CN103840866B - Distributed beam forming method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed beam forming method and system. The distributed beam forming method comprises the steps that (a), N network SoAs and network DoBs receive and estimate a first reference signal broadcast by a network DoA; (b), N SoAs receive and estimate a second reference signal broadcast by the network DoBs; (c), each SoA broadcasts an communication state message to other SoAs, and K SoAs which are marked as K(m) and finally participate in beam forming are screened out, wherein m ranges from one to K; (d), a downlink transmission signal is sent according to the sequence from the SoA K(1) to the SoA K(K); (e), an uplink transmission signal is sent according to the sequence from the SoA K(K) to the SoA K(1); (f), the SoA K(m) calculates a value of characteristic quantity of a carrier signal used when beam forming is carried out by estimating the signals, and the value is based to form a carrier for beam forming. The disturbance on the DoBs from beam forming signals is little, and power is high when the beam forming signals are transmitted to the DoA.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, in particular it relates to a kind of distributed beams manufacturing process and system.It is special
Not, the present invention is applied to sensor network, cognition wireless network.
Background technology
Beam shaping is such a technology, and in the art, multiple antennas jointly form aerial array, to same
Signal is transmitted, by the beam shaping weight coefficient for adjusting every antenna so that the receiving end signal intensity of some positions
Increase.Beam forming technique can improve signal to noise ratio, increase safety, expands communication range.Specifically, if keeping signal to noise ratio phase
Together, then the gross energy that N roots omnidirectional antenna does that beam shaping consumed in the case of carrier synchronization is only that single omni is straight
The catabiotic 1/N of signal institute is received and sent, therefore energy can greatly be saved using beam forming technique.In other words, disappearing
In the case of consuming identical gross energy, doing beam shaping can make signal to noise ratio improve N times.In many wireless networks（Such as GSM network, CDMA
Network, LTE network, sensor network）In, the usual very little of communication terminal and battery-powered is very sensitive to energy expenditure, because
This, it is very suitable to do beam shaping.For example, it is single because communication terminal is very little and power limited in sensor network
Individual communication terminal can not even send signal to base station farther out sometimes, and needing multiple communication terminals to do beam shaping could handle
Signal is sent to these base stations.
Beam shaping is divided into centralized beam shaping and distributed beams shaping.In centralized beam shaping, wave beam is done
Multiple antennas of shaping are on an equipment.For example, a mobile phone can configure many antennas to do beam shaping.This method
Advantage be that the signal that multiple antennas send has identical carrier wave, it is easy to realize the synchronization of carrier wave, have the disadvantage due to mobile phone
The restriction of physical size, multiple antennas is configured on single mobile phone and is difficult to realize.In distributed beams shaping, beam shaping is done
Multiple antennas on the different equipment.For example, a mobile phone can configure an antenna, and the scattered mobile phone of a group is combined
Beam shaping is done to form virtual aerial array.The advantage of this method is that each equipment only needs to an antenna, holds very much
Easily realize.But has a problem in that the carrier wave of the signal sent from every antenna and differ, can when then these signals reach receiving terminals
Be able to can cancel out each other, so as to reduce the received signal strength of signal receiving end.Therefore, in distributed beams shaping, need to examine
Consider the stationary problem of the local clock of the generation signal carrier of the equipment of sending signal.
The local clock for making each communication equipment of distributed beams shaping is not complete with what these local clocks were given
There is deviation between time.Specifically, doing the time of the local clock of the communication equipment of distributed beams shaping can represent
For t=β (t0+ Δ), wherein, t0For the time of standard time clock, β is the deviation system of the local clock relative to standard time clock of the equipment
Number, Δ is the droop of the local clock relative to standard time clock of the equipment（Referring to E.Baghdady, R.Lincoln, and
B.Nelin,“Short-term frequency stability:Characterization,theory,and
measurement”,Proc.IEEE,Vol.53,No.7,pp.704-722,Jul.1965）.Here it is possible to set arbitrary reference set
Standby clock be standard time clock, and when in communication between very in short-term, Δ can be considered as time-independent constant.
Non-patent literature 1（D.R.Brown III and H.Y.Poor,"Time-slotted round-trip
carrier synchronization for distributed beamforming",IEEE Trans.on Signal
Processing,Vol.56,No.II,pp.5630-5643,November2008）Propose a kind of distributed beams shaping
Carrier synchronization method, Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the carrier synchronization method of the distributed beams shaping.Specifically, Fig. 1 shows
One network A, the N number of communication equipment SoA in network A1～SoANJoin together to do distributed beams shaping, these communication equipments
For network A source node（Source node of network A, SoA）, and the communication that beam-formed signal is received in network A sets
Standby DoA is network A destination node（Destination node of network A, DoA）.In order that SoA1～SoANSend
Signal forms coherent superposition when DoA is reached, in SoA1～SoANBefore transmission signal, need to synchronize signal carrier.
In the carrier synchronization method of the distributed beams shaping shown in Fig. 1, first, in the first stage, in time slot 1,
DoA is to all of SoA（That is SoA1～SoAN）One reference signal of broadcastWherein, the clock of DoA can be set to standard
Clock, its time uses t0Represent, ω0、Respectively frequency and phase place of the reference signal under the clock system.SoAi（I=1～
N）Receive the local clock t according to oneself after the reference signali=βi(t0+Δi) estimate the frequency and phase of the reference signal
Position ωi1、And stored.
Then, in second stage, in time slot 2, SoA1According to the frequencies omega that it is estimated to the reference signal11And phase
PositionForm descending transmission signal and send it to SoA2, SoA2Receive and estimated according to the local clock of oneself after the signal
Go out the frequencies omega of the signal22And phase placeAnd store.Then, in time slot 3, SoA2According to frequencies omega22And phase placeForm new descending transmission signal and send it to SoA3, SoA3Receive after the descending transmission signal according to the sheet of oneself
Ground clock estimates the frequencies omega of the signal32And phase placeAnd store.So press SoA1→SoA2→…→SoAN's
Order goes on, in time slot N, SoAN-1According to frequencies omega(N-1)2And phase placeForm new descending transmission signal simultaneously
Send it to SoAN, SoANReceive and the frequencies omega of the signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself after the signalN2And phase placeAnd store.
Then, in the phase III, in time slot（N+1）In, SoANAccording to its frequency estimated to the reference signal
ωN1And phase placeForm ascending transmission signal and send it to SoAN-1, SoAN-1Receive the sheet according to oneself after the signal
Ground clock estimates the frequencies omega of the signal(N-1)3And phase placeAnd store.Then, in time slot（N+2）In,
SoAN-1According to frequencies omega(N-1)3And phase placeForm new ascending transmission signal and send it to SoAN-2, SoAN-2Receive
The frequencies omega of the signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself to after the signal(N-2)3And phase placeAnd store.
So press SoAN→SoAN-1→…→SoA1Order go on, in time slot 2N-1, SoA2According to frequencies omega23And phase placeForm new ascending transmission signal and send it to SoA1, SoA1Receive the local clock after the signal according to oneself to estimate
Count out the frequencies omega of the signal13And phase placeAnd store.
After the communication in above three stage, each SoA preserves three class frequencys and phase place, i.e. SoAi（I=1～N）
Preserve the frequencies omega of the reference signal for estimatingi1And phase placeThe frequencies omega of the descending transmission signali2And phase placeAnd the frequencies omega of the ascending transmission signali3And phase placeEach SoA can be counted according to this three class frequency and phase place
Calculating it carries out using the frequency and phase place of carrier wave during beam shaping.Finally, in time slot 2N, SoAi（I=1～N）Enter traveling wave
Beam shaping.
The advantage of said method is that the DoA of reception beam-formed signal only need to be to the SoA for sending beam-formed signal1~
SoANSend a reference signal, so that it may make SoA1～SoANUsed when determining and doing beam shaping on the basis of communicating with one another
Carrier wave frequency and phase place.As DoA and SoA1～SoANBetween communication cost be much larger than SoA1～SoANCommunication each other
During cost（The situation of such as above-mentioned sensor network）, it is very suitable that carrier synchronization is carried out in this way.
In increasingly complex situation, doing when distributed beams shape will not only consider to make beam-formed signal in some positions
Putting place's intensity increases, while it is also contemplated that making beam-formed signal strength reduction at other positions.For example, in conventional wireless
In communication network and cognition wireless network and the network deposited, conventional wireless communication network constitutes master network（Referred to as network B）, it is cognitive
Wireless network constitutes time network（Such as above-mentioned network A）.In order to effectively utilize frequency spectrum resource, cognition wireless network will be with tradition
Cordless communication network share spectrum resources.Generally, the method for share spectrum resources has two kinds, and a kind of method is referred to as opportunistic spectrum and connects
Enter（Opportunistic Spectrum Access, OSA）, i.e. secondary network finds the frequency spectrum resource that master network wouldn't be used,
And communicated using these idle frequency spectrum resources；Another kind of method is referred to as parallel frequency spectrum access（Concurrent Spectrum
Access, CSA）, i.e. secondary network and master network use common frequency spectrum, but interference of the secondary network to master network is necessarily less than rule
Fixed value.In above-mentioned CSA situations, time network had both been required（Such as above-mentioned network A）In do distributed beams shaping communication
Equipment（Such as above-mentioned SoA1～SoAN）Can be with the communication equipment of reception beam-formed signal in the network（Such as above-mentioned DoA）
Normal communication is realized, and reduces energy expenditure as far as possible, the communication that time network is required again avoids interference master network, example as far as possible
Such as, it is desirable to which the beam-formed signal that SoA1～SoAN sends receives the communication equipment of beam-formed signal in network B is reached（Can
Referred to as network B destination node（DoB, destination node of network B））Shi Qiangdu is less.However, above-mentioned non-special
The carrier synchronization method of the distributed beams shaping in sharp document 1 can not be used in this situation.
The content of the invention
The present invention is made to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art, be its object is to, there is provided one
Plant distributed beams manufacturing process and system so that the DoB in DoA and network B in network A need to only broadcast one with reference to letter
Number, so that it may make the SoA that beam shaping is done in network A1～SoANUsed when determining and doing beam shaping on the basis of communicating with one another
Carrier wave frequency, phase and amplitude, and when carrying out beam shaping using such carrier wave for determining, beam-formed signal pair
The interference of DoB is less, while beam-formed signal power when DoA is reached is larger, in addition the transmit power of each SoA will be little
In its maximum transmission power.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of distributed beams manufacturing process, the method includes：a）Network A mesh
Node DoA to do distributed beams shaping N number of network A source node S oAi（I=1～N）And to network B destination node
DoB broadcasts the first reference signal, SoAi（I=1～N）Receive after the first reference signal according to the local clock of oneself point with DoB
Do not estimate the value of the characteristic quantity of first reference signal；b）The characteristic quantity of the first reference signal that DoB is estimated according to oneself
Value form the second reference signal, and to SoAi（I=1～N）Broadcast the second reference signal, SoAi（I=1～N）Receive the second ginseng
Examine the value of the characteristic quantity for estimating second reference signal after signal respectively according to the local clock of oneself；c）SoAi（I=1～N）
In the first reference signals for being estimated according to oneself of each SoA and the value of characteristic quantity of the second reference signal form the logical of oneself
Letter status information, and broadcast the communications status information, communications status of each SoA according to all SoA for obtaining to remaining SoA
Information filters out final K network A source node S oA for participating in beam shaping according to same algorithmK(m)（M=1～K, K≤N）；d）
SoA K(1)The value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal estimated according to oneself forms descending transmission signal, and by the descending biography
Delivery signal is sent to SoAK(2), then, by SoAK(2)→SoAK(3)→…→SoAK(K-1)Order, each SoA receives upper one
The descending transmission signal of SoA transmissions, value, basis that the descending characteristic quantity for transmitting signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself
The value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal forms new descending transmission signal and is sent to down the new descending transmission signal
One SoA, last SoAK(K)Receive SoAK(K-1)The descending transmission signal for sending, and this is estimated according to the local clock of oneself
The value of the characteristic quantity of descending transmission signal；e）SoAK(K)The value shape of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal estimated according to oneself
Into ascending transmission signal, and the ascending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(K-1), then, by SoAK(K-1)→SoAK(K-2)→…→
SoAK(2)Order, each SoA receives the ascending transmission signal of next one SoA transmissions, estimated according to the local clock of oneself
The value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal, new ascending transmission signal is formed according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal
And the new ascending transmission signal is sent to into upper a SoA, last SoAK(1)Receive SoAK(2)The ascending transmission signal of transmission,
And estimate the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal according to the local clock of oneself；f）SoAK(m)（M=1～K）In each
SoA is according to oneself in step a）、b）、d）、e）The value of the characteristic quantity of each signal of middle acquisition calculates used when doing beam shaping
The value of the characteristic quantity of carrier signal, and form carrier wave to carry out beam shaping according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the carrier signal.
Wherein, SoAi（I=1～N）Local clock can be ti=βi(t0+Δi), the local clock of DoB can be tB=βB
(t0+ΔB), wherein, t0For the clock of DoA, βiFor SoAiLocal clock relative to DoA clocks deviation factor, ΔiFor SoAi
Local clock relative to DoA clocks droop, βBFor DoB local clock relative to DoA clocks deviation factor, ΔB
For DoB local clock relative to DoA clocks droop.
Preferably, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）In step a）、b）、d）、e）The value of the characteristic quantity of each signal of middle acquisition is at least
Can include：SoAK(m)The phase place of the first estimated reference signalValue, the frequency of the second reference signal
ωK(m)2, phase placeWith amplitude aK(m)2Value, the frequencies omega of descending transmission signalK(m)4And phase placeValue, up
The frequencies omega of transmission signalK(m)5And phase placeValue, it is further preferred that SoAK(m)（M=1～K）Do beam shaping when institute
Can include frequencies omega with the characteristic quantity of carrier signalK(m), phase placeWith amplitude aK(m), its value can pass through following formula meters
Calculate：
ωK(m)=(ωK(m)4+ωK(m)5)-ωK(m)2
aK(m)=1/aK(m)2
Furthermore it is preferred that SoAi（I=1～N）In step a）、b）In estimated the first reference signal and the second reference
The value of the characteristic quantity of signal can at least include：The phase place of the first reference signalValue, the phase place of the second reference signal
With the value of amplitude a i2, and SoAi（I=1～N）According toWith the communications status information that a i2 form oneself.
If it is further preferred thatWherein, PiFor SoAiMaximum transmission power, then SoAiBy oneself
Communications status can be set to the first communications status；IfAndMain value ∈ [0, π), then SoAiBy oneself
Communications status can be set to the second communications status；IfAndMain value ∈ [- π, 0), then SoAiBy oneself
Communications status can be set to third communication state.
Still further preferably, SoAi（I=1～N）Forming the communications status information of oneself can be included the communication of oneself
State is encoded.
Preferably, SoAi（I=1～N）Filter out final K network A source node S oA for participating in beam shapingK(m)（M=1～
K, K≤N）Algorithm can include：Remove the SoA with the first communications status.
It is further preferred that SoAi（I=1～N）Filter out final K network A source node S oA for participating in beam shapingK(m)
（M=1～K, K≤N）Algorithm can also include：In class SoA with the second communications status and with third communication state
In one class SoA, some SoA in more class SoA of number are removed so that the number of two classes SoA is equal.
The network A can be sensor network or cognition wireless network, and the network B can be conventional wireless network.
According to a further aspect in the invention, there is provided a kind of distributed beams formation system, it includes：Do distributed beams into
N number of network A source node of shape（SoA）, network A destination node（DoA）With network B destination node（DoB）, wherein, N is nature
Number, DoA is configured with the first transmitting element, and DoB is configured with the second transmitting element, the second receiving unit, secondary signal characteristic quantity and estimates
Meter unit, each SoA is configured with the 3rd transmitting element, the 3rd receiving unit, the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit, communications status
Information forming unit, screening unit, computing unit, also,
First transmitting element of DoA is to the N number of SoA that do distributed beams shaping and to DoB broadcast first with reference to letter
Number, second receiving unit of DoB and the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA are received after the first reference signal, the secondary signal of DoB
The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of characteristic quantity estimation unit and each SoA estimates respectively this according to the local clock of oneself
The value of the characteristic quantity of the first reference signal；
The first reference signal that second transmitting element of DoB is estimated according to the secondary signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of DoB
The value of characteristic quantity form the second reference signal, and broadcast the second reference signal to each SoA, the 3rd reception of each SoA is single
Unit is received after the second reference signal, and the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of each SoA is distinguished according to the local clock of oneself
Estimate the value of the characteristic quantity of second reference signal；
The communications status information forming unit of each SoA in N number of SoA is estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity of the SoA
The first reference signal and the value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal that unit estimation goes out forms the communications status information of oneself, and leads to
The 3rd transmitting element for crossing the SoA broadcasts the communications status information to remaining SoA, and the screening unit of each SoA is according to the SoA
The communications status information of all SoA for obtaining filters out final K SoA for participating in beam shaping according to same algorithmK(m)（m=1
～K, K≤N）；
SoA K(1)The 3rd transmitting element the second reference signal for being estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit
The value of characteristic quantity forms descending transmission signal, and the descending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(2), then, by SoAK(2)→
SoAK(3)→…→SoAK(K-1)Order, the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA receives the 3rd transmitting element of a upper SoA and sends out
The descending transmission signal that send, that the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the SoA estimates this according to the local clock of oneself is descending
The value of characteristic quantity of transmission signal, the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA are formed newly according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal
Descending transmission signal and the new descending transmission signal is sent to into next SoA, last SoAK(K)The 3rd receiving unit
Receive SoAK(K-1)The descending transmission signal that sends of the 3rd transmitting element, and SoAK(K)The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimate single
Unit estimates the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal according to the local clock of oneself；
SoA K(K)The 3rd transmitting element the second reference signal for being estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit
The value of characteristic quantity forms ascending transmission signal, and the ascending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(K-1), then, by SoAK(K-1)→
SoAK(K-2)→…→SoAK(2) order, the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA receives the 3rd transmitting element of next one SoA
The ascending transmission signal that send, that the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the SoA estimates this according to the local clock of oneself is up
The value of characteristic quantity of transmission signal, the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA are formed newly according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal
Ascending transmission signal and the new ascending transmission signal is sent to into upper a SoA, last SoAK(1)The 3rd receiving unit
Receive SoAK(2)The ascending transmission signal that sends of the 3rd transmitting element, and SoAK(1)The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit
The value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself；
SoAK(m)（M=1～K）In each SoA computing unit according to the feature of each signal for obtaining in above process
The value of amount calculates the value of the characteristic quantity of carrier signal used when doing beam shaping, and the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA according to
The value of the characteristic quantity of the carrier signal forms carrier wave to carry out beam shaping.
The advantage of the carrier synchronization method of distributed beams of the present invention shaping is, the DoA and network B in network A
In DoB need to only broadcast a reference signal, so that it may make the SoA that beam shaping is done in network A1～SoANIn the base for communicating with one another
Frequency, the phase and amplitude for doing the carrier wave used during beam shaping is determined on plinth, need not be anti-between DoA or DoB and SoA
Feedforward information.Especially, it is the SoA of beam shaping1～SoANThe reference signal broadcasted according to DoA and DoB can be filtered out and is suitable for
The final SoA for participating in beam shaping.The SoA that these are filtered out when beam shaping is done, beam-formed signal reach DoB when intensity
Can close zero, so as to greatly reduce the interference to master network receiving terminal.Simultaneously as these SoA are when beam shaping is done
The signal of transmission is when DoA is reached, and frequency is consistent, phase place concentrate on [0, π) or [- π, 0) in, therefore mutually long superposition can be presented
Situation so that beam-formed signal reach DoA when power it is larger.In addition, the transmission power of these SoA for filtering out is equal
Less than its maximum transmission power.
Description of the drawings
According to following detailed descriptions for carrying out referring to the drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become
Must become apparent from.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram, shows the carrier synchronization method of the distributed beams shaping described in non-patent literature 1；
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram, shows a conventional wireless communication network and does the cognition wireless network of beam shaping and deposit
Network；
Fig. 3 is flow chart, shows the distributed beams manufacturing process described in one embodiment of the present of invention；
First stage in the distributed beams manufacturing process that Fig. 4 a-4f respectively illustrate described in one embodiment of the present of invention
Figure is moved towards to the signal in the 6th stage；
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram, to show and filter out final the K for participating in beam shaping described in one embodiment of the present of invention
The algorithm of SoA；
Fig. 6 is block diagram, shows the distributed beams formation system described in one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 7 is simulation result figure, when showing using beam-forming method of the present invention, the average wave beam of network A into
Shape power gain is over time；
Fig. 8 is simulation result figure, when showing using beam-forming method of the present invention, SoA beam-formed signals
To the average interference power of DoB over time.
In all of the figs identical label indicates similar or corresponding feature or function.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, for purposes of illustration, in order to provide the comprehensive understanding to one or more embodiments, explain
Many details are stated.It may be evident, however, that these embodiments can also be realized in the case of without these details.
In addition, for the ease of describing one or more embodiments, known structure and equipment are illustrated in block form an.
In the present specification and claims, sentence is expressed " to SoAiSending signal " actually refers to that transmission supplies SoAi
The signal of reception.In addition, the grade of ordinal number first, second, and third is only used for distinguishing similar device, unit, signal and physics
Amount etc., not represents the importance or order of these devices, unit, signal and physical quantity etc..
Fig. 2 shows a conventional wireless communication network and does the cognition wireless network that distributed beams shape and the net deposited
Network, wherein, in order to simply count, cognition wireless network A merely illustrates N number of network A source node for doing distributed beams shaping（SoA1
～SoAN）With network A destination node DoA for receiving beam-formed signal, conventional wireless communication network B then merely illustrates received wave
Network B destination node DoB of beam shaping signal.
Fig. 3 is flow chart, shows the distributed beams manufacturing process described in one embodiment of the present of invention.Fig. 4 a-4f
The first stage for showing the distributed beams manufacturing process moves towards figure to the signal in the 6th stage.As shown in figure 3, this
Distributed beams manufacturing process described in bright one embodiment comprises the steps：
First, in the first phase, in step slo, network A destination node（DoA）Shape to do distributed beams
N number of network A source node S oAi（I=1～N）And to network B destination node（DoB）Broadcast the first reference signal.SoAi（i=1
～N）It is numbered, its sequence number is determined in advance according to agreement, and causes each side for participating in communication to know the sequence number.Described
One reference signal can be expressed as exampleWherein, the local clock of DoA can be set to standard time clock, and its time uses t0Table
Show, ω0、Frequency and phase place of respectively the first reference signal under the clock.
SoAi（I=1～N）Receive the local clock t according to oneself after the first reference signali=βi(t0+Δi) estimate respectively
Go out the value of the characteristic quantity of the first reference signal.Hereinafter, the characteristic quantity of the various signals for being sent during carrier synchronization can be wrapped
Include frequency, phase and amplitude.Here, SoAi（I=1～N）At least estimate the phase place of the first reference signal（Wherein, subscript i
Represent SoAi, the expression first stage of subscript 1）And stored.Meanwhile, DoB is received after the first reference signal according to certainly
Oneself local clock tB=βB(t0+ΔB) estimate the first reference signal characteristic quantity value, at least including frequencies omegaBAnd phase placeValue.Fig. 4 a schematically illustrate the process, and the process is the first stage of this method, and the stage occurs in time slot 1.
Then, in second stage, in step S20, the frequency of the first reference signal that DoB is estimated according to oneself
ωBAnd phase placeForm the second reference signal, and to SoAi（I=1～N）Broadcast the second reference signal, the second reference signal can be with
It is expressed asWherein, tBFor the time of the local clock of DoB, a is the amplitude of the second reference signal.
SoAi（I=1～N）Receive the local clock t according to oneself after the second reference signali=βi(t0+Δi) estimate respectively
Go out the value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal, including frequencies omegai2, phase placeWith amplitude ai2Value（Here, subscript i is represented
SoAi, the expression second stage of subscript 2）, and stored, wherein, ai2=a·bBi, bBiIt is the channel pair from DoB to SoAi
The amplitude fading factor of signal.Fig. 4 b schematically illustrate the process, and the process is the second stage of this method, and the stage occurs
In time slot 2.
After the first and second stages, SoAiObtain one group of estimated valueωi2、And ai2（I=1～N）.So
Afterwards, in the phase III, in step s 30, SoAiThe feature of the first and second reference signals that can be estimated according to oneself
Amount（IncludingAnd ai2）Value form the communications status information of oneself, and broadcast communications status letter to remaining SoA
Breath.Then, each SoA can obtain SoA1～SoANCommunications status information.
Usually, the angle for affecting on DoB from beam-formed signal, can be by SoA considering1～SoANCommunications status
It is divided into away from DoB farther out and away from nearlyer two big class of DoB, for example, works as ai2When less, then SoAiAway from DoB farther out, a is worked asi2When larger, then
SoAiIt is nearer away from DoB；And can press away from DoB nearer SoAThe positive and negative of main value be divided into two groups, herein, phase
The main value of position or phase contrast refers to infinite multiple difference 2k π of phase place or phase contrast（K is integer）Angle value in be located at [- π,
That angle value in π).In one embodiment, ifWherein, PiFor SoAiMaximum transmission power, then
SoAiThe communications status of oneself can be set to the first communications status；IfAndMain value ∈ [0, π),
Then SoAiThe communications status of oneself can be set to the second communications status；IfAndMain value ∈ [- π,
0), then SoAiThe communications status of oneself can be set to third communication state.Further, SoAi（I=1～N）Can be by will be from
Oneself communications status are encoded to form the communications status information of oneself.In the above-described embodiments, due to there is three kinds of states to need
Encode, therefore can be encoded using 2 bits.For example, the first communications status can be encoded to 00, by the second communication shape
State is encoded to 11, is 10 by third communication state encoding.It should be noted that the coding of above-mentioned communications status is not unique, as long as
SoA1～SoANThese communications status can be distinguished by encoded signal according to prior agreement.
Each SoA filters out final participation wave beam according to the communications status information of all SoA for obtaining according to same algorithm
K network A source node S oA of shapingK(m)（M=1～K, K≤N）.This process is actually from SoA1～SoANIt is middle to exclude
SoA so that the power of remaining SoA transmission signals when beam shaping is done is less than maximum transmission power, and the ripple for being sent
Interference very little of the beam shaping signal to DoB, and the beam-formed signal reach DoA when then power it is larger.Due to each SoA institute
The communications status information of all SoA for obtaining is identical, and the algorithm of screening is also identical, therefore, SoA1～SoANIn it is every
Individual SoA can know the SoA of the final participation beam shaping for filtering out.Fig. 4 c schematically illustrate the process, and the process is
The phase III of this method, the stage occurs in time slot 3 to time slot N+2.
Illustrate the algorithm for filtering out final K SoA for participating in beam shaping in an illustrative manner below with reference to Fig. 5.Fig. 5 is
Schematic diagram, shows the algorithm for filtering out final K SoA for participating in beam shaping described in one embodiment of the present of invention.Such as
Shown in Fig. 5, it is possible, firstly, to from SoA1～SoAN（Here, N=11）It is middle to remove the SoA with the first communications status（For example, in Fig. 5
It is encoded to 00 SoA1And SoA5）.These SoA farther out, if participating in beam shaping, are needed with bigger energy apart from DoB
Amount transmission signal, can so exceed the maximum transmission power of the SoA, it is therefore desirable to remove.
Then, with the second communications status（Main value ∈ [0, π)）Class SoA and with third communication shape
State（Main value ∈ [- π, 0)）Class SoA in, remove some SoA in more class SoA of number so that two classes
The number of SoA is equal.Here, the rule of removal is predetermined, and for example, the predetermined removal rule in Fig. 5 is, by the volume of SoA
Order number from big to small is removed, but the invention is not restricted to this.In the example as shown in fig. 5, with the second communications status（Main value ∈ [0, π), it is encoded to 11）SoA ratios there is third communication state（[0)-π, compiles main value ∈
Code is 10）SoA it is many one, therefore, remove a largest number of SoA from the SoA with the second communications status（I.e.
SoA10）So that two class SoA numbers are equal.It should be noted that knowable to following description, when the number of two class SoA it is equal
When, to the interference of DoB it is zero when they do beam shaping.
Finally, remaining SoA is recompiled at predetermined regular, forms final K net for participating in beam shaping
Network A source node Ss oAK(m)（M=1～K, K≤N）.SoAK(m)It is meant that, numbering is the SoA of m in remaining K SoA.Fig. 5's
In example, it is left 8 SoA, numbering is respectively SoA8(1)～SoA8(8)。
Fig. 2 is returned, final K SoA for participating in beam shaping is being filtered outK(m)（M=1～K）Afterwards, in fourth stage,
In step S40, SoAK(1)The characteristic quantity of the second reference signal estimated according to oneself（Including frequencies omegaK(1)2And phase place）Value form descending transmission signalAnd the descending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(2).Wherein,
ωK(1)4=ωK(1)2,Here, subscript K (1) represents SoAK(1), the expression fourth stage of subscript 4.
Then, by SoAK(2)→SoAK(3)→…→SoAK(K-1)Order, each SoA received under a upper SoA sends
Row transmission signal, the characteristic quantity that the descending transmission signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself（Including frequency and phase place）'s
Value, according to this it is descending transmission signal characteristic quantity value formed new descending transmission signal and by the new descending transmission signal send out
Give next SoA.That is SoAK(m)Receive SoAK(m-1)The descending transmission signal for sendingAnd according to oneself
Local clock tK(m)=βK(m)(t0+ΔK(m)) frequencies omega K (m) 4 and phase place of the descending transmission signal in estimationThen
New descending transmission signal is formed with the frequency and phase placeAnd send it to SoAK(m+1)。
Last SoAK(K)Receive SoAK(K-1)The descending transmission signal for sending, and this is estimated according to the local clock of oneself
The characteristic quantity of descending transmission signal（Including frequencies omegaK(K)4With phase place ωK(K)4）Value.Fig. 4 d schematically illustrate said process,
The process is the fourth stage of this method, and the stage occurs in time slot（N+3）To time slot（N+K+1）In.
Then, in the 5th stage, in step s 50, SoAK(K)The feature of the second reference signal estimated according to oneself
Amount（Including frequencies omegaK(K)2And phase place）Value formed ascending transmission signalAnd by the up biography
Delivery signal is sent to SoAK(K-1), wherein, ωK(K)5=ωK(K)2,Here, subscript K (K) represents SoAK(K),
Subscript 5 represented for the 5th stage.
Then, by SoAK(K-1)→SoAK(K-2)→…→SoAK(2)Order, each SoA receives next one SoA transmissions
Ascending transmission signal, the characteristic quantity that the ascending transmission signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself（Including frequency and phase place）'s
Value, formed according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal new ascending transmission signal and by the new ascending transmission signal send out
Give a SoA.That is SoAK(m)Receive SoAK(m+1)The ascending transmission signal of transmissionAnd according to oneself
Local clock tK(m)=βK(m)(t0+ΔK(m)) frequencies omega of the ascending transmission signal in estimationK(m)5And phase placeThen
New ascending transmission signal is formed with the frequency and phase placeAnd send it to SoAK(m-1)。
Then SoAK(1)Receive SoAK(2)The ascending transmission signal of transmission, and estimated on this according to the local clock of oneself
The characteristic quantity of row transmission signal（Including frequencies omegaK(1)5With phase place ωK(1)5）Value.Fig. 4 e schematically illustrate said process, should
Process is the 5th stage of this method, and the stage occurs in time slot（N+K+2）To time slot（N+2K）In.
As described above, after the communication in the above-mentioned first to the 5th stage, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）The each signal for obtaining
The value of characteristic quantity at least include：SoAK(m)The phase place of the first estimated reference signalValue, second with reference to letter
Number frequencies omegaK(m)2, phase placeWith amplitude aK(m)2Value, the frequencies omega of descending transmission signalK(m)4And phase place's
Value, the frequencies omega of ascending transmission signalK(m)5And phase placeValue.
Then, in step S60, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）In above-mentioned each signals for being obtained according to oneself of each SoA
The value of characteristic quantity calculate the characteristic quantity of carrier signal used when doing beam shaping（Including frequencies omegaK(m), phase placeWith
Amplitude aK(m)）Value, and form carrier wave to carry out beam shaping according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the carrier signal.Fig. 4 f schematically show
Said process is gone out, the process is the 6th stage of this method.
In one embodiment, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）Do the frequencies omega of carrier signal used during beam shapingK(m), phase placeWith amplitude aK(m)Can be calculated by following formula：
ωK(m)=(ωK(m)4+ωK(m)5)-ωK(m)2
aK(m)=1/aK(m)2
It is described below, works as SoAK(m)（M=1～K）Beam-formed signal is sent using the carrier wave determined by above-mentioned formula
When, beam-formed signal to the interference very little of DoB, while, beam-formed signal power when DoA is reached is larger.In addition each
The transmit power of SoA is both less than its maximum transmission power.
As previously described, in the first phase, the first reference signal of DoA broadcast isFirst reference signal is arrived
During up to DoB, the phase-delay quantity that the channel of DoA to DoB causes is set to θAB, then, the first reference signal that DoB is received is changed intoLocal clock ts of the DoB according to oneselfB=βB(t0+ΔB) estimate the first reference signal frequency be ωB, phase
Position isIn following discussion, it is assumed that the frequency that estimates, phase place do not have error, then,
Therefore have：
In the same manner, in the first stage, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）Receive the local clock t according to oneself after the first reference signalK(m)
=βK(m)(t0+ΔK(m)) phase place of the first reference signal that estimatesFor：
Wherein, θAK(m)SoA is reached for the first reference signalK(m)When by DoA to SoAK(m)The Phase delay that causes of channel
Amount.
Can be calculated based on same principle, in second stage, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）Receive the second reference that DoB sends
The frequencies omega of the second reference signal estimated according to the local clock of oneself after signalK(m)2And phase placeRespectively：
Wherein, θBK(m)SoA is reached for the second reference signalK(m)When by DoB to SoAK(m)The Phase delay that causes of channel
Amount.Meanwhile, SoAK(m)（M=1～K）The amplitude of the second reference signal for estimating is aK(m)2, wherein, aK(m)2=a·bBK(m), a
For the amplitude of the second reference signal of DoB transmittings, bBK(m)It is from DoB to SoAK(m)The amplitude fading factor of the channel to signal.It is then from DoB to SoAK(m)Factor of influence of the channel to signal.
In fourth stage, SoAK(m)Receive SoAK(m-1)The descending transmission signal for sendingAnd according to
The local clock t of oneselfK(m)=βK(m)(t0+ΔK(m)) estimate the descending frequencies omega for transmitting signalK(m)4 and phase placeSuch as
Under：
Wherein, θK(n-1)K(n)It is descending transmission signal from SoAK(n-1)Reach SoAK(n)When by SoAK(n-1)To SoAK(n)Letter
The phase-delay quantity that road causes.
In 5th stage, SoAK(m)Receive SoAK(m+1)The ascending transmission signal of transmissionAnd according to
The local clock t of oneselfK(m)=βK(m)(t0+ΔK(m)) estimate the frequencies omega of the ascending transmission signalK(m)5And phase placeSuch as
Under：
Wherein, θK(n-1)K(n)To transmit signal from SoAK(n-1)Reach SoAK(n)When by SoAK(n-1)To SoAK(n)Channel draw
The phase-delay quantity for rising, here it is possible to assume SoAK(n-1)And SoAK(n)Between channel be symmetric channel, so from SoAK(n-1)
To SoAK(n)The phase-delay quantity θ that causes of channelK(n-1)K(n)Equal to from SoAK(n)To SoAK(n-1)The phase place that causes of channel prolong
θ is measured lateK(n)K(n-1)。
If SoAK(m)（M=1～K）When doing beam shaping, the frequencies omega of carrier signalK(m), phase placeWith amplitude aK(m)
According to aboveωK(m)2,a K(m)2, ωK(m)4,ωK(m)5,Value be defined below：
ωK(m)=(ωK(m)4+ωK(m)5)-ωK(m)2
aK(m)=1/aK(m)2
So, the beam-formed signal that DoB is received is：
Wherein,For as previously described from SoAK(m)To the factor of influence of the channel to signal of DoB, aK(m)
bBK(m)=1/a, a are the amplitude of the second reference signal that DoB sends, and Ψ is：
In SBAbove-mentioned expression formula in, due to two summation number in item number it is equal（Because having second and the third communication
The number of two classes DoA of state is equal）, therefore SBValue be zero, so as to interference of the beam-formed signal to DoB is zero.In addition,
The transmit power of each SoA is both less than its maximum transmission power.
Meanwhile, the beam-formed signal that DoA is received is then：
Wherein,For as previously described from SoAK(m)To the factor of influence of the channel to signal of DoA.Due to working asMain value ∈ [- π, when 0),Main value+π ∈ [0, π), therefore, above-mentioned beam-formed signal SA
In, every phase contrast is less than π, thus items are presented the situation of mutually long superposition, so as to ensure the work(of the signal that DoA is received
Rate is larger.
In superincumbent discussion, it is assumed that the frequency and phase place for estimating does not have error, therefore, ωK(m)2、ωK(m)4、ωK(m)5
Value it is identical, but the frequency that estimates in practice and phase place have error.According to derivation result, when the frequency and phase that estimate
When there is error position, using formula ωK(m)=(ωK(m)4+ωK(m)5)-ωK(m)2Best result can be obtained.In addition, in upper review
In stating, it is assumed that the channel and DoB and DoA between the channel between SoA and DoA, the channel between SoA and DoB, SoA
Between channel in the short period（Such as 1 second）All it is inside linear constant, and is all symmetrical, that is to say, that, it is assumed that channel
Impulse response in multiple time slots（Millisecond magnitude）It is interior to keep constant, and the phase place change that causes of channel and amplitude of variation and letter
Number direction of propagation is unrelated.This assumes it is to meet in most practical situations.
The carrier synchronization method of distributed beams shaping of the present invention is described above with reference to Fig. 2-5.Institute of the present invention
The carrier synchronization method of the distributed beams shaping stated can be realized using software, it would however also be possible to employ hardware realization, or using soft
The mode of part and hardware combinations is realized.
Fig. 6 is block diagram, shows the distributed beams formation system described in one embodiment of the present of invention.Such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show, the system includes：Do N number of network A source node of distributed beams shaping（SoA1～SoAN）, network A destination node
（DoA）With network B destination node（DoB）, wherein, N is natural number, and DoA is configured with the first transmitting element, and DoB is configured with second
Transmitting element, the second receiving unit, secondary signal characteristic quantity estimation unit, each SoA（SoAi）Be configured with the 3rd transmitting element,
3rd receiving unit, the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit, communications status information forming unit, screening unit, computing unit.
First transmitting element of DoA is to the N number of SoA that do distributed beams shaping and to DoB broadcast first with reference to letter
Number, second receiving unit of DoB and the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA are received after the first reference signal, the secondary signal of DoB
The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of characteristic quantity estimation unit and each SoA estimates respectively this according to the local clock of oneself
The value of the characteristic quantity of the first reference signal.
The first reference signal that second transmitting element of DoB is estimated according to the secondary signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of DoB
The value of characteristic quantity form the second reference signal, and broadcast the second reference signal to each SoA, the 3rd reception of each SoA is single
Unit is received after the second reference signal, and the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of each SoA is distinguished according to the local clock of oneself
Estimate the value of the characteristic quantity of second reference signal.
The communications status information forming unit of each SoA in N number of SoA is estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity of the SoA
The first reference signal and the value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal that unit estimation goes out forms the communications status information of oneself, and leads to
The 3rd transmitting element for crossing the SoA broadcasts the communications status information to remaining SoA, and the screening unit of each SoA is according to the SoA
The communications status information of all SoA for obtaining filters out final K SoA for participating in beam shaping according to same algorithmK(m)（m=1
～K, K≤N）.
SoA K(1)The 3rd transmitting element the second reference signal for being estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit
The value of characteristic quantity forms descending transmission signal, and the descending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(2), then, by SoAK(2)→
SoAK(3)→…→SoAK(K-1)Order, the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA receives the 3rd transmitting element of a upper SoA and sends out
The descending transmission signal that send, that the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the SoA estimates this according to the local clock of oneself is descending
The value of characteristic quantity of transmission signal, the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA are formed newly according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal
Descending transmission signal and the new descending transmission signal is sent to into next SoA, last SoAK(K)The 3rd receiving unit
Receive SoAK(K-1)The descending transmission signal that sends of the 3rd transmitting element, and SoAK(K)The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimate single
Unit estimates the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal according to the local clock of oneself.
SoA K(K)The 3rd transmitting element the second reference signal for being estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit
The value of characteristic quantity forms ascending transmission signal, and the ascending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(K-1), then, by SoAK(K-1)→
SoAK(K-2)→…→SoAK(2)Order, the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA receives the 3rd transmitting element of next one SoA
The ascending transmission signal that send, that the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the SoA estimates this according to the local clock of oneself is up
The value of characteristic quantity of transmission signal, the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA are formed newly according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal
Ascending transmission signal and the new ascending transmission signal is sent to into upper a SoA, last SoAK(1)The 3rd receiving unit
Receive SoAK(2)The ascending transmission signal that sends of the 3rd transmitting element, and SoAK(1)The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit
The value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself.
SoAK(m)（M=1～K）In each SoA computing unit according to the feature of each signal for obtaining in above process
The value of amount calculates the value of the characteristic quantity of carrier signal used when doing beam shaping, and the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA according to
The value of the characteristic quantity of the carrier signal forms carrier wave to carry out beam shaping.
Fig. 7 is simulation result figure, when showing using beam-forming method of the present invention, the average wave beam of network A into
Shape power gain is over time.Fig. 8 is simulation result figure, when showing using beam-forming method of the present invention,
SoA beam-formed signals to the average interference power of DoB over time.
Emulation software used is Matlab, and simulation times are 100000 times, and simulation parameter is：All reference signals continue
Time is 1ms, and the amplitude of all reference signals is identical and for 1, all channel magnitude decay factors obey average be 1 it is auspicious
Profit distribution, channel phase postpone obey [- π, π) on be uniformly distributed, the power spectral density and channel magnitude of the noise of channel
Duplicate ratio be N0/b2=2.25×10-12Hz-1, the maximum transmit power of all SoA is P=4W, and the sum of SoA is respectively N=
8th, 16 and 32.When SoA and DoB is estimated the characteristic quantity of reference signal, using maximal possibility estimation, non-patent literature 2
（D.C.Rife and R.R.Boorstyn,“Single-tone parameter estimation from discrete-
time observations,”IEEE Trans.on Information Theory,Vol.IT-20,No.5,pp.591-
598,Sept.,1974）Prove, during using maximal possibility estimation, estimation difference be converge on zero-mean meet Gauss distribution
Stochastic variable, its variance is equal to CRB（Cramer-Rao Bounds, Cramér-Rao lower bound）, so, in simulations, adopt variance for
The zero-mean gaussian distribution variables of CRB are used as each estimation difference estimated.
It can be seen from figure 7 that with the increase of beam shaping time, the distributed beams shaping power gain of A networks
Reduce, when the time is more than 1s, power gain drastically diminishes, this is because, final total phase error is taken advantage of by frequency error
With the beam shaping time along with phase error composition, thus the increase over time of the variance of final total phase error and increase
Greatly, when the time certain limit is exceeded, final total phase error is increased dramatically, and beam shaping power gain drastically declines.
When SoA is selected, it is possible that all of SoA is all in the first communications status, or all in first or the
Two communications status, or all in first or third communication state, so, in the present inventive method, all of SoA is required for row
Remove, so as to the SoA numbers for participating in beam shaping are 0, it is impossible to carry out beam shaping, such case can be described as beam shaping interruption.
Following result is obtained according to emulation：Beam shaping outage probability is respectively 2.89% and 0.04% during N=8 and N=16；As N=32,
Beam shaping outage probability is minimum, is sufficiently close to 0.This shows, when SoA is more, the probability for beam shaping interruption occur is less.It is imitative
Very also obtain following result：When there is not beam shaping interruption, during for N=8, N=16 and N=32, final choice goes out to participate in ripple
The meansigma methodss of the number of the SoA of beam shaping（That is mean number）Respectively 4.67,10.26 and 22.21.So N=8,16 and 32
When, the perfect Gain of mean number SoA respectively may be about 6.7dB, 10.1dB and 13.5dB.
As shown in fig. 7, when the beam shaping time is less than 100ms, for N=8,16,32, beam shaping power gain difference
About 4.1dB, 6.5dB and 9.4dB.The power gain is respectively 2.5dB with the difference of the perfect Gain of mean number SoA,
3.6dB and 4.1dB.This shows that with the increase of SoA total numbers beam shaping power gain gradually increases with the difference of the perfect Gain
Greatly, but beam shaping power gain is still higher.
As can be seen from Figure 8, if it is desired that the jamming power of DoB is below -20dB, then, when N=8,16 and 32,
The beam shaping time is respectively no more than 220ms, 330ms and 500ms.As can see from Figure 7, during this period of time, A networks
Beam shaping power gain it is still higher.Assume the time between SoA mutually needed for broadcast communication status information much smaller than ginseng
The reception time of signal is examined, then when N=8,16 and 32, mean number SoA does average lock in time required before beam shaping point
Yue Wei not 9ms, 20ms and 44ms.So, compared with the lock in time before beam shaping, higher gain can be obtained in beam shaping
Time it is much longer, and can reduce the jamming power to DoB within the beam shaping time.So, using the present invention
Described method carries out beam shaping, and preferable performance can be kept within long period of time.Certainly, increasing over time
Greatly, after the hydraulic performance decline of beam shaping, need re-use the method for the present invention obtain beam shaping parameter with continue into
Traveling wave beam shaping.
Present invention could apply to various scenes in practice.For example, the method described in one embodiment of the invention
Can be used for sensor network, the method described in an alternative embodiment of the invention can be used for cognition wireless network.Specifically,
Aforementioned network A can be sensor network or cognition wireless network, and aforementioned network B can be conventional wireless network.
Although describing embodiments in accordance with the present invention above with reference to figure to be described, those skilled in the art should
Work as understanding, the embodiment proposed to the invention described above can be making various changing on the basis of without departing from present invention
Enter and combine.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the content of appending claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of distributed beams manufacturing process, including：
A) network A destination node DoA is to N number of network A source node S oA that do distributed beams shapingi(i=1～N) and to
Network B destination node DoB broadcasts the first reference signal, SoAi(i=1～N) and DoB are received after the first reference signal according to certainly
Oneself local clock estimates respectively the value of the characteristic quantity of first reference signal；
B) value of the characteristic quantity of the first reference signal that DoB is estimated according to oneself forms the second reference signal, and to SoAi(i=
1～N) the second reference signal of broadcast, SoAi(i=1～N) received and distinguished according to the local clock of oneself after the second reference signal
Estimate the value of the characteristic quantity of second reference signal；
c)SoAiThe first reference signal and the feature of the second reference signal that each SoA in (i=1～N) is estimated according to oneself
The value of amount forms the communications status information of oneself, and broadcasts the communications status information to remaining SoA, and each SoA is according to acquisition
The communications status information of all SoA filter out final K network A source node for participating in beam shaping according to same algorithm
SoAK(m)(m=1～K, K≤N)；
d)SoAK(1)The value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal estimated according to oneself forms descending transmission signal, and by under this
Row transmission signal is sent to SoAK(2), then, by SoAK(2)→SoAK(3)→…→SoAK(K-1)Order, in each SoA reception
Descending transmission signal that one SoA sends, estimated according to the local clock of oneself the descending transmission signal characteristic quantity value,
New descending transmission signal is formed according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal and sends the new descending transmission signal
To next SoA, last SoAK(K)Receive SoAK(K-1)The descending transmission signal for sending, and estimated according to the local clock of oneself
Go out the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal；
e)SoAK(K)The value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal estimated according to oneself forms ascending transmission signal, and by this
Row transmission signal is sent to SoAK(K-1), then, by SoAK(K-1)→SoAK(K-2)→…→SoAK(2)Order, each SoA receives
Ascending transmission signal that next SoA sends, the characteristic quantity that the ascending transmission signal is estimated according to the local clock of oneself
Value, formed according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal new ascending transmission signal and by the new ascending transmission signal send out
Give a SoA, last SoAK(1)Receive SoAK(2)The ascending transmission signal of transmission, and estimated according to the local clock of oneself
Go out the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal；
f)SoAK(m)Each SoA in (m=1～K) is according to oneself in step a), b), d), e) in obtain each signal feature
The value of amount calculates the value of the characteristic quantity of carrier signal used when doing beam shaping, and the value of the characteristic quantity according to the carrier signal
Form carrier wave to carry out beam shaping.
2. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, SoAiThe local clock of (i=1～N) is ti=βi
(t0+Δi), the local clock of DoB is tB=βB(t0+ΔB), wherein, t0For the clock of DoA, βiFor SoAiLocal clock it is relative
In the deviation factor of DoA clocks, ΔiFor SoAiLocal clock relative to DoA clocks droop, βBFor DoB it is local when
Clock relative to DoA clocks deviation factor, ΔBFor DoB local clock relative to DoA clocks droop.
3. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 2, wherein, SoAK(m)(m=1～K) is in step a), b), d),
The value of the characteristic quantity of each signal obtained in e) at least includes：SoAK(m)The phase place of the first estimated reference signal
Value, the frequencies omega of the second reference signalK(m)2, phase placeWith amplitude aK(m)2Value, the frequencies omega of descending transmission signalK(m)
4 and phase placeValue, the frequencies omega of ascending transmission signalK(m)5And phase placeValue, and SoAK(m)Do beam shaping
The characteristic quantity of Shi Suoyong carrier signals includes frequencies omegaK(m), phase placeWith amplitude aK(m), its value calculated by following formula：
(whenMain value ∈ [0, π) when)
(whenMain value ∈ [- π, when 0))
aK(m)=1/aK(m)2。
4. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 2, wherein, SoAi(i=1～N) is in step a), b) in estimated
The first reference signal counted out and the value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal at least include：The phase place of the first reference signal's
Value, the phase place of the second reference signalWith amplitude ai2Value, and SoAi(i=1～N) basisAnd ai2Formed certainly
Oneself communications status information.
5. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 4, wherein, ifWherein, PiFor SoAiMost
Big transmission power, then SoAiThe communications status of oneself are set to into the first communications status；IfAndMain value
∈ [0, π), then SoAiThe communications status of oneself are set to into the second communications status；IfAndMain value ∈
[- π, 0), then SoAiThe communications status of oneself are set to into third communication state.
6. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 5, wherein, SoAi(i=1～N) forms the communications status of oneself
Information includes being encoded the communications status of oneself.
7. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 5, wherein, SoAi(i=1～N) filters out final participation wave beam
K network A source node S oA of shapingK(m)The algorithm of (m=1～K, K≤N) includes：Remove the SoA with the first communications status.
8. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 7, wherein, SoAi(i=1～N) filters out final participation wave beam
K network A source node S oA of shapingK(m)The algorithm of (m=1～K, K≤N) also includes：In the class with the second communications status
In SoA and class SoA with third communication state, some SoA in more class SoA of number are removed so that two classes SoA
Number it is equal.
9. distributed beams manufacturing process as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the network A is sensor network or cognitive nothing
Gauze network, the network B is conventional wireless network.
10. a kind of distributed beams formation system, including：Do N number of network A source node S oA, the network A of distributed beams shaping
Destination node DoA and network B destination node DoB, wherein, N is natural number, and DoA is configured with the first transmitting element, and DoB is configured with
Second transmitting element, the second receiving unit, secondary signal characteristic quantity estimation unit, each SoA be configured with the 3rd transmitting element,
Three receiving units, the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit, communications status information forming unit, screening unit, computing unit, and
And,
First transmitting element of DoA broadcasts the first reference signal to the N number of SoA that do distributed beams shaping and to DoB,
Second receiving unit of DoB and the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA are received after the first reference signal, and the secondary signal of DoB is special
The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the amount of levying estimation unit and each SoA according to the local clock of oneself estimate respectively this
The value of the characteristic quantity of one reference signal；
The spy of the first reference signal that second transmitting element of DoB is estimated according to the secondary signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of DoB
The value of the amount of levying forms the second reference signal, and broadcasts the second reference signal to each SoA, and the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA connects
After receiving the second reference signal, the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of each SoA is estimated respectively according to the local clock of oneself
Go out the value of the characteristic quantity of second reference signal；
Threeth signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the communications status information forming unit of each SoA in N number of SoA according to the SoA
The first reference signal for estimating and the value of the characteristic quantity of the second reference signal form the communications status information of oneself, and by this
3rd transmitting element of SoA to remaining SoA broadcasts the communications status information, and the screening unit of each SoA is obtained according to the SoA
The communications status information of all SoA filter out final K SoA for participating in beam shaping according to same algorithmK(m)(m=1～K,
K≤N)；
SoAK(1)The characteristic quantity of the second reference signal that estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the 3rd transmitting element
Value form descending transmission signal, and the descending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(2), then, by SoAK(2)→SoAK(3)→…
→SoAK(K-1)Order, the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA receives the descending biography that the 3rd transmitting element of a upper SoA sends
Delivery signal, the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the SoA estimate the descending transmission signal according to the local clock of oneself
The value of characteristic quantity, the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA form new descending transmission according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal
The new descending transmission signal is simultaneously sent to next SoA, last SoA by signalK(K)The 3rd receiving unit receive SoAK(K-1)
The descending transmission signal that sends of the 3rd transmitting element, and SoAK(K)The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit according to oneself
Local clock estimates the value of the characteristic quantity of the descending transmission signal；
SoAK(K)The characteristic quantity of the second reference signal that estimated according to the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the 3rd transmitting element
Value form ascending transmission signal, and the ascending transmission signal is sent to into SoAK(K-1), then, by SoAK(K-1)→SoAK(K-2)
→…→SoAK(2)Order, the 3rd receiving unit of each SoA receives the up of the 3rd transmitting element transmission of next one SoA
Transmission signal, the 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit of the SoA estimate the ascending transmission signal according to the local clock of oneself
The value of characteristic quantity, the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA new up biography is formed according to the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal
The new ascending transmission signal is simultaneously sent to upper a SoA, last SoA by delivery signalK(1)The 3rd receiving unit receive SoAK(2)
The ascending transmission signal that sends of the 3rd transmitting element, and SoAK(1)The 3rd signal characteristic quantity estimation unit according to oneself
Local clock estimates the value of the characteristic quantity of the ascending transmission signal；
SoAK(m)The computing unit of each SoA in (m=1～K) is according to the characteristic quantity of each signal for obtaining in above process
Value calculates the value of the characteristic quantity of carrier signal used when doing beam shaping, and the 3rd transmitting element of the SoA according to the load
The value of the characteristic quantity of ripple signal forms carrier wave to carry out beam shaping.
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