CN103841394B - The calibration facility and scaling method of multiple field three dimensional display - Google Patents
The calibration facility and scaling method of multiple field three dimensional display Download PDFInfo
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- CN103841394B CN103841394B CN201210482790.2A CN201210482790A CN103841394B CN 103841394 B CN103841394 B CN 103841394B CN 201210482790 A CN201210482790 A CN 201210482790A CN 103841394 B CN103841394 B CN 103841394B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/388—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume
- H04N13/395—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume with depth sampling, i.e. the volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D image planes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/327—Calibration thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of calibration facility and scaling method of multiple field three dimensional display are disclosed.The scaling method includes:(a)Control three dimensional display only shows the first image on a display layer;(b)Control image picking-up apparatus are shot to obtain the second image to the part or all of of the first image for showing;(c)The homography between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus is calculated using the first image and the second image;(d)Position relationship of the display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus is calculated using the homography for calculating, wherein, each display layer for three dimensional display performs step(a)、(b)、(c)With(d), the position relationship between the multiple display layer is obtained relative to the position relationship of image picking-up apparatus according to each display layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Three-dimensional Display field.More particularly, it is related to a kind of calibration facility of multiple field three dimensional display
And scaling method.
Background technology
Recently, multi-layer three-dimension(3D)Display(MLD)Increasing concern is obtained in 3D display fields.Generally
For, multilayer 3D displays are by the multiple parallel two dimension that is stacked along thickness direction(2D)Display layer is formed, to produce 3D to regard
Feel effect.Various MLD with different operating principle have been proposed, including:Depth integration display(depth fusion
Display, DFD), parallax barrier(parallax barrier), light field rebuild(Light Field Recreation)Deng.
In actual applications, the actual hardware characteristic of MLD may be different from their original design because manufacture and
Installation process there may be error.These differences typically result in system mistake, reduce display performance.Therefore a kind of MLD is needed
Calibration technique detect these errors.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of multiple field three dimensional display(MLD)Calibration facility and scaling method, with
Detect the site error between the display layer of MLD.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of method for demarcating three dimensional display, described
Three dimensional display includes multiple display layers, and methods described comprises the following steps:(a)Control three dimensional display is only in a display layer
The first image of upper display;(b)Control image picking-up apparatus are shot to obtain the second image to the first image for showing;(c)
The homography between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus is calculated using the first image and the second image;(d)Using what is calculated
Homography calculates the position relationship of the display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus, wherein, show for three dimensional display each
Show that layer performs step(a)、(b)、(c)With(d), obtained relative to the position relationship of image picking-up apparatus according to each display layer
Position relationship between the multiple display layer.
Alternatively, step(c)Including:From first coordinate of the first image zooming-out predetermined point in the first image;From second
Second coordinate of the predetermined point described in image zooming-out in the second image;Using the first coordinate and the second coordinate calculate the first image with
Homography matrix between second image.
Alternatively, step(d)Including:Using the intrinsic parameter of image picking-up apparatus the display layer is extracted from homography matrix
Spin matrix and translation vector between image picking-up apparatus.
Alternatively, homography matrix is expressed as the Intrinsic Matrix of image picking-up apparatus and using spin matrix and is translated towards
The product of the matrix for being formed is measured, can be obtained using spin matrix peace according to the intrinsic parameter of homography matrix and image picking-up apparatus
The matrix that the amount of shifting to is formed, so as to obtain spin matrix and translation vector.
Alternatively, step is performed in each display layer for three dimensional display(b)When, the position of image picking-up apparatus and
Attitude is identical.
Alternatively, methods described also includes:According to the position relationship between the multiple display layer come to the multiple aobvious
Show that the position between layer is corrected.
Alternatively, methods described also includes:Three-dimensional Display is adjusted according to the position relationship between the multiple display layer
The display rendering parameter of device.
Alternatively, step(b)Including:Control image picking-up apparatus are clapped the part or all of of the first image for showing
Take the photograph to obtain the second image.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of equipment for demarcating three dimensional display, the three dimensional display
Including multiple display layers, it is characterised in that including:Communication unit, is communicated with three dimensional display;Display controller, via logical
Letter unit controls three dimensional display to cause the multiple display layer predetermined order individually the first image of display;Image taking sets
Standby, first image displayed separately to each display layer is shot to obtain the second image;Homography computing unit, using
One image and the second image calculate the homography between each display layer and image picking-up apparatus;Position determination unit, using meter
The homography of calculation calculates position relationship of each display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus, to obtain between the multiple display layer
Position relationship.
Alternatively, homography computing unit is using in the coordinate and the second image o'clock in the first image in the first image
Coordinate of the corresponding points in the second image, calculate the homography matrix between the first image and the second image.
Alternatively, position determination unit extracts the display layer using the intrinsic parameter of image picking-up apparatus from homography matrix
Spin matrix and translation vector between image picking-up apparatus.
Alternatively, when each display layer the first image displayed separately for three dimensional display is shot respectively,
The position of image picking-up apparatus is identical with attitude.
Alternatively, display controller controls three according to the position relationship between the multiple display layer via communication unit
Display is tieed up to adjust the display rendering parameter of three dimensional display.
Alternatively, the equipment also includes:Display unit, shows the position relationship between the multiple display layer.
The calibration facility and scaling method of multiple field three dimensional display of the invention, by causing three dimensional display
The independent display image of each display layer, and to show image shoot, such that it is able to using display image with shoot
Homography between image obtains the position relationship between display layer.
The present invention other aspect and/or advantage will be partly illustrated in following description, some is by retouching
State and will be apparent, or can be learnt by implementation of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
By the detailed description for carrying out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage will
Become more fully apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows multiple field three dimensional display according to an embodiment of the invention(MLD)Scaling method flow chart;
Fig. 2 shows multiple field three dimensional display according to an embodiment of the invention(MLD)Calibration facility block diagram;
Fig. 3 shows an example of the first image according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Now, different example embodiments are more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein, some exemplary embodiments are attached
Shown in figure, identical label represents identical component, part or feature.
Fig. 1 shows multiple field three dimensional display according to an embodiment of the invention(MLD)Scaling method flow chart.
In step 101, control three dimensional display only shows the first image on a display layer.In other words, it is three-dimensional aobvious
Show that device shows merely with a display layer to the first image.Can by the setting interface on three dimensional display or button or
Person realizes display of first image on a display layer by control or debugging interface.Here the first image can be appointed
It is intended to picture.
In step 102, control image picking-up apparatus are shot to obtain the second image to the first image for showing.This
When, the second image can include the first image.
Image picking-up apparatus can use charge coupled device(CCD)Sensor, complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS)
(CMOS)The imageing sensors such as sensor are realized.
In step 103, the list calculated using the first image and the second image between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus should
Property.
Specifically, using the two-dimensional coordinate o'clock in the first image in the first image(Hereinafter referred to as the first coordinate)
With two-dimensional coordinate of the corresponding points in the second image in the second image(Hereinafter referred to as the second coordinate), calculate the first image and the
Homography matrix between two images.The homography matrix represents the display layer and image picking-up apparatus of the first image of display
Homography between imaging plane.
For example, for a point p in the first image, coordinates of the point p in the first image can be obtained.Due to point p quilts
In showing and being photographed the second image, therefore coordinates of the point p in the second image can be obtained.So, can be by multiple
O'clock coordinate in the first image and the coordinate in the second image set up the homography of the first image and the second image.Can lead to
Existing homography matrix computational algorithm is crossed to set up above-mentioned homography.
In one example, the homography between the first image and the second image may be expressed as following equation(1):
σmi=H·Mi, i ∈ [1, N](1)
Wherein, σ represents arbitrary scale factor, miRepresent the homogeneous coordinates of i-th point of the second coordinate, MiRepresent at i-th point
The first coordinate homogeneous coordinates, H represents homography matrix, and N represents quantity a little.
So, can be by peer-to-peer(1)Solve to obtain homography matrix H.
The part or all of of the first image for showing can be shot when the first image to showing shoots,
As long as photographing the multiple points for setting up homography(For example, equation(1)In N number of point), i.e. can shoot comprising part or
Second image of the first whole images, as long as the second image for shooting includes the multiple points for setting up homography.
As N increases, the ability for suppressing noise can be improved, but amount of calculation accordingly increases.N can be determined as needed
Size.Preferably, N is more than or equal to 4.
Additionally, for the ease of extracting the point in image, it is preferable that the first image has the characteristic point for being easy to extract.For example,
First image can be trellis diagram picture, and the angle point in trellis diagram picture can be as characteristic point.Fig. 3 shows of trellis diagram picture
Example.
In step 104, position of the display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus is calculated using the homography calculated in step 103
Put relation.
Specifically, the plane and image of one display layer can be extracted from the homography matrix H calculated in step 103
Three-dimensional rotation and translation relation between the imaging plane of capture apparatus, the three-dimensional rotation and translation relation can be used as the display layers
Relative to the position relationship of image picking-up apparatus.Because, homography matrix H is expressed as the intrinsic parameter square of image picking-up apparatus
Battle array and the product by spin matrix and the matrix of translation vector formation.Here spin matrix represent image picking-up apparatus into
Three-dimensional rotation relation between the plane of image plane and one display layer(That is, the point positioned at the second coordinate is clapped in image
The image space taken the photograph on the imaging plane of equipment is displayed on one display layer with the corresponding point for being located at the first coordinate
Rotation relationship between position), translation vector represents the imaging plane of image picking-up apparatus and the plane of one display layer
Between translation relation(That is, positioned at the second coordinate image space of the point on the imaging plane of image picking-up apparatus with it is right
The translation relation that the point positioned at the first coordinate answered is displayed between the position on one display layer).So, in homography
In the case of matrix H and Intrinsic Matrix are known, spin matrix and translation vector can be calculated.
In one example, homography matrix H may be expressed as following equation(2):
H=K·[r1 r2T] (2)
Wherein, r1And r2The first row and secondary series of spin matrix R are represented respectively, and T represents translation vector, and H represents homography
Matrix, K represents the Intrinsic Matrix of image picking-up apparatus.
In the case of known to homography matrix H and Intrinsic Matrix K, can be calculated according to equation 2 spin matrix R and
Translation vector T.Wherein, r1And r2Can be calculated based on equation 2, the 3rd row r of spin matrix R3Spin matrix can be utilized
R is that the property of unit orthogonal matrix is calculated as r3=r1×r2, wherein "×" represent vector apposition computing.
It should be understood that in the case of known to spin matrix R, the plane where can calculating one display layer is relative
In the anglec of rotation a of the imaging plane of image picking-up apparatusx、ayAnd az:
ax=-arccos(vx TR vx),ay=-arccos(vy TR vy),az=-arccos(vz TR vz),
Wherein, vx、vyAnd vzRepresent respectively three reference axis X along the local three-dimensional coordinate system of one display layer,
The unit column vector of Y and Z-direction.
Because the Intrinsic Matrix for obtaining image picking-up apparatus is known, will not be described again.Show at one
In example, Intrinsic Matrix can be expressed as followsin:
Wherein, [u0, v0] it is principal point(principle point)In the second image(Or the imaging of image picking-up apparatus is put down
Face)In coordinate, fuAnd fvRepresent camera in the second image respectively(The imaging plane of image picking-up apparatus)Two reference axis sides
Upward focal length, s is the obliquity factor of described two reference axis.
In step 105, it is determined whether all display layers for three dimensional display perform step 101-105.
If all display layers for being directed to three dimensional display perform step 101-104, step 106 is carried out.
If all display layers also not for three dimensional display perform step 101-104, return to step 101,
Step 101-104 is performed for remaining another display layer.
So, according to above-mentioned steps, can obtain multiple display layers of three dimensional display each with image picking-up apparatus it
Between position relationship.
Then, it is described many to obtain relative to the position relationship of image picking-up apparatus according to each display layer in step 106
Position relationship between individual display layer, so as to complete the demarcation of three dimensional display.Specifically, each display layer phase is being obtained
After for the rotation and translation of image picking-up apparatus, the rotation and translation between multiple display layers can be obtained.
It should be understood that during step 101-104 is performed for each layer, the camera site of image picking-up apparatus and attitude
Keep it is constant, and three dimensional display position and attitude also keep constant.
Multiple field three dimensional display of the invention(MLD)Scaling method can be implemented as computer program.The meter
Calculation machine program can be loaded into the controller that can be controlled to the display of three dimensional display and image picking-up apparatus, can be led to
Cross the computer program to control the display of three dimensional display and the operation of image picking-up apparatus, so as to perform corresponding demarcation grasp
Make.
Alternatively, scaling method of the invention may also include the steps of:Using many of the three dimensional display for detecting
Position relationship between individual display layer checks the position relationship between the multiple display layer to meet design requirement, determining to produce
Whether product are qualified.
If additionally, the position relationship is unsatisfactory for design requirement, it is possible to use the multiple of the three dimensional display of detection shows
Show that the position relationship between layer carries out physical correction to the position of the multiple layer, to cause the position between the multiple display layer
The relation of putting meets design requirement.
Further, it is also possible to further test position relation come to correction result feed back, to determine whether to correct successfully.
Alternatively, scaling method of the invention may also include the steps of:Using the multiple display of three dimensional display
Position relationship between layer adjusts the display rendering parameter of three dimensional display, to reduce due to the position between the multiple layer
The collimation error caused by error.In other words, reduced by way of software due to display performance caused by site error
Decline.
Fig. 2 shows multiple field three dimensional display according to an embodiment of the invention(MLD)Calibration facility block diagram.
As shown in Fig. 2 calibration facility of the invention 200 includes image picking-up apparatus 210, communication unit 220, display
Controller 230, homography computing unit 240, position determination unit 250.
Image picking-up apparatus 210 are used for shooting image.Image picking-up apparatus 210 can use charge coupled device(CCD)
Sensor, complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS)(CMOS)The imageing sensors such as sensor are realized.
The communication that communication unit 220 is used between calibration facility 200 and three dimensional display to be calibrated.Communication unit 220
Can be wire communication facility or Wireless Telecom Equipment.
Display controller 230 can be controlled by communication unit 220 to three dimensional display.
Specifically, display controller 230 is controlled via communication unit 220 to three dimensional display to be calibrated, comes
So that multiple display layer predetermined orders of the three dimensional display individually show the first image.In other words, first is shown every time
During image, only the first image is shown on a display layer.
For example, display controller 230 can send out the display control order of the first image and correlation via communication unit 220
Three dimensional display is given to realize the above-mentioned display of the first image.Additionally, the first image test image can also divide by default
It is not stored in three dimensional display and calibration facility, without transmitting the first figure between three dimensional display and calibration facility
Picture.
It is controllable after a display layer of the control three dimensional display of display controller 230 individually shows the first image
210 pairs of display layers of imaged capture apparatus the first image displayed separately is shot to obtain the second image.So, due to
First image displayed separately to each display layer shoots, and can obtain multiple second images, each second image correspondence
In the first image that a display layer shows.
Here, during the entire process of being shot to each display layer the first image displayed separately, image taking sets
Standby 210 position and attitude keep constant, and three dimensional display position and attitude also keep constant.
Homography computing unit 240 using the first image and the second image calculate each display layer and image picking-up apparatus it
Between homography.Specifically, using the first image and the second figure corresponding with the first image that a display layer shows
Picture(That is, comprising the second image of the first image shown by the display layer)To calculate between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus
Homography.
Specifically, homography computing unit 240 using in the first image o'clock the first image the first coordinate and
Corresponding points in second image calculate the homography square between the first image and the second image in the second coordinate of the second image
Battle array.The homography matrix represents the homography between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus of the first image of display.Using existing
Some technologies or equation(1)Calculate homography matrix.
Homography computing unit 240 can be implemented nextport hardware component NextPort.Those skilled in the art are according to homography computing unit 240
Performed treatment, can for example use field programmable gate array(FPGA)Or application specific integrated circuit(ASIC)To realize single answering
Property computing unit 240.
Position determination unit 250 calculates position of each display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus using the homography for calculating
Relation, to obtain the position relationship between the multiple display layer.
Position determination unit 250 can utilize previously described equation(2)Or equation(2)With(3)Calculate each display layer
Rotation and translation relation between image picking-up apparatus.Obtain each display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus rotation and
After translation, position determination unit 250 can obtain the rotation and translation between multiple display layers.
Position determination unit 250 can be implemented nextport hardware component NextPort.Those skilled in the art are held according to position determination unit 250
Capable treatment, can for example use field programmable gate array(FPGA)Or application specific integrated circuit(ASIC)To realize that position determines
Unit 250.
Additionally, display controller 230 can also be according to the position relationship between the multiple display layers for having obtained, via communication
Unit 220 controls three dimensional display to adjust the display rendering parameter of three dimensional display, to reduce due between the multiple layer
Site error caused by the collimation error.
In another embodiment, calibration facility of the invention also includes display unit(It is not shown).Display unit can
To show the position relationship between the multiple display layer, for example, the rotation and translation relation between each display layer.
The calibration facility and scaling method of multiple field three dimensional display of the invention, by causing three dimensional display
The independent display image of each display layer, and to show image shoot, such that it is able to using display image with shoot
Homography between image obtains the position relationship between display layer.
Although the present invention, those skilled in the art are particularly shown and described with reference to its exemplary embodiment
It should be understood that in the case where the spirit and scope of the present invention that claim is limited are not departed from, form can be carried out to it
With the various changes in details.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of method for demarcating three dimensional display, the three dimensional display includes multiple display layers, and methods described includes
Following steps:
A () control three dimensional display only shows the first image on a display layer;
B () controls image picking-up apparatus to be shot to obtain the second image to the first image for showing;
C () is calculated between one display layer and the imaging plane of image picking-up apparatus using the first image and the second image
Homography;
D () calculates position relationship of one display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus using the homography for calculating,
Wherein, each display layer for three dimensional display performs step (a), (b), (c) and (d), according to each display layer phase
The position relationship between the multiple display layer is obtained for the position relationship of image picking-up apparatus.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein step (c) includes:
From first coordinate of the first image zooming-out predetermined point in the first image;
From second coordinate of the predetermined point described in the second image zooming-out in the second image;
The homography matrix between the first image and the second image is calculated using the first coordinate and the second coordinate.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, step (d) includes:Using the intrinsic parameter of image picking-up apparatus from homography
Matrix extracts the spin matrix and translation vector between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, homography matrix is expressed as the Intrinsic Matrix and profit of image picking-up apparatus
The product of the matrix formed with spin matrix and translation vector.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein when each display layer for three dimensional display performs step (b), figure
As the position of capture apparatus is identical with attitude.
6. the method for claim 1, also includes:According to the position relationship between the multiple display layer come to described many
Position between individual display layer is corrected.
7. the method for claim 1, also includes:Three-dimensional is adjusted according to the position relationship between the multiple display layer
The display rendering parameter of display.
8. the method for claim 1, wherein step (b) includes:First image of the control image picking-up apparatus to display
Partly or entirely shot to obtain the second image.
9. a kind of equipment for demarcating three dimensional display, the three dimensional display includes multiple display layers, it is characterised in that bag
Include:
Communication unit, is communicated with three dimensional display;
Display controller, controls three dimensional display to cause that the multiple display layer predetermined order individually shows via communication unit
Show the first image;
Image picking-up apparatus, first image displayed separately to each display layer is shot to obtain the second image;
Homography computing unit, calculates each display layer and is put down with the imaging of image picking-up apparatus using the first image and the second image
Homography between face;
Position determination unit, position relationship of each display layer relative to image picking-up apparatus is calculated using the homography for calculating,
To obtain the position relationship between the multiple display layer.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein, homography computing unit using in the first image o'clock in the first image
In coordinate and the second image in coordinate of the corresponding points in the second image, calculate the list between the first image and the second image
Answering property matrix.
11. equipment as claimed in claim 10, wherein, position determination unit is answered using the intrinsic parameter of image picking-up apparatus from single
Property matrix extract spin matrix and translation vector between the display layer and image picking-up apparatus.
12. equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein, in each display layer displayed separately first for three dimensional display
When image is shot respectively, the position of image picking-up apparatus is identical with attitude.
13. equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein, display controller according to the position relationship between the multiple display layer,
Three dimensional display is controlled via communication unit to adjust the display rendering parameter of three dimensional display.
14. equipment as claimed in claim 9, also include:Display unit, shows that the position between the multiple display layer is closed
System.
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CN201210482790.2A CN103841394B (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | The calibration facility and scaling method of multiple field three dimensional display |
KR1020130051790A KR20140066634A (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2013-05-08 | Apparatus and method for standardizing multi-layer 3d displays |
KR1020130105308A KR102110542B1 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2013-09-03 | Apparatus and method for calibration multi-layer 3d displays |
US14/058,591 US9560343B2 (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2013-10-21 | Apparatus and method for calibrating multi-layer three-dimensional (3D) display |
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CN1421020A (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2003-05-28 | 佳能株式会社 | Image processing apparatus |
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WO2010023537A1 (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-03-04 | Puredepth Limited | Improvements in multi-layered displays |
JP2013546220A (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-12-26 | サムスン エレクトロニクス カンパニー リミテッド | Display device, signal processing device and method thereof |
KR101694294B1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2017-01-09 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Apparatus and method for calibrating camera with imaged parallelograms and multi-view constraints |
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