CN103841621A - Redundancy routing method based on 6LoWPAN tree type network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a redundancy routing method based on a 6LoWPAN tree type network, and belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. On the basis of the tree type routing technology of a 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network and according to series protocol standards of 6LoWPAN, improvement and expansion are carried out on an adaptation layer protocol and a neighbor discovery protocol of the 6LoWPAN, and a new adaptation layer redundancy head and new redundancy address login options are designed. A redundancy father node is added to the tree type network, wherein when nodes enter the network, the redundancy father node is selected from a neighbor router, and the redundancy father node address is registered for the redundancy father node; when link communication between the redundancy father node and a child node is interrupted, redundancy routing forwarding is carried out on data through the registered redundancy father node. The number of redundancy paths of the tree type network is increased, the problem that due to the fact that a link of the tree type network is disconnected, descendant nodes cannot carry out communication with other nodes is effectively solved, and reliability and the overall communication capacity of the network are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless sensor network technology field, be specifically related to a kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of current international research focus, belong to the core content of technology of Internet of things, realize collection, processing and the transmission of physical world information, can be widely used in industrial automation, environmental monitoring, Smart Home and medical system etc.By introducing IPv6 technology to wireless sensor network, make sensor node have globally unique IPv6 address, realize with Internet main frame end to end pure IP communicate by letter, the application on the Internet is extended to wireless sensor network.
Internet Engineering task groups (IETF) has been set up 6LoWPAN(IPv6over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks in 2004) working group, its target is that IPv6 is applied to a low-consumption wireless territory is online.6LoWPAN adopts the MAC(medium access control sublayer of IEEE802.15.4 at bottom) and physical layer, network layer and above use IPv6 agreement, and be situated between and added an adaptation layer, for supporting the transmission of IPv6 data on IEEE802.15.4.The key technology of 6LoWPAN adaptation layer mainly comprises: IPv6 header suppression, IP fragmentation and reassembly, routing forwarding, network struction and address assignment.6LoWPAN network node has the features such as low-power consumption, reduction process ability and low expense, and existing IPv6 Routing Protocol is not also suitable for wireless sensor network, and traditional wireless sensor networks Routing Protocol is not supported IPv6 yet.Therefore, be necessary the Routing Protocol of 6LoWPAN network to carry out new design and improvement.
In the 6LoWPAN method for routing proposing at present, what be most widely used is tree type method for routing.Tree type route is carried out distributed dynamic address distribution in conjunction with IEEE802.15.4 feature, and carries out Route Selection according to address relationship, without route discovery message and routing table, have expense little, calculate simple advantage.But damaging in environment of being easily disturbed, tree type route exposes self limitation, its Path selection is single, fixing and do not have redundant ability, link to disconnect will to cause descendent node cannot with other node communications, reduced the reliability of network.For example, the tree type route HiLow algorithm that IETF proposes, it along tree topology forwarding data, but does not consider the redundant path of network by address relationship.
In order to cater to the requirement of 6LoWPAN tree network to redundant reliability, for the link disconnection that may occur in network, the present invention proposes a kind of tree type redundancy method for routing, is intended to improve reliability and the overall communication performance of low-power consumption tree network.
Summary of the invention
For above deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of link down that solves by the problem that causes node communication to interrupt, improve the anti-interference redundant ability of network, guarantee the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network of communication reliability.Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network, and it comprises the following steps:
101, when network access node A networks, first broadcast transmission beacon request message is given the neighbor node router of a jumping in communication range, obtain neighbor node route-map, after described neighbor node router is received beacon request message, broadcast beacon messages is given this network access node A;
102, described network access node A receives some beacon messages, wherein beacon message comprises the link-quality indicated value LQI of neighbor node router, the neighbor node router that network access node A chooses link-quality indicated value LQI maximum is father node, network access node A sends association request message to father node, and to select other routers that LQI value is taken second place be redundancy father node, preserve the redundancy routing table of redundancy father node address information to network access node A;
103, father node is network access node A distribution subnet short address after receiving association request message, and replys associate response message to network access node A; Network access node A obtains short address by the associate response message of receiving, and generates IPv6 link local address by short address, and network access node A sends the router solicitation RS message with redundant address registration option according to this IPv6 link local address to father node;
104, father node is received in step 103 and is registered after the router solicitation RS message of option with redundant address, father node is replied router advertisement message RA to network access node A, and the redundancy routing table of the redundancy father node address of network access node A being added to corresponding network access node A, and completing the registration of redundancy father node address by router advertisement message RA, network access node A successfully joins 6LoWPAN network;
105,, when between child node A and father node, communication link is normal, child node A is by father node forwarding data; When between child node A and father node, communication link disconnects, in the time of child node A upstream data redundant forwarding, upstream data is submitted to redundancy father node by child node A, and redundancy father node is directly transmitted to destination address along tree type routing addressing; In the time carrying out the redundant forwarding of downlink data, obtain redundant address by the redundancy father node list item of searching child node A, calculate the jumping figure of redundant address, select the multihop network Mesh destination address that the minimum redundancy father node address of jumping figure is data, down hop child node address is redundancy purpose address, and add all the other redundancy father node addresses to redundancy head, and structure redundant data sends to redundancy father node, and redundancy father node is transmitted to down hop child node again; Described redundancy father node is received after redundant data, if normal to the link communication of redundancy purpose address, the redundancy head of data is removed, and reverts to Mesh route head originally and is transmitted to redundancy purpose node again; If redundancy father node interrupts to the link communication of redundancy purpose address, check in the redundancy head of data and whether have redundant address: if having, calculate the jumping figure of redundant address, selecting the minimum redundant address of jumping figure is Mesh destination address, and delete redundant address corresponding in redundancy head, re-construct a Mesh head and redundancy forwarding data; Otherwise, abandon the forwarding of redundant data.
Further, the redundant address registration option in the router request message RS in step 104 comprises type field, length field, individual number field, redundant address territory and reserved territory, and wherein, types value is encoded to 36, represents redundant address registration option.
Further, the redundancy head described in step 105 comprises a redundancy Dispatch territory, individual number field, redundancy purpose address field and redundant address territory.
Further, a described redundancy Dispatch value is 11000000 to 11001111 scopes, the first five position 11000 mark 6LoWPAN redundancy head.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are as follows:
The present invention is with respect to existing 6LoWPAN tree type route technology, increase redundancy father node, when between father and son's node when link down, by redundancy father node forwarding data, effectively solve in tree network between father and son's node link disconnect cause child node and descendent node thereof cannot with the problem of other node communications, significantly improve the redundant ability of tree network, do not needed extra route finding process and huge routing table, there is low expense, highly reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 6LoWPAN tree network architectural schematic of the present invention;
The interacting message figure of Fig. 2 node networking of the present invention and redundant address registration process;
Redundancy routing forwarding schematic diagram in Fig. 3 tree network of the present invention;
Fig. 4 router data process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 5 6LoWPAN redundancy format chart of the present invention.
embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated to provide the embodiment of an indefiniteness below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 shows that the 6LoWPAN tree network that a beacon (Beacon) enables, this network comprises a 6LoWPAN gateway (node A) and 6 6LoWPAN routers that networked (Node B, C, D, E, F, G), and the router node N networking, the solid line in figure connects the set membership link that represents tree type routing node.6LoWPAN gateway has two network interfaces, connects 6LoWPAN subnet and IPv6 network, serves as IEEE802.15.4 coordinator role simultaneously, manages whole network; 6LoWPAN router is IEEE802.15.4 full-function device (FFD), possesses short address and distributes and route forwarding function.The depth capacity Lm that sets this network is 4, maximum child node number Cm and maximum route child node number Rm are 2, tree type route is according to distributed dynamic address allocative decision, be downwards that each node distributes 16 short addresses successively from telegon, in subnet, use short address to communicate, and automatically generate IPv6 address according to short address.
Tree type route just can be carried out Route Selection according to the relation of dynamic address and position, but can only with the father node of oneself and child node direct communication, can not communicate by letter with other neighbor nodes in a jumping communication range.Therefore, the present invention carries out redundancy improvement to tree type route, propose a kind of redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network, Neighbor Discovery Protocol RS message and adaptation layer protocol are carried out to corresponding improvement and expansion, add redundant address registration option and 6LoWPAN redundancy head.The improved main method of redundancy is: after the selected father node of network access node, then from neighbor router, select redundancy father node, and register the address of redundancy father node by RS message to father node; In the time that the primary link failure of direct communication between node and father node interrupts, carry out redundancy routing forwarding by the redundancy father node of registration, thereby increase the redundant path between node and father node, improve the route redundancy ability of network entirety.
Based on Fig. 1 institute structure network topology, respectively redundancy routing mechanism is described in detail below.Clear succinct in order to understand, the process that only adds network take node N is introduced as example, and in the time that node N is terminal node, the method using should be consistent therewith, dotted line in figure connects the redundant link of representation node N and redundancy father node, and dashed circle is that one of node N jumps radio communication scope.
1. redundancy father node address registration
In 6LoWPAN tree network networking process, first node carries out Network finding, joins one by one network by a series of networking actions.Enter in network process at node N, broadcast transmission beacon request (Beacon request) message first after its electrifying startup, request around neighbours sends beacon message; Router node D, node E and node F that node N mono-jumps in communication range can receive this beacon request message, the concurrent beacon message (Beacon) that send, and beacon message comprises self address, superframe information and other parameters of network etc.; Like this, node N receives multiple beacon messages, and the link-quality indicated value LQI that obtains node D, node E and node F is respectively 70,90,65, and choosing the maximum router node E of LQI value is father node, and node N sends association request message to node E; Node E receives after this association request message, for node N distributes subnet short address (0x000A) and replys associate response message; Node N receives associate response message, IEEE802.15.4MAC networks and is successfully associated, and obtains 16 net short addresses, seat and relevant MAC layer information, simultaneously from father node E, the node D that node N takes second place LQI value and node F, as redundancy father node, are kept at its address information in redundancy routing table.
Once successfully obtain short address, node N generates IPv6 link local address automatically according to short address, use link local address to send improved route requests RS message to father node E, the information such as acquisition request network prefix, improved RS message has been added redundant address registration option in standard RS message; Node E receives after improved RS message, reply advertising of route RA message to node N, and carry out the registration work of redundancy father node address, and the address of node D and node F is added in the redundancy routing table that node N is corresponding, show to pass through node D and node F forwarding data to node N; Node N, by the RA message of returning, obtains the information such as global IPv 6 network prefix, 6LoWPAN compressed text, completes the registration of redundancy father node address, successfully joins 6LoWPAN network.
Fig. 2 has shown the full message reciprocal process that 6LoWPAN node successfully networks.
2. redundancy routing forwarding
Between node N and its father node E, in the normal situation of communication link, according to 6LoWPAN tree type Routing Protocol, node N all forwards by father node E to the data of non-descendent node, only communicates by letter with father node or child node, as shown in Fig. 3 (a).If the communication link of node N and its father node E is subject to the reasons such as environmental interference, appearance disconnects situation about cannot communicate by letter, and enables the redundant path transmission data that record in redundancy routing table, and node N is by the redundancy father node maintenance of registration and being connected of network.
According to the direction of tree type data transmission, redundant data is divided into uplink and downlink two classes, the redundant forwarding of upstream data is processed simple, node N only need be submitted to upstream data redundancy father node D or F, redundancy father node only need be transmitted to destination address along tree type routing addressing according to common Mesh data, and its data flow as shown in Figure 3 (b).When node E is transmitted to next hop address and is the downlink data of child node N, if being found to the communication link of child node N disconnects, by searching the redundancy father node list item of node N, obtain redundant address D and F, calculate the tree type hop count of node D and node F, selecting the less node D of jumping figure is the Mesh route head that Mesh destination address re-constructs data, and add following closely redundancy head, in redundancy head, comprise the address of other redundancy father nodes F of redundancy purpose address node N and node N, node E processes redundant data forwarding to the redundancy father node D of node N.
If node D is normal to the communication of the link of node N, node D removes the redundancy head of data after receiving and being the redundant data of node N to redundancy purpose address, reverts to Mesh route head originally and is transmitted to node N again, and its data flow as shown in Figure 3 (c); If also there is disconnection to the link of node N in node D, node D cannot directly deliver data to node N, by checking redundancy head, obtaining redundant address F, is Mesh destination address so put node F, re-constructs Mesh route head, simultaneously, in order to prevent that loop from producing, the address of redundancy father node F in data redundancy head is deleted, node D forwards redundant data to node F; If node F is normal to the communication of the link of node N, after node F recovers data Mesh route head originally, forwarding data is to node N again, and the data flow that node D is transmitted to node N through node F is as shown in Fig. 3 (d); If node F also occurs disconnection to the link of node N, and search redundancy head and there is no redundant address, just abandon the forwarding of this redundant data.Redundancy route 6LoWPAN router after improvement, the handling process that adaptation layer receives packet as shown in Figure 4.
Redundancy routing forwarding will traverse all redundancy father nodes of redundancy purpose node, as long as there is a redundancy father node normal to the link communication of destination node, just can complete submitting of redundant data.If redundancy father node all interrupts to the communication link of destination node, illustrate that network extremely worsens substantially, or may destination node go offline.Redundancy routing forwarding has farthest guaranteed the accessibility of transfer of data, has improved the jamproof redundant ability of network, makes it be applicable to the wireless industrial application scenarios of circumstance complication.
3.6LoWPAN adaptation layer head improves
In order to support redundancy routing forwarding, the present invention expands adaptation layer protocol, has increased new adaptation layer head---redundancy head.The design of redundancy head need to be as far as possible little, and to guarantee that redundant data packets can be because not making 6LoWPAN head expense excessive as this interpolation, the form of redundancy head as shown in Figure 5.Comprise: Dispatch territory, individual number field, destination address territory, redundancy father node territory.Wherein, the Dispatch value of redundancy head is decided to be 1100000 to 11000111 scopes, wherein the first five position 11000 mark 6LoWPAN redundancy head; Individual number field represents the number of redundant address, and its span is 0 to 7, is determined the variable-length of redundancy head by this value; Destination address territory is the destination address of redundant forwarding; Redundant address territory is the redundancy father node address of destination address.The position of redundancy head in adaptation layer head is after Mesh head, before other heads.
Redundancy father node receives after redundant data, if directly forwarding data is to redundancy final purpose address, according to the redundant address in redundancy head, selects a redundancy father node to forward as Mesh destination address.For fear of the generation in redundant data loop, redundancy father node, in being transmitted to next redundancy father node, should be deleted the redundant address that equals Mesh destination address in redundancy head at every turn.
According to the redundant data forwarding process that above Fig. 3 (c) and Fig. 3 (d) scene are discussed, MAC head to redundant forwarding data, Mesh head, redundancy leading address are elaborated, and provide improved 6LoWPAN message complete form, comprise IEEE802.15.4MAC head, Mesh head, redundancy head and other possible adaptation layer heads.Node E issues the data of final purpose address node N, is transmitted to node D by redundant path, and the MAC of its a redundant data destination address is Node B, and Mesh destination address is node D, and a redundancy destination address is node N; When node D is transmitted to node E again, the MAC of a redundant data destination address is Node B, and Mesh destination address changes to node F, and a redundancy destination address is node N, and deletes the redundant address node F in redundancy head; When node F is finally transmitted to node N, removes redundancy head and recover the Mesh head that data are script, MAC destination address is node N, and Mesh destination address is node N.
4.RS message is improved
The present invention improves and expands 6LoWPAN Neighbor Discovery Protocol, and design ICMPv6 redundant address registration option, is added to sending in the route requests RS message of father node router, for the registration work of redundancy father node address.The design of redundant address registration option, in strict accordance with the call format of Neighbor Discovery Protocol option, designs to such an extent that quite simplify for saving network energy consumption expense, comprising: type field, length field, individual number field, redundant address territory, reserved territory.Wherein, be described as follows:
Type field: the type of option, tentative types value 36 is redundant address registration option;
Length field: the total length (including type field and length field) of option, its unit is 8 bytes, therefore option total length is necessary for the integral multiple of 8 bytes, zero padding when not enough;
Individual number field: the number of redundancy father node address;
Reserved territory: as reserved territory, for later expansion;
Redundant address territory: 16 short addresses of redundancy father node.
These embodiment are interpreted as being only not used in and limiting the scope of the invention for the present invention is described above.After having read the content of record of the present invention, technical staff can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalences change and modification falls into the inventive method claim limited range equally.
Claims (4)
1. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
101, when network access node A networks, first broadcast transmission beacon request message is given the neighbor node router of a jumping in communication range, obtain neighbor node route-map, after described neighbor node router is received beacon request message, broadcast beacon messages is given this network access node A;
102, described network access node A receives some beacon messages, wherein beacon message comprises the link-quality indicated value LQI of neighbor node router, the neighbor node router that network access node A chooses link-quality indicated value LQI maximum is father node, network access node A sends association request message to father node, and to select other routers that LQI value is taken second place be redundancy father node, preserve the redundancy routing table of redundancy father node address information to network access node A;
103, father node is network access node A distribution subnet short address after receiving association request message, and replys associate response message to network access node A; Network access node A obtains short address by the associate response message of receiving, and generates IPv6 link local address by short address, and network access node A sends the router solicitation RS message with redundant address registration option according to this IPv6 link local address to father node;
104, father node is received in step 103 and is registered after the router solicitation RS message of option with redundant address, father node is replied router advertisement message RA to network access node A, and the redundancy routing table of the redundancy father node address of network access node A being added to corresponding network access node A, complete the registration of redundancy father node address, network access node A successfully joins 6LoWPAN network, and the successfully rear network access node A that networks becomes child node A;
105,, when between child node A and father node, communication link is normal, child node A is by father node forwarding data; When between child node A and father node, communication link disconnects, in the time of child node A upstream data redundant forwarding, upstream data is submitted to redundancy father node by child node A, and redundancy father node is directly transmitted to destination address along tree type routing addressing; In the time carrying out the redundant forwarding of downlink data, obtain redundant address by the redundancy father node list item of searching child node A, calculate the jumping figure of redundant address, select the multihop network Mesh destination address that the minimum redundancy father node address of jumping figure is data, and add all the other redundancy father node addresses to redundancy head, structure redundant data sends to redundancy father node, and redundancy father node is transmitted to down hop child node again; Described redundancy father node is received after redundant data, if normal to the link communication of redundancy purpose address, the redundancy head of data is removed, and reverts to Mesh route head originally and is transmitted to redundancy purpose node again; If redundancy father node interrupts to the link communication of redundancy purpose address, check in the redundancy head of data and whether have redundant address: if having, calculate the jumping figure of redundant address, selecting the minimum redundant address of jumping figure is Mesh destination address, and delete redundant address corresponding in redundancy head, re-construct a Mesh head and redundancy forwarding data; Otherwise, abandon the forwarding of redundant data.
2. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the redundant address registration option in the router request message RS in step 104 comprises type field, length field, individual number field, redundant address territory and reserved territory, wherein, types value is encoded to 36, represents redundant address registration option.
3. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the redundancy head described in step 105 comprises a redundancy Dispatch territory, individual number field, redundancy purpose address field and redundant address territory.
4. the redundancy method for routing based on 6LoWPAN tree network according to claim 3, is characterized in that: a described redundancy Dispatch value is 11000000 to 11001111 scopes, the first five position 11000 mark 6LoWPAN redundancy head.
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