CN103851940B - Heat pipe and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Heat pipe and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103851940B
CN103851940B CN201210510719.0A CN201210510719A CN103851940B CN 103851940 B CN103851940 B CN 103851940B CN 201210510719 A CN201210510719 A CN 201210510719A CN 103851940 B CN103851940 B CN 103851940B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
condensation segment
evaporator section
capillary structure
metal level
external diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201210510719.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103851940A (en
Inventor
代升亮
吴佳鸿
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Furui Precise Component Kunshan Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Furui Precise Component Kunshan Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Furui Precise Component Kunshan Co Ltd, Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Furui Precise Component Kunshan Co Ltd
Priority to CN201210510719.0A priority Critical patent/CN103851940B/en
Priority to TW101147056A priority patent/TWI586929B/en
Priority to US13/730,623 priority patent/US20140150995A1/en
Publication of CN103851940A publication Critical patent/CN103851940A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103851940B publication Critical patent/CN103851940B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49353Heat pipe device making

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a heat pipe. The method comprises the following steps of providing a pipe body, wherein the inner wall of the pipe body is provided with a capillary structure, a cavity is formed in the pipe body and the pipe body comprises an evaporation section and a condensation section; separating the evaporation section and the condensation section from each other; vacuumizing, injecting liquid and sealing the pipe body; drilling at least one through hole in the evaporation section and the condensation section of the pipe body respectively; providing at least one metal pipe connected in series to the corresponding at least one through hole of the evaporation section and the condensation section, so that at least one steam passage is formed.

Description

Heat pipe and its manufacture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat pipe and its manufacture method.
Background technology
At this stage, heat pipe is widely used in the radiating of the electronic building brick for having larger caloric value.When the heat pipe works, its Principle is the low boiling working fluid filled using tubular body after the heat that its evaporator section absorbs that heating electronic package is produced Carburation by evaporation, then moves to condensation segment through steam channel with heat, and discharges heat in condensation segment liquefaction condensation Go, the working fluid after the liquefaction is back to evaporator section in the presence of heat pipe wall portion capillary structure again, by the working fluid Shuttling movement, reach heat transfer effect, so as to the heat for producing electronic building brick is transferred to rapidly the condensation segment with heat pipe The radiator of contact is further distributed.
In conventional heat pipe, steam channel and capillary structure contact with each other, and steam forward flow in steam channel, And working fluid reverse flow in capillary structure, both influence each other, and produce at interface of the steam channel with capillary structure Raw shear stress, affects the heat transfer property of heat pipe.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is necessary in fact to provide a kind of heat pipe and its manufacture method for improving adopting heat pipes for heat transfer performance.
A kind of heat pipe, including one is hollow and the body of sealing two ends, the inwall of the body has capillary structure, in the body A cavity is provided with, in the cavity, working fluid is provided with, the body includes evaporator section and condensation segment, the evaporator section and condensation segment are each other Isolation, the capillary structure extend to condensation segment from evaporator section along inboard wall of tube body and form a gaseous working fluid passage, the evaporation Section and condensation segment are respectively provided with an at least through hole, and an at least through hole by least one hollow metal tube concatenation, so as to be formed An at least steam channel.
A kind of manufacturing method of thermotube, comprises the following steps:A body is provided, the inwall of the body is provided with capillary structure, A cavity is formed with the body, the body includes an evaporator section and a condensation segment;Isolate the evaporator section and the condensation segment, and only Make the capillary structure extend to condensation segment one from evaporator section along inboard wall of tube body and form a gaseous working fluid passage;Steaming to body Send out section and condensation segment difference evacuation, fluid injection, sealing treatment;Respectively the body evaporator section and condensation segment it is each beat at least one lead to Hole;There is provided an at least metal tube to be serially connected on the evaporator section and the corresponding at least through hole of condensation segment, be thusly-formed at least one Steam channel.
The present invention respectively offers through hole by the evaporator section and condensation segment in the heat pipe, and will be right by hollow metal tube The cavity of the evaporator section and condensation segment is simultaneously isolated by the through hole phase Chuan Jie ﹐ that answer with a metal level, thus, the workflow of the evaporator section The steam that body is produced by thermal evaporation by the metal tubular into steam channel stream to cold solidifying section ﹐ after the condensation segment is caught a cold again Slowly condense into Gong to make Liu Ti ﹐ and be finally back to the Zheng Fa Duan ﹐ by the capillary structure of the inboard wall of tube body again to be thusly-formed unidirectionally Circulation, it is to avoid produce shear stress during both steam and working fluid relative flow, so as to improve the heat transfer property of the heat pipe.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the heat pipe of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 be the heat pipe shown in Fig. 1 manufacture method in provide an inwall with capillary structure body schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that metal tube is inserted the schematic diagram after body.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are that the body after insertion metal tube is carried out the schematic diagram after the draw of local.
Fig. 6 is by the body two ends welded seal of Fig. 5 and flattens, and makes a call to two on the side wall at body two ends through hole is shown It is intended to.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for connecting two pairs of through holes on body by Fig. 6 respectively with two metal thin tubes.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the heat pipe of second embodiment of the invention.
Main element symbol description
Heat pipe 1
Body 10、20
Capillary structure 11、21
Cavity 12、22
Draw portion 13、40
Middle part 131、41
End 132、42
Evaporator section 14、23
Condensation segment 15、24
Metal level 16、30
Left end 161
Right-hand member 162
Through hole 17、25
Metal tube 18、60
Steam channel 181、61
Compression tool 50
Following specific embodiment will further illustrate the present invention with reference to above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the heat pipe 1 provided for a preferred embodiment of the invention.Heat pipe 1 includes a hollow body 10. 10 sealing two ends of body, and its inwall has capillary structure 11.A cavity 12 is provided with body 10, in cavity 12, workflow is provided with Body.Body 10 is symmetrical along central shaft.There is a draw portion 13 at the middle part along its length of body 10, and draw portion 13 is by body 10 The left and right sides is separated into evaporator section 14 and condensation segment 15, and the length of evaporator section 14 is little compared with the length of condensation segment 15, evaporator section 14 Internal diameter and external diameter it is equal with the internal diameter of condensation segment 15 and external diameter difference.Draw portion 13 is with the middle part of one 131 and is located at middle part 131 The both ends 132 of the left and right sides, the external diameter and constant inner diameter at middle part 131, and the internal diameter and external diameter of evaporator section 14 are respectively smaller than, two The external diameter of end 132 and internal diameter are gradually incremented by along the direction away from middle part 131, until respectively with the external diameter of evaporator section 14 with it is interior Footpath is equal.Inwall in body 10 in draw portion 13 and evaporator section 14 is additionally provided with a metal level 16, and metal level 16 is with regard to body 10 It is substantially symmetrical about its central axis.Metal level 16 is tapered until left end 161 and one and the right side of left end 161 of closing to condensation segment 15 with one The right-hand member 162 of connection.In the present embodiment, the left end 161 of metal level 16 is in hollow coniform, right side and the contracting of left end 161 The capillary structure 11 in end 132 on the right side of pipe portion 13 is close to, the capillary structure in the right-hand member 162 of metal level 16 and evaporator section 14 11 are close to, so as to left and right two parts of the cavity 12 of body 10 are isolated by metal level 16, inwall of the capillary structure 11 along body 10 Condensation segment 15 is extended to from evaporator section 14 and a gaseous working fluid passage is formed.The evaporator section 14 and condensation segment 15 of body 10 is each Two through hole 17 is provided with, and four through holes 17 are concatenated by two hollow metal tubes 18, be i.e. the evaporator section 14 of body 10 and condensation Section 15 is concatenated by two metal tubes 18, so as to form two steam channels 181.
Heat pipe 1 is in running Shi ﹐ evaporator sections 14 and heating electronic package(It is not shown)Thermo-contact, the working fluid in which are heated It is tapered until Feng Bi ﹐ hinder to steam to condensation segment 15 that Zheng Fa ﹐ produce left ends 161 of the Ya Li ﹐ due to metal level 16 to metal level 16 Vapour is moved to condensation segment 15, therefore steam is logical by two steam to Leng Ning Duan ﹐ steam by two streams of steam channel 181 Working fluid is slowly condensed into during road 181, pressure of the 15 Zhong ﹐ of condensation segment now in cavity 12 is finally flow to and is reduced.Working fluid 14 ﹐ of evaporator section is back to by the capillary structure 11 of 10 inwall of body again and is thusly-formed one-way circulation, it is to avoid steam and workflow Shear stress is produced during both bodies relative flow, so as to improve the heat transfer property of heat pipe.
It is to be appreciated that the present invention also can by another way by the cavity of the evaporator section 14 and condensation segment 15 of heat pipe 1 Isolated, the structure of the metal level 16 being not limited in the present embodiment is realizing its purpose.
The manufacture method of heat pipe 1 is discussed in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 7.
Refer to Fig. 2, there is provided the body 20 of a both ends open, the inwall of body 20 has capillary structure 21, and shape in which Into a cavity 22.In the present embodiment, body 20 is made up of the good metal material of heat conductivility, such as copper etc., and its cross section is in Annular shape, and which has a central shaft.Capillary structure 21 can be using directly some tiny in the inner surface setting of body 20 Plough groove type capillary structure that axial groove is formed, the screen type capillary structure formed using metal copper mesh or bundle weave or Person can select ceramic powders or metal dust such as copper powder etc. and sintered type capillary structure formed via sintering process.
Fig. 3 is referred to, is built in the cavity 22 of body 20 and is positioned the metal level 30 of an annular, metal level 30 and body Capillary structure 21 in 20 is mutually close to.End of the metal level 30 on the right side of body 20 and with this on the right side of end separately.In In the present embodiment, the length of metal level 30 is 20-60mm, and by the preferable metal material of toughness, such as copper or aluminum is made.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is referred to, to the local draw being carried out at the metal level 30 of body 20, so as to obtain draw portion 40.Specifically Ground a, there is provided compression tool 50, left end of the compression tool 50 just to metal level 30.By the left end of metal level 30 along the footpath of body 20 To extruding near the central axis direction, until the left side curling of metal level 30 is in cone.Now, due to metal level 30 With plasticity and stress, therefore tightly it is attached on the capillary structure 21 of 20 inwall of body.In the present embodiment, draw portion 40 is by body 20 left and right sides are separated into evaporator section 23 and condensation segment 24, and the length of evaporator section 23 is little compared with the length of condensation segment 24.Draw portion 40 with the middle part of one 41 and positioned at the both ends 42 at 41 or so two ends of middle part, the external diameter and constant inner diameter at middle part 41, and are respectively less than The internal diameter and external diameter of evaporator section 23, external diameter and the internal diameter at both ends 42 are gradually incremented by along the direction away from middle part 41, until with The diameter of evaporator section 23 or condensation segment 24 is suitable.As the left side of metal level 30 is in hollow cone, so as to metal level 30 will Left and right two parts isolation of the cavity 22 of body 20, capillary structure 21 extend to condensation segment 24 from evaporator section 23 along 20 inwall of body And form a gaseous working fluid passage.Length of the metal level 30 in condensation segment 24 is 10mm.
Evacuation, fluid injection, sealing treatment are carried out to the two ends of body 20, and flattening process is carried out to body 20.
Fig. 6 is referred to, and two pairs of through holes 25 is made a call in evaporator section 23 and 24 two ends of condensation segment respectively.
Refer to Fig. 7, there is provided two hollow metal tubes 60, two metal tube 60 is serially connected in into corresponding 23 He of evaporator section On the through hole 25 of condensation segment 24, so as to form two steam channels 61.Thus, heat pipe 1 completes.
Refer to Fig. 8, the quantity of through hole 25 is four pairs, and four metal tubes 60 are serially connected in corresponding evaporator section 23 and cold On the through hole 25 of solidifying section 24, four steam channels 61 have been thusly-formed.The quantity of the through hole 25 and metal tube 60 is not limited.
The technology contents and technical characterstic of the present invention are disclosed above, but those skilled in the art are still potentially based on this Bright teaching and disclose and make a variety of replacements and modification without departing substantially from spirit of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should The content being not limited to disclosed in embodiment, and various replacements and modification without departing substantially from the present invention should be included, and for appended right Requirement is covered.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of heat pipe, including one is hollow and the body of sealing two ends, the inwall of the body has capillary structure, sets in the body There is a cavity, in the cavity, be provided with working fluid, it is characterised in that:The body includes evaporator section and condensation segment, the evaporator section and Condensation segment is isolated from each other, the evaporator section with one is additionally provided with the body of condensation segment junction the evaporator section and condensation segment is isolated Metal level, the metal level is with to the tapered right-hand member being connected up to a left end of closing and with the left end of the condensation segment, the hair Fine texture extends to condensation segment from evaporator section along inboard wall of tube body and forms a gaseous working fluid passage, the evaporator section and condensation segment An at least through hole, and an at least through hole are respectively provided with by least one hollow metal tube concatenation, so as to form an at least steam Passage.
2. heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The left end and right-hand member of the metal level with the body in capillary Structure is fitted.
3. heat pipe as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The body at the set location of the metal level forms one and is located at Draw portion between evaporator section and condensation segment, the internal diameter and external diameter in the draw portion are respectively smaller than the internal diameter and external diameter of the body.
4. heat pipe as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The draw portion has in the middle part of in the of one and is located at left and right two ends in the middle part of this Two ends, the external diameter in the middle part of this and constant inner diameter and be respectively smaller than the internal diameter and external diameter of the body, the external diameter at the both ends With internal diameter along gradually incremental until equal with internal diameter with the external diameter of the body respectively away from the direction in the middle part of this.
5. heat pipe as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The length of the evaporator section is little compared with the length of the condensation segment.
6. a kind of manufacturing method of thermotube, comprises the following steps:
A body is provided, the inwall of the body is provided with capillary structure, and a cavity is formed with the body, and the body includes a steaming Send out section and a condensation segment;
The metal level of an annular is inserted and is positioned between the evaporator section and condensation segment of the body, is made in the metal level and the body Capillary structure be mutually close to;
The local draw is carried out to extruding at the metal level of the body, so as to obtain draw portion, the internal diameter and external diameter point in the draw portion Not little Yu the body internal diameter and external diameter, make the metal level adjacent to one end of condensation segment to the condensation segment it is tapered until closing, make The metal level is close to the capillary structure of the evaporator section adjacent to the other end of evaporator section, so that the metal level isolates the evaporator section With the condensation segment, and only make the capillary structure along inboard wall of tube body from evaporator section extend to condensation segment one formed a gaseous working fluid Passage;
Evaporator section and condensation segment difference evacuation to body, fluid injection, sealing treatment;
Evaporator section and condensation segment in the body each beats an at least through hole respectively;
There is provided an at least metal tube to be serially connected on the evaporator section and the corresponding at least through hole of condensation segment, be thusly-formed at least one Steam channel.
7. manufacturing method of thermotube as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:The body is made up of the metal material of heat conduction.
8. manufacturing method of thermotube as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:Capillary structure employing is directly in the body Surface is arranged the plough groove type capillary structure of some tiny axial grooves formation, is formed using metal copper mesh or bundle weave Screen type capillary structure or the sintered type capillary structure formed via sintering process using ceramic powders, metal dust.
9. manufacturing method of thermotube as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:The draw portion has in the middle part of in the of one and is located in the middle part of this The both ends at left and right two ends, the external diameter in the middle part of this and constant inner diameter and are respectively smaller than the internal diameter and external diameter of the body, the both ends External diameter and internal diameter along being gradually incremented by away from the direction in the middle part of this, until equal with internal diameter with the external diameter of the body respectively.
CN201210510719.0A 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Heat pipe and method for manufacturing same Expired - Fee Related CN103851940B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210510719.0A CN103851940B (en) 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Heat pipe and method for manufacturing same
TW101147056A TWI586929B (en) 2012-12-04 2012-12-12 Heat pipe and method of manufacturing the same
US13/730,623 US20140150995A1 (en) 2012-12-04 2012-12-28 Heat pipe and method for manufacturing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210510719.0A CN103851940B (en) 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Heat pipe and method for manufacturing same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103851940A CN103851940A (en) 2014-06-11
CN103851940B true CN103851940B (en) 2017-05-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201210510719.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103851940B (en) 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Heat pipe and method for manufacturing same

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20140150995A1 (en)
CN (1) CN103851940B (en)
TW (1) TWI586929B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11026343B1 (en) 2013-06-20 2021-06-01 Flextronics Ap, Llc Thermodynamic heat exchanger
CN114636337A (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-17 全亿大科技(佛山)有限公司 Heat pipe, and manufacturing method and device of heat pipe
TWI781679B (en) * 2021-07-07 2022-10-21 邁萪科技股份有限公司 Thermal conductivity structure with liquid-gas splitting mechanism

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US3741289A (en) * 1970-07-06 1973-06-26 R Moore Heat transfer apparatus with immiscible fluids
JPS5989997A (en) * 1982-11-11 1984-05-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Heat pipe and manufacture thereof
DE50202798D1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2005-05-19 Innowert Service Ct In Ges Fue Cooling device for an electrical and / or electronic unit
CN1995895A (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 捷飞有限公司 Loop type heat exchanger
US20070175614A1 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-02 Jaffe Limited Loop heat exchange apparatus
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TWI586929B (en) 2017-06-11
CN103851940A (en) 2014-06-11
TW201423021A (en) 2014-06-16
US20140150995A1 (en) 2014-06-05

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Granted publication date: 20170510

Termination date: 20181204