CN103848547A - Stabilizing method of heavy metal polluted bottom mud and application of stabilizing method - Google Patents
Stabilizing method of heavy metal polluted bottom mud and application of stabilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103848547A CN103848547A CN201310213364.3A CN201310213364A CN103848547A CN 103848547 A CN103848547 A CN 103848547A CN 201310213364 A CN201310213364 A CN 201310213364A CN 103848547 A CN103848547 A CN 103848547A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stabilizing method of heavy metal polluted bottom mud and an application of a stabilizing method. The stabilizing method comprises the following steps: 1) naturally dehydrating the heavy metal polluted bottom mud and then tiling on farmland; 2) scattering a stabilizing agent on the heavy metal polluted bottom mud on the farmland; 3) performing the primary rotary tillage; 4) alternation for wetting and drying for 15 days, performing the second rotary tillage to obtain the aged bottom mud after exposing in the air for 7 days; and 5) mixing sand and straw in a volume ratio, performing the third rotary tillage to obtain the stabilized bottom mud. The invention further provides an application of the stabilizing method of heavy metal polluted bottom mud in bottom mud heavy metal pollution treatment. The invention further provides the application of the stabilized bottom mud obtained through the stabilizing method of heavy metal polluted bottom mud in the crop planting. The treated bottom mud heavy metal stabilizing effect is obvious, and the heavy metal content of the planted vegetable crop meets the national standard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological environment treatment field, particularly a kind of stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud and application thereof.
Background technology
Bed mud is the important component part of water body, is mainly made up of clay mineral, organic matter, active metal oxide, and this natural particulate matter has huge specific surface area, in water surrounding, plays an important role, and it is the Yuan Hehui of various pollutents in water.Sediment Dredging is the effective measure of improving lake water quality, disposes dredging bed mud and need to reach safe, reasonable, economic requirement simultaneously.The recycling of bed mud more carrys out the more to obtain people's concern, gently, in the dredging bed mud recycling approach of intermediate pollution, soil utilization has that consumption is large, the good advantage of the simple and economical property of technology, the agricultural resources utilization of dredging bed mud, not only can turn waste into wealth, and reduce environmental pollution.
Owing to containing the nutritive elements such as abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus in bottom mud in lake, its recycling oneself through becoming the focus of current research, but heavy metal element wherein oneself become the key factor that its agricultural resources of restriction utilizes.Many scholars have launched research widely for how reducing and reduce heavy metal toxicity in dredging bed mud, but systematicness, economy and practicality also do not reach requirement.Therefore, how bottom mud in lake is carried out reasonable resource utilization and avoids the research of the pollution of heavy metal to soil one botanical system just to seem that tool is of great significance.In addition, because bed mud CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE content is higher, cause the bed mud after dehydration easily to harden into lump, its physical structure is unsuitable for plant-growth.Therefore in solving heavy metal contamination, also need to improve its physical properties.
The research of utilization of river bottom mud, not only can solve bed mud problem of outlet, can produce again certain economic benefit.Bed mud resource technology mainly contains: brickmaking, potting grain, sorbent material, soil utilization etc.Much research shows, after bottom mud in lake soil utilizes, total crumb structure and water-stable granular structure increase; Also soil moisture content, field capacity and soil porosity and capillary porosity have been improved simultaneously.Organic content bed mud high and that rotten amount of cure is higher can make the soil weight reduce after using, and volume of soil soild phase reduces gradually, and liquid and gas volume increases gradually; But the higher and low bed mud becoming thoroughly decomposed of clay mineral content may increase the soil weight and cause and harden.Therefore, bed mud use the various physicochemical characters that can obviously improve soil, thereby improve the ability of soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation and water supply, fertilizer.Bed mud and the sediment particles fertilizer being mixed with thereof contain a certain amount of nutrient, higher than pig manure nutrient content, have certain fertilizer efficiency effect.After illustrating that thus bed mud soil utilizes, all can improve soil nutrient content level.The utilization of bed mud soil can not only be brought a large amount of organic matters and mineral nutrient into, and for the microorganism in soil provides nutrient, and bed mud itself contains abundant microorganism, improved the quantity of soil microorganisms.Meanwhile, use municipal sludge and can change the population structure of soil microorganisms, improve the ratio of soil nitrification bacterium, increase enzymic activity, improve the basic fertility of soil and the content of agron.In bed mud, contain a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, also contain the trace elements such as potassium, calcium, iron, sulphur, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, can slowly supply with the required nutrient of plant strain growth.
The risk that the utilization of bed mud soil exists is mainly heavy metal contamination, and in bed mud, heavy metal is of a great variety, mainly contains Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Hg, Cd etc., is to limit the important factor that its extensive soil utilizes.At present more to the Pollution Study of heavy metal-polluted soil, mainly concentrate on soil plough horizon heavy metal after the utilization of bed mud soil the each position of variation, crop Heavy Metal Accumulation amount, there is form and impact etc. thereof.The rationally agricultural heavy metal contamination that can not cause soil and agricultural-food of bed mud, but long-term application can increase the content of heavy metal in soil.Therefore, long-term application bottom mud in lake and fertilizer thereof need carry out necessary monitoring.In bed mud, contain Some Organic Pollutants, can reach in vivo higher level by bioconcentration, thereby produce stronger toxic action, also may jeopardize the mankind's health by food chain.
In addition, the very consolidation of bed mud quality after natural-dehydration, unit weight is up to 1.89g/cm
3, porosity only has 23.8%.The soil porosity scope that is applicable to the good growth of plant is generally 55%～65%.Very consolidation is hard for the low soil of porosity, affects growth and the breathing of root system of plant.Therefore, if dredging bed mud is not carried out to quality adjusting, just can not become the medium of plant-growth, affect it in a large number for soil.
Summary of the invention
Carry out dystopy treatment technology and agricultural resources utilizes technical deficiency for heavy metal contamination river bottom mud after existing dredging, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stabilising method and application thereof of heavy metal polluted bed mud.
The stabilising method of a kind of heavy metal polluted bed mud provided by the invention, comprise the steps:
1) heavy metal polluted bed mud is paved after nature dries dehydration and be laid on farmland;
2) stablizer is spread on described in step 1) on the heavy metal polluted bed mud on farmland;
3) at completing steps 2) farmland on carry out rotary tillage for the first time;
4) alternation of wetting and drying is processed 15 days, and rotary tillage for the second time obtains the bed mud after aging;
5) by the bed mud after aging: sand: stalk volume ratio is that 3:1:1 mixes sand and stalk, rotary tillage for the third time, the bed mud after being stablized.
Wherein, described heavy metal polluted bed mud is heavy metal contamination river bottom mud and/or heavy metal contamination bottom mud in lake.
Wherein, the thickness that described in step 1), heavy metal polluted bed mud is laid on farmland is 15cm.
Wherein, the degree of depth of described rotary tillage for the first time and rotary tillage is for the second time 15cm, and the degree of depth of rotary tillage is for the third time 25cm, and the rotary tillage mode of 3 times is the rotary tillage of advancing in the shape of a spiral.
Wherein, step 2) the described stablizer metal treatment stablizer of attaching most importance to, be preferably the stablizer that comprises following weight part composition: 10 parts of sepiolites, 1～5 part of biphosphate.
Wherein, step 2) usage quantity of described stablizer is: every 100 weight part bed muds stablizer 1.0-2.0 weight part, preferably every stablizer 1.5 weight parts for 100 weight part bed muds, the total amount of concrete apparent weight metal, form distribute and the pH value of bed mud and determining.
Wherein, alternation of wetting and drying is processed 15 days described in step 4), for water spray once makes the moistening rear airing of sediment layer 5 days, repeatedly carries out totally 15 days 3 times.
Wherein, the sand described in step 5) is the sand in international soil texture classification standard processed, the soil that sand grains (0.02～2mm) content is greater than 85%.
Wherein, the stalk described in step 5) is the stalk of pulverizing in advance, and the particle size range after pulverizing is 3～5mm.
Wherein, the stalk described in step 5) is agricultural crop straw, can be one or more in maize straw, rice straw, wheat stalk, soybean stalk, broomcorn straw etc.
The present invention also provides the application of described heavy metal polluted bed mud stabilising method on Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediments is administered.
The present invention also provides the application in proportion of crop planting of bed mud after stable that described heavy metal polluted bed mud stabilising method obtain.
Described farm crop preferred vegetable.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effect:
The present invention is take heavy metal contamination river bottom mud as handling object, adopting sepiolite and monocalcium phosphate is heavy metal stabilizer, take sandy soil and crushing straw as quality modifying agent, the bed mud heavy metal stabilising effect of processing is good, can leach composition reduces, be difficult to Crop, physical properties improvement simultaneously obviously, be beneficial to plant growth, for the disposal of contaminated river bottom mud provides outlet, for the recycling of river training bed mud provides a direction with advantage, simultaneously also for improvement and the disposal of China's river bottom mud provide certain theoretical foundation and reference.
Contriver is from the angle of heavy metal occurrence patterns and farm crop absorption, by leaching test and the growing vegetables field experiment of heavy metal, prove that after processing, the heavy metal in bed mud has satisfactory stability effect, prevent secondary pollution problem and the food-safety problem of bed mud in agricultural resources utilizes, for the further utilization of bed mud in agricultural resources laid a good foundation.
Test through reality, the method of the invention bed mud after treatment, the stabilization effect of heavy metal Cr, Cu, Zn and Cd is obvious, heavy metal content in mater convolvulus and two kinds of vegetable crops of big capsicums of plantation is all lower than the relevant limit value of regulation in " the GB2762-2012 national food safety standard-pollutants in food limitation " of up-to-date issue, and lower than the relevant limit value of regulation in " GB18406.1-2001 agricultural product security quality pollution-free vegetable safety requirements ".
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 carries out the treatment process of stabilization to the heavy metal polluted bed mud after dredging
First the bed mud in the Haikou City Xin Po town river embankment of dredging out is carried out to natural-dehydration and pave after nature dries dehydration and be evenly laid in farmland surface, the thickness being laid on farmland is 15cm.
Evenly apply stablizer to the heavy metal polluted bed mud on above-mentioned farmland, described stablizer comprises sepiolite and monocalcium phosphate, described sepiolite (is purchased from Yi County, Hebei Hong Keweili sepiolite factory, specification is 100 orders) and monocalcium phosphate (be purchased from Fuquan City loud and clear chemical industry limited liability company, total P >=22.0%) mass ratio be 10:1, every stablizer 1.5 weight parts for 100 weight part bed muds.
Carry out rotary tillage for the first time with rotary cultivator (Dongfanghong 1GQN-125 rotary cultivator, China Yituo Group Co.,Ltd), bed mud and stablizer are stirred.Rotary tillage requires as degree of depth 15cm, and mode is the rotary tillage of advancing in the shape of a spiral.
Aging method adopts alternation of wetting and drying 15 days (for water spray once makes the moistening rear airing of sediment layer 5 days, repeatedly carrying out totally 15 days 3 times), rotary tillage for the second time, and rotary tillage requires as degree of depth 15cm, and mode is the rotary tillage of advancing in the shape of a spiral, obtains the bed mud after aging.
After burin-in process, in bed mud, mix by volume the stalk after sand and fragmentation, specifically by the bed mud after aging: sand: stalk volume ratio is that 3:1:1 mixes sand and stalk, rotary tillage for the third time, rotary tillage requires as degree of depth 25cm, mode is the rotary tillage of advancing in the shape of a spiral, the bed mud after being stablized.
Use the Method-1311Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure(TCLP of EPA) measure, 0.3% lime+0.3% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is set simultaneously and makees stablizer as a comparison.Described method bed mud after treatment, TCLP leaching concentration obviously reduces.Wherein, the leaching concentration of Cr element has reduced 27.06% than not stablizing group, has reduced 50.23% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; The leaching concentration of Cu element has reduced 68.58% than not stablizing group, has reduced 41.72% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; The leaching concentration of Zn element has reduced 23.70% than not stablizing group, has reduced 21.57% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; The leaching concentration of Cd element has reduced 22.12% than not stablizing group, has reduced 22.12% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; In leach liquor, the concentration of Pb, As, Hg element is all lower than detection limit.
Result is specifically in table 1, and Leaching of Heavy Metals reduces, and stabilising effect is obvious.
Heavy metal concentration (unit: μ g/L) in bed mud TCLP leach liquor before and after table 1 is stable
| Process title | Cr | Cu | Zn | Cd | Pb | As | Hg |
| Unstable | 3.03 | 10.805 | 147.69 | 4.34 | ＜1.00 | ＜0.15 | ＜0.15 |
| Lime+fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate | 4.44 | 5.825 | 143.69 | 4.34 | ＜1.00 | ＜0.15 | ＜0.15 |
| Stablizer of the present invention | 2.21 | 3.395 | 112.69 | 3.38 | ＜1.00 | ＜0.15 | ＜0.15 |
The application of bed mud after embodiment 2 the present invention are stable on proportion of crop planting
In embodiment 1, bed mud is leveled land through on stable farmland by invention of the present invention, plants according to a conventional method mater convolvulus (originating from respectively Thailand up to seed company limited and gold soil, Beijing agrotechnique institute), two kinds of vegetables of big capsicums (Beijing grand plan seed company limited).Simultaneously do the stable farmland of stablizer so that 0.3% lime+0.3% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate to be set, be covered with do not stablize bed mud farmland as a comparison.In process of crop growth, record physical signs and growth indexes, when results, record output, and vegetables are carried out to heavy metal content detection.
Result is, the physical signs of the rear bed mud planting vegetable of processing and growth indexes are all better than 0.3% lime+0.3% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and do the vegetables of planting on stablizer and untreated bed mud, and output is also done farmland soil and the untreated bed mud of stablizer apparently higher than 0.3% lime+0.3% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate.Process the heavy metal content of planting vegetable on the bed mud of front and back in table 2.
Heavy metal content (unit: mg/kg) before and after table 2 is stable in bed mud planting vegetable
After stabilization treatment, the heavy metal in mater convolvulus (Thailand), except Cr element, other constituent contents all obviously reduce.Wherein, Cu constituent content has reduced 91.26% than not stablizing group, has reduced 16.10% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; Cd constituent content has reduced 65.35% than not stablizing group, has increased by 105.88% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; Pb constituent content is lower than method detection limit 0.005mg/kg, and unstable group is 0.1603mg/kg; As constituent content is lower than method detection limit 0.010mg/kg, and unstable group is 0.0296mg/kg.
After stabilization treatment, the heavy metal in mater convolvulus (Beijing), except Cr element, other constituent contents all obviously reduce.Wherein, Cu constituent content has reduced 56.77% than not stablizing group, has reduced 12.39% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; Cd constituent content has reduced 38.78% than not stablizing group, has increased by 28.29% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; Pb constituent content has reduced 37.08% than not stablizing group, has increased by 230.52% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; As constituent content has increased by 74.91% than not stablizing group, has reduced 4.31% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group.
After stabilization treatment, the heavy metal in big capsicums, except Cr and Pb element, other constituent contents all obviously reduce.Wherein, Cu constituent content has reduced 7.73% than not stablizing group, has increased by 10.93% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; Cd constituent content has reduced 34.35% than not stablizing group, has reduced 21.10% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group; Pb constituent content has reduced 34.09% with respect to lime fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate treatment group, and unstable group content is lower than method detection limit; As constituent content and unstable group are all lower than method detection limit.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. stabilising method for heavy metal polluted bed mud, comprise the steps:
1) heavy metal polluted bed mud is paved after nature dries dehydration and be laid on farmland;
2) stablizer is spread on described in step 1) on the heavy metal polluted bed mud on farmland;
3) at completing steps 2) farmland on carry out rotary tillage for the first time;
4) alternation of wetting and drying is processed 15 days, and rotary tillage for the second time obtains the bed mud after aging;
5) by the bed mud after aging: sand: stalk volume ratio is that 3:1:1 mixes sand and stalk, rotary tillage for the third time, the bed mud after being stablized.
2. the stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness that heavy metal polluted bed mud is laid on farmland described in step 1) is 15cm.
3. the stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described rotary tillage for the first time and rotary tillage is for the second time 15cm, and the degree of depth of rotary tillage is for the third time 25cm, and the rotary tillage mode of 3 times is the rotary tillage of advancing in the shape of a spiral.
4. the stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) described stablizer comprises the composition of following weight part: 10 parts of sepiolites, 1～5 part of biphosphate.
5. the stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) usage quantity of described stablizer is: every 100 weight part bed muds stablizer 1.0-2.0 weight parts, preferably every stablizer 1.5 weight parts for 100 weight part bed muds.
6. the stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud according to claim 1, is characterized in that, alternation of wetting and drying is processed 15 days described in step 4), for water spray once makes the moistening rear airing of sediment layer 5 days, repeatedly carry out totally 15 days 3 times.
7. the stabilising method of heavy metal polluted bed mud according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the stalk described in step 5) is the stalk of pulverizing in advance, and the particle size range after pulverizing is 3～5mm.
8. the application of claim 1-7 any one heavy metal polluted bed mud stabilising method on Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediments is administered.
9. the application of the bed mud that what claim 1-7 any one heavy metal polluted bed mud stabilising method obtained obtain after stable in proportion of crop planting.
10. application according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described farm crop are vegetables.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108834460A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-20 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Mud utilizes methods and applications |
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| CN101664757A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-10 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for restoring heavy metal pollution of vegetable field soil with in-situ passivation method |
| CN101823823A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2010-09-08 | 吕铁军 | Method for improving sludge of sewage treatment plant |
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- 2013-05-31 CN CN201310213364.3A patent/CN103848547A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH1190391A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-06 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Treating agent for heavy metal-containing waste and stabilizing treatment of heavy metal-containing waste |
| KR20010003390A (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2001-01-15 | 장영호 | Apparatus for removing sludge in rever, and method for processing thereof |
| CN101664757A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-10 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for restoring heavy metal pollution of vegetable field soil with in-situ passivation method |
| CN101823823A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2010-09-08 | 吕铁军 | Method for improving sludge of sewage treatment plant |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108834460A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-20 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | Mud utilizes methods and applications |
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Application publication date: 20140611 |