireless sensor network that performance requirement is higher, m(m>3) individual via node is that m transmission paths is compared to wall scroll transmission path and three transmission paths, m transmission paths is saved energy more, be that transmission path is more, more save node energy.

In sum, in the embodiment of the present invention, source node is determined number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m; Source node, respectively according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, is selected n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path; Source node mails to destination node by packet to be sent by transmission path corresponding to a said n via node.Utilize technical solution of the present invention, between source node and destination node, increase via node, multi-path transmission information, has improved the efficiency of communication, has saved the energy of source node and destination node.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention.Like this, if within of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs to the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (8)

1. the information transferring method based on wireless sensor network, is characterized in that, comprising:

Source node is determined number of data packets n to be sent, and the number m of spendable via node, n≤m;

Source node, respectively according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, in definite m via node, is selected n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path;

Source node mails to destination node by transmission path corresponding to a described n via node respectively by a n to be sent packet.

2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, source node, according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node, is selected n the relatively minimum via node of energy consumption values of transmission path, comprising:

A, according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node of m, calculate the energy consumption values of the transmission path that m via node is corresponding;

B, according to result of calculation, in m via node, remove energy and consume maximum via node, make m=m-1;

C, repeated execution of steps A and B, until finally determine n the via node that energy consumption values is relatively minimum.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, according to distance and the signal to noise ratio of transmission path corresponding to each via node of m, calculates the energy consumption values of the transmission path that m via node is corresponding;

Adopt formula $f=\mathrm{\&beta;}{(S/N)}_{\mathrm{im}}\underset{1\&le;k\&le;m}{\max }{d}_k^2+\left({\stackrel{}{}(S/N)}_i\underset{1\&le;k\&le;m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}{e}_k^2\right)/n$ Calculate the energy consumption values of the transmission path that m via node is corresponding; Wherein, β is the proportionality constant under specific transmission medium; S/N is signal power to noise power ratio; M is the number of via node; N by the number of transmission packet; d _cfor the distance between source node and destination node, for source node is to the distance of via node k, e _kfor via node is to the distance of destination node.

4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, removes energy and consume maximum via node in m via node, comprising:

By d _kafter maximum via node is removed, calculate the energy consumption values f1 of the transmission path that residue via node is corresponding;

By e _kafter maximum via node is removed, calculate the energy consumption values f2 of the transmission path that residue via node is corresponding;

The relatively size of f1 and f2, if f1>f2 removes d from m via node _kmaximum via node if f1 < is f2, is removed e from m via node _kmaximum via node.

5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, source node mails to destination node by packet to be sent by transmission path corresponding to a described n via node, comprising:

A n to be sent packet is sent to respectively each via node by source node, adopts coding vector separately respectively the n a receiving packet to be encoded and generated after corresponding packets of information by each via node, is forwarded to destination node.

6. the information transferring method based on wireless sensor network, is characterized in that, comprising:

N the packet that destination node sends according to claim 1 by n relatively minimum via node reception sources node of the energy consumption values of transmission path in m via node.

7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, specifically comprises:

Destination node receives the packets of information through the coding vector processing of corresponding via node by each via node in a described n via node respectively, and decoding obtains a required n packet from all packets of information that receive.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, destination node is resolved and obtained a required n packet from all packets of information that receive, and comprising:

Destination node receives respectively the packets of information that each via node sends, judge the error rate of all packets of information that receive by error detecting method, and in definite described error rate lower than setting when threshold value, the all packets of information that receive are decoded, n the packet sending to obtain source node.

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