CN103842914B

CN103842914B - Utilize oarse-grained ink jet printing

Info

Publication number: CN103842914B
Application number: CN201280047209.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: T·N·汤玛斯; D·S·里毛伊
Original assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
Current assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date: 2011-09-27
Filing date: 2012-09-13
Publication date: 2016-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-13
Also published as: EP2761377A1; WO2013048740A1; CN103842914A

Abstract

Paper produces the method for printed matter, comprises the selected zone of dry paper, make its water cut be no more than the water cut of balance to the paper of 20%RH.Completing in dry latter 15 seconds, hydrophilic liquid is deposited in the selection fluid pattern on the selected zone of described paper.Paper is charged, so that the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on paper, and region of discharge corresponds to selection fluid pattern.Dry ink-its sign of charging is identical with the electric charge in the charged area on paper-to select the dry black pattern of fluid pattern to be deposited on paper corresponding in selected zone.Dry ink is fixed on paper.

Description

Utilize oarse-grained ink jet printing

Invention field

The invention belongs to digital control print system field.

Background of invention

Printer is useful for the various types of printing images of generation.Printer, at receiver (or " imageable substrate " or " recording medium "), the such as scraps of paper or paper or other planar medium, glass, fabric, metal or other object prints.The example of such medium to comprise in fabric, uncoated paper such as pound paper, the such as offset printing of half thieving paper normally used painting potter's clay paper (such as, PotlatchVintageGloss, PotlatchVintageVelvet, WarrenOffsetEnamel and Kromekote paper) and unwetted paper such as the polymkeric substance-coated paper of photographic printing.

Printer utilizes colorant subtractive color process to operate usually: on the recording medium substantially reflected with image forming mode (image-wise) coated with cyan (C), pinkish red (M), yellow (Y), black (K) and other colorant.Various design (scheme) can be used for printing images.Such as, ink jet printing deposit liquid ink droplet in the appropriate location of recording medium, to form image.But ink jet printing is limited to its producible density.

U.S. Patent number 4,943,816, Sporer, open not containing the application of the marked fluid of dyestuff, to form the sub-image of liquid form on the scraps of paper.Marked fluid is relatively nonwetting for paper.Sporer instructs 300dpi thermal ink jet printers for generation of this sub-image.Then, surface tension is used to adhere to colored powder.Sporer instruction is only not yet permeated or the part droplet of spreading and sinking in paper can be used for attracting dry ink, is unsuitable for high-hydroscopicity paper such as newsprint in this way.The application temperature-sensitive of instructing due to Sporer drips the restriction of ink and the restriction of 300dpi as required, be only suitable for low capacity, the low velocity print application of only requiring normal image quality in this way.Therefore, the method utilizing ink-jet printer at full speed to produce high quality graphic is existed needs.

Summary of the invention

Identify the some problem of inkjet, ink.First, be generally used for high-quality, litho printing ink that high power capacity prints is high viscosity, and containing the pigment of high concentration.By contrast, the viscosity of inkjet, ink is low, so that can be injected from inkjet nozzle or head.Typical inkjet, ink contains 10% solid colorant at the most.Because inkjet, ink penetrates in paper, and colorant concentration is low, and low image density usually appears in such printed matter.By contrast, high by the image density of offset printing (flat stamping) and the printing of electrofax (EP) method, and correspondingly picture quality is higher.In flat stamping and EP printer, ink, colorant or labeled microparticles material are retained in paper on the surface, thus hinder light to arrive paper fibre.Utilize special coating air brushing paper using to be limited to available sheet type with the design of attempting improving image density, and coating air brushing paper using is generally more expensive than normal business paper before.

And typically the little volume that drops in of water base or solvent-based ink-jet is between about 2 and 10pL, be equivalent to the spherical droplets of diameter about 16 μm and 27 μm respectively.After triggering (clash into, strike) unwetted receiver, droplet can 1.5 × and 3 × between scatter (such as, as U.S. Patent number 6,702, description in 425).This causes spot size between 24 μm and 81 μm, is greater than 5 –, 9 μm-diameter widely and does black particle.In some systems, droplet can with 15 × scatter (as at U.S. Patent number 7,232, describe in 214), cause spot size between 30 μm and 150 μm.Large-sized ink droplet restriction resolving power, and image artifacts such as granularity and spot can be produced.(droplet dispersion system also can produce low-quality image, such as, because the ratio of capped paper is relatively low, as at U.S. Patent number 5, and 847, describe in 721).

Although it is large to drip size, higher colorant load or larger granules of pigments can not be used when not damaging the jet performance of ink-jet printer.Prevent aqueous jet system from producing glossiness or hot type printed matter (it is the example of " special-effect " printed matter) to these restrictions of ink composition, this is that EP printer can produce.Although ultraviolet (UV)-curable ink can provide some to act on, their viscosity ratio aqueous ink is much higher.And the curable ink of UV-requires special processing, to guarantee that they are not exposed to ultraviolet (such as, from the sun) before not printed.The curable ink of UV-is also suitable for various substrate unlike aqueous ink.

Finally, utilize the routine be generally used in EP and offset printing to be coated with potter's clay typography paper using and be difficult to manufacture high quality ink jet printing product, because such paper is not easy to absorb ink.On the contrary, for producing high quality graphic by ink jet printing, special coating can be used for being coated with potter's clay paper.Coating is designed to absorb fast and coalescent ink droplet.

The invention provides bulky grain ink-jet system, its high image quality providing the ink jet printing of high speed and EP to print and special-effect performance.The various aspects of bulky grain ink-jet utilize liquid ink and dry ink, to produce image or special-effect printed matter simultaneously.Bulky grain ink-jet is different from conventional based on the ink-jet of dyestuff or the transparent black ink-jet of U.S. Patent number 4,943,816, because these known systems utilize the colorant on molecular scale (dyestuff or pigment) instead of particle scale (micron size).Such as, and bulky grain ink-jet is different from the conventional ink-jet based on pigment, because the dry black particle applied in bulky grain ink-jet, diameter 4 – 8 μm, is greater than the granules of pigments be suspended in inkjet, ink widely, such as, diameter 0.1 μm.

Therefore, according to aspects of the present invention, be provided in method paper producing printed matter, comprise:

The selected zone of dry paper, makes its water cut be no more than the water cut of balance to the paper of 20%RH;

Completing in dry latter 15 seconds, in the selection fluid pattern of deposit hydrophilic liquid on the selected zone of described paper, be not more than 5 × 10 with the resistivity in the selection fluid pattern of toilet tissue ¹¹Ω-cm.;

Paper feeding charges, so that the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on paper, wherein region of discharge corresponds to and selects fluid pattern;

The dry ink---its sign is identical with the electric charge in charged area on paper---of deposition charging is selected in the dry black pattern of fluid pattern in corresponding to described in described selected zone; With

Fixing dry ink on paper,

So that the maximum reflection density of printed matter is at least 1.5.

Advantage of the present invention is: compare and adopt droplet ink-jet printer, larger particles more may deposit, and provides the picture quality of raising and the special-effect performance of enhancing.Bulky grain can by printing without the need to EP photoreceptor and relevant clean and transfer member.Various aspects allow to utilize ink-jet technology to carry out selectivity glazing or hot type printing at conventional paper.Utilize dry black particle and thermoplastic polymer bonding agent in, dry black particle can utilize conventional deinking solvent by deinking.This allows the image of digital printed high-quality, printing density (printdensity) and the permanance with electrophotographic prints, and do not need and expose, cost that photoreceptor is relevant with doing black transferring system.Because the main image-forming component of EP is not used, printer cost is lowered, and its reliability can be enhanced.

Brief description

Above-mentioned and other target of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages, in conjunction with will be more apparent during the following description and drawings, wherein in the conceived case, apply identical reference number to the same characteristic features of specifying accompanying drawing total in the drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of all useful continuous ink jet printing system of various aspects;

Fig. 2 is the elevational sectional view of all useful continous inkjet printhead of various aspects;

Fig. 3 be various aspects all useful continuous-elevational sectional view of the part of ink-jet printer;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram dripping black inkjet printer system as required;

Fig. 5 is the skeleton view of the part of dripping black ink-jet printer as required;

Fig. 6 is the elevational sectional view of electrofax transcriber;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of all useful data handling path of various aspects;

Fig. 8 is high level diagram, the component of the disposal system that display various aspects are all useful;

Fig. 9 A – 9F shows the ink-jet droplet on porous recording medium and is deposited on the interaction each stage between the dry ink on droplet;

Figure 10 A – 10G shows the ink-jet droplet on half porous recording medium and is deposited on the interaction each stage between the dry ink on droplet;

Figure 11 shows the impact of various fixing type on dry ink heap;

Figure 12 shows the paper water cut of balance to relative humidity;

Figure 13 shows the function of resistance as relative humidity of the paper of three types;

Figure 14 is the process flow diagram of the method producing printed matter on paper;

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the device producing printed matter on paper; With

Figure 16 is the process flow diagram of the method producing printed matter on paper.

Accompanying drawing is for illustration of object, and not necessarily pro rata.

Detailed Description Of The Invention

Term " toner (toner) " and " dry ink " are used interchangeably in this article.

As used herein, term " paper " refers to usually by by moist fiber or the compressed together and material made of fabric fibre.Paper bag draws together the fiber being derived from the cellulose slurry deriving from timber, chip or grass, and they are dried to flexible board or volume.Paper is usually containing wetly, and it remains after the drying or is absorbed by being exposed to air.Therefore, term used herein " paper " comprises the conventional material sold as paper and other material with individual features, such as canvas.

As used herein, lipophilicity (oliophilic) and hydrophobic liquid are restricted to such organic liquid, and it does not mix with water or only slightly mixes with water.These comprise aliphatic series and aromatic hydrocarbon.Water wettability and oleophobic property (oliophobic) are restricted to such liquid, and it all or substantially mixes with water.These comprise group water solution and suspending liquid, the inkjet, ink such as containing pigment or dyestuff, group water solution and low-carbon alcohols, that is, the alcohol containing four or less carbon.Such alcohol comprises methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and 1,2-ethylene glycol.It should be noted that the hydrophilic liquid component of also not all is necessarily water-soluble.Such as, some inkjet, ink contain be less than 10%(and be usually less than 5%) water-fast granules of pigments.Even if granules of pigments is water insoluble, inkjet, ink is also hydrophilic liquid.

Inkjet, ink contains solvent or spreading agent, and it dissolves or the toner that is scattered here and there.As used herein, " solvent " refers to this solvent or spreading agent.Colorant can be particulate form, such as granules of pigments.Alternatively, colorant can be dissolved in or be scattered in the dyestuff in solvent.Inkjet, ink also can containing other component such as surfactant, electric charge given granules of pigments to produce the spreading agent of stable suspension, wetting agent and fungicide.Inkjet, ink based on liphophilic solvents is known, but most of inkjet, ink utilizes hydrophilic solvent, such as water or the alcohol containing low-carbon (LC).

Some dry black particles are not containing macroscopic (macroscopic view, macroscopic) space or hole, that is, they are not porous.Also can apply porous and do black particle.Surface area and the mass ratio of dry black particle can utilize " BET " technology (being created by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) and measure.In the art, nitrogen is absorbed on the dry black particle surface of known quality.The surface area of 5 μm solid (that is, non-porous) to 9 μm of scopes dry ink is approximately 2m ²/ g.The membership that adds of sub-micron (submicrometer) particle adders increases dry black granule surface area.Such as, surface area can be increased to about 4m by 3% silica by weight ²/ g.Porous particle can be classified as perforate or closed pore.For the dry ink of closed pore porous, most of space is separated from each other by the polymeric binders of dry ink.Do in ink at open-pored porous, most of space is interconnected.The existence of interconnection is done black particle by microsection porous and in transmission electron microscope(TEM) (TEM), checks porous structure and determine.Alternatively, BET can be used for determining that porous is done ink and had perforate or hole-closing structure.Surface area/unit mass that porous does ink is greater than non-porous dry ink because porous to do ink more not intensive.Therefore, by the volume of measuring the dry ink of known quality with by its with etc. the suitable size of quality compare with the volume of the non-porous dry ink of similar polymeric binder material, measure porous and do black density.Then, BET meter area/unit mass is utilized.For the dry ink of closed pore porous, surface area/unit mass that surface area/unit mass approximates greatly non-porous dry ink is multiplied by the non-porous ratio doing the mass density of ink with porous.Therefore, the closed pore porous that space occupies dry black half does the half that black mass density can be suitable non-porous dry ink, and corresponding surface area/unit mass is the twice of non-porous dry ink.If the surface area/unit mass measured by BET exceedes the factor of the surface area/unit mass at least 2 from density measurements prediction, then think that dry ink is the dry ink of open-pored porous.

The dry ink applied in the EP typography can comprise dry particle, and it comprises polymerization bonding agent, such as polyester or polystyrene.Dry ink can comprise reinforced agent (chargeagent), to give specific dry ink charging or colorant.And submicron particle condiment particle, such as various forms of hydrophobic silica, titania and strontium titanates, can be arranged on dry black surface, to control dry ink charging further, strengthen flowing and to reduce adhesion and cohesion.Dry black particle can comprising toner.Colorant can be pigment or dyestuff.The diameter of current dry black particle is greatly between 5 μm and 9 μm, and it is by grinding or being made by coalescent (evaporativelimitedcoalescence) (ELC) that chemical method such as evaporates restriction.In order to the object of the disclosure, except as otherwise noted, term " dry black diameter " and " dry black size " refer to volume weighted median particle diameter, as utilized business equipment such as measured by CoulterMultisizer.

In the following description, some aspects are described with the term implemented usually used as software program.Those skilled in the art will easily recognize, the equivalent of such software also can be fabricated within hardware.Because image processing algorithm and system are well-known, so current description is by especially for forming the part of method described herein or the algorithm more directly cooperated with method described herein and system.Such algorithm and the other side of system and for generation of with otherwise process the concrete display or describe in this article of the hardware of the picture signal wherein related to or software, it is selected from such system as known in the art, algorithm, component and element.Consider system described below, specifically do not show, propose or describe in this article, be conventional for implementing the useful software of various aspects, and belong to the ordinary skill in such field.

Such as, computer program can comprise one or more storage medium; Magnetic-based storage media is disk (such as floppy disk) or tape such as; Optical storage medium is CD, light belt or machine readable barcode such as; Solid-state electronic memory device such as random-access memory (ram) or ROM (read-only memory) (ROM); Or for storing computer program other physical equipment any of---have control one or more computer-implemented instruction according to method of the present invention---or medium.

Various aspects described herein utilize printhead or are generally used for the print head assembly in ink-jet printing system.But ink jet-print head launches liquid, its needs deposit by accurate measurement with high spatial degree of accuracy, even if these liquid are not the ink containing colorant.Therefore, as described herein, term " liquid " and " ink " refer to any material that can be sprayed by ink jet-print head described herein or inkjet printhead assembly.

In continuous ink jet printing art, black source of pressurizeing is used to spray fluid filaments by nozzle bore, utilizes a forming device to form ink droplet continuously from described nozzle bore.Electrostatic deflection, thermal deflection, air flow deflector or other deflection technique is utilized to guide ink droplet to the position expected." deflection " refers to the direction of motion change of given.For simplicity, drip by be described in this article non-deflection or deflection.But " non-deflection " drips can deflect certain amount, and " deflection " drips deflection more than certain amount.Alternatively, " deflection " and " non-deflection " drip can deflect in the opposite direction.

In all fields, in order to print in the region of recording medium or receiver, allow non-deflected droplets trigger recording medium.In order to provide the nonprinting region of recording medium, the drop that can arrive this region when non-deflection is deflected in black collecting mechanism on the contrary, such as drip catcher, interceptor (interceptor) or groove.These drops collected can be dropped or return Mo Yuan, to reuse.In other side, deflect black drop trigger recording medium to print, and non-deflected droplets is collected in black collecting mechanism to provide non-printed areas.

Fig. 1 be various aspects all useful continuous-schematic diagram of ink-jet printing system.Continuous printing system 20 comprises image source 22, such as scanner or computing machine, and it provides the contour images data of raster image data, page description language form or the Digital Image Data of other form.This view data converts shadow tone bitmap image data to by graphics processing unit 24 and stores in memory.Multiple formation mechanism control circuits 26 read data from video memory and also apply the electric pulse that changes according to the time to one or more forming devices 28, and it is connected with one or more nozzles of printhead 30 separately.These pulses are applied to suitable nozzle at reasonable time, to be formed a little the suitable position---the data appointment by video memory---at recording medium 32 from dripping of continous inkjet stream formation.

Recording medium 32 is moved relative to printhead 30 by recording medium transfer system 34, and described recording medium transfer system 34 is by recording medium conveying control system 36 electric control, and recording medium conveying control system 36 is controlled by microcontroller 38.Microcontroller 38 controls the timing of control circuit 26 and recording medium conveying control system 36, to be dropped in the position that recording medium 32 is expected.Microcontroller 38 can utilize MCU, FPGA, PLD, PLA, PAL, CPU or other stored digital program or stored logic control element and implement.The recording medium transfer system 34 shown in Fig. 1 is only schematic diagram, and many different mechanical realizations are all possible.Such as, transfer roll can be used for recording medium transfer system 34, is transferred to recording medium 32 to contribute to ink droplet.By pagewidth printhead, recording medium 32 can move through fixing printing head.By scanning print system, printhead can be mobile along an axle (subscan or short scan direction), and recording medium can move along orthogonal axes (main sweep or slow scan direction) relative to grating motion.

Ink is included in ink storing device 40 under stress.In non-printing state, continous inkjet drip is not allowed to reach recording medium 32.On the contrary, they are trapped in black drip catcher 42, and black drip catcher 42 can make part ink be back to black recycle unit 44.Ink recycle unit 44 reclaims ink, and is reinstalled to storage container 40.Ink recycle unit can comprise filtrator.For given printer, preferred black pressure can be selected based on the thermal property of the geometry of nozzle and thermal property and ink.Ink pressure governor 46 controls the pressure being applied to the ink of ink storing device 40, to be maintained in expected range by black pressure.Alternatively, ink storing device can be made not pressurize (gauge pressure is about zero, so the air pressure in ink storing device 40 is approximately 1atm), under ink storing device maybe can be made to be in negative gauge pressure (vacuum).In these areas, pump (not shown) is under stress from ink storing device 40 delivered ink to printhead 30.Ink pressure governor 46 can comprise pump control system.

Ink is distributed to printhead 30 by black manifold 47.Ink manifold 47 can comprise one or more ink passage or port.Ink flows through the groove of the silicon base etching of printhead 30 or hole and the front surface that arrives to printhead 30, wherein arranges multiple nozzle and drips formation mechanism, such as a well heater.When printhead 30 is made up of silicon, dripping formation mechanism control circuit 26 can be combined with printhead.Printhead 30 also comprises deflection mechanism (not being shown in Fig. 1), and it is described in more detail by reference to Fig. 2 and 3 below.

Fig. 2 is the elevational sectional view of continous inkjet printhead 30, and various aspects are all useful.The jet module 48 of printhead 30 comprises and is formed at nozzle array in nozzle plate 49 or multiple nozzle 50.In fig. 2, nozzle plate 49 invests jet module 48.Nozzle plate 49 goes back the required part of jet module 48.

Liquid, such as ink is injected by each nozzle 50 of array under stress, to form fluid filaments 52.In fig. 2, nozzle array or multiple nozzle extend in plan and extend to outside it.

Jet module 48 can be operated to form the drop with first size or volume by each nozzle and be different from the second size of first size or volume or the drop of volume with having.Two kinds of sizes are called as " little " and " greatly " mutually; The difference of restriction to magnitude or magnitude should not be inferred by this term.Droplet can be non-deflection or deflection, and large also passable.For producing dripping of two kinds of sizes, jet module 48 comprises dripping to stimulate or drips forming device 28, such as well heater or piezoelectric actuator.When dripping a forming device 28 and being selectively activated, it provides energy, described energy interference fluid filaments 52 to cause the part of each filament 52 to rupture from filament 52 and be polymerized to be formed droplet, such as, droplet 54 or drip 56 greatly.

In fig. 2, dripping forming device 28 is well heaters 51, and such as, asymmetrical heater or ring heater (divided or undivided), it is arranged on one or two face of nozzle plate 49 nozzle 50.The example formed that drips of the type is described in, and such as U.S. Patent number 6,457,807, authorizes Hawkins etc. on October 1st, 2002; 6,491,362, authorize Jeanmaire on Dec 10th, 2002; 6,505,921, authorize Chwalek etc. on January 14th, 2003; 6,554,410, authorize Jeanmaire etc. on April 29th, 2003; 6,575,566, authorize Jeanmaire etc. on June 10th, 2003; 6,588,888, authorize Jeanmaire etc. on July 8th, 2003; 6,793,328, authorize Jeanmaire on September 21st, 2004; 6,827,429, authorize Jeanmaire etc. on Dec 7th, 2004; With 6,851,796, authorize Jeanmaire etc. on February 8th, 2005.

Usually, one drips forming device 28 each nozzle 50 in conjunction with nozzle array.But dripping forming device 28 can in conjunction with the nozzle 50 in groups of nozzle array or all nozzle.

When printhead 30 is in operation, drips 54,56 and generally produce with multiple size or volume, such as, with the form of dripping greatly 56, first size or volume, and with the form of droplet 54, the second size or volume.A large quality of 56 and the mass ratio of droplet 54 are typically about the integer between 2 and 10.Drip 58---comprises and drips 54,56---to be followed and drips path or track 57.

Printhead 30 also comprises air flow deflector mechanism 60, and it guides air-flow 62, such as air, drips track 57 through part.This part is dripped track and is called as deflecting region 64.Along with air-flow 62 with drip 54,56 and interact in deflecting region 64, it changes track.Along with dripping track outside deflecting region 64, to drip the certain angle of track 57 relative to non-deflection,---to be called deflection angle---mobile for they.

Droplet 54 drips 56 more by the impact of air-flow 62 than large, so that droplet track 66 diverges from the large track 68 that drips.That is, the deflection angle of droplet 54 is greater than and large drips 56.Air-flow 62 provides sufficient ink droplet to deflect, thus little and large difference of dripping track is fully provided, so that drip catcher 42(is shown in Fig. 1 and 3) can be arranged, to intercept one of droplet track 66 and large track 68, so that follow track drip collected by drip catcher 42, and follow other track drip walk around drip catcher 42 and clash into recording medium 32(be shown in Fig. 1 and 3).

When drip catcher 42 is arranged to intercept large track 68, droplet 54 is fully deflected, to avoid contacting with drip catcher 42 and trigger recording medium.Because droplet is printed, so this is called droplet printing model.When drip catcher 42 is arranged to intercept droplet track 66, large 56 is dripping of printing.This is called as a large printing model.

Various aspects can apply air flow deflector, as at U.S. Patent number 6, and 588,888 or U.S. Patent number 4,068, to describe in 241, or electrostatic deflection, as at U.S. Patent number 4,636, describe in 808.

Fig. 3 be various aspects all useful continuous-elevational sectional view of the part of ink-jet printer.Jet module 48 comprises nozzle array or multiple nozzle 50.Fig. 1 and 2 is seen by manifold 47() liquid supplied, such as ink, injected by each nozzle 50 of array under stress, to form fluid filaments 52.In figure 3, nozzle array or multiple nozzle 50 extend in figure or extend to outside it.

Be combined with jet module 48 drip stimulates or drip a forming device 28(be shown in Fig. 1 and 2) activated by selectivity, with disturb fluid filaments 52 with cause the part of filament from broken filaments with formed droplet.By this way, drip by optionally to drip towards recording medium 32 movement large and the form of droplet is produced.

The positive pressure airflow structure 61 of air flow deflector mechanism 60 is positioned on the first surface of a track 57.Positive pressure airflow structure 61 comprises the first airflow line 72, and it comprises lower wall 74 and upper wall 76.Airflow line 72 guides the air-flow 62 supplied from positive pressure sources 92 to be also shown in Fig. 2 with the downward angle θ relative to the about 45o of fluid filaments 52 towards dripping a deflecting region 64().Optional seal (one or more) 84 provides the aeroseal between the upper wall 76 of jet module 48 and airflow line 72.

The upper wall 76 of airflow line 72 does not need to extend to a deflecting region 64(as being shown in Fig. 2).In figure 3, upper wall 76 ends at the wall 96 of jet module 48.The wall 96 of jet module 48 serves as the part ending at the upper wall 76 dripping deflecting region 64.

The negative pressure air flow structure 63 of air flow deflector mechanism 60 is positioned on second that drips track 57.Negative pressure air flow structure comprises the second airflow line 78, and it is between drip catcher 42 and the upper wall 82 of discharging air-flow from deflecting region 64.Second pipe 78 is connected to negative source 94, and it is used to help to remove the gas flowing through second pipe 78.Optional seal (one or more) 84 provides the aeroseal between jet module 48 and upper wall 82.

As being shown in Fig. 3, air flow deflector mechanism 60 comprises positive pressure sources 92 and negative source 94.But according to considered concrete application, air flow deflector mechanism 60 can only comprise one of positive pressure sources 92 and negative source 94.

The gas provided by the first airflow line 72 is directed to and drips a deflecting region 64, and wherein it causes and large drip 56 and follow and drip track 68 and droplet 54 follows droplet track 66 greatly.As being shown in Fig. 3, droplet track 66 to be caught before storage 42 90 to intercept.Droplet 54 surface of contact 90 and from face 90 to dirty and enter liquid return pipe road 86, its or be formed between drip catcher 42 and plate 88.The liquid collected is recycled or is back to ink storing device 40(and is shown in Fig. 1), to re-use or to abandon.Walk around drip catcher 42 and move on recording medium 32 for large 56.Alternatively, drip catcher 42 can be arranged, to intercept a large track 68.Contact drip catchers 42 and flow to liquid return pipe road for large 56, it is arranged in or is formed at drip catcher 42.The liquid collected is recycled, to re-use or to abandon.Droplet 54 is walked around drip catcher 42 and is moved on recording medium 32.

Alternatively, fluid filaments 52 is heated to complete deflection by utilizing asymmetrical heater 51 to execute asymmetrically.When with this performance applications, except deflection mechanism, asymmetrical heater 51 is also usually used as dripping formation mechanism operation.The example formed and deflect that drips of the type is described in, and such as U.S. Patent number 6,079,821, authorizes Chwalek etc. on June 27th, 2000.

Deflection also can utilize electrostatic deflection mechanisms to complete.Usually, electrostatic deflection mechanisms or combine in single electrode and drip charging and drip deflection, as U.S. Patent number 4,636, the one described in 808, or comprise and independent drip charging and drip deflecting electrode.Continous inkjet printers system also can utilize electrostatic to drip deflection mechanism, pressure regulates or vibrating mass stimulation apparatus, or the nozzle plate be made up of silicon or non-silicon material or silicon compound.

As being shown in Fig. 3, drip catcher 42 is drip catchers that one is commonly called the type of " Coanda " drip catcher.But " knife edge type (knifeedge) " drip catcher also can be utilized.Alternatively, drip catcher 42 can be the type of any appropriate, includes but not limited to porous area drip catcher, the edge drip catcher defined or those combination in any above-mentioned.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram dripping black inkjet printer system 401 as required.Other details are provided in U.S. Patent number 7, and 350, in 902.Inkjet printer system 401 comprises image data source 402, and it provides data-signal, and described data-signal is translated as the order of drop ejection by controller 404.Controller 404 comprises graphics processing unit 405 and prints to make image, and outputs signal to electrical pulse source 406.Electrical pulse source 406 produces electrical energy pulse, and it is input to ink jet-print head 400, and ink jet-print head 400 comprises at least one ink jet-print head die 410.

In the example of Fig. 4 display, there are two nozzle arrays.The aperture area of the nozzle 421 in first jet array 420 is greater than the aperture area of nozzle 431 in second nozzle array 430.In this example, two nozzle arrays respectively have the nozzle of two misarrangement row, and the spray nozzle density of each row is 600/ inch.Effective spray nozzle density in each array is then 1200/ inch (that is, spacing d=1/1200 inch in Fig. 4).If the pixel on recording medium 32 is sequentially numbered along recording medium working direction, then the pixel of the nozzle meeting prints odd coding of a row of array, and nozzle of other row of array can print the pixel of even numbered.

What be communicated with to each nozzle array fluid is corresponding black transport way.Ink transport way 422 is communicated with first jet array 420 fluid, is communicated with second nozzle array 430 fluid with black transport way 432.The part of ink transport way 422 and 432 is shown as the opening through printhead die substrate 411 in the diagram.One or more ink jet-print head die 410 is included in ink jet-print head, but in order to clearer, only an ink jet-print head die 410 is shown in Fig. 4.The arrangement of printhead die on a support element.In the diagram, first-class body source 408 supplies ink to first jet array 420 by black transport way 422, and second body source 409 supplies ink to second nozzle array 430 by black transport way 432.Although different fluid source 408 and 409 is shown, in some applications, it is useful for having respectively by the black black single fluid source to first jet array 420 and second nozzle array 430 of transport way 422 and 432 supply.And, in certain aspects, can comprise on printhead die 410 and be less than two or nozzle array more than two.In certain aspects, all nozzles on ink jet-print head die 410 can be measure-alike, instead of on ink jet-print head die 410, have the nozzle of sizes.

Be not shown in Fig. 4 be connected with nozzle drip formation mechanism.Drip formation mechanism and can have all kinds, some of them type comprises heating element with evaporation section ink and causes and use droplet ejection, or piezoelectric sender causes injection with the volume of compressed fluid room, or detent, its manufactured carrying out is moved (such as, by heating bi-layer element) thus causes injection.In any case, the electric pulse from electrical pulse source 406 is sent to each thrower according to the deposited picture expected.In the example in figure 4, due to comparatively giant aperture area, the droplet 481 sprayed from first jet array 420 is greater than the droplet 482 sprayed from second nozzle array 430.Typically, the other side (not shown) of dripping formation mechanism be connected with 430 with nozzle array 420 respectively also has different size, so that course of injection is dripped in customization be used for dripping of different size.In operation, the droplet of ink is deposited on recording medium 32.

The black ink jet-print head (not shown) of dripping as required of assembling comprises multiple printhead die, and it is respectively similar to printhead die 410, and is connected with these die electricity and fluid.Each die comprises one or more nozzle array, and it is respectively connected to respective black source.In instances, use three dies, it respectively has two nozzle arrays, and six nozzle arrays on printhead are connected to cyan, magenta, yellow, text black and photo black ink and colourless protectiveness printing-fluid respectively.Six nozzle arrays are respectively arranged along nozzle array direction, and length can≤1 inch.The typical length of recording medium is 6 inches for Photographic prints (4 inches × 6 inches), or is 11 inches for paper (8.5 × 11 inches).Therefore, in order to printing full images, some swaths are printed mobile print head on recording medium 32 simultaneously continuously.After printing swath, recording medium 32 is along medium working direction---being arranged essentially parallel to nozzle array direction---and advance.

Fig. 5 is the skeleton view dripping black ink-jet printer part as required.Some printer parts are hidden in view shown in Fig. 5, so that other part can be seen more clearly.Printer base 500 has print area 503, slide 540 strides across print area 503 and moves forward and backward along X-axis with slide direction of scanning 505---between the right 506 and the left side 507 of printer base 500, and drip be not shown in Fig. 5 from printhead die 410() be injected into print head assembly 550, described print head assembly 550 is installed on slide 540.Slide engine 580 moving belt 584, moves along carriage rail 582 to make slide 540.Encoder detector (not shown) is installed on slide 540, and instruction is relative to the sledge position of scrambler fence 583.

Print head assembly 550 is installed in slide 540, and multicell ink case 562 and single chamber ink case 564 are arranged in print head assembly 550.Printhead together with the black case of installation sometimes referred to as print head assembly.As the installation direction of the print head assembly 550 herein shown is: with regard to Fig. 5, printhead die 410 is positioned at the bottom surface of print head assembly 550, black droplet by Jet with downward flow direction to the print area 503 of recording medium (not shown).In this example, multicell ink case 562 comprises five kinds of black sources: the black and colourless protectiveness fluid of cyan, magenta, yellow, photograph; And single chamber ink case 564 comprises the black source of text black.In other side, be not there is multicell ink case to hold some black sources, but all Mo Yuanjun are contained in independent single chamber ink case.Paper or other recording medium (being sometimes referred to as paper or medium herein) are loaded into direction 502 before printer base 500 along paper and 508 are loaded.

Various roller can be used for promoting recording medium through printer.In instances, pick-up roll (not shown) with paper be loaded into direction move sheet above pile of sheets or other recording medium or.Live-rollers (not shown) is used for moving paper (cooperate with curling back wall surface) around C type path, is directed with toilet tissue, thus 509(below along medium working direction 504 from printer base 500 with Y-axis+Y-direction) advance.Then, paper is moved by intake roller and one or more dancing roll (one or more), to advance along medium working direction 504 across print area 503, and from there to exit roller (not shown) and star-wheel (starwheel) (one or more), so that the paper printed exits along medium working direction 504.Intake roller 512 comprises the paper feed roll shaft along its axle, and intake roller gear 511 is installed on paper feed roll shaft.Intake roller 512 can comprise the independent roller be arranged on paper feed roll shaft, maybe can be included in the thin high friction coatings on paper feed roll shaft.Rotary encoder (not shown) can coaxially be installed on paper feed roll shaft, rotates with the angle of monitoring intake roller.

Paper feeding advancing roller provides the engine of power not to be shown in Fig. 5.Hole 510 to be on the right side of printer base 500 506, is the place that engine gear (not shown) is therefrom given prominence to, to engage the gear of intake roller gear 511 and exit roller (not shown).In order to normal paper injection and paper feed, expect that roller rotates together with sense of rotation 513 forward.Maintenance console 530 is located towards the left side 507 of printer base 500.

In this example, towards the 509 positioning electronic plates 590 below of printer base 500, it comprises cable connector 592, for being communicated with print head assembly 550 therefrom with printhead slide 540 connected sum by cable (not shown).Electron plate is also installed be used for slide engine 580 and paper feed engine engine controller, for controlling the processor of printing process or other controls the connector of electronic equipment (being schematically illustrated as controller 404 and graphics processing unit 405 in the diagram) and optional cable and main frame.

Electrofax (EP) print process---can comprise printer, duplicating machine, scanner and facsimile recorder---at equipment and be specific in similar devices or digital device, and all these equipment are called as " printer " in this article.For eletrophotography printer, such as utilize the electrophotographic printer of the dry ink developed on electrophotographic recording medium and and do not rely on ionography printer and the duplicating machine of electrophotographic recording medium, various aspects of the present invention are useful.Electrophotography and ion photography are the types of photograph method (utilizing electrostatic field printing), and photograph method is the subclass of electrical image method (utilizing electric field printing).

Digital reproduction print system (" printer ") generally includes digital front-end processor (DFE), printer core (in the art also referred to as " mark prints (marking) movement ") for applying dry ink to recording medium and one or more post-press processing system (such as UV coating system, lustring machine system or laminating machine system).Printer can reproduce satisfied black-and-Bai or colour on recording medium.Printer also can produce the dry black pattern of selection on recording medium, and described pattern (such as superficial makings) does not directly correspond to visual image.DFE receives input e-file (such as postscript command file), and it is made up of the image of other input equipment (such as, scanner, digital camera).DFE can comprise various function processor, such as raster image processor (RIP), framing processor, manipulated image processor, color processor or image storage of processor.Input e-file is rasterized into image bit map by DFE, prints for printer core.In certain aspects, DFE allows human operator who parameters, such as layout, font, color, media type or aft-loaded airfoil option.Printer core obtains grating images bitmap from DFE, and makes the form that bitmap becomes such: described form can control from exposure sources to hectographic printing image to the printing process recording medium.System of processing application characteristic is such as protected, glazing or be incorporated into printed matter.System of processing can be used as printer required component or as independent machine---by it, printed matter is imported into after they are printed---and implement.

Printer also can comprise color management system, and it catches the feature of the image printing process (such as xerography) implemented in printer core, to provide known, consistent color rendering feature.For different inputs (such as digital camera images or film image), color management system also can provide known color rendering.

Electrofax module PCB instrument all useful in all fields, such as NEXPRESS3000SE printer---by EastmanKodakCompany, Rochester, N.Y. manufacture---aspect, colored dry ink print image is made in multiple colour imaging modules of arranged in series, further, printing images in succession by static printing to the recording medium being attached to the transmission roll web moving through module.Painted dry ink is comprising toner, and such as dyestuff or pigment, it absorbs the visible ray of specific wavelength.Such commercial instrument typically, applies the intermediate transfer element in each module, for from photoreceptor transfer printing visual image and hectographic printing image to recording medium.In other electrophotographic printer, each visual image is directly transferred to recording medium, to form corresponding printing images.

It is also known for having the electrophotographic printer also utilizing other image-forming module deposit transparent to do black ability.As used herein, transparent dry ink is considered to a kind of dry ink of color, and as C, M, Y, K are the same with Lk, but term " painted dry ink " does not comprise transparent dry ink.Fingerprint avoided for protection printed matter and reduces some visual artificial trace, providing transparent-dry black protective layer to be expect to chromatograp.Transparent dry ink utilizes such particle, and it is similar to the dry black particle of color developing station, but does not have coloring material (such as dyestuff or pigment) to be combined in dry black particle.But transparent-dry black protective layer can increase cost and reduce the colour gamut of printed matter; Therefore, expect to be supplied to the selection that operator/user determines whether transparent-dry black protective layer to be applied to whole printed matter.Homogeneous transparent dry layer of ink can be provided.According to dry black stack height, the layer of inverse proportion change also can be used to level of setting up and do black stack height.Each dry ink each position is on the recording medium deposited on over each other, and the height of each dry ink heap is the dry ink level sum of often kind of independent color.Homogeneous stack height is supplied to the more balanced or homogeneous gloss of printed matter.

Fig. 6 is the elevational sectional view of electrofax transcriber.Make printer 600 be suitable for producing printing images, (six looks) images of such as monochromatic (monochromatic), CMYK or six looks is on recording medium (multicolor image is also referred to as " multicomponent " image).Image can comprise the content viewable of text, figure, photo and other type.An aspect relates to and utilizes electrophotographic printer core to print, and described movement has six groups of monochrome images-generation station of arranged in series or-printing station or module, but can be combined to form printing images on given recording medium greater or less than six looks.Other electrofax typewriter or print apparatus also can be included.Each assembly of printer 600 is shown as roller; Other structure is also possible, comprises band.

With reference to figure 6, printer 600 is electrophotographic printing devices, and it has the electrophotographic image-formation printing module 691,692,693,694,695,696 of some arranged in series, also referred to as electrophotographic image forming subsystem.Each printing module produces monochromatic dry black image, to utilize respective transfer printing subsystem 650(for clarity sake, only marks one) be transferred to the recording medium 32 in succession moving through module.Recording medium 32 is sent to printer 600 from feeding unit 640, and described feeding unit 640 can comprise active feeding subsystem as known in the art.In all fields, visual image directly can be transferred to recording medium from image forming roller, or from image forming roller by one or more transfer roll of being transferred to successively transfer printing subsystem 650 or band (one or more), and be transferred to recording medium 32 therefrom.Recording medium 32 is, the roll web of the selection of such as flat medium such as paper or hyaline membrane or cutting blade part.

Each printing module 691,692,693,694,695,696 comprises various assembly.For clarity sake, these are only presented in printing module 692.---taking sense of rotation as order---photoreceptor 625, charger 621, exposure subsystem 622 and toning station 623 is arranged around photoreceptor 625.

In EP process, charge by giving photoreceptor 625 equably and then make the even charge of selected zone discharge to produce the electrostatic charge pattern corresponding to the image (" sub-image ") expected, photoreceptor 625 forms electrostatic latent image.Charger 621 produce homogeneous electrostatic charge in photoreceptor 625 or its on the surface.Exposure subsystem 622 optionally makes photoreceptor 625 discharge, to produce sub-image with image forming mode.Exposure subsystem 622 can comprise laser instrument and grating optical scanner (ROS), one or more LED or linear LED array.

After sub-image is formed, the dry black particle of charging is introduced near photoreceptor 625 by station 623 of mixing colours, and is attracted to sub-image, so that image development is become visual image.Note, visual image may not be visual for bore hole, and this depends on the composition (such as transparent dry ink) of dry black particle.Toning station 623 also can be called as developing station.Dry ink can be applicable to the charge or discharge part of sub-image.

After sub-image develops to visual image on photoreceptor, suitable recording medium is introduced into visual image arranged side by side.In transfer printing subsystem 650, suitable electric field is employed, so that the dry black particle of visual image is transferred to recording medium, to form the printing images of expectation on recording medium.Imaging process is repeated many times typically via the photoreceptor that can reuse.

Then, recording medium removes and contacts with the operation of photoreceptor, and through being heated or pressure, with permanent fixing (" fusion ") printing images to recording medium.Multiple printing images, the printing images of such as independent different color, overlaps on a recording medium, then fuses, to form polychrome printing image on recording medium.

During single pass six modules, transfer printing that each recording medium can align does black image, to form five-coloring graph picture to six monochromes.As used herein, term " six looks " shows, in printing images, the various combinations of six kinds of colors are combined, and form other color on recording medium with various positions on the recording medium.That is, each of the dry ink of six kinds of colors all can combine with the dry ink of one or more other colors ad-hoc location on the recording medium, to form the color of the color of the dry ink be different from this position grouping.In in certain, printing module 691 forms black (K) printing images, printing module 692 forms yellow (Y) printing images, printing module 693 forms magenta (M) printing images, printing module 694 forms cyan (C) printing images, printing module 695 forms light black (Lk) image, and printing module 696 forms transparent image.

In all fields, printing module 696 utilizes transparent dry ink or the dry ink of light color to form printing images.Light that light color does its transmitting of light ratio that ink absorbs is few, but containing pigment or dyestuff, its tone towards light color moves through the tone of its light.Such as, the blueness-light color coated on the paper that do not print is done ink and can be caused see the paper display pale blue that Shi Weiyin crosses under white light, and the yellow of printing under blueness-light color does ink can be caused to show micro-green under white light.

Recording medium 632A is showing after printing module 696.Printing images 638 on recording medium 632A comprises the dry black particle of incomplete fusion.

After each printing images in point other printing module 691,692,693,694,695,696 separately that transfer printing alignment is overlapping, recording medium 632A advances to fusion device 660, that is, fusion or fixing component, to fuse printing images 638 to recording medium 632A.Transmit the recording medium extremely fusion device 660 that printing-image is carried in roll web 681 transmission, the recording medium that it is hot by application and the fixing dry black particle of pressure is extremely respective.Recording medium, continuously from transmission roll web 681 unsticking, is fed to fusion device 660 nattily to allow them.Transmit roll web 681 to be then recovered, with cleaning 686 by clean and in and the electric charge that transmits in roll web 681 opposed surface and being re-used.Mechanical cleaning station (not shown)---for being wiped off or vacuumed away from transmission roll web 681 by dry ink---also can independently or together with cleaning 686 be employed.Before or after mechanical cleaning station can be disposed in cleaning 686 along transmission roll web 681, with the sense of rotation transmitting roll web 681.

Fusion device 660 comprises fuse roller 662 and the buffer brake roller 664 of heating, and it forms fusion folder district 665 betwixt.In in certain, fusion device 660 also comprises release fluids application substation 668, and it applies release fluids, such as silicone oil, to fuse roller 662.Alternatively, the content of wax is done ink and can be employed and without the need to applying release fluids to fuse roller 662.The other side of fusion device---contact and non-contacting---can be used for various aspect.Such as, the fixing solvent that utilizes of solvent softens dry black particle, so that they are in conjunction with recording medium.Photoflash fusion utilizes the short explosion of high frequency electromagnetic radiation (such as ultraviolet light) to melt dry ink.Radiation is fixing utilizes low frequency electromagnetic radiation (such as infrared light), so that fusing is dry black more lentamente.The fixing electromagnetic radiation utilized in microwave range of microwave, to add thermal recording media (mainly), thus causes dry black particles fuse by heat transfer, so that dry ink is fixing to recording medium.

Carry fused image (such as, fused image 639) recording medium (such as recording medium 632B) from fusion device 660 be sent to long-range output panel 669 along path by series connection, or be back to printing module 691,692,693,694,695,696, to produce image in the back side of recording medium, that is, printed on both sides thing is formed.Recording medium also can be transferred into the output accessory of any appropriate.Such as, assisted fusion device or glazing assemblies can provide transparent-dry black protective layer.Printer 600 also can comprise multiple fusion device 660, to support application, such as overprint, as known in the art.

In all fields, between fusion device 660 and output panel 669, recording medium 632B is through modifying device 670.Modify device 670 and perform the operation of various media processes, such as folding, iron wire flat stitching, saddle stitching, look into note and combination.

Printer 600 comprises primary printer device logic and control module (LCU) 699, and it accepts the input signal of the various sensors be connected with printer 600, and sends a control signal to the assembly of printer 600.LCU699 can comprise microprocessor, and it is in conjunction with the suitable table of comparisons and the control software design by LCU699 execution.It also can comprise field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), microcontroller or other digital control system.LCU699 can comprise storer, to store control software design and data.The sensor be connected with fuser assembly provides suitable signal to LCU699.In response to sensor, LCU699 sends and regulates heat in fusion folder district 665 or the order of pressure and other operating parameter of control signal and fusion device 660 pairs of recording mediums.This allows printer 600 in various thickness and finishing, and such as glossiness or coarse recording medium prints.

The view data write by printer 600 can by raster image processor (RIP; Do not show) process, raster image processor can comprise one or more color-separated scanning generator.The output of RIP can be stored in frame or inline cache district, to transmit color-separated printed data to respective LED typewriter, such as, respectively for black (K), yellow (Y), pinkish red (M), cyan (C) and redness (R).RIP or color separation screen generator can be printer 600 part or away from printer 600.Available from color file scanner or digital camera or can be produced by computing machine or from storer or network by the view data of RIP process, it generally includes the view data that performance needs the consecutive image being become half tone image data by reprocessing, fully to be showed by printer.RIP can perform image processing process, such as colour correction, to obtain the chromatograp of expectation.Color image data is separated into respective color, and utilizes matrix conversion to become halftone dot image data in each color by RIP, and described matrix comprises screen angle (measuring from right counter clockwise direction ,+X-direction) and the screen ruling of expectation.RIP can be the computing machine of suitably programming or logical device and be suitable for matrix and the template of application memory or calculating, for the color image data of separation being processed into bottoming (rendered) view data being suitable for the half-tone information form of printing.These matrixes can comprise basket storer (SPM).

Each component parameter of printing module (such as, printing module 691) can be selected to the operation controlling printer 600.In certain, charger 621 is corona charging devices, and it comprises the grid between corona wire (not shown) and photoreceptor 625.Voltage source 621a applied voltage charges to grid to control photoreceptor 625.In certain, voltage bias is applied to toning station 623 to control electric field by voltage source 623a, thus controls the dry black transfer printing speed from toning station 623 to photoreceptor 625.In certain, voltage before development, that is, before dry ink is applied in photoreceptor 625 by toning station 623, is applied to the conduction basic unit of photoreceptor 625 by voltage source 625a.The voltage applied can be zero; Basic unit can ground connection.This also provides the control to dry black rate of sedimentation during developing.In certain, the exposure being applied to photoreceptor 625 by exposure subsystem 622 controls by LCU699, to produce the sub-image corresponding to the printing images expected.All these parameters all can be changed, as described below.

Further details about printer 600 are provided in U.S. Patent number 6,608,641---authorize PeterS.Alexandrovich etc. on August 19th, 2003---with U.S. Publication No 2006/0133870---and announcement on June 22nd, 2006, YeeS.Ng etc.---in.

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of all useful data handling path of various aspects, and defines some terms used herein.Continuous printing system 20(Fig. 1), inkjet printer system 401(Fig. 4), printer 600(Fig. 6) or this data routing can be operated corresponding to any these electronic equipment (such as DFE or RIP described herein), to produce the view data corresponding to the exposure to photoreceptor to be applied, as mentioned above.This data routing also can provide the data of other type printer.Data routing can be divided in every way between DFE and printer core, as known in image-process field.

Below describe and relate to single pixel; In operation, data processing occurs for multiple pixels of common composition diagram picture.Term " resolving power " in this article refers to spatial resolution, such as, in units of cycles/degree.Term " bit depth " refers to scope and the degree of accuracy of value.Each group Pixel-level all has the location of pixels of respective sets.Each location of pixels is recording medium 32(Fig. 6) position (set) of coordinate on surface, a certain amount of dry ink corresponding to each Pixel-level should be applied herein.

Printer 600 receives input Pixel-level 700.These can be arbitrary number of levels as known in the art, such as, for the sRGB code value (0 of red, green and blue (R, G, B) color channel ... 255).There is a Pixel-level in often kind of color channel.Input Pixel-level 700 can be in additive color or substractive color space.Image-process path 710 converts input Pixel-level 700 to output pixel level 720, and it can be cyan, magenta, yellow (CMY); Cyan, magenta, yellow, black (CMYK); Or the value in other colorant substractive color space.This conversion can be the part of above-mentioned color management system.For exposure---L*, or other factors as known in the art, output pixel level 720 can be linear or nonlinear.

The input Pixel-level 700 inputting input color channel (such as R) in the color space (such as sRGB) is transformed into the output pixel level 720 of the output color channel (such as C) exported in the color space (such as CMYK) by image-process path 710.In all fields, input Pixel-level 700 is transformed into the CIELAB(CIE1976L*a*b* of expectation by image-process path 710; CIEPub.15:2004, the third edition, § 8.2.1) value or ICCPCS(ProfileConnectionSpace) LAB value, thus be optionally transformed into the value presenting in the wide colour gamut of such as ROMMRGB of encoding and expect color.Then, CIELAB, PCSLAB or ROMMRGB value is transformed into the CMYK value of the equipment of depending on, to maintain the pixel chromaticity of expectation.Image-process path 710 can utilize optional workflow input 705, and the ICC profile of such as image and printer 600, to calculate output pixel level 720.RGB can according to SpecificationsforWebOffsetPublications(reel offset printing Publisking standard) (SWOP; ANSICGATSTR001 and CGATS.6), Euroscale(Europe colour code) (ISO2846-1:2006 and ISO12647) or other CMYK standard be converted into CMYK.

Input pixel is relevant with the input resolution (ippi, input pixel/inch) in units of pixel/inch, and output pixel is relevant with output resolution (oppi).As ippi ≠ oppi, image-process path 710 is drawn or montage in proportion, such as, utilize bi-cubic interpolation algorithm, to change resolving power.By drafting in proportion suitable therebetween or editing operation, it is also preferred that the following step (output pixel level 720, site Pixel-level 760) in path performs at oppi, but can be different resolving powers separately.

Add the site Pixel-level 760 that net unit 750 calculates output pixel level 720.Add net unit 750 and can perform continuous tone (process), shadow tone, masstone or multilevel halfone plate graphic arts process, and can comprise and add web storage or tremble color bitmap.Site Pixel-level 760 is in the bit depth required by printer core 770.

Printer core 770 represents the subsystem in printer 600, and it corresponds to a certain amount of dry ink of site Pixel-level to recording medium 32(Fig. 6 in the application of each site location of pixels).The example of these subsystems is described above by reference to figure 1 – 3.Site Pixel-level and position can be movement Pixel-level and position, maybe can perform other process, so that site Pixel-level is become movement Pixel-level and position with position transition.

Fig. 8 is high level diagram, the assembly of the disposal system that its display various aspects are all useful.System comprises data handling system 810, peripheral system 820, user interface system 830 and data-storage system 840.Peripheral system 820, user interface system 830 and data-storage system 840 are communicatively connected to data handling system 810.

Data handling system 810 comprises one or more data processing equipment, and it implements the process of various aspect, comprises example procedure as herein described.Term " data processing equipment " or " data processor " intention comprise arbitrary data treatment facility, such as CPU (central processing unit) (" CPU "), desktop computer, kneetop computer, mainframe computer, personal digital assistant, Blackberry ^tM, digital camera, mobile phone or process data, management data or service data any miscellaneous equipment, no matter by electricity, magnetic, optics, biology assembly or otherwise implement.

Data-storage system 840 comprises the addressable storer of one or more processor, and it is configured to storage information, and comprise the information performed needed for each side process, described process comprises example procedure as herein described.Data-storage system 840 can be the addressable accumulator system of distributed processors, and comprise the addressable storer of multiple processor, it is connected to data handling system 810 by multiple computing machine or device talk.On the other hand, data-storage system 840 needs not be the addressable accumulator system of distributed processors, thus can comprise the addressable storer of one or more processors being arranged in single data processor or equipment.

Term " the addressable storer of processor " intention comprises the addressable data storage device of any processor---be no matter volatibility non-volatile, electric, magnetic, optics or other, include but not limited to register, floppy disk, hard disk, CD, DVD, flash memory, ROM and RAM.

Term " communicatively connect " intention comprises the connection of any type between program that equipment, data processor maybe can transmit data---and no matter wired or wireless.Term " communicatively connect " intention comprises the connection between connection between connection between the program in equipment or single data processor, equipment or the program in different pieces of information processor and the equipment not in data processor.At this on the one hand, although data-storage system 840 and data handling system 810 are shown separately, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that data-storage system 840 all or part ofly can be stored in data handling system 810.Further, in this respect, although peripheral system 820 and user interface system 830 are shown separately with data handling system 810, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that one or two such system all or part ofly can be stored in data handling system 810.

Peripheral system 820 can comprise one or more equipment, and it is configured to provide digital content to be recorded to data handling system 810.Such as, peripheral system 820 can comprise digital still life camera, digital camera, mobile phone or other data processor.Data handling system 810, after receiving digital content record from the equipment in peripheral system 820, can store such digital content and be recorded in data-storage system 840.Peripheral system 820 also can comprise printerfacing, produce for making printer correspond to store in data-storage system 840 digital content record or the output that produced by data handling system 810.

User interface system 830 can comprise arbitrary equipment or the equipment combination that mouse, keyboard, other computing machine or data are therefrom input to data handling system 810.At this on the one hand, although peripheral system 820 and user interface system 830 are shown separately, peripheral system 820 can be included, as the part of user interface system 830.

User interface system 830 also can comprise display device, the addressable storer of processor or data and be combined to its arbitrary equipment exported or equipment by data handling system 810.At this on the one hand, if user interface system 830 comprises the addressable storer of processor, so such storer can be the part of data-storage system 840, even if the separately display in fig. 8 of user interface system 830 and data-storage system 840.

Fig. 9 A – 9F shows the ink-jet droplet on porous recording medium 32 and is deposited on the interaction each stage between the dry ink on droplet.In this figure and figure below, relatively painted (light and shade, the shading) of each several part shows the example that colorant spreads between these portions.Do not require that colorant exists, unless expressly stated.

Fig. 9 A shows ink droplets 910 and is ejected towards porous recording medium 32.Fig. 9 B shows ink droplets and contacts with recording medium.As shown, some drip infiltration or immerse recording medium.Dripping after Fig. 9 C shows further immersion recording medium.

Fig. 9 D shows dry black particle 920, and it is deposited on ink.In all fields, dry black particle is less than and drips.This allow Accurate align and avoid diffuse images to be greater than at dry ink drip or size with drip suitable can be deposited on drip outside dry ink in.Dry ink can be transparent, and can have open cell porous structure, is adsorbed in dry black particle to allow fluid and colorant.

Fig. 9 E shows ink and to be drawn between dry black particle and---when porous does ink---to be drawn in dry black particle.Colorant also can be drawn to dry black particle from ink.

It is enough black moisture to be got rid of the result of recording medium that Fig. 9 F shows dry ink absorption.Be adsorbed in dry ink for strengthening water wettability ink, dry ink can contain accrete bunch of the hydrophilic particulate of nano-scale, described hydrophilic particulate condiment such as water wettability silica, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide and lime chloride." nano-scale bunch " is particle or the cluster of particle that diameter is less than about 200nm, as determined by the observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM) or transmission electron microscope(TEM) (TEM).

Figure 10 A – 10G shows the ink-jet droplet on half porous recording medium 32 and is deposited on the interaction each stage between dry black 910 on droplet.Half porous recording medium is defined as such recording medium: thereon, the droplet of water---its size with utilize the size of the droplet applied in the surface energy of contact angle clinometer rule measured surface suitable---is deposited on the surface, and, after 2s, at least some but not every droplet are still visual by the optical instrument of contact angle clinometer rule, because some quality of droplet have been adsorbed in half porous recording medium.Porous recording medium is defined as such recording medium: thereon, the droplet of water---its size with utilize the size of the droplet applied in the surface energy of contact angle clinometer rule measured surface suitable---is deposited on the surface, and, after 2s, do not have droplet still visual by the optical instrument of contact angle clinometer rule.By comparing, non-porous recording medium is such recording medium: thereon,------be deposited to it on the surface, the droplet of all depositions---except quality has been evaporated---is still visual by the optical instrument of contact angle clinometer rule afterwards deposition 2 seconds with utilizing the size of the droplet applied in the surface energy of contact angle clinometer rule measured surface suitable for its size for the droplet of water.

Figure 10 A display is dripped 910 and is landed to recording medium 32.Figure 10 B display is dripped and is contacted with recording medium.Micro-penetrating in recording medium is dripped in display.Figure 10 C display is dripped and is spread apart on the recording medium.Liquid is very limited to the infiltration in recording medium.

Figure 10 D display is deposited on the dry black particle 920 on ink that recording medium spreads apart.As mentioned above, dry black particle can be less than and drips.

Figure 10 E to show between dry black particle that ink is attracted to deposition and---when porous does ink---in the dry black particle of deposition.Figure 10 F shows such example, and wherein dry ink has drawn enough ink or liquid, does black contact history medium to allow at least some.Figure 10 G shows coloured ink and stays on the recording medium after the dry black particle of removal.

Figure 11 shows the effect of various fusion type to dry ink heap.Figure 11 also shows various process to the example of effect of dry ink being deposited into ink.These effects are similar for porous and non-porous recording medium.The recording medium 32 it with printing images 1105 corresponds to Fig. 9 F or Figure 10 F.Printing images 1105 comprises ink and dry ink.Dotted arrow represents optional step.

In certain, recording medium 32 through roller fuse step 1120, to produce fused image 1125.Recording medium 32 can further across polishing step 1130, to produce glossiness image 1135.Polishing step 1130 eliminates the Feng Hegu in fused image 1125.

In in other, recording medium 32 through noncontact fuse step 1110, to produce viscosity image 1115.Noncontact fusion can soften dry black particle, makes it be compressed together and flattens.There is the recording medium 32 of viscosity image 1115 optionally through roller fuse step 1120 or polishing step 1130, as mentioned above.

Figure 12 shows the water cut of the representative paper of selection---measures---function---measured with number percent---as relative humidity of atomsphere (RH) using the percentage by weight of water.For obtaining these measurement results, paper is positioned in the room containing low RH air.Increase the water cut of room in a series of steps.In each step, the sufficiently long time in room stayed by paper, to allow the atmospheric equilibrium in itself and room.Measure the water cut of paper.The data obtained is with filled circles display (" moistening ").After reaching high RH, room RH progressively reduces.To the same before, in each step, paper balanced, then measures paper.The data obtained is with open circles display (" drying ").As shown, in water cut, there are some delayed actiones.

Figure 13 shows the resistance (Ω-cm) of three types paper as the function of relative humidity of atomsphere, as above limits by reference to Figure 12.Horizontal ordinate is room RH and ordinate is resistivity, and it is with the log of 100M Ω to 100T Ω ₁₀scale.Curve 1310 is for 60-lb.(60#) KROMEKOTE paper, curve 1320 for 70#POTLATCHVINTAGE paper and curve 1330 for 20#UNISOURCE pound paper.Along with RH increaseds to over 80% from lower than 40%, resistivity decline three to four orders of magnitude.

Due to this resistivity, low balance RH(is such as, dry) paper can preserve electric charge.If electric charge is deposited on electrical ground on material, then form leaky capacitor.Electric charge is by the timeconstantτ that provides along with the product by resistivity of material and material dielectric constant and exponential damping.Equal a time constant time interim, the electric charge on material and gained electromotive force will decay to 1/e or the about 1/2.7(≈ 37% of its initial value) (e=ln (1)).Interim when 5 τ grow, the charge and potential of 99.3% will dissipate.The specific inductive capacity of paper is approximately 3 times or ~ 3 × (8.85 × 10 of the specific inductive capacity of free space ^-12) F/m.As being shown in Figure 13, the resistivity that water cut is balanced to the paper of 50%RH is approximately 1 × 10 ¹¹Ω-cm or 1 × 10 ⁹Ω-m.Therefore, τ ≈ 0.027s, so in 0.13s, being deposited on the electric charge that water cut is balanced to 99.7% on the paper of 50%RH will dissipate.But if paper is dried to the water cut of balance to 20%RH, then resistivity is increased to 10 ¹²with 10 ¹⁴between Ω-cm.Be 10 for resistivity ¹³Ω-cm=10 ¹¹Ω-m, τ ≈ 267s, so electric charge and gained voltage can only decay 3.7% in 10 seconds on recording medium.In following various aspects, paper is dried to the RH of balance, provides enough resistivity, so that the discharge capacity in 10 seconds is acceptable.

[HYB-1002, HYB-1016] Figure 14 is presented at method paper producing printed matter, especially on porous recording medium, such as, as above discusses by reference to Fig. 9.[/HYB-1002, HYB-1016] [HYB-1003, HYB-1022] Figure 14 is presented at method paper producing printed matter, especially on half porous recording medium, such as, as above discusses by reference to Figure 10.[/HYB-1003, HYB-1022] process starts from step 1410.In step 1410, the selected zone of paper or paper roll is dried, makes its water cut be no more than the water cut of balance to the paper of 20%RH.This increases the resistance of paper, so that it will retain the electric charge sufficiently long time, to allow dry ink to be deposited on paper, as above discusses by reference to Fig. 12 – 13.

In all fields, such as, by making it static until its balance carrys out dry paper in dry air, by paper being remained in environmental chamber or by making paper through holding the container of drying agent such as lime chloride.In other side, paper is dried by heating.The isolated noncontact firing equipment with paper can be used, the film such as heated, the line of heating or microwave radiation source, IR or RF energy.Paper is also by the element with heating, and the plate of such as heat or the roller of heating contact and heated.Paper is preferably heated at least 110 DEG C and is not preferably heated to the temperature that will paper caused aging, described such as aging, foaming, jaundice, brittle or burning.Step 1420 after step 1410.

In step 1420, hydrophilic liquid is selected in fluid pattern completing in dry latter 15 seconds to be deposited on the selected zone of all or part of paper.Hydrophilic liquid (such as, ink) the moistening image-region corresponding to the paper selecting fluid pattern of deposition.Equipment such as above-mentioned ink-jet printer can be used for deposit liquid.Fluid pattern can be deposited by image forming mode.Hydrophilic liquid can comprise water as solvent, maybe can comprise other hydrophilic liquid, such as has the alcohol of 4 or less carbon, such as methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols or 1,2-ethylene glycol." above " of paper is restricted to the face of the paper of deposit liquid on it; " back side " of paper is other face." above " and " back side " act on second time printed on both sides thing is reversed in the process of printer.

In all fields, hydrophilic liquid is ink or other liquid that contain toner.Colorant in liquid can be the pigment in stable colloid suspending liquid.This requires that pigment is fully charged to keep stable.More specifically, pigment is charged in the first polarity, thus produces the electric double layer of so-called opposite charges in a solvent.The suitable parameter characterizing pigment electric charge is zeta potential, as known in the literature with utilize commercially equipment measurable.In other side, colorant is dissolved in or is suspended in the dyestuff in liquid.

In all fields, hydrophilic liquid is comprising toner, and dry ink is not comprising toner.This respect has effect for generation, and such as glossiness surface, or hot type (sense of touch) typographic ink-jet produced print can be useful.Ink jet image can utilize painted ink to produce, and can use transparent dry ink particle can, to provide modification or texture.

In all fields, dry ink can comprise the dry black particle of diameter between 4 μm and 25 μm.

In all fields, the paper surface applying fluid pattern is porous surface.In instances, paper does not comprise potter's clay coating in its surface.Such paper is sold usually used as pound paper (or glazing paper, it has more smooth non-coated surface).Hydrophilic liquid is immersed in paper, as being shown in Fig. 9 C.

Non-porous paper, such as TESLIN, micro-porous polymeric material or polyethylene coating paper stock (for processed and applied of taking a picture, and being designed in silver halide developing process submergence in aqueous) are unsuitable for for the method.The substrate of paper and other type---hydrophilic liquid may penetrate in its surface and resistivity is wherein relevant to water cut---is suitable for application.

Step 1430 after step 1420.

In step 1430, paper is charged, so that the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on paper, wherein region of discharge corresponds to the image-region selected fluid pattern or be limited by it.In all fields, paper is arranged between bias voltage supporting element (biasable) and charge member.Bias voltage supporting element can be plate, and preferably electrical ground.The paper back side preferably contacts supporting element.In all fields, recording medium is sent on conductive strips, and band is supporting element.

In all fields, paper is charged to electromotive force between 100V and 500V, has the electric charge of the first polarity.Fluid pattern---receives the region of hydrophilic liquid---and more conducts electricity than non-ejection region on above.As a result, the electric charge be deposited in the fluid pattern region of paper can be dissipated to the electrode of ground connection back electrode or other consumption electric charge.By contrast, electric charge remain on paper fluid pattern outside arid region in.As a result, the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on paper, and the electromotive force of charged area is, such as at least 100V.

In all fields, the hydrophilic liquid be ejected on dry paper fully permeates paper, with the resistivity reducing paper humidification zones to being not more than 5% of paper drying nest resistivity or being reduced to and being not more than 5 × 10 ¹¹Ω-cm.

Step 1440 after step 1430.

In step 1440, the dry ink---its sign is identical with the electric charge in charged area on paper---of charging is deposited on the dry black pattern in paper, and described dry black pattern corresponds to the selection fluid pattern in selected zone, although not necessarily consistent.Because the random nature of black deposition process is done in drying, dry black pattern can depart from fluid pattern.

For depositing dry ink, paper is made to operate the upper bias voltage developing station close to comprising dry ink.The electric charge of dry ink has the first polarity, the same with the electric charge in paper arid region.Bias voltage in developing station has the first identical polarity.This is region of discharge development (DAD) process.After deposition, dry ink passes through power, and---comprising Van der Waals force---is retained in paper on the surface.

In all fields, the magnitude of the bias voltage in developing station is less than on paper arid region, so that the dry ink of contiguous paper is driven to the region of discharge corresponding to fluid pattern.In all fields, the bias voltage being applied to developing station is less than the bias voltage being applied to paper drying nest, but is greater than the bias voltage in the moistening part of paper.In all fields, developing station is magnetic developer station described above, or gasoloid or powder spray (powder-cloud) developing station.

Step 1450 after step 1440, or optionally step 1445.

In optional step 1445, the selected zone of paper is dry before with fixing dry ink (step 1450) after the dry ink (step 1440) of deposition.Step 1450 after step 1445.

This optional drying steps can reduce the formation of fine pits in dry layer of ink on paper.Along with dry ink is fixing in step 1450, it can flow and form successive layers in the part of paper.Can boil over to outside paper under the heat that hydrophilic liquid provides in fixing.Gained gas can outside the surperficial discharge paper covered by the dry ink of flowing.If this occurs, gas is trapped between dry ink and paper.Thus gas can break up dry layer of ink to discharge, and produces small-scale unevenness.Many on single printed matter in these small-scale unevenness can negative effect picture quality.Allow gas to depart from paper at fixing front dry paper and be not captured under dry ink, thus reducing the formation of fine pits.

In step 1450, dry ink by forever fixing (such as, fusing) to paper.This is by making the recording medium of load chart through to be heated and pressure has come higher than its glass transition temperature Tg to improve dry Mo Wendu, so that dry ink is viscosity but not glass.Viscosity is done black particle and is adhered to recording medium and other dry black particle of adhering, to form coherent dry black block.Pressure forces dry black particle flow together and impel the adhesion to paper.In all fields, the printed matter with high gloss is under heat and pressure, by the smooth surface of printing paper of casting, and such as nickel or polyamide tape and produce.This can carry out after fixing or replace fixing and carry out.Dry ink on printed matter is cooled lower than T _g, then it separates with band.

Due to this process, relative to the reflection coefficient of substrate, the maximum reflection density of printed matter is at least 1.5.Reflection density Bei Xian Dings Wei – log10(reflected light/incident light).Dry black particle is retained in paper on the surface and absorb light, and described light can reflect paper fibre in typical inkjet system.This allows dry ink print product to produce denser image.Maximum reflection density can be measured in the black on the spot of printing or the black target of primary colors; Not each printing images all must comprise the content of requirement maximal density.

In all fields, produce sense of touch printed matter.Sense of touch printed matter is the printed matter with the relief feature arrived by tactile sensation.Example comprises Braille printed matter, hot type printed matter and burr reason printed matter.At some in these in, the volume weighted median diameter being deposited on the dry ink on paper is at least 20 μm.At some in these in, dry ink is transparent or uncoloured, or not containing colorant.Dry ink thus provides texture and the outward appearance of the arbitrary content that ink exists is done in not obvious impact below.At some in these in, transparent dry ink is employed together with contain the hydrophilic liquid of toner such as dyestuff or pigment.This provides such printed matter, and it has coloured image or other patterns of being printed by hydrophilic liquid and the tactile feature formed by the transparent dry ink on these patterns.

In all fields, the dry ink be deposited on paper comprises thermoplastic polymer bonding agent.In activation, (such as, by heat or UV, as mentioned above) in time, will be cross-linked some these bonding agents, and some these bonding agents can not.Fixing or on be exposed to heat in photoreduction process time, the latter, by deliquescing, then returns to glassy state when they cool.The dry ink comprising foregoing type bonding agent is called as in this article " the dry ink of heat curing-type ".The dry ink comprising latter type bonding agent is called as in this article " the dry ink of fusion type ".When dry ink is deposited on recording medium, heat curing-type is done ink and fusion type and is done black bonding agent and be all in hot plastic state.After the dry ink of heat curing-type is fixing, its bonding agent is in thermoset state.

In fix steps 1450, heat or pressure are applied to the dry ink of fusion type.In fix steps 1450, the dry ink of heat curing-type is activated, so that its bonding agent is crosslinked instead of deliquescing.As activation its bonding agent part or except activating its bonding agent, heat curing-type is done ink and also can be heated---before activation or activation after.

In all fields, the dry ink of application heat curing-type.Hydrophilic liquid and bonding agent do not have obvious chemical interaction, and bonding agent is cross-linked by during activation in fix steps 1450.

In all fields, the dry ink of application heat curing-type.Hydrophilic liquid and heat curing-type do black chemically reactive, to cause dry ink crosslinked.This reaction can occur when contacting in deposition step 1440, or occurs when activating in fix steps 1450.

In all fields, " the dry ink of thermosetting " (contrary with the dry ink of heat curing-type) deposits in step 1440.It is so dry ink that ink is done in thermosetting: when it is deposited on paper, its bonding agent has been in thermoset state (that is, being cross-linked).In these areas, be protection step 1455 after fix steps 1450.In protection step 1455, protective materials such as varnish is applied to the paper that ink is done in load thermosetting.Thermosetting is done ink and is adhered to recording medium by protective materials.In all fields, hydrophilic liquid is bonding agent.The dry ink of thermosetting adheres to paper by hydrophilic liquid.

In all fields, dry ink is removed from recording medium after deposit.In these areas, be step 1460 after step 1450.Dry ink is hydrophilic (such as, comprise perforate-or closed pore porous does black particle, or comprise have the accrete dry black particle of water wettability) at least partly.As a result, when dry ink deposition, the dry ink of at least some deposition adheres to hydrophilic liquid (depositing in step 1420), and at least some hydrophilic liquid is drawn onto in the dry black particle of deposition or around it.Hydrophilic liquid comprises suspends colorants (such as, granules of pigments).Above-mentioned Figure 10 D – 10F shows the liquid containing water wettability colorant and the water wettability being deposited on liquid top does this interactional example between ink.After the dry ink of deposition has adsorbed at least some hydrophilic liquid (that is, after the humidification zones being deposited on recording medium), the dry ink of at least some has been removed by from recording medium.As a result, at least some suspends colorants remaines on recording medium after dry ink and at least some liquid wherein or near it are removed.Figure 10 G is presented at the example still retaining the hydrophilic liquid of some colorants after dry ink is removed.In all fields, dry ink is not comprising toner.In these areas, dry ink only for removing water from recording medium, to allow to carry out ink jet printing on porous recording medium.

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the device producing printed matter on paper recording medium 32.Be different from electrophotographic printer shown in Fig. 6, this device does not utilize photoreceptor 625(Fig. 6) or other photosensitive imaging element whether be deposited on recording medium 32 to control dry ink.Data routing shown in Fig. 7 can be used for this printer.

Forwarder (not shown) along paper path (not shown), also referred to as " transfer path ", mobile paper (recording medium 32).In in shown, forwarder comprises travelling belt 1581.Forwarder also can comprise cylinder, platform or the miscellaneous equipment for mobile paper (recording medium 32).Recording medium 32 can be paper or roll web.To in all descriptions of Figure 15 and associated materials, recording medium 32 to be paper and paper path be recording medium 32 is along its path through printer.

Dryer 1520, liquid-sedimentation unit 1530, charge member 1540, developing station 1550, optional dry ink-eliminating equipment 1557 and fuser 1560(or 1570, as described below) with this order along paper path permutations.

On the dry forwarder of dryer 1520, recording medium 32(is namely, paper) selected zone 1532, make its water cut be no more than balance to the water cut of the paper of 20%RH.This is as above by reference to described in Fig. 12 – 13.Dryer 1520 can comprise infrared ray or UV ray radiation source (display), heated air source or dehumidifier.Dryer 1520 can comprise the roller (not shown) of heating.Dryer 1520 is by the dry paper of radiation, heating, drying or alternate manner.Dryer 1520 can comprise paper regulon.

Completing in dry latter 15 seconds, liquid-sedimentation unit 1530 in all or part in the region 1532 of recording medium 32 deposit hydrophilic liquid in selection fluid pattern.This produces the humidification zones of recording medium, wherein hydrophilic liquid moistening recording medium.In shown, recording medium 32 is at least enough fast along the transfer rate of travelling belt 1581, with the leading edge of recording medium 32 being carried into liquid-sedimentation unit 1530 from dryer 1520 in 10 seconds at the most.In all fields, hydrophilic liquid is water wettability ink.In all fields, image forming mode depositing device is ink-jet.Inkjet deposited as described herein can by drip as required ink or continuously printhead perform.

Charge member 1540 comprises two electrodes 1541,1544 of arbitrary shape, and it is respectively connected to power supply or fixing electromotive force (such as, ground), and it is arranged on the opposite face in paper path.In shown, electrode 1541 is corona wires, and its part conductively-closed is surrounded, and electrode 1544 is dull and stereotyped.Electrode selectivity ground charges to the recording medium 32 in region 1532, and region 1532 in-between.Therefore the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on paper, and the electromotive force of charged area is at least 100V.That is, charger charges to arid region, but the liquid in humidification zones makes any local accumulation electric discharge of electric charge, stops charging.As a result, charge pattern corresponds to fluid pattern; Region of discharge is approximately such region: wherein, and liquid is deposited by liquid-sedimentation unit 1530.Source 1545 can provide voltage or electric current to electrode 1544; Corresponding source (not shown) can provide voltage or electric current to electrode 1541.In each embodiment, charging is performed by the biasing roller (not shown) little with paper spacing distance.

In all fields, electrode 1544 is charge member 1540 place recording medium 32 ground connection (or fixing bias voltage) support plates below.In all fields, recording medium 32 at one or more physical contact electrode 1544 so that electric charge by electrode 1544 from recording medium 32 be conducted to (or source 1545).Compared with the situation needing the air-gap between arc-through recording medium 32 and electrode 1544 with electric charge, this provides quicker and controlled charging.Electric charge transmission and do not produce electric arc and be also reduced in the maximum voltage that experiences between charge period and reduce the damage that electric arc causes recording medium 32.But, also can the charging of application of air gap.

Developing station 1550 applies dry ink to recording medium 32.When region 1532 is in operating position relative to developing station 1550, biased toning element 1551 and area electrodes 1554 biased are separately arranged on the opposite face in region 1532 of recording medium 32.Select the bias voltage of toning element 1551 and area electrodes 1554, so that the electric field of mixing colours between element 1551 and area electrodes 1554 is enough strong, to deposit dry ink on the arbitrfary point of selected zone.In all fields, recording medium 32 contact area electrode 1554.

Voltage source 1553 applied bias voltage is to toning element 1551.Bias voltage is less than the electromotive force of recording medium 32 charged area and is greater than the electromotive force in the uncharged region of recording medium 32.Bias voltage and electromotive force can be measured relative to area electrodes.Area electrodes is energized to specific electromotive force or can ground connection by voltage source 1555.

Source of supply (Supply) 1552 comprises the dry black particle of charging.Source of supply 1552 comprises being suitable for providing does ink to printer with to the various assemblies of dry ink charging.In all fields, source of supply 1552 comprises dry black bottle (not shown), for selectivity from the dry ink of bottle distribution and computation amount to the door of storage container with for mixing dry ink with to the spiral drill the storage container of its triboelectric charging.The sign of dry ink is identical with the electric charge in charged area on recording medium 32.

Result, when making the selected zone 1532 of recording medium 32 effectively arrange with developing station 1550, the dry ink that charges is deposited in the dry black pattern on recording medium 32, and described dry black pattern corresponds to, although be not necessarily same as, the selection fluid pattern in selected zone 1532.Dry ink deposition is realized by the electric field resulted between the charge pattern on the electric power of the electric charge on dry black particle and toning element 1551, area electrodes 1554 and recording medium 32.Such as, by the dry ink just charged, electric field can be directed to area electrodes 1554 from toning element 1551, falls electric field to cause the dry black particle on toning element 1551 towards recording medium 32.

In all fields, dry ink-eliminating equipment 1557 is in developing station 1550 downstream.Dry ink-eliminating equipment 1557 removes the dry ink of at least some deposition from recording medium 32.At least some suspends colorants remaines on recording medium after dry ink and any ink wherein or near it or hydrophilic liquid are removed.Dry ink-eliminating equipment 1557 can comprise one or more electrode, and it produces the field attracting the upper any residual charge of dry ink away from recording medium 32.Dry ink-eliminating equipment 1557 also can comprise vacuum, air knife or mill (skive), drives away dry black particle with machinery.Dry ink is removed and spin-cleaning brush such as vacuum hairbrush also can be utilized to perform.

In all fields, the second dryer 1559 is along the paper path permutations between developing station 1550 and fuser 1560.Dryer 1559 is suitable for the selected zone of dry paper.This is discussed above for step 1445 shown in Figure 14.Utilize dry black eliminating equipment 1557 and the second dryer 1559 in, both can arrange along paper path with arbitrary order.When contacting with recording medium 32 direct mechanical or direct mechanical does not contact, dryer 1559 can apply heat, infrared ray or other electromagnetic radiation or vacuum to recording medium 32.

In all printers as shown in Figure 6 of various printer, silica surface process is increased, to help the transfer printing by transfer printing subsystem 650 to toner.These process are the submicron particle condiment on toner particle surface.In in shown in Figure 14 and 15, do not perform transfer step, because toner chemical development is on recording medium 32.Therefore, in all fields, application does not comprise the dry ink of silica surface process.Silica can make dry black viscosity less, and causes satellite to form increase.Do not utilize silica in, less dry black particle (such as, 4 – 12 μm) can be utilized, thus resolving power is improved; The shortage of transfer step provides this advantage and does not increase satellite formation.

Fuser 1560 is suitable for the dry ink of permanent fixing deposition to recording medium 32.In instances, device 660(Fig. 6 is fused) be used as fuser 1560.In all fields, fuser 1560 comprises the fixing member 1562 of heating.

In all fields, fuser 1560 comprises microwave source, is thermal source afterwards.Recording medium 32 is first illuminated by microwave, to evaporate the hydrophilic liquid that at least some is deposited by liquid-sedimentation unit 1530.Some heat produced in hydrophilic liquid can be conducted or be radiated the dry ink be transferred on recording medium 32, are attached to recording medium 32 to make dry ink.Then, the dry ink on recording medium 32 is heated, with fixing dry ink to recording medium 32 by thermal source (such as, the fixing member 1562 of heating).In all fields, forwarder comprises travelling belt 1581, and it keeps (such as, for electrostatically) recording medium 32.Dry ink is deposited on the dry black face 1538 of recording medium 32, away from travelling belt 1581.In these areas, utilize fuser 1570 instead of fuser 1560, to provide the finishing of expectation, such as glossiness modification.Fuser 1560 with 1570 can also arbitrary order by together with apply.

First and second rotatable element 1572,1574 are arranged respectively, and to form folder district 1571, travelling belt 1581 and recording medium 32 are through this folder district 1571.First rotatable element 1572 is arranged on the dry black face 1538 of recording medium 32.At least one of rotatable element 1572,1574 is heated, such as rotatable element 1572.

Tension element 1576 is arranged in the downstream of the first and second rotatable element 1572,1574 with recording medium 32 moving direction.Rotatable processing belt 1578 is dragged around the first rotatable element 1572 and tension element 1576.As a result, burble point 1577 is defined as the place that recording medium 32 is separated with processing belt 1578.Such as, be usually desirably in toner to be cooled to and to be less than its T _gtemperature time receiver and processing belt are separated.Heat be separated between required distance depend on process velocity---no matter receiver or processing belt whether be effectively cooled---with the temperature that toner is heated to.Processing belt 1578 has finishing or the texture of expectation, such as, for the smooth surface of glossiness printed matter or have grain surface for ferrotype product.The length of processing belt 1578 and rotational speed are selected, so that the dry ink on recording medium 32 is heated above its glass transition temperature (Tg) by rotatable element 1572,1574 by that heating, and the dry ink on recording medium 32 was cooled to lower than T before arrival burble point 1577 _g.

Device shown in method shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 can be used for paper or for porous or half porous recording medium, as mentioned above.Figure 10 A – 10G shows the example of the half porous recording medium 32 receiving ink droplets 910, and ink droplets 910 represents the hydrophilic liquid utilizing and be suitable for the arbitrary equipment of image forming mode deposit hydrophilic liquid deposition.Figure 10 C display recording medium 32 surface moistening.Figure 10 D shows the dry black particle 920 be deposited on ink.This is contrary with Fig. 9 A – 9F, the example of the event of its display and Figure 10 A – 10F same sequence, but on porous receiver.

Recording medium can utilize corona or roller charger to be charged (step 1430, Figure 14).Recording medium is inserted into the inking surface being deposited on paper in charhing unit with electric charge.The back surface of recording medium keeps contiguous with electrode such as ground-electrode.The example of electrode comprises sheet metal and roller.

Do ink when water wettability and be deposited on Mo Shangshi, the dry ink of at least some deposition adheres to water wettability ink, and ink is drawn onto in dry black particle or around it.If dry ink is hydrophilic---it comprises wettable composition.Wettable composition is such material such as solid, and its surface energy is greater than 45 ergs/cm ², as measured by following: such as utilize the contact angle of the compression of diiodomethane and this material of aquametry or fusion solid, polarity and dispersion contribution are added into surface energy and utilize Good-Girifalco method of approximation to estimate interfacial energy.

In all fields, dry ink is hydrophilic or comprises water wettability condiment such as water wettability silica, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide or other hydrophilic ceramic goods and salt.Accrete diameter can be less than about 100nm, to avoid interference the visual interest of printing images.

In all fields, dry ink has open cell porous structure and comprises water wettability condiment.This allows the how black solvent of dry ink absorption.

Printer based on toner has the consumptive material except toner, and it increases the cost producing printed matter.These consumptive materials comprise the interchangeable assembly of operator such as photoreceptor, transferring member, fusion device roller and cleaning brush and blade.Therefore, the method reducing the cost producing printed matter is needed.

Describe various two benches print system.The instruction such as U.S. Patent number 4,312,268 to King utilizes the liquid being applied to continuous roll web.After liquid is applied to roll web, excessive fusible powder is applied to roll web.Some powder adherence are in liquid, and the powder do not adhered to is removed from roll web, and then heating mandrel paper is with dry liquid and fusion dusty material.Dusty material provides the color of expectation or aesthetic quality or protective nature.In this process, the toner of q.s is utilized and removes, and effectively makes this toner present as discarded object.And each toner deposition requires moistening and heating mandrel paper more again.Therefore, for producing Full-color prints, need at least four circulations corresponding to cyan, magenta, yellow and black toner deposition.Because fusion toner and evaporating liquid, especially water, be strong energy, this process may be expensive.

U.S. Patent number 5,563,694, Katayama, instruction forms the device of relief image.Katayama instruction utilizes electrophotographic printer to form initial toner image on paper.Then toner on initial pictures paper utilizes corona charging device to be charged, and the polyamide resin powders of particle diameter between 0.2 and 0.8mm is applied to charged toner.Because U.S. Patent number 5,563, the design of 694 needs electrophotographic printing, and it can not make print speed printing speed improve.And 5,563,694 instructions do not apply primary particles, and paper conducts electricity very much and can not retain the electrostatic charge of applying.

Therefore, for producing sub-image more quickly to increase based on the method for the printer output of toner and to exist needs for the method for producing printed matter at lower cost.

Figure 16 is presented at method paper producing printed matter.Process starts from step 1610.In step 1610, the selected zone of paper or paper roll is dried, makes its water cut be no more than the water cut of balance to the paper of 20%RH.This increases the resistance of paper, so that it will retain the electric charge sufficiently long time, to allow toner to be deposited on paper, as above discusses by reference to Fig. 12 – 13.

In all fields, such as, by making it static until its balance carrys out dry paper in dry air, by paper being remained in environmental chamber or by making paper through holding the container of drying agent such as lime chloride.In other side, paper is dried by heating.The isolated noncontact firing equipment with paper can be used, the film such as heated, the line of heating or microwave radiation source, IR or RF energy.Paper is also by the element with heating, and the plate of such as heat or the roller of heating contact and heated.Paper is preferably heated at least 110 DEG C and is not preferably heated to the temperature that will paper caused aging, described such as aging, foaming, jaundice, brittle or burning.Step 1620 after step 1610.

In step 1620, hydrophilic liquid is selected in fluid pattern completing in dry latter 15 seconds to be deposited on the selected zone of all or part of paper.Equipment such as above-mentioned ink-jet printer can be used for deposit liquid.Fluid pattern can image forming mode.Hydrophilic liquid can comprise water as solvent, maybe can comprise other hydrophilic liquid, such as has the alcohol of 4 or less carbon, such as methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butanols or 1,2-ethylene glycol." above " of paper is defined as the face of the paper of deposit liquid on it; " back side " of paper is other face." above " and " back side " act on second time printed on both sides thing is reversed in the process of printer.

In all fields, hydrophilic liquid is comprising toner, and dry ink is not comprising toner.This respect has effect for generation, and the typographic ink-jet produced print in such as glossiness surface, or hot type can be useful.Ink jet image can utilize painted ink to produce, and can use transparent dry ink particle, to provide modification or texture.

In all fields, dry powder color can comprise the toner particle of diameter between 4 μm and 25 μm.

In all fields, the paper surface applying fluid pattern is porous surface.In instances, paper does not comprise potter's clay coating in its surface.Such paper is sold usually used as pound paper (or glazing paper, it has more smooth non-coated surface).

In all fields, paper has semi-porous surface.The paper bag with such surface draws together the typography paper with potter's clay coating, such as, and WarrenOffsetEnamel, PotlatchVintageGloss, PotlatchVintageVelvet or Kromekote.

Step 1630 after step 1620.

In step 1630, paper is charged, so that the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on paper, wherein region of discharge corresponds to and selects fluid pattern.In all fields, paper is arranged between bias voltage supporting element and charge member.Bias voltage supporting element can be plate, and preferably electrical ground.The paper back side preferably contacts supporting element.In all fields, recording medium is sent on conductive strips, and band is supporting element.

In all fields, paper is charged to electromotive force between 100V and 1000V, has the electric charge of the first polarity.Fluid pattern---receives the region of hydrophilic liquid---and more conducts electricity than non-ejection region on above.As a result, fluid pattern does not retain the electric charge of applying.In arid region outside the fluid pattern that electric charge remains on paper.

Step 1640 after step 1630.

In step 1640, charging dry powder color---its sign is identical with the electric charge in charged area on paper---is deposited on the toner pattern in paper, and described toner pattern corresponds to the selection fluid pattern in selected zone, although not necessarily consistent.Due to the random nature of dry powder color deposition process, toner pattern can depart from fluid pattern.

For deposition toner, paper is made to operate the upper bias voltage developing station close to comprising dry powder color.The electric charge of toner has the first polarity, the same with the electric charge in paper arid region.Bias voltage in developing station has the first identical polarity.This is region of discharge development (DAD) process.After deposition, dry powder color passes through power, and---comprising Van der Waals force---is retained in paper on the surface.

In all fields, the magnitude of the bias voltage in developing station is less than on paper arid region, so that the dry powder color of contiguous paper is driven to the region of discharge corresponding to fluid pattern.In all fields, the bias voltage being applied to developing station is less than the bias voltage being applied to paper drying nest, but is greater than the bias voltage in the moistening part of paper.In all fields, developing station is magnetic developer station described above, or gasoloid or powder spray developing station.

Step 1650 after step 1640.

In step 1650, toner by forever fixing (such as, fuse) to paper.This is by making the recording medium of load chart through to be heated and pressure has come higher than its glass transition temperature Tg to improve toner temperature, that is, the temperature of raising toner, so that toner is viscosity but not glass.Viscosity toner particle adheres to recording medium and other toner particle of adhering, to form coherent toner block.Pressure forces toner particle to flow together and impels the adhesion to paper.In all fields, the printed matter with high gloss is under heat and pressure, by the smooth surface of printing paper of casting, and such as nickel or polyamide tape and produce.This can carry out after fixing or replace fixing and carry out.Toner on printed matter is cooled lower than T _g, then it separates with band.

In all fields, produce sense of touch printed matter.Sense of touch printed matter is the printed matter with the relief feature arrived by tactile sensation.Example comprises Braille printed matter, hot type printed matter and burr reason printed matter.At some in these in, the volume weighted median diameter being deposited on the toner on paper is at least 20 μm.At some in these in, toner is transparent or uncoloured, or not containing colorant.Thus toner provides texture and the not obvious outward appearance affecting the arbitrary content that toner exists below.At some in these in, transparent toner is employed together with contain the hydrophilic liquid of toner such as dyestuff or pigment.This provides such printed matter, and it has coloured image or other patterns of being printed by hydrophilic liquid and the tactile feature formed by the transparent toner on these patterns.

In all fields, the toner be deposited on paper comprises thermoplastic polymer bonding agent.In activation (such as, by heat or UV), in time, will be cross-linked some these bonding agents, and some these bonding agents can not.Fixing or on be exposed to heat in photoreduction process time, the latter, by deliquescing, then returns to glassy state when they cool.The toner comprising foregoing type bonding agent is called as " heat curing-type toner " in this article.The toner comprising latter type bonding agent is called as in this article " fusion type toner ".When toner is deposited on recording medium, the bonding agent of heat curing-type toner and fusion type toner is all in hot plastic state.After heat curing-type toner is fixing, its bonding agent is in thermoset state.

In fix steps 1650, heat or pressure are applied to fusion type toner.In fix steps 1650, heat curing-type toner is activated, so that its bonding agent starts crosslinked instead of deliquescing.As activation its bonding agent part or except activating its bonding agent, heat curing-type toner also can be heated---before activation or activation after.

In all fields, application heat curing-type toner.Hydrophilic liquid and bonding agent do not have obvious chemical interaction, and bonding agent is cross-linked by during activation in fix steps 1650.

In all fields, application heat curing-type toner.Hydrophilic liquid and heat curing-type toner chemically reactive, be cross-linked to cause toner.This reaction can occur when contacting in deposition step 1640, or occurs when activating in fix steps 1650.

In all fields, " thermosetting toner " (relative with heat curing-type toner) deposits in step 1640.Thermosetting toner is such toner: when it is deposited on paper, its bonding agent has been in thermoset state (that is, being cross-linked).In these areas, be protection step 1655 after fix steps 1650.In protection step 1655, protective materials such as varnish is applied to the paper of load thermosetting toner.Thermosetting toner is adhered to recording medium by protective materials.In all fields, hydrophilic liquid is bonding agent.Thermosetting toner adheres to paper by hydrophilic liquid.

The present invention includes the combination of aspect described herein.Mention that " concrete aspect " and analog refer to the feature existed in the present invention is at least one.Mention that separately " aspect " or " concrete aspect " or analog might not refer to identical aspect or many aspects; But such aspect is not mutually repel, illustrates except being far from it or be apparent for those skilled in the art.To mention in " method " or " multiple method " and analog to the use of odd number or plural number it not being restrictive.Term "or" is employed with non-exclusive meaning in this disclosure, unless clearly stated in another manner.

Component list

20 continuous printing systems

22 image sources

24 graphics processing units

26 mechanism control circuits

28 forming devices

30 printheads

32 recording mediums

34 recording medium transfer systems

36 recording medium conveying control systems

38 microcontrollers

40 storage containers

42 drip catchers

44 recycle unit

46 pressure governors

47 black manifolds

48 jet modules

49 nozzle plates

More than 50 nozzle

51 well heaters

52 filaments

54 droplets

56 drip greatly

57 tracks

58 drips

60 air flow deflector mechanisms

61 positive pressure airflow structures

62 air-flows

63 negative pressure air flow structures

64 deflecting regions

66 droplet tracks

68 drip track greatly

Component list---continue

72 first airflow lines

74 lower walls

76 upper walls

78 second airflow lines

82 upper walls

84 seals

86 liquid return pipe roads

88 plates

Before 90

92 positive pressure sources

94 negative source

96 walls

400 ink jet-print heads

401 inkjet printer systems

402 image data source

404 controllers

405 graphics processing units

406 electrical pulse source

408 first-class body sources

409 second body sources

410 ink jet-print head dies

411 substrates

420 first jet arrays

421 nozzles (one or more)

422 black transport way (for first jet array)

430 second nozzle arrays

431 nozzles (one or more)

432 black transport way (for second nozzle array)

481 droplets (one or more) (injection of first jet array)

482 droplets (one or more) (injection of second nozzle array)

Component list---continue

500 printer bases

502 paper are loaded into direction

503 print areas

504 medium working direction

505 slide direction of scanning

On the right side of 506 printer bases

507 printer chassis left side

508 printer front of chassis

After 509 printer bases

510 holes (for paper ongoing engine driven wheel)

511 intake roller gears

512 intake rollers

513 sense of rotation (intake roller) forward

530 maintenance consoles

540 slides

550 print head assemblies

562 multicell ink casees

564 single chamber ink casees

580 slide engines

582 carriage rail

583 scrambler fence

584 bands

590 printer electronics plates

592 cable connectors

600 printers

621 chargers

621a voltage source

622 exposure subsystems

623 toning stations

623a voltage source

Component list---continue

625 photoreceptors

625a voltage source

632A, 632B recording medium

638 printing images

639 fused image

640 feeding units

650 transfer printing subsystems

660 fusion devices

662 fuse rollers

664 pressure rolls

665 fusion folder districts

668 release fluids application stations

669 output panels

670 modify device

681 transmit roll web

686 cleaning

691,692,693,694,695,696 printing modules

699 logics and control module (LCU)

700 input Pixel-level

705 workflow inputs

710 images-process path

720 output pixel levels

750 add net unit

760 site Pixel-level

770 printer cores

810 data handling systems

820 peripheral systems

830 user interface systems

840 data-storage systems

910 ink droplets

Component list---continue

920 dry black particles

1105 printing images

1110 noncontact fuse step

1115 viscosity images

1120 fuse step

1125 fused image

1130 polishing step

1135 glossiness images

1410 dry paper steps

1420 in fluid pattern deposit liquid step

1430 paper feeding charge step

The dry black step of 1440 deposition

1445 dry paper steps

1450 fixing dry black steps

1455 coated paper steps

1460 remove dry black step

1520 dryers

1530 liquid-sedimentation unit

1532 regions

1538 dry black faces

1540 charge members

1541,1544 electrodes

1545 sources

1550 developing station

1551 toning elements

1552 sources of supply

1553 voltage sources

1554 area electrodes

1555 voltage sources

1557 dry ink-eliminating equipments

Component list---continue

1559 dryers

1560 fuser

1562 fixing members

1570 fuser

1571 folder districts

1572,1574 rotatable element

1576 tension elements

1577 burble points

1578 processing belt

1581 travelling belts

1610 dry paper steps

1620 in fluid pattern deposit liquid step

1630 paper feeding charge step

1640 deposition toner steps

1650 fixing toner steps

1655 coated paper steps

D interval

X-axis

Y-axis

Claims

1. on paper, produce the method for printed matter, comprising:

Completing in dry latter 15 seconds, in the selection fluid pattern of deposit hydrophilic liquid on the selected zone of described paper, so that described paper resistivity in described selection fluid pattern is not more than 5 × 10 ¹¹Ω cm.;

Described paper is charged, so that the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on described paper, wherein said region of discharge corresponds to described selection fluid pattern;

To correspond to the dry black pattern selecting fluid pattern described in described selected zone, the dry ink of deposition charging is on described paper, and the sign that ink is done in described charging is identical with the electric charge in described charged area on described paper; With

Fixing described dry ink on described paper,

So that the maximum reflection density of described printed matter is at least 1.5.

2. method according to claim 1, utilizes inkjet deposited described hydrophilic liquid, and wherein said hydrophilic liquid is water wettability ink.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophilic liquid comprising toner and described dry ink not comprising toner.

4. method according to claim 1, wherein said dry ink comprises the particle of diameter between 4 μm and 25 μm.

5. method according to claim 1, wherein said dry ink comprises dry black particle and not included in the submicron particle condiment on described dry black particle surface.

6. on half porous recording medium, produce the method for printed matter, comprising:

The selected zone of dry half porous recording medium, makes its water cut be no more than the water cut of the recording medium be balanced to 20%RH;

Completing in dry latter 15 seconds, on the selected zone of described recording medium, deposit hydrophilic liquid is in selection fluid pattern, so that the moistening image-region corresponding to the described recording medium of described selection fluid pattern of described hydrophilic liquid, further, the resistivity of the humidification zones of described half porous recording medium is not more than 5 × 10 ¹¹Ω cm;

Described recording medium is charged, so that the charge pattern in charging and discharging region is formed on described recording medium, wherein said region of discharge corresponds to described image-region; With

The dry ink of deposition charging on described recording medium, the sign that ink is done in described charging is identical with the electric charge in the described charged area on described recording medium, described dry ink is deposited on corresponding to selecting described in described selected zone in the dry black pattern of fluid pattern, described dry ink is at least partial hydrophilicity, so that the dry ink of described deposition adheres to described hydrophilic liquid, and hydrophilic liquid described at least some is drawn onto in the dry ink of described deposition or around it.

7. method according to claim 6, wherein said hydrophilic liquid comprises suspends colorants, described method comprises further removes from described recording medium the dry ink deposited described at least some, and suspends colorants is more thus retained on described recording medium after described dry ink is removed.

8. method according to claim 6, wherein said dry ink comprises open-pored porous and does black particle, and described dry black particle comprises water wettability condiment.

9. method according to claim 6, wherein said dry ink comprises dry black particle and does not comprise the submicron particle condiment on described dry black particle surface.

10. method according to claim 6, after being included in the described dry ink of deposition further and before fixing described dry ink, the described selected zone of dry described recording medium.

11. electrical image methods produce the method for toner image on paper, and described method comprises:

Completing in dry latter 15 seconds, the selection part of the selected zone of moistening described paper, to provide the fluid sub-image of the moistening part corresponding to described paper, limits arid region thus outside fluid sub-image described in described selected zone;

Described paper is charged, so that the paper in described arid region has selection electromotive force; With

Deposition charging dry powder color is in described selected zone, and the sign of described toner is identical with described selection electromotive force, so that described toner adheres to paper in described fluid latent image.

12. methods according to claim 11, wherein said toner comprises the particle of diameter between 4 μm and 25 μm.

13. methods according to claim 11, wherein said toner is not comprising toner.

14. methods according to claim 11, wherein said toner comprises toner particle and does not comprise the submicron particle condiment on described toner particle surface.

15. methods according to claim 14, the diameter of wherein said toner particle is between 4 μm and 12 μm.