CN103842723A - Separatorless boiler - Google Patents

Separatorless boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103842723A
CN103842723A CN201380003243.4A CN201380003243A CN103842723A CN 103842723 A CN103842723 A CN 103842723A CN 201380003243 A CN201380003243 A CN 201380003243A CN 103842723 A CN103842723 A CN 103842723A
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China
Prior art keywords
water level
water
boiler
designated
electrode
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Granted
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CN201380003243.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103842723B (en
Inventor
增田幸一
田中孝典
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Miura Co Ltd
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Miura Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D5/00Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
    • F22D5/26Automatic feed-control systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/02Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially straight water tubes
    • F22B21/04Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially straight water tubes involving a single upper drum and a single lower drum, e.g. the drums being arranged transversely
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D5/00Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems
    • Y10T137/7306Electrical characteristic sensing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

In the present invention, it is possible to obtain a desired degree of dryness, water pipe over heating is prevented, and furthermore the risk of corrosion of a can body is decreased. The separatorless boiler is provided with: a downcast pipe (84) that interconnects the bottom within an upper header (24) and a lower header (22); and a control means (70) that performs a first control that controls a water supply means (60) in a manner so that the water level in the can body decreases when the water level detected by an external water level detection means (50) exceeds a first set water level, and a second control that controls the water supply means (60) in a manner so that the water level in the can body rises when the detected water level becomes no greater than a second set water level that is lower than the first set water level. The first set water level is set to the water level of the limit degree of dryness, the height of the upper header is set in a manner so that the degree of dryness of the water vapor flowing out from the upper header by means of the first control is at least the set degree of dryness, and the second set water level is set to a water level that is at least the overheating threshold water level and that causes the circulation ratio of can water resulting from the downcast pipe (84) to be at least a set value.

Description

Without separator boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler that the water yield is few of possessing of boiler drum.No. 2012-060540, the Japanese Patent Application of the application based on filing an application to Japan on March 16th, 2012 and advocate priority, and here cite its content.
Background technology
As patent documentation 1, link between upper tank and bottom water tank and form, in the time that the burning of burner stops, becoming in the boiler (possessing less water yield boiler) of boiler drum structure of the low state in the upper end of the water table ratio water pipe in described water pipe at the multiple water pipes that heated by burned device, in the time that the water level in water pipe is too high, it is fierce that boiling in water pipe becomes, many water droplets and steam are together discharged from upper tank, and existence cannot obtain the such problem of steam that aridity is high.On the other hand, in the time that the water level in water pipe is too low, the aridity of boiler drum outlet rises, but the top that can produce water pipe is because of the problem of the overheated distortion of heat of burning etc.And then in the time that the combustion load of boiler changes, its water level is also different, therefore guarantee that aridity uprises, also can not produce overheated water level very difficult.
And then, the concentrated impact of possessing less aridity in water yield boiler and be also subject to the water (boiler water) in water pipe.In the time concentrating because of evaporation boiler water, the water droplet amount accompanying with steam due to the foaming (foaming) of boiler water increases, and under identical water level, aridity reduces further.
In order to tackle such problem, existing boiler possesses separator.The steam of low aridity flows into from upper tank to separator, and the so-called carbonated drink of carrying out the moisture in low aridity steam to remove in this separator separates.Then, from separator, steam high aridity is supplied with to load-side.
Formerly technical literature
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2010-78204 communique
Brief summary of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
But the making that possesses the such separator of the disclosed structure of patent documentation 1 is more difficult, and then the position checking after making is more etc., therefore, in the case of being formed as possessing the structure of separator, producing cost and uprises such problem.On the other hand, in the case of being formed as not possessing the structure of separator, existence cannot obtain the such problem of steam of desired aridity.
Summary of the invention
The situation of the present invention based on above-mentioned and completing, its object is, provide a kind of do not possess separator without separator boiler, and provide a kind of and can obtain desired aridity, can anti-antipriming pipe overheated so that reduce boiler drum corrosion risk, possess the water yield few without separator boiler.
Solution
The present application completes in view of above-mentioned problem, it is a kind of without separator boiler that the invention that first aspect is recorded provides, this possesses without separator boiler: boiler drum, its multiple water pipes that heated by burned device link between upper tank and bottom water tank and form, in the time that the burning of described burner stops, becoming the low state in upper end of water pipe described in the water table ratio in described water pipe; Water supply mechanism, it for supplying with boiler feed water in described boiler drum; Outside water level detecting mechanism, it is arranged on the outside of described boiler drum, via communicating pipe being communicated with and boiler drum inside and outside water level is detected with the inner space of described upper tank and the inner space of described bottom water tank respectively, controlling organization, it controls the action of described water supply mechanism according to the sensed water level being detected by described outside water level detecting mechanism, it is characterized in that
Described also possess the downcomer that bottom in described upper tank and described bottom water tank are communicated with without separator boiler,
Described controlling organization carries out the first control and second to be controlled, and first controls and be: in the time that the sensed water level being detected by described outside water level detecting mechanism exceedes the first designated water level, so that the action of water supply mechanism described in the mode control that in boiler drum, water level reduces; The second control is: below described sensed water level becomes than the second low designated water level of described the first designated water level time, so that the action of water supply mechanism described in the mode control that in boiler drum, water level rises,
Described the first designated water level is set as aridity boundary water level, and set the height of described upper tank, make to utilize described first to control so that more than the aridity of the steam flowing out from described upper tank becomes and set aridity, described the second designated water level is to be set as being made as water level more than setting value more than degree of superheat boundary water level and by the recycle ratio of the boiler water based on described downcomer.It should be noted that, will " exceed " and replace with " more than " and will " below " replace with " deficiency ", be also contained in the present invention.
The invention of recording according to first aspect, described the first designated water level is set as aridity boundary water level and sets the height of described upper tank, make to utilize described first to control so that more than the aridity of the steam flowing out from described upper tank becomes and set aridity, therefore even if for also can maintain the aridity of regulation without separator.In addition, described the second designated water level is to be set as being made as water level more than setting value more than degree of superheat boundary water level and by the recycle ratio of the boiler water based on described downcomer, therefore can either the overheated while of anti-antipriming pipe can maintain by the circulation of boiler water of having passed through described downcomer again the recycle ratio of the boiler water of regulation.
In addition, the invention that second aspect is recorded, on the basis of first aspect, is characterized in that, according to any or multiple described the first designated water level and/or the second designated water level adjusted in the enrichment of described boiler drum internal pressure, supply water temperature, boiler water.
The invention of recording according to second aspect, the effect that the invention of recording except first aspect produces, the effect that also can be achieved as follows: even if any in the enrichment of described boiler drum internal pressure, supply water temperature, boiler water or multiple such effect of recycle ratio that changes and also can maintain the such effect of the aridity of regulation and/or can either can maintain again regulation the overheated while of anti-antipriming pipe.
In addition, the present invention that the third aspect is recorded is on the basis of first aspect, it is characterized in that, the detection of described the first designated water level and described the second designated water level is undertaken by the electrode sharing, the judgement of described the first designated water level based on described controlling organization described electrode have water detect after carry out immediately or own water detect after the first setting-up time, carry out, the judgement of described the second designated water level is carried out immediately or is carried out after the second setting-up time from anhydrous detection after the anhydrous detection of described electrode.
The invention of recording according to the third aspect, the effect that the invention of recording except first aspect produces, the effect that also can be achieved as follows: by adjusting each setting-up time, can maintain the such effect of the aridity of regulation and/or can either can maintain again the such effect of recycle ratio of regulation the overheated while of anti-antipriming pipe.
And then, the present invention that fourth aspect is recorded is on the basis of first aspect, it is characterized in that, described outside water level detecting mechanism possesses the first electrode that detects the first designated water level and the second electrode that detects the second designated water level, the judgement of described the first designated water level based on described controlling organization described the first electrode have water detect after carry out immediately or own water detect after the 3rd setting-up time, carry out, the judgement of described the second designated water level is carried out immediately or is carried out after the 4th setting-up time from anhydrous detection after the anhydrous detection of described the second electrode.
The invention of recording according to fourth aspect, the effect that the invention of recording except first aspect produces, the effect that also can be achieved as follows: by the first electrode and second electrode of described outside water level detecting mechanism, can maintain the such effect of the aridity of regulation and/or can either can maintain again the such effect of recycle ratio of regulation the overheated while of anti-antipriming pipe.
Invention effect
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of and can obtain desired aridity, can anti-antipriming pipe overheated so that reduce boiler drum corrosion risk, possess the water yield few without separator boiler.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the brief configuration figure that represents the longitudinal profile of the structure of the related boiler of embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the control sequence of explanation embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of another control sequence of explanation embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the brief configuration figure that represents the longitudinal profile of the structure of the related boiler of embodiments of the invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the outside condensate tank of dehumidifier of the related boiler of embodiments of the invention 3.
Fig. 6 is the brief configuration figure that represents the longitudinal profile of the schematic construction of the related boiler of embodiments of the invention 4.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Below, with reference to figure 1 for embodiments of the invention 1 related, the boiler that do not possess separator (is called without separator boiler, below is only called boiler.) 10 describe.
The structure > of < embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, boiler 10 possesses: boiler drum 20; The burner 30 that can switch between high combustion and low burning; Refractory piece 40; Outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50; Supply-water pump 60; Control part 70.Among these, boiler drum 20 is using boiler barrel cover 21, bottom water tank 22, water pipe 23 and upper tank 24 as main structural element.
Among these, sheet material is formed as cylindric forming by boiler barrel cover 21, covers water pipe 23 and by this water pipe 23 and external isolation.Bottom water tank 22 is formed as the ring-type of hollow, is connected with feed pipe 80 at these bottom water tank 22 places, can supply with boiler feed water to bottom water tank 22 via this feed pipe 80.In addition, at bottom water tank, 22 places are also connected with main drainpipe 81, are provided with main draining valve 82 on this main drainpipe 81.By opening this main draining valve 82, the boiler water that is present in the inner space 22A in bottom water tank 22 can be discharged to outside.At this, boiler water is the boiler feed water of pointing to inside (bottom water tank 22, the water pipe 23 etc.) importing of boiler drum 20.
And, on bottom water tank 22, be connected with the lower end side of water pipe 23.This water pipe 23 is the tubular elements that are communicated with respectively and store boiler water with bottom water tank 22 and upper tank 24.In addition, by utilizing the burning of burner 30 to carry out heating pipe 23, make the boiler water boiling of the inside of this water pipe 23.Each water pipe 23 extends along vertical direction in Fig. 1.In the present embodiment 1, water pipe 23 disposes multiple.In the arrangement of above-mentioned water pipe 23, there is the outside water pipe row 23A configuring along the first circumference that leaves the first radius from the center radially of boiler drum 20 and the inner side water pipe row 23B configuring along the second circumference that leaves the second radius less than the first radius from the center radially of boiler drum 20.But water pipe 23 is not limited to have outside water pipe row 23A and inner side these two row of water pipe row 23B, can only have row, more than also can having three row.
In addition, the upper end side of each water pipe 23 is connected in upper tank 24.The bubble and the steam that under effect because of the boiling phenomenon in water pipe 23 interior generations, generate together flow into upper tank 24.Upper tank 24 is identically formed the ring-type into hollow with above-mentioned bottom water tank 22.At this, in the following description, the space of the inside of the formation hollow of upper tank 24 is made as to inner space 24A.This inner space 24A is communicated with the opening portion 23s of water pipe 23, on the other hand, is communicated with the opening portion 83s of the main steam pipe 83 flowing out for steam.In addition, in the following description, the space of the inside of the formation hollow of bottom water tank 22 is called to inner space 22A.
As mentioned above, the structure of the boiler drum 20 in the present embodiment 1 is by forming at the multiple water pipes 23 of vertical link between bottom water tank 22 and upper tank 24.
So, upper tank 24 in the present embodiment 1, by the combination of the water level control (first controls) that maintains with aridity described later, will more be set greatlyr by the size in vertical direction than bottom water tank 22 and existing upper tank 24 so that the aridity of steam is made as the mode of setting more than aridity.,, in the boiler 10 in the present embodiment 1, although separator is not set, make upper tank 24 carry out the function that carbonated drink that described separator brings into play separates.Therefore,, in the 24A of the inner space of upper tank 24, the function separating in order to bring into play carbonated drink, becomes than the inner space 22A of bottom water tank 22 more by the larger-size structure in vertical direction.
So, the opening portion 23s that the size in the vertical direction of the inner space 24A of increase upper tank 24 refers to the water pipe 23 that increases the bottom surface from being positioned at upper tank 24 is till the distance of the stream of the opening portion 83s of the main steam pipe 83 being connected with the end face of upper tank 24.And, between two opening portions the expansion of the distance of the stream of (between opening portion 23s and opening portion 83s) with realize the function that carbonated drink separates and be associated.
At this, in existing upper tank 24, the size of the vertical direction of the size of the vertical direction of its inner space 24A and the inner space 22A of bottom water tank 22 becomes same degree.Correspondingly thereto, as shown in Figure 1, the upper tank 24 in the present embodiment 1 becomes more than bottom water tank 22 more by the large structure of size in the vertical direction of inner space 24A.Particularly, the height of the inner space 24A of upper tank 24 becomes in order to obtain the following distance height of (time), and described distance (time) is that the drop of diameter tens μ m contained in steam overcomes the steam of rising and consequently from steam, separates needed distance (time) by gravitational settling.For example, be 0.1~0.5m/sec left and right, for the height dimension that obtains the needed inner space 24A of desired aridity (setting aridity) is bottom line 200mm in the rate of climb of steam.
But, typically, the performance that known carbonated drink separates has following rule: the speed of the steam of rising is slower, performance more improves, if the height of inner space 24A is higher in addition, performance more improves, but in the present embodiment 1, in the case of the height of inner space 24A be below 200mm, water droplet is separatory deficiency of time from steam, locates to obtain the aridity of desired steam in the outlet (opening portion 83s) of boiler drum 20.On the other hand, in the case of the height of inner space 24A be more than 700mm, can it doesn't matter that ground obtains desired aridity with enrichment.But, because of the difference of the enrichment of boiler water, even if also can obtain desired aridity at the height of inner space 24A in the situation that between 200mm to 700mm.Therefore, in the case of the height of inner space 24A is made as more than 700mm, large owing to making size cross quantitative change, because weight increase etc. can not become compact structure, thus unfavorable aspect cost.
Thereby the size in the vertical direction of the inner space 24A of above-mentioned upper tank 24 need to be more than aridity height threshold or the size larger than aridity height threshold.At this, aridity height threshold refers to for making the steam (steam-water mixing fluid described later) of discharging from inner space 24A become the threshold value of the size vertical direction desired aridity, inner space 24A.This aridity height threshold waits and obtains by experiment.
And the inner space 24A of ring-type among upper tank 24, hollow is provided with spoiler 25.Spoiler 25 in the present embodiment 1 so that plate face direction is located at inner space 24A with the parallel mode of direction vertical with vertical direction.
At this, covering steam and the contained moisture of steam (the following description, is steam-water mixing fluid by steam and the contained moisture address of steam from opening portion 23s to not existing opening portion 83s.) the situation of member under, the possibility that exists moisture and steam together linearly to flow into property towards the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83.But in the situation that spoiler 25 is located at inner space 24A, from opening portion 23s to opening portion 83s, steam-water mixing fluid is covered mobile by spoiler 25.Thus, the contained moisture of steam-water mixing fluid does not linearly flow to property, and steam and spoiler 25 collide, and then the moisture zoarium in steam falls thus.In addition, compared with not there is not the situation of spoiler 25, the state of spended time till steam arrives opening portion 83.Therefore, the major part of the contained moisture of steam, because arriving till opening portion 83s spended time gravity fall occurs or being attached to spoiler 25 or the inwall of upper tank 24 etc., becomes the state of the opening portion 83s that does not arrive main steam pipe 83 thus., spoiler 25 forms the stream extending mechanism that stream that steam-water mixing fluid is advanced extends.As mentioned above, spoiler 25 has the function of the performance of further raising carbonated drink separation.
To this, the details of the shape to spoiler 25 are described, and in the time overlooking observation spoiler 25, this spoiler 25 is set in the form of a ring., spoiler 25 is arranged in the roughly whole region of annular section of inner space 24A.And, between the outer circumferential side of spoiler 25 and inwall 24c, be provided with gap A.On the other hand, at the inner circumferential side place of spoiler 25, circumferentially utilize the methods such as welding to be installed on inwall 24c at multiple positions along it.Therefore, among the inner circumferential side of spoiler 25 and inwall 24c, do not utilize the position of the method installations such as welding to have gap B.Wherein, the interval of gap B is less than the interval of gap A.
But, also can replace the structure shown in Fig. 1, for example, be provided with along with the spoiler 25 tilting towards outer circumferential side and downward from inner circumferential side.In this case, also preferably between the outer circumferential side below in spoiler 25 and inwall 24c, be provided with the gap same with above-mentioned gap A, also the gap same with above-mentioned gap B can be arranged between the inner circumferential side and inwall 24c of spoiler 25.In addition, also can be provided with along with the spoiler 25 tilting towards inner circumferential side and downward from outer circumferential side.In this case, also preferably between the inner circumferential side below in spoiler 25 and inwall 24c, be provided with the gap same with above-mentioned gap A, also the gap same with above-mentioned gap B can be arranged between the outer circumferential side and inwall 24c of spoiler 25.
And then, replacing above-mentioned structure, spoiler 25 is not structure in the form of a ring, is not present in the roughly whole region of annular section of inner space 24A, and can be the structure that is circular-arc yet.This structure is to make spoiler 25 be present in the structure of the part in the annular section of inner space 24A.In this case, also can be in the end of circular arc, outer circumferential side or inner circumferential side arrange lack part.
So spoiler 25 is positioned at upper side in the 24A of the inner space of upper tank 24.Therefore,, for the moisture in the steam-water mixing fluid arriving when spoiler 25, compared with the situation that is positioned at lower side with this spoiler 25, the moisture that is positioned at the situation of upper side becomes the state reducing because of gravity fall, to the collision of inwall 24c.In addition, when the steam-water mixing fluid being reduced when moisture like this and spoiler 25 collide, steam-water mixing fluid not can towards opening portion 83s linearity flow, correspondingly become cost and arrive the state of the time of opening portion 83s.As mentioned above, by spoiler 25 being located to the upper side of inner space 24A, the performance that the carbonated drink of spoiler 25 separates further improves.
At this, installation site for spoiler 25 describes, in above-mentioned structure, spoiler 25 is located at the upper side of inner space 24A, but spoiler 25 is located at the position of aridity height threshold illustrated in the first above-mentioned embodiment, the structure in the place of the threshold value of the size in the vertical direction of inner space 24A is also suitable according to being embodied as.
The limit positions of the upper side while on the other hand, being provided with spoiler 25 can be again involved in (can not be attracted) such height dimension and be determined by the steam flowing out from opening portion 83s by the moisture of the upper surface that is stranded in spoiler 25., the upper limit position of the installation site of spoiler 25 is set in the position that maintains the interval of regulation between the top board face of inner space 24A.
So in Fig. 1, the bottom of the inner space 24A of upper tank 24 is communicated with the upper end side of downcomer 84.The boiler water (this boiler water is mostly in concentrated situation) that this downcomer 84 makes to be present in inner space 24A returns to bottom water tank 22.Therefore, the lower end side of downcomer 84 is communicated with the inner space 22A of bottom water tank 22.And, be connected with concentrated drainpipe 85 at this downcomer 84, on this concentrated drainpipe 85, be provided with concentrated draining valve 86.By opening this concentrated draining valve 86, the boiler water after concentrated can be discharged to outside.At this, whether be that the judgement that is condensed into the boiler water that needs the degree of discharging is carried out in the following way, utilize the electrical conductivity determination sensor (omitting diagram) that electrical conductivity is measured to measure the electrical conductivity of the boiler water that is present in downcomer 84.
And, be provided with burner 30 in the upper side of boiler drum 20.Burner 30 is positioned at the annular distance (omission Reference numeral) of the formation ring-type of upper tank 24, and inner side (being made as below combustion chamber 21A) in the inside of boiler barrel cover 21, around being surrounded by water pipe 23 forms flame.For the burning in the 21A of this combustion chamber, to the air of burner 30 feed fuels and burning use.In addition, be provided with refractory piece 40 in the lower side of boiler drum 20.Bottom by the inaccessible boiler drum 20 of refractory piece 40 (the residing part of lower side (water pipe diameter shrinkage part) of water pipe 23 and than its part in the inner part), making thus becomes combustion chamber 21A than inner side water pipe row 23B by central side radially.And refractory piece 40 is also arranged on the residing part of upper side (water pipe diameter shrinkage part) in the upper side of inner side of boiler barrel cover 21, water pipe 23.
Then, outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50 is devices that the water level of the boiler water of the inside (bottom water tank 22, water pipe 23 etc.) to importing to boiler drum 20 detects.This outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50 possesses: water level application cylinder 51; Multiple electrodes, i.e. the first electrode 52S and the second electrode 52M.Water level when the first electrode 52S is used for low burning is controlled, and water level when the second electrode 52M is used for high combustion is controlled.Water level application cylinder 51 utilization can conducting metal and be formed as the general cylindrical shape shape of closed at both ends.The upper end of this water level application cylinder 51 is connected with the lower end of communicating pipe 87a, and the upper end of communicating pipe 87a is connected with the inner space 24A of upper tank 24.In addition, the bottom of water level application cylinder 51 is connected with the upper end of communicating pipe 87b, and the lower end of communicating pipe 87b is connected with the inner space 22A of bottom water tank 22.Thus, the upper end of water level application cylinder 51 and bottom are communicated with water pipe 23 respectively via upper tank 24 and bottom water tank 22, thereby realize the water level in the boiler identical with the boiler water importing to water pipe 23 in the inside of water level application cylinder 51.
And, to applying voltage between the first electrode 52M and the second electrode 52S and water level application cylinder 51.And, the variation of the voltage during according to the front end in contact of boiler water and the first electrode 52M and the second electrode 52S and the water level in water level application cylinder 51 is detected.
Then, supply-water pump 60 is connected with bottom water tank 22 via feed pipe 80, in the time moving under the control of control part 70, starts to supply water to bottom water tank 22.And the feed pipe 80 between bottom water tank 22 and supply-water pump 60 is provided with check-valves 89, prevent that the boiler water of supplying with is from bottom water tank 22 side direction supply-water pump 60 side adverse currents.
Control part 70 is transfused to the detection signal from the various sensors of outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50 grades, and the action of the driving part of burner 30, supply-water pump 60 etc. is managed in the water level control sequence storing according to this detection signal and based on preliminary election.This water level control sequence comprises the control sequence of high combustion water level and the control sequence of low burning water level.
(control sequence of high combustion water level)
High combustion water level control sequence (Fig. 2 illustrates an example) is configured to carries out the first control and the second control, this first is controlled and is: in the time that the sensed water level being detected by the first electrode 52M of outside water level detecting mechanism 50 exceedes high combustion the first designated water level H1, so that the mode that the interior water level of boiler drum 20 reduces is closed (stopping) supply-water pump 60, this second is controlled and is: when sensed water level becomes when firing the low height of the first designated water level H1 than height and firing the second designated water level H2 below, so that the mode of the interior water level rising of boiler drum 20 is opened (driving) supply-water pump 60.
High combustion the first designated water level H1 is set as in the time of high combustion cannot maintaining the water level (high combustion aridity boundary water level) of setting aridity when above when water level rises since then.In addition, the height setting of upper tank 24 is to utilize the first control that the aridity of the steam flowing out from upper tank 24 is become to set more than aridity.And then, when high combustion the second designated water level H2 is set as in the time of high combustion below water level reduces since then as more than the overheated water level of water pipe (high combustion degree of superheat boundary water level), the recycle ratio of the boiler water based on downcomer 84 is made as to water level more than setting value (setting recycle ratio).It should be noted that, set recycle ratio in the time of high combustion and when low burning, be set as identical, but also can be different.
And, in the present embodiment 1, the judgement that height based on controller 70 fires the first designated water level H1 from the first electrode 52M have water to detect to carry out after too high combustion the first setting-up time T1H, the judgement of high combustion the second designated water level H2 is carried out after the anhydrous detection from the first electrode 52M after too high combustion the second setting-up time T2H.
(control sequence of low burning water level)
Low burning water level control sequence (Fig. 3 illustrates an example) is similarly configured to and carries out the first control and the second control with the control sequence of high combustion water level, this first is controlled and is: when the sensed water level being detected by the second electrode 52S of outside water level detecting mechanism 50 exceedes while firing high low combustion the first designated water level L1 of the first designated water level H1 than height, so that the mode that the interior water level of boiler drum 20 reduces is closed supply-water pump 60, this second control is: below sensed water level becomes low combustion the second designated water level L2 lower than low combustion the first designated water level L1 and that the high combustion of ratio the second designated water level H2 is high time, so that the mode that the interior water level of boiler drum 20 rises is opened supply-water pump 60.
Aridity boundary water level when low combustion the first designated water level L1 is set as low burning.In addition, the height setting of upper tank 24 is more than the setting aridity while utilizing the first control to make the aridity of the steam flowing out from upper tank 24 become low burning.And then, low combustion the second designated water level L2 be set as more than described degree of superheat boundary water level, the recycle ratio of the boiler water based on downcomer 84 is made as to water level more than described setting value.
And, in the present embodiment 1, the judgement of low combustion the first designated water level L1 based on controller 70 is carried out after too low combustion the first setting-up time T1L in the water detection that has from the second electrode 52S, and the judgement of low combustion the second designated water level L2 is carried out after the anhydrous detection from the second electrode 52S after too low combustion the second setting-up time T2L.
(setting of recycle ratio)
At this, describe for the setting of the recycle ratio of the second control.In the time that recycle ratio is low, in bottom water tank 24, supply with the pH step-down of the part that has the water supply that pH is low, the risk of corrosion raises.Correspondingly thereto, in the time that recycle ratio is uprised, the high boiler water of the water supply that pH is low and the pH supplying with to bottom water tank 24 by downcomer 84 mixes and in boiler drum 20, remains suitable pH and reduce corrosion risk can make.And then, by the mixing of the low water supply of temperature and the high boiler water of temperature, boiler water entirety can be made as to higher Temperature Distribution, thereby can reduce the corrosion risk being caused by dissolved oxygen.
Recycle ratio is defined by (evaporation capacity+precipitation)/(output).Evaporation capacity is the vapor stream output from upper tank, and precipitation is the amount of the boiler water (recirculated water) that flows down by downcomer.At this, in the time of evaporation capacity=output, along with precipitation increase, recycle ratio becomes large.
Described second to control be to improve the structure that the recycle ratio of boiler water is object, is also by so that the mode that the interior water level of boiler drum 20 rises is controlled the sequential of supply-water pump 60, the sequential that is about to be judged as the second designated water level that is reduced to boiler drum 20 interior water levels after the first control is made as water level and is reduced to target circulation than the structure of the sequential of designated water level.Target circulation is made as the overheated high water level of overheated boundary water level that prevents use than water pipe 23 than designated water level.
As mentioned above, target circulation is to set for obtaining the water level that recycle ratio is set than designated water level, but recycle ratio is made as below 2 in direct current cooker.Correspondingly thereto, in the boiler 10 of the present embodiment 1, target circulation is than suitably setting in the scope of the following stated.Setting the corrosion risk that pH based in boiler drum 20 of the lower limit of recycle ratio and dissolved oxygen concentration cause sets.In addition, in the time that recycle ratio is excessive, aridity boundary water level is difficult to control, and is set by aridity boundary therefore set the higher limit of recycle ratio.For example, and in the boiler 10 of the present embodiment 1, in the time recycle ratio being made as direct current cooker below 2 with respect to the high water of corrosivity, corrosion risk uprises, therefore expectation is the large value of trying one's best being made as below the higher limit that exceedes 2.
< is about the action > of embodiment 1
First, for have above such structure boiler 10 carbonated drink separate function describe, then describe for the control of the aridity based on water level control and recycle ratio.The explanation of the function that following carbonated drink separates is using the state of the water level control (first controls) carrying out setting aridity described later and maintain as prerequisite.
(function that carbonated drink separates)
Supply-water pump 60 is moved, to water pipe 23, boiler water is supplied water to the height of regulation, burner 30 is burnt, now, boiler water boiling in water pipe 23, the steam that contains water droplet (drop) flows into the inner space 24A of upper tank 24 from the opening portion 23s of water pipe 23.This influx changes according to the water level based on the first control.And steam, flows towards the outlet (opening portion 83s) of boiler drum 20 under the state together with steam at the bubble producing because of boiling, water droplet that bumping curls up rising.
At this, in the present embodiment 1, the size in its vertical direction is made as the following distance height of (time) by upper tank 24, and this distance (time) is that the water droplet (drop) in order to obtain diameter contained in steam tens μ m overcomes the steam of rising and consequently from steam, separates needed distance (time) by gravitational settling.Because of the difference of the rate of climb of steam, size in the vertical direction needing needs to change, but be for example that 0.1~0.5m/sec left and right, the size in the vertical direction of inner space 24A is made as 200mm~700mm in the rate of climb of steam in the present embodiment.Thus, at the opening portion 23s from water pipe 23 to the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83, steam-water mixing fluid rise process in, under the effect of gravity, water droplet (drop) contained in steam falls, thereby can obtain desired dryness fraction of steam.
In addition, upper tank 24 is compared with existing upper tank 24, and the size in the vertical direction of inner space 24A is set greatlyr.Thus, can be at the opening portion 23s from water pipe 23 to the path that makes steam-water mixing fluid advance the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83 (stream is long) elongated.Therefore, the major part in the contained moisture of steam is attached to the inwall of upper tank 24 or because of effect whereabouts of gravity etc., thereby is removed from steam.
And, by increasing the size in the vertical direction of inner space 24A of upper tank 24, to a certain extent except steam and the spoiler 25 of ratio in the steam-water mixing fluid of the moisture in devaporation, regulation collide.Thus, the attachment of moisture in steam is in spoiler 25, and these moisture are fit and because of gravity fall, thereby from steam, moisture removed.
In addition, because spoiler 25 is present in the inner space 24A of upper tank 24, in the 24A of the inner space of upper tank 24, steam-water mixing fluid can linearly not flow to property towards opening portion 83s, correspondingly becomes the state of the time of cost arrival opening portion 83s.Especially, from the opening portion 23s of water pipe 23 towards the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83 and want the steam-water mixing fluid of linearly advancing to property along vertical direction or want to approach steam-water mixing fluid that this linear state of advancing advances and avoid the state that spoiler 25 is involved in because existing of spoiler 25 becomes when towards the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83.Thus, steam-water mixing fluid becomes the state that arrives opening portion 83s spended time, and therefore, the contained attachment of moisture of steam falls in inwall 24c or because of the effect of gravity.So, by being set, the moisture in steam can be removed well by spoiler 25.
As mentioned above, after the steam-water mixing fluid after most moisture is removed is come the top of spoiler 25, and after locating also from steam, moisture to be removed to a certain extent, come the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83 above spoiler 25.Then, in the time coming this opening portion 83s, become the steam of desired aridity, this steam is carried to the supply destination that needs heat supply via main steam pipe 83.
(control of the aridity of the water level control during based on high combustion)
Then, according to Fig. 2, the control of the aridity during for high combustion describes.In the following description, burner 30 is made as continuation high combustion.Controller 70 (is only called SN by step SN below, at step S1.) in determine whether to detect anhydrous (water level not detected) by too high combustion the first setting-up time T1H (the second controlled condition) from the first electrode 52M.While being judged as YES, in S2, open supply-water pump 60 in S1.So the water level in boiler drum 20 rises.
In S3, determine whether to be tested with water (water level being detected) by too high combustion the second setting-up time T2H (the first controlled condition) from the first electrode 52M.Be accompanied by water level in boiler drum 20 and rise, while being judged as YES in S3, being judged as and having arrived high combustion the first designated water level H1, move to S4 and close supply-water pump 70.Consequently, prevent that the interior water level of boiler drum 20 from exceeding high combustion the first designated water level H1, for example, therefore maintain the aridity (, more than 0.98) of regulation by the carbonated drink separation function of upper tank 24.
It should be noted that, be set till close the height of supply-water pump 70 while firing the second setting-up time T2H supposition high combustion highly enriched.More specifically, in the time that enrichment uprises, aridity reduces, therefore need to reduce water level.Thereby, desired, adjust the second setting-up time T2H according to the enrichment mode that setting-up time is shorter so that enrichment is higher of boiler water.Enrichment can utilize the enrichment sensor (omitting diagram) that the enrichment of burning time or boiler water is detected to detect.
(control of the recycle ratio of the water level control during based on high combustion)
Then, according to Fig. 2, the control of the recycle ratio during for high combustion describes.In S4, in the time closing supply-water pump 60, the water level in boiler drum 20 declines gradually.In S1, when use from height the first electrode 52M detect anhydrous after during through too high combustion the first setting-up time T1H, be judged as YES, be judged as the interior water level of boiler drum 20 and arrived high combustion the second designated water level H2, move to S2 and open supply-water pump 70.Consequently, can carry out the running of boiler 10 with the recycle ratio of regulation.
(control when low burning running)
In addition, water level control when the low burning of boiler 10 is turned round is controlled according to the control sequence of Fig. 3.In the time of low burning running, during with high combustion, difference is, a little less than the boiling due to boiler water, therefore utilizes low the second electrode 52S using to flood on the whole, controls aridity, the water pipe degree of superheat, recycle ratio.In the same manner, the S1 of Fig. 4, S2, S3, S4 are corresponding with S11, S12, S13, the S14 of Fig. 3 respectively for the flow process of controlling and the control sequence of Fig. 2, therefore its explanation is omitted.
(effect of embodiment 1)
According to the boiler 10 of the embodiment 1 of above such structure, even if in the non-existent structure of separator, also can utilize upper tank 24 and described water level control, the steam of desired aridity (setting aridity) is carried to supplying with destination.Therefore, in boiler 10, with the Accessory Members of pipeline that does not have separator and separator is connected with upper tank 24 etc. correspondingly, can reduce cost that the required material of these separators and Accessory Members is relevant and the required cost of making of separator and Accessory Members.
In addition, in the boiler 10 of the present embodiment 1, the size in the vertical direction of the inner space 24A of upper tank 24 is set greatlyr than bottom water tank 22 and existing upper tank 24.Thus, can make steam-water mixing fluid at the opening portion 23s from water pipe 23 to the path of advancing the opening portion 83s of main steam pipe 83 (stream long) elongated, therefore, can make major part in the contained moisture of steam be attached to the inwall of upper tank 24 or because removing effect whereabouts of gravity etc.,, by making the size in the vertical direction of upper tank 24 larger than bottom water tank 22 and existing upper tank 24, can bring into play well thus the function that carbonated drink separates.
In addition, in the boiler 10 of the present embodiment 1, spoiler 25 is located at the inner space 24A of upper tank 24.Therefore, steam-water mixing fluid and spoiler 25 collide, and the rate of climb in the inner space 24A of steam-water mixing fluid is slack-off due to the existence of spoiler 25.Thus, the water droplet in steam-water mixing fluid (drop) can be removed, thereby can improve the aridity of steam.,, due to the setting of spoiler 25, can from steam-water mixing fluid, moisture further be removed well.
And then, in the present embodiment 1, be that target circulation is than designated water level, therefore can anti-antipriming pipe overheated and then carry out water level control with the recycle ratio of regulation owing to the second designated water level H2, L2 being set as than the overheated high water level of overheated boundary water level that prevents use.Consequently, the water supply that pH is low and the high boiler water of pH of supplying with to bottom water tank 22 by downcomer 84 moderately mix in boiler drum 20, to remain suitable pH and can reduce corrosion risk.And then, by the mixing of the low water supply of temperature and the high boiler water of temperature, boiler water entirety can be made as to higher Temperature Distribution, thereby can reduce the corrosion risk that dissolved oxygen causes.
(variation of embodiment 1)
In embodiment 1, the detection of the first designated water level and the second designated water level is undertaken by the electrode 52M, the 52S that share, judgement self-electrode 52M, the 52S of the first designated water level based on controller 70 have water detect after setting-up time, carry out, the anhydrous detection of judgement self-electrode 52M, the 52S of the second designated water level through setting-up time through after carry out.But, the judgement that also can be configured to the first designated water level electrode 52M, 52S have water to detect after carry out immediately or the judgement of the second designated water level anhydrous detection at electrode 52M, 52S after carry out immediately.
Embodiment 2
Then, according to Fig. 4, embodiments of the invention 2 are described.In the present invention, can carry out adjustment aim recycle ratio designated water level according to any or multiple (two or three) in the enrichment of boiler drum internal pressure, supply water temperature, boiler water (water in boiler drum).Its value of boiler drum internal pressure is more high is more conducive to maintaining of aridity, but is unfavorable for maintaining of recycle ratio and overheated the preventing of regulation.For supply water temperature and boiler water enrichment, antithesis, its value is more high is more unfavorable for maintaining of aridity, but is conducive to maintaining of recycle ratio and overheated the preventing of regulation.Thereby target circulation uprises in the time that boiler drum internal pressure rises than designated water level, step-down in the time that the enrichment of the supply water temperature to boiler drum or boiler water rises., along with boiler drum internal pressure rises and along with the enrichment of supply water temperature or boiler water declines (reduction), the first designated water level and the second designated water level are uprised.
In the present embodiment 2, as shown in Figure 4, utilize the pressure sensor 90 that boiler drum 20 internal pressures (steam pressure) are detected to detect, and utilize the temperature sensor 100 that the temperature of the water supply in feed pipe 80 is detected to detect.And, adjust described the first setting-up time and the second setting-up time according to detected pressures and detected temperatures.Particularly, along with boiler drum 20 internal pressures risings and along with supply water temperature declines, the sequential that supply-water pump 60 is opened (shortens the first setting-up time) in advance, and the sequential time delay (extending the second setting-up time) that supply-water pump 60 cuts out, makes water level rise thus.
In order to realize this structure, for example, be stored in advance memory by being set with the target circulation changing according to the variation of boiler drum internal pressure and supply water temperature than the form of designated water level.And, from this form, read the target circulation corresponding with the boiler drum internal pressure detecting and supply water temperature than designated water level, and carry out based on this target circulation than the water level control of designated water level, thereby can realize.It should be noted that, boiler water enrichment for example can detect at the bottom place of downcomer.
According to this embodiment 2, even if boiler drum internal pressure and supply water temperature change the recycle ratio that also can maintain regulation.
Embodiment 3
Then, describe for embodiments of the invention 3 according to Fig. 5.Embodiment 1 utilizes shared electrode to carry out the detection of the first designated water level and the second designated water level, and embodiment 3 utilizes different electrodes to carry out the detection of the first designated water level and the second designated water level.; fire the first electrode 52M and possess the first electrode 52M1 that detects high combustion the first designated water level H1 and the second electrode 52M2 that detects high combustion the second designated water level H2 as the height of outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50; the judgement of the first designated water level H1 based on controller 70 from the first electrode 52M1 have water detect after carry out immediately or own water detect after too high combustion the 3rd setting-up time, carry out, the judgement of the second designated water level H2 is carried out immediately or is carried out after too high combustion the 4th setting-up time from anhydrous detection after the anhydrous detection of the second electrode 52M2.In addition, possess the first electrode 52S1 that detects low combustion the first designated water level L1 and the second electrode 52S2 that detects low combustion the second designated water level L22 as the low combustion second electrode 52S of outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50, the judgement of low combustion the first designated water level L1 based on controller 70 from the first electrode 52S1 have water detect after carry out immediately or own water detect after too low combustion the 3rd setting-up time, carry out, the judgement of low combustion the second designated water level L2 is carried out immediately or carrying out after too low combustion the 4th setting-up time from anhydrous detection after the anhydrous detection of the second electrode 52S2.
In this embodiment 3, also can according in the enrichment of boiler drum internal pressure, supply water temperature, boiler water any or multiplely adjust each setting-up time.By formation like this, even if any in the enrichment of boiler drum internal pressure, supply water temperature, boiler water or multiple variation also can maintain the recycle ratio of regulation.
Embodiment 4
The boiler 10 of embodiments of the invention 4 then, is described according to Fig. 6.The present invention not only can be as the above embodiments 1~embodiment 3, be applicable to the boiler that multiple water pipes 23 are arranged in the boiler drum structure of the structure of ring-type, also can be similarly applicable to the boiler that the boiler 10 shown in Fig. 6 is such, multiple water pipes 23 are arranged to the structure forming to be the mode of rectangular shape.In the explanation of following embodiment 4, centered by the structure different from embodiment 1, describe, the structural element corresponding with embodiment 1 marked to identical Reference numeral and the description thereof will be omitted.
From saving the viewpoint of spatialization etc., boiler 10 shown in Fig. 6 possesses boiler drum 20, and this boiler drum 20 is by rectangular-shaped bottom water tank 22, identical rectangular-shaped upper tank 24 and by being based between this two water tank 22,24 and the water pipe group that the multiple water pipes 23 that vertically arrange form forms.In the water pipe group of this boiler drum 20 of formation, for being configured in the water pipe 23 in two outsides on long side direction, adjacent water pipe 23 forms a pair of water wall (omitting diagram) via coupling member (omitting diagram) connection separately from each other.Thereby boiler drum 20 possesses the rectangular-shaped division chamber being formed by bottom water tank 22, upper tank 24 and a pair of water wall.This division chamber is equivalent to the combustion chamber 21A in above-mentioned each embodiment, carries out combustion reaction and flows towards waste gas outlet 103 simultaneously from the flame of a distolateral burner 30 of being located at long side direction.
In the boiler 10 shown in this Fig. 6, be provided with the downcomer identical with above-mentioned each embodiment 84 though omit diagram., be configured to and have the bottom water tank 22 of new boiler feed water to be connected by downcomer 84 with supply the hydropexic upper tank 24 of boiler after concentrated, thereby make the boiler water Natural Circulation in upper tank 24.At this, water level control and the above embodiments 1 of the boiler 10 shown in this Fig. 6 are similarly carried out, and description is omitted.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments 1~4.For example, in the above-described embodiment, for adopting the situation of spoiler 25 to describe as stream extending mechanism.But stream extending mechanism is not limited to spoiler 25.For example, can labyrinth mechanism be set at the inner space of upper tank 24 24A, also can make the inner space 24A of upper tank 24 fine be divided into make entrance and exit from minizone and the stream in the advancing of steam-water mixing fluid is extended.In addition, in order to carry out carbonated drink separation, trickle cancellous filter also can be set.
In addition, also can be configured to, the level sensor utilizing not based on electrode and can change setting water level (for example, differential pressure pick-up) carry out the water level detecting of outside condensate tank of dehumidifier 50, when target circulation is changed and water level is reduced to target circulation after changing than designated water level than designated water level itself, open supply-water pump 60.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
10 ... boiler
20 ... boiler drum
22 ... bottom water tank
23 ... water pipe
24 ... upper tank
25 ... spoiler
30 ... burner
50 ... outside condensate tank of dehumidifier
52M ... the first electrode
52S ... the second electrode
60 ... supply-water pump
70 ... control part (controlling organization)
80 ... feed pipe
84 ... downcomer

Claims (4)

1. one kind without separator boiler, this possesses without separator boiler: boiler drum, its multiple water pipes that heated by burned device link between upper tank and bottom water tank and form, and in the time that the burning of described burner stops, becoming the low state in upper end of water pipe described in the water table ratio in described water pipe; Water supply mechanism, it for supplying with boiler feed water in described boiler drum; Outside water level detecting mechanism, it is arranged on the outside of described boiler drum, via communicating pipe being communicated with and boiler drum inside and outside water level is detected with the inner space of described upper tank and the inner space of described bottom water tank respectively, controlling organization, it controls the action of described water supply mechanism according to the sensed water level being detected by described outside water level detecting mechanism, it is characterized in that
Described also possess the downcomer that bottom in described upper tank and described bottom water tank are communicated with without separator boiler,
Described controlling organization carries out the first control and second to be controlled, and first controls and be: in the time that the sensed water level being detected by described outside water level detecting mechanism exceedes the first designated water level, so that the action of water supply mechanism described in the mode control that in boiler drum, water level reduces; The second control is: below described sensed water level becomes than the second low designated water level of described the first designated water level time, so that the action of water supply mechanism described in the mode control that in boiler drum, water level rises,
Described the first designated water level is set as aridity boundary water level, and sets the height of described upper tank, makes to utilize described first to control so that more than the aridity of the steam flowing out from described upper tank becomes and set aridity,
Described the second designated water level is to be set as being made as water level more than setting value more than degree of superheat boundary water level and by the recycle ratio of the boiler water based on described downcomer.
2. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that without separator boiler,
According to any or multiple described the first designated water level and/or the second designated water level adjusted in the enrichment of described boiler drum internal pressure, supply water temperature, boiler water.
3. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that without separator boiler,
The detection of described the first designated water level and described the second designated water level is undertaken by the electrode sharing,
The judgement of described the first designated water level based on described controlling organization described electrode have water detect after carry out immediately or own water detect after the first setting-up time, carry out, the judgement of described the second designated water level is carried out immediately or is carried out after the second setting-up time from anhydrous detection after the anhydrous detection of described electrode.
4. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that without separator boiler,
Described outside water level detecting mechanism possesses the first electrode that detects the first designated water level and the second electrode that detects the second designated water level,
The judgement of described the first designated water level based on described controlling organization described the first electrode have water detect after carry out immediately or own water detect after the 3rd setting-up time, carry out, the judgement of described the second designated water level is carried out immediately or is carried out after the 4th setting-up time from anhydrous detection after the anhydrous detection of described the second electrode.
CN201380003243.4A 2012-03-16 2013-02-27 Without separator boiler Active CN103842723B (en)

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