CN103856313A - Reference Signal Design for Massive MIMO Communication - Google Patents

Reference Signal Design for Massive MIMO Communication Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103856313A
CN103856313A CN201310653325.5A CN201310653325A CN103856313A CN 103856313 A CN103856313 A CN 103856313A CN 201310653325 A CN201310653325 A CN 201310653325A CN 103856313 A CN103856313 A CN 103856313A
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reference symbol
symbol
antenna
reference signal
frequency
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CN103856313B (en
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卢埃·贾卢勒
阿明·莫巴舍尔
西里吉·阿里亚夫斯塔库尔
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Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Ltd
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Zyray Wireless Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0684—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using different training sequences per antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0671—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different delays between antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/068—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using space frequency diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0682—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using phase diversity (e.g. phase sweeping)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for extending a reference signal pattern to define additional reference signals using a phase division multiplexing (PDM) technique. The reference signal pattern can be a predefined reference signal pattern in a wireless communication standard and can be extended to support massive MIMO communication.

Description

For the reference signal design of extensive MIMO communication
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the U.S. Provisional Patent Application the 61/734th of submitting on December 6th, 2012, the rights and interests of No. 214, and it is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
The application relates generally to reference signal design, and more specifically, relates to the reference signal design for multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communication.
Background technology
Multi-antenna technology is used for communication system to improve performance.These technology rely on many antennas at reflector and/or receiver place and can be divided into three different classification: diversity (diversity), interference suppress and spatial reuse.This three major types is referred to as MIMO communication conventionally, even if be not that the multi-antenna technology that belongs to this three major types all at least requires two antennas at reflector and receiver two places.
For the particular instance of multi-antenna technology is provided, the signal of launching in radio channel is as everyone knows destroyed due to time diffusion (time dispersion).In the time that being sent to receiver with different delays by radio channel via multiple paths that independently decline, the signal of transmitting there will be time diffusion.As shown in FIG. 1, the non-flat forms channel response 102 in the corresponding frequency domain of this time spread channels.
In this case, the signal of transmitting uses relative bandwidth carrier 104, and each symbol that signal carries will high-quality in the frequency of time spread channels (high signal intensity) and inferiorly transmitted (low signal intensity).Therefore, that is to say that these symbols can experience frequency diversity.On the other hand, use relative narrowband carrier 106 at the signal of transmitting, such as in OFDM (OFDM) transmission, use those, each symbol that signal carries will experience relatively less frequency diversity.Therefore, symbol can be confined to only (low signal intensity) transmission inferiorly in the frequency of time spread channels, causes the error performance at receiver place poor.
The multi-antenna technology of diversity can be for improving performance in this case.For example, at least one application, diversity refers to the different decline that the signal of the transmission antennas transmit separating from space experiences.Can utilize awane diversity to create artificial frequency diversity by relatively lingeringly launching identical narrowband carrier 106 from multiple transmit antennas difference.Importantly, need to estimate that at receiver place radio channel to utilize the artificial frequency diversity of creating in the time that the symbol that narrowband carrier 106 is carried is decoded.Especially, receiver need to be estimated radio channel and apply its inverse response (inverse response) to utilize the artificial frequency diversity of creating in the time that the symbol that narrowband carrier 106 is carried is decoded.
Generally speaking, a lot of technology that belong in above-mentioned three classification multi-antenna technology of (, diversity, interference suppress and spatial reuse) all need to carry out channel estimating to improve performance.According to the specific multi-antenna technology of realizing, may be required in receiver and/or reflector place and require channel estimating.Conventionally use the method based on cultivating (training) to carry out channel estimating, the known symbol that is wherein called reference symbol or pilot tone (pilot) symbol is transmitted to receiver to help it to carry out channel estimating.In the time there is multiple transmit antennas, the signal that reception antenna receives is the stack from the signal of each transmission antennas transmit.Thereby, conventionally need to be transmitted as from the reference symbol of each multiple transmit antennas transmitting that make himself can be not interfering with each other to estimate exactly channel.
Fig. 2 shows and uses different multiplex techniques to prevent from the interference between the reference symbol of multiple transmit antennas transmitting to can carry out three example reference signal modes 200 of channel estimating accurately.Three example reference signal modes 200 use respectively Time Division Multiplexing technology, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technology and code division multiplexing (CDM) technology.
Use TDM technology, reference symbol is once transmitted from a transmitting antenna in identical frequency.The example reference signal mode 202 of two transmitting antennas that use TDM technology is shown at the top of Fig. 2.During the first symbol period t1, top-emission antenna is transmitted-reference symbol in frequency f 2, and bottom emission antenna in frequency f 2, what does not all have transmitting.During second symbol period t2, take turns to bottom emission antenna transmitted-reference symbol in frequency f 2, and top-emission antenna in frequency f 2, what is not launched.Because the time of reference symbol in frequency f 2 is respectively from one of two transmission antennas transmit, reference symbol is orthogonal and do not disturb each other in time domain.
Use FDM technology, the identical time but in different frequencies from transmission antennas transmit reference symbol.The example reference signal mode 204 of the use FDM technology of two transmitting antennas is shown at the middle part of Fig. 2.During symbol period t1, top-emission antenna transmitted-reference symbol but do not launch in frequency f 2 in frequency f 3, and bottom emission antenna transmitted-reference symbol but do not launch in frequency f 3 in frequency f 2.Because during identical symbol period t1 reference symbol in different frequencies respectively by two transmission antennas transmit, so orthogonal and do not disturb each other on reference symbol frequency domain.
Finally, use CDM technology, use mutually orthogonal overlay code in identical frequency and in the identical symbol period from transmission antennas transmit reference symbol.Illustrate that in the bottom of Fig. 2 two transmitting antennas use the example reference signal mode 206 of CDM technology.During the first symbol period t1 and second symbol period t2, top and bottom emission antenna are both launched two reference symbols (one of each symbol period) in frequency f 2.Top-emission antenna to two of its transmitting reference symbols apply respectively overlay code+1 ,+1(is labeled as overlay code 1 in Fig. 2), and bottom emission antenna to two of its transmitting reference symbols apply respectively overlay code+1 ,-1(is labeled as overlay code 2 in Fig. 2).Because overlay code 1 and 2 is mutually orthogonal, suppose that channel is fixed on symbol period t1 substantially and t2 is upper, can be separated from each other from two reference symbols of each antenna transmission so.
Standard wireless communication system (such as 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)) is used predetermined reference signal pattern to support channel estimating.These patterns conventionally with certain of TDM, FDM and potential CDM combine to define separately can by different transmission antennas transmit and also at reception antenna place the reference signal of non-interfering some (signal, being formed by one or more reference symbols) each other.Use separately TDM, FDM and these three kinds of technology of CDM, often can not expand predetermined reference signal pattern in these standard wireless communication systems in the situation that does not use extra resource unit (the wherein resource of an available carrier wave/frequency modulation (tone) of a symbol period of Resource Unit correspondence) a lot (if any) extra reference signals of giving a definition.Using extra Resource Unit is that disadvantageous because these Resource Units can not be used for the existing reference signal mode that the interpolation of carry information symbol and extra resource unit also operates for old-fashioned equipment in these systems again and can cause the compatible problem falling back.
But, the redaction of desired standard wireless communication system increases the quantity of transmitting antenna in order to carry out multi-antenna technology by continuing, and causes and needs its predetermined reference signal pattern of respective extension further to define each other non-interfering reference signal to carry out channel estimating.For example, expect that the redaction (version is more than 12) of 3GPP LTE wireless standard is used for carrying out multi-antenna technology by 16,32,64 or the more transmitting antenna of supporting for example base station place, or be called as extensive MIMO in a large amount of antenna situations of use.In redaction, subscriber equipment (UE) or terminal will support that more transmitting antenna is also possible.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of reflector, having comprised: reference symbol generator, has been configured to generate the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol for channel estimating; The first reference symbol inserter, is configured to the first reference symbol to insert first information symbol stream, at a symbol period and frequency place by the first antenna transmission; And the second reference symbol inserter, be configured to the second reference symbol to insert the second information symbol stream, at this symbol period and frequency place by the second antenna transmission; Wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, reference symbol generator is applied to the first phase shift the first reference symbol and the second phase shift is applied to the second reference symbol.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, the first antenna and the second antenna composition cluster.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, as a part for code division multiplexing technology, reference symbol generator is further applied to a part for orthogonal covering codes the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol are parts for demodulated reference signal.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol and the 3rd reference symbol channeling of being launched by third antenna in the symbol period.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, launch the first reference symbol from the first antenna with the first OFDM symbol, and launch the second reference symbol from the second antenna with the second OFDM symbol.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, the first phase shift equals
Figure BDA0000430589620000041
and the second phase shift equals
Figure BDA0000430589620000042
wherein, f is the frequency of launching the first and second reference symbols thereon, and N is the number of frequency domain carrier wave, i is-symbol period index, and τ 0iand τ 1iit is different cyclic shift value.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, first information symbol stream and the second information symbol stream are encoded to use first day line and the second antenna to carry out multi-antenna technology.
According to a kind of execution mode of this aspect of the present invention, wherein, multi-antenna technology is diversity, disturbs and suppress or spatial reuse.
A kind of execution mode according to a further aspect in the invention, has proposed a kind of reflector, comprising: reference symbol generator, be configured to generate the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol, and the two is configured for a part for the reference signal of channel estimating; The first reference symbol inserter, is configured to the first reference symbol to insert first information symbol stream, at a symbol period and frequency place by the first antenna transmission; And the second reference symbol inserter, be configured to the second reference symbol to insert the second information symbol stream, at symbol period and frequency place by the second antenna transmission; Wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, reference symbol generator is applied to the first phase shift the first reference symbol and the second phase shift is applied to the second reference symbol to expand predetermined reference signal.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, the first antenna and the second antenna composition cluster.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, as a part for code division multiplexing technology, reference symbol generator is further applied to a part for orthogonal covering codes the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol are the parts for the reference signal of the channel estimating by only receiver carries out.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol and the 3rd reference symbol channeling of being launched by third antenna in the symbol period.
A kind of execution mode according to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of receiver has been proposed, comprise: reference symbol removes device, be configured to remove the reference symbol of reception from information symbol stream, the reference symbol of reception is overlapping from least the first and second reference symbols of different antenna transmissions; And channel estimator, be configured to use the reference symbol receiving to estimate channel, wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol have been applied in different phase shifts.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, channel estimator further uses the different phase in-migration applying to estimate channel.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, the reference symbol of reception is a part for the OFDM symbol of reception.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, information symbol stream is encoded to carry out multi-antenna technology.
According to a kind of execution mode of this another aspect of the present invention, wherein, multi-antenna technology is diversity, disturbs and suppress or spatial reuse.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing that is incorporated to this specification and forms a part for specification shows embodiment of the present disclosure, and is further used for illustrating the principle of execution mode together with specification, and makes those skilled in the relevant art can implement and use execution mode.
Fig. 1 is illustrated in the relative bandwidth carrier launched in time spread channels and the example of relative narrowband carrier.
Fig. 2 illustrates three example reference signal modes that use different multiplex techniques to reduce the interference between multiple transmit antennas.
Fig. 3 illustrates according to the multiple antenna communication of disclosure execution mode.
Fig. 4 illustrates and uses according to the reference signal mode of dividing mutually of disclosure execution mode of multiplexing (PDM) technology.
Fig. 5 illustrates predetermined reference signal pattern.
Fig. 6 illustrates the reflector that is divided into 16 transmitting antennas of cluster according to having of disclosure execution mode.
Fig. 7 illustrates according to a part for many antenna emitters of disclosure execution mode.
Fig. 8 illustrates according to a part for the receiver of disclosure execution mode.
Fig. 9 illustrates the different antenna cluster pattern according to disclosure execution mode.
Embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.The accompanying drawing that key element occurs is first conventionally by leftmost numeral in corresponding reference number.
Embodiment
In the following description, having set forth many details is in order to provide thorough understanding to disclosure execution mode.But, those of skill in the art be it is evident that to the execution mode that comprises structure, system and method can carry out under these details not having.Explanation herein and sign are all that this area has the conventional implication that experience or those skilled in the art use to be conveyed to others skilled in the art with the essence of most effectively they being worked.In other cases, for fear of unnecessarily making, aspect of the present disclosure is fuzzy, and well-known method, operation, part and circuit are not described in detail.
The described execution mode of expression such as " a kind of execution mode ", " execution mode ", " illustrative embodiments " of mentioning in specification can comprise specific features, structure or characteristic, but every kind of execution mode may not necessarily comprise specific features, structure or characteristic.In addition such phrase identical execution mode of definiteness that differs.And, in the time describing specific feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with execution mode, can think and no matter whether clearly be described, affecting this feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other execution modes is in the knowledge of those skilled in the range.
1. general introduction
The disclosure is used and divides mutually multiplexing (PDM) technological expansion reference signal mode to define the system and method for extra reference signal for one.In one embodiment, reference signal mode is the predetermined reference signal pattern in wireless communication standard and is expanded to support for example large-scale MIMO communication.Further describe these and other features of the present disclosure below.
Should notice mentioning below that each " transmitting antenna " think corresponding unique antenna port.The place that channel estimating is performed should be further noted mentioning below, then channel condition information may be obtained potentially.
2. use the reference signal mode design that divides mutually multiplexing (PDM)
Fig. 3 illustrates the example multi-aerial radio communication system 300 that can be used for describing the reference signal mode design that uses PDM.As shown in FIG. 3, multi-aerial radio communication system 300 comprises the reflector 302 with M transmitting antenna 306 and the receiver 304 at least with a reception antenna 308.Transmitting antenna 306 uses multi-antenna technology in one or more carrier frequencies, to transmit information to reception antenna 308.In order to carry out better multi-antenna technology, can estimate the channel 310 between transmitting antenna 306 and reception antenna 308.At carrier frequency f place, channel 310 can be expressed as in frequency domain:
H(f)＝[h 1(f) h 2(f) ... h M(f)] (1)
Wherein, suppose that single channel unit h1-hM is smooth in the bandwidth of frequency f place carrier wave.
In order to estimate H (f), the reference signal mode of M reference signal of definition can use multiplexing (PDM) technology of dividing mutually to design.Use PDM technology, the each signal in M reference signal on (at least) M Resource Unit from the different transmission antennas transmit of transmitting antenna 306.(at least) M Resource Unit relevant with each reference signal correspond to each other so that when transmitting M reference signal overlapping on time and frequency domain.Conventionally, PDM technology prevents M the interference (or at least allowing these reference signals at receiver place separately) between reference signal by each reference signal on M Resource Unit being applied to different phase in-migrations.Once reception antenna 308 receives, receiver 304 can be estimated certain part in H (f) or H (f) by M reference signal.
Fig. 4 illustrates according to the instantiation of this reference signal mode 400 of the H in order to estimating carrier frequency f1 place (f) of the use PDM Technology design of disclosure execution mode.As show, at M symbol period t1-tM(, it needs not to be continuous), the transmitting antenna 306 different reference signal that each spontaneous emission is made up of M reference symbol on carrier frequency f1.More specifically, transmitting antenna 306-1 launches by reference symbol RS on carrier frequency f1 11, RS 12... RS 1Mthe reference signal of composition, transmitting antenna 306-2 launches by reference symbol RS on carrier frequency f1 21, RS 22... RS 2Mthe reference signal of composition etc.
Should note single carrier frequency f1 for exemplary purpose and in other embodiments, corresponding M the reference symbol that forms each reference signal can launch further estimate the H (f) in these other carrier frequencies in other carrier frequencies.For example, each reference signal RS 12, RS 22... RS m2the second reference symbol can on carrier frequency f2, launch with the H (f) on further estimating carrier frequency f2.Should further note using in the situation of plural carrier frequency, corresponding M the reference symbol that forms each reference signal can be within the same-sign period but launched in different plural carrier frequencies.For example, each reference signal RS 12, RS 22... RS m2the second reference symbol can with each reference signal RS 11, RS 21... RS m1the upper transmitting of the inherent carrier frequency f2 of the same symbol period t1 of the first reference symbol.
In order to prevent reference signal interfering with each other, each in M the reference symbol of launching within the same-sign period and on same frequency is all multiplied by corresponding different phase shift.These phase shifts provide as follows:
C ( f ) i = e - j 2 πf ( τ 1 i N ) e - j 2 πf ( τ 2 i N ) . . . e - j 2 πf ( τ Mi N ) T i = { 1 , . . . , M } , - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, subscript T represents transposition, and N is the number of the frequency domain carrier wave (or subcarrier) launched by each transmitting antenna 306, and f is the index of the carrier wave of transmitted-reference symbol thereon, and i is the phase shift index of corresponding symbol period, and τ 1i... τ mirepresent to put on the different circulation time delay of different transmit antennas 306.Because we only use the special carrier frequency f1 in above example to estimate channel 310, so C (f) ican be write as C iso that describe.
In response to transmitting reference symbol described above, reception antenna 308 will be received in upper M the reference symbol during the respective symbol period of carrier frequency f1.The first reference symbol receiving is by the reference symbol RS corresponding to being launched respectively by transmitting antenna 306 during the first symbol period t1 11, RS 21... RS m1overlapping, the second reference symbol reference symbol RS that correspondence is launched respectively by transmitting antenna 306 during second symbol period t2 receiving 12, RS 22... RS m2overlapping etc.
If substantially can not become by tM H in symbol period t1 and (be convenient to explain) do not exist noise or interference, each in the M being received by reception antenna 308 reference symbol can be expressed as follows in frequency domain:
y i＝HC ip i，i＝{1，...，M} (3)
Wherein, p ibe the reference symbol on RE in time symbol ti, if be known at the Ci for all i of receiver 304 places, so from above equation (3), exist M equation and M unknown (, at M the single channel unit h of the H of f1 place 1– h m).Therefore, receiver 304 can use for example H at following ZF Function Estimation f1 place:
H = y i p i * C i * ( C i × C i * ) - 1 , i = { 1 , . . . , M } - - - ( 4 )
Should notice that ZF function in equation (4) only represents that function for estimating H and high-ranking military officer those of ordinary skill in the art are used in and estimates that the additive method of H is feasible.Should further notice that receiver passes through via control channel, more high-level signaling, predetermined setting or other modes receive about particular cycle time delay τ from reflector 302 1i.. τ miinformation can learn the Ci for all i.
3. use PDM extended reference signal mode
Systems approach of the present disclosure is configured to define extra reference signal by above-mentioned PDM technology with extended reference signal mode, and thereby, support the more channel estimating of the transmitting antenna of big figure.Reference signal mode can be for example predetermined reference signal pattern in wireless communication standard and can extension example as supported large-scale MIMO communication.
For example is provided, consider reference signal mode shown in Figure 5 500.Predetermined reference signal pattern in the 3GPP LTE wireless communication standard of eight different reference signals of reference signal mode 500 corresponding definition, wherein each down link demodulation reference signal that is known as.Reference signal mode 500 frequencies of utilization/time/code division multiplexing technology is to prevent the interference between eight different reference signals of its definition.Particularly, eight different reference signals are to two groups of four reference signals shown in diagram 502-1 and 502-2 (wherein each Resource Unit being described in identical 14 symbol periods and 12 sub-carrier frequencies) by Resource Block by channeling.More specifically, reference signal 1 to 4 is assigned to a group and launches on frequency f 1, f6 and f11, and reference signal 5 to 8 is assigned to another group and launches on frequency f 2, f7 and f12.Because reference signal 1 to 4 is launched in the frequency different from reference signal 5 to 8, two groups of interference signals do not interfere with each other.
Be that each reference signal in four reference signals 1 to 4 is transmitted in Resource Block to 12 all reference symbols shown in diagram 502-1, and be that each reference signal in four reference signals 5 to 8 is transmitted in Resource Block to 12 all reference symbols shown in diagram 502-2.Prevent that by applying four mutually orthogonal overlay codes each Resource Block is to the interference (bottom at Fig. 5 illustrates) between 12 overlapping reference symbols in 502.More specifically, in four mutually orthogonal overlay codes, different mutually orthogonal overlay codes is applied to: (1) is by four reference symbols of each reference signal 1 to 4 transmitting in frequency f 1; (2) by four reference symbols of each reference signal 1 to 4 transmitting in frequency f 6; And (3) are by four reference symbols of each reference signal 1 to 4 transmitting in frequency f 11.Similarly, in four mutually orthogonal overlay codes, different mutually orthogonal overlay codes is applied to: (1) is by four reference symbols of each reference signal 5 to 8 transmittings in frequency f 2; (2) by four reference symbols of each reference signal 5 to 8 transmittings in frequency f 7; And (3) are by four reference symbols of each reference signal 5 to 8 transmittings in frequency f 12.
System and method of the present disclosure can extended reference signal mode 500 to define extra reference signal to can carry out eight more channel estimating of transmitting antenna than current support.Particularly, for the transmitting antenna more than eight, transmitting antenna can be divided into the cluster of one or more antennas so that the number of cluster is less than or equal to the number of the specific reference signal that reference signal mode 500 defines or in this case eight.Therefore, for example, suppose that 8 specific reference signals that define with reference signal mode 500 support the channel estimating of 12 transmitting antennas.In one embodiment, can form two clusters with three transmitting antennas and six and have the cluster of a transmitting antenna, for example, so that the sum of cluster equals eight.In another embodiment, can form four clusters with three transmitting antennas.Fig. 6 illustrates another example 600, wherein can be divided into separately eight clusters 604 with two transmitting antennas at 16 transmitting antennas at reflector 602 places.
Be divided into after cluster at transmitting antenna, each antenna cluster is assigned with to launch the different reference signal in the specific reference signals being defined by reference signal mode 500.For example, suppose and expect to use reference signal mode 500 to carry out the channel estimating of 16 transmitting antennas shown in Figure 6, it has been divided into eight clusters 604 with two transmitting antennas separately.In this case, can distribute each cluster 604 to launch specific and different reference signal in eight reference signals that defined by original reference signals pattern 500.
Interfering with each other by the reference signal of each antenna transmission in order to prevent in a cluster in cluster 604, can use the above-mentioned PDM technology in Section 2.Particularly, in Section 2, different phase shifts as above can put on the different reference signal of each antenna transmission in cluster and prevent reference signal interfering with each other.Understanding so for the receiver of the phase shift of each cluster uses reference signal (once receiving) can estimate whole (or, if wished, partly) channel of all transmitting antennas of cluster.
Functional in order to further describe this, Fig. 7 illustrates shown in Figure 6 according to a part 700 for the reflector 602 of disclosure execution mode, and it comprises two part transmitter chain 702 and 704, reference symbol generator 706 and precoder 708.In one embodiment, in base station (or evolved Node B), realize this part 700 of reflector 602.
As shown in FIG. 7, two part transmitter chain 702 and 704 corresponding two transmitting antennas that are coupled to cluster 604-1.Each part transmitter chain 702 and 704 transmittings can be encoded to carry out a series of parallel information symbol stream 728 and 730 of multi-antenna technology.Parallel information symbol stream 728 and 730 is corresponding to be modulated into different subcarriers and to be exported by subcarrier modulator 714 and 718 as a series of time- domain symbol 736 and 738, and it can carry out inverse fast Fourier transform in the situation that of OFDM transmission and output OFDM symbol.Cyclic Prefix adder 720 and 722 adds Cyclic Prefix to time- domain sampling 736 and 738 to time- domain sampling 736 and 738 by upconverter 724 and 726 up-conversions and by two transmission antennas transmit of cluster 604-1 alternatively before afterwards.
Suppose, for exemplary purpose, cluster 604-1 is assigned with to launch the reference signal 1 being defined by reference signal mode in Fig. 5 500, the reference symbol 744 that reference symbol generator 706 can generating reference signal 1.Reference symbol inserter 712 and 714(for example, multiplexer (multiplexor)) can be inserted into each parallel information symbol stream 728 and 730 to transmit in the identical special symbol period with under by the defined frequency of reference signal mode 500 with reference to symbol 744.In order to prevent the interference between the reference symbol 744 of the each transmission antennas transmit in two transmitting antennas in cluster 604-1, precoder 708 can be used for carrying out the above-mentioned PDM technology in Section 2.Particularly, precoder 708 can be used for different phase shifts as above in Section 2 to be applied to reference symbol 744 with the each transmission antennas transmit by two transmitting antennas in cluster 604-1, and is also applied to the reference symbol 744 of being launched between different frequency by the each transmitting antenna in two transmitting antennas in cluster 604-1.Precoding reference symbol respective markers by each antenna transmission in cluster 604-1 is 746 and 748.
For example, consider the reference symbol for being generated by the reference symbol generator 706 of the each transmitting antenna transmission in two transmitting antennas of cluster 604-1 in identical symbol period and frequency.Reference symbol by cluster 604-1 in before each transmission antennas transmit in two transmitting antennas, precoder 708 can apply corresponding different phase shift to this reference symbol before each transmission antennas transmit in two transmitting antennas in by cluster 604-1 in reference symbol, and it is a part for PDM technology.More specifically, the first phase shift can be applied in the reference symbol of a transmission antennas transmit in transmitting antenna in cluster 604-1, and the second phase shift that is different from the first phase shift can be applied in the reference symbol of another transmission antennas transmit of transmitting antenna from cluster 604-1.Can generate these phase shifts according to the equation defining (2) in above Section 2.
Should notice that other predetermined reference signal patterns in 3GPP LTE standard can be by expanding as mentioned above.For example, the predetermined reference signal pattern of the definition distinctive reference signal of honeycomb (CRS) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) can be by expansion described above.In addition, should further notice that predetermined reference signal pattern (for example, CSI-RS) can extend to special support elevation beam and form.Finally, should notice that precoder 708 can be included into reference symbol generator 706.
Refer now to Fig. 8, according to embodiment of the present invention, part receiver chain 800 is shown.This part receiver chain 800 comprises that reception antenna 802, low-converter 804, cyclic prefix remover 806, subcarrier demodulator 808, reference symbol remove device 810 and channel estimator 812.In one embodiment, for example, realize part receiver chain 800 in terminal or subscriber equipment (, portable phone, notebook computer, panel computer etc.).
Conventionally, part receiver chain 800 can be used for receiving the signal (comprising reference signal) of antenna transmission in the cluster 604-1 shown in Fig. 7 and remove the reference symbol for channel estimating from receives signal.More specifically, the signal that low-converter 804 can receive to down-conversion reception antenna 802 is to recover time-domain symbol 818.Cyclic prefix remover 806 can remove any Cyclic Prefix in time-domain symbol 818 to produce the time-domain symbol 820 after Cyclic Prefix removes afterwards.The time-domain symbol 820 of Cyclic Prefix after removing can be by subcarrier demodulator 808 demodulation afterwards, and it can carry out the parallel flow 822 of fast Fourier transform with recovery information and reference symbol in the situation that OFDM transmits.Reference symbol removes the reference symbol 824 in the parallel flow 822 that device 810 can remove the information of being included in and reference symbol and is provided to channel estimator 812 so.So as the part of PDM technology, channel estimator 812 can be with the understanding of the phase shift that is applied to the different reference symbol that reflector 602 launches is carried out to channel estimating at least in part.
Refer now to Fig. 9, according to disclosure execution mode, different antenna cluster patterns 900 is shown.Those antennas that these antenna cluster mode 900 can be used for select emitter place are used to form different clusters to expand reference signal mode as discussed above.
For example, suppose the antenna of reflector director square array, four dissimilar antenna cluster patterns 902,904,906 and 908 can be used for being chosen in those antennas of reflector place and form different clusters.The first antenna cluster mode 902 uses diagonal model, wherein in rectangular array, between the different diagonal of antenna, selects to belong to the antenna of cluster.The second antenna cluster pattern 904 usage level patterns wherein select to belong to the antenna of cluster in rectangular array between the varying level line of antenna.Third antenna pattern 906 is used vertical mode, wherein the antenna that belongs to cluster between the different vertical line of antenna in rectangular array.Finally, the 4th antenna mode 908 uses tessellate pattern as shown in FIG. 9.Suppose the linear array of the antenna at reflector place, use the antenna mode 910 of bar like pattern to be as shown in Figure 9 used further.
Should notice that antenna cluster pattern 900 can have together with the big or small cluster four antennas and use with each cluster in conjunction with the antenna of other numbers at other antenna cluster patterns, reflector place (, except 16) and the cluster causing not of uniform size.
Sum up
By means of the function framework module of the enforcement that shows specific function and relation thereof, the disclosure is described.For convenience of description, at random define in this article the border of these function framework modules.As long as specific function and relation thereof are suitably carried out, the border that definable is replaced so.

Claims (10)

1. a reflector, comprising:
Reference symbol generator, is configured to generate the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol for channel estimating;
The first reference symbol inserter, is configured to described the first reference symbol to insert first information symbol stream, at a symbol period and frequency place by the first antenna transmission; And
The second reference symbol inserter, is configured to described the second reference symbol to insert the second information symbol stream, at described symbol period and frequency place by the second antenna transmission;
Wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, described reference symbol generator is applied to the first phase shift described the first reference symbol and the second phase shift is applied to described the second reference symbol.
2. reflector according to claim 1, wherein, as a described part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, described the first antenna and described the second antenna composition cluster.
3. reflector according to claim 1, wherein, as a part for code division multiplexing technology, described reference symbol generator is further applied to a part for orthogonal covering codes described the first reference symbol and described the second reference symbol.
4. reflector according to claim 3, wherein, the part that described the first reference symbol and described the second reference symbol are demodulated reference signals.
5. reflector according to claim 1, wherein, described the first reference symbol and described the second reference symbol and the 3rd reference symbol channeling of being launched by third antenna in the described symbol period.
6. reflector according to claim 1, wherein, launches described the first reference symbol from described the first antenna with the first OFDM symbol, and launches described the second reference symbol from described the second antenna with the second OFDM symbol.
7. a reflector, comprising:
Reference symbol generator, is configured to generate the first reference symbol and the second reference symbol, and the two is configured for a part for the reference signal of channel estimating;
The first reference symbol inserter, is configured to described the first reference symbol to insert first information symbol stream, at a symbol period and frequency place by the first antenna transmission; And
The second reference symbol inserter, is configured to described the second reference symbol to insert the second information symbol stream, at described symbol period and frequency place by the second antenna transmission,
Wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, described reference symbol generator is applied to the first phase shift described the first reference symbol and the second phase shift is applied to described the second reference symbol to expand predetermined reference signal.
8. reflector according to claim 7, wherein, as a described part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, described the first antenna and described the second antenna composition cluster.
9. a receiver, comprising:
Reference symbol removes device, is configured to remove the reference symbol of reception from information symbol stream, and the reference symbol of described reception is overlapping from least the first and second reference symbols of different antenna transmissions; And
Channel estimator, is configured to use the reference symbol of described reception to estimate channel,
Wherein, as a part of dividing mutually multiplex technique, described the first reference symbol and described the second reference symbol have been applied in different phase shifts.
10. receiver according to claim 9, wherein, described channel estimator further uses the different phase in-migration applying to estimate described channel.
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