CN103840710B - Vibration energy collector - Google Patents
Vibration energy collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN103840710B CN103840710B CN201410085832.8A CN201410085832A CN103840710B CN 103840710 B CN103840710 B CN 103840710B CN 201410085832 A CN201410085832 A CN 201410085832A CN 103840710 B CN103840710 B CN 103840710B
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Abstract
The application discloses vibration energy collector, it includes the static unit, piezo-electric unit and tank circuit, the three constitutes the series circuit, under the excitation of vibration outward, the quality piece among the piezo-electric unit drives the movable sheetmetal among the static unit and takes place crooked deformation, thereby arouse the deformation of piezo-electric piece and the change of the electrostatic capacitance of static unit in the piezo-electric unit simultaneously, the alternating voltage that the static unit used piezo-electric piece deformation to produce is the pre-charge power, after the pre-charge is accomplished, with the alternating voltage that the piezo-electric piece deformation produced together with electric energy output to tank circuit. The embodiment of the application realizes the coupling of piezoelectric energy collection and electrostatic energy collection, does not need to independently set a pre-charging power supply, realizes the passivity of electrostatic energy collection, and improves the energy collection efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to micro-energy technology field, relates in particular to a kind of vibration energy collector.
Background technology
Along with fossil energy progressively exhausted with and the pollution problem that causes increasingly serious, the mankind visitThe novel green energy resource of rope turns round to meet daily life. Vibrational energy be in natural environment, extensively exist onePlant energy; As, vehicle movement can produce vibrational energy, so on traffic main artery road, subway circulation line,And region and the place such as operational vehicle, mechanical vibrational energy metric density is only second to solar energy, by a kind of energyThese vibrational energy collections are converted into electric energy by amount collector, can be used for supplying with the low-power consumption such as electronic equipment and establishStandby; And for example, the mechanical vibrational energy that human body daily exercise produces also can be converted into by energy collecting deviceElectric energy is the low-power consumption medicine equipment energy supplies such as the neural artificial limb of implant into body. With respect to solar energy, machineryVibrational energy is not subject to weather effect, and has good power stage stability, thereby worldwideBe subject to paying close attention to widely and studying.
Existing a kind of piezoelectric type vibration energy collector, it utilizes mass to drive piezoelectric beam distortion, and thenMake piezoelectric produce deformation, thereby produce contrary polarization charge at piezoelectrics opposite face; Piezoelectric beam is logicalThe standing position that is placed in collector structure deformation maximum, and for driving the mass phase of girder construction distortionThe chip area closing is but difficult to be effectively used and carries out Conversion of Energy. Therefore, with respect to piezoelectric typeThe area occupied of vibration energy collector, volume, its energy acquisition efficiency needs further to be improved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the application's object is to provide a kind of vibration energy collector, to improve vibrational energyCollecting efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the application provides following technical scheme:
A kind of vibration energy collector, comprising: static unit, piezoelectric unit and accumulator;
Described static unit comprises fixed metal plate, insulation board and movable metallic plate;
Described insulation board is arranged between described fixed metal plate and movable metallic plate; Described fixed metal plateBonded to each other with insulation board, and bending is a contour body; One side of described movable metallic plate is as stiff end,Be fixedly connected with described insulation board;
Described piezoelectric unit comprises piezoelectric patches and mass;
Described piezoelectric patches is attached at the outer surface of described movable metallic plate, described piezoelectric patches and described movable goldBelong between plate and be provided with dielectric; Described mass is fixed on the opposite side of described stiff end, for drivingState movable metallic plate and produce deformation;
Described piezoelectric patches is connected with described movable metallic plate by wire; Described accumulator is respectively with describedFixed metal plate is connected with piezoelectric patches;
Described accumulator is used for storing described static unit and piezoelectric unit transforms the electric energy obtaining.
Preferably, described vibration energy collector also comprises insulation cover plate and insulation base station;
Described insulation cover plate is covered in the stiff end top of described movable metallic plate, described insulation base station upperSurface is the cambered surface matching with described contour body, and described contour body is attached at the upper table of described insulation base stationFace;
Between described insulation cover plate and insulation base station, connect, to fix described movable metallic plate and described arcFace body.
Preferably, described insulation cover plate and insulation base station adopt identical insulating materials to process.
Preferably, the insulating materials that described insulation board adopts comprises kraft capacitor paper and insulation film.
Preferably, described piezoelectric patches is located at the outer surface of described movable metallic plate by insulating sticky sticker.
Preferably, described fixed metal plate and/or movable metallic plate adopt high resiliency sheet metal to process;
Described high resiliency sheet metal comprises beryllium-bronze plate.
Preferably, described piezoelectric patches comprises piezoelectrics, upper surface electrode and lower surface electrode;
Described upper surface electrode is attached at the upper surface of described piezoelectrics; Described lower surface electrode is attached at instituteState the lower surface of piezoelectrics;
Described lower surface electrode is electrically connected with described movable metallic plate by wire; Described upper surface electrode withDescribed accumulator connects.
Preferably, described accumulator comprises the first diode, the second diode and storage capacitor;
Described the first diode and the second diode reverse parallel connection, described energy storage capacitor in series accesses describedTwo diode place parallel branches;
The negative electrode of described the first diode is connected to described fixed metal plate, and the anode of described the first diode connectsIn described upper surface electrode.
Preferably, described piezoelectrics adopt following any piezoelectric to process: piezoelectric membrane and pressureElectroceramics wafer.
Can find out from above-mentioned technical scheme, the application is by static unit, piezoelectric unit and accumulatorBe connected to series loop, under vibrational excitation, the mass in piezoelectric unit drives in static unit outsideThe deformation that bends of movable sheet metal, thus deformation and the static list of piezoelectric patches in piezoelectric unit caused simultaneouslyThe variation of electrostatic capacitance of unit, the alternating voltage that static unit produces taking piezoelectric patches deformation is as precharge power supply,After precharge completes, with piezoelectric patches deformation produce alternating voltage together with export electric energy to accumulator.The embodiment of the present application has realized the coupling of piezoelectric type energy collection and electrostatic energy acquisition, does not need to establish separatelyPut precharge power supply, realized the passive of electrostatic energy acquisition, improved energy acquisition efficiency, separateThe problem of the prior art of having determined.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to realityThe accompanying drawing of executing required use in example or description of the Prior Art is briefly described, apparently, belowAccompanying drawing in description is only some embodiment of the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art,Do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The cross-sectional view of the vibration energy collector that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present application one;
The three-dimensional explosive view of the vibration energy collector that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application two;
The cross-sectional view of the vibration energy collector that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application two;
The equivalent circuit diagram of the vibration energy collector that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present application;
The vibration energy collector that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application static unit pre-charging stage etc.Effect circuit diagram;
The vibration energy collector that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present application is at the equivalent circuit diagram in energy storage stage.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is carried outDescribe clearly and completely, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, andNot whole embodiment. Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doingGo out the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the application's protection.
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of vibration energy collector, to improve vibrational energy collecting efficiency.
The vibration energy collector that the embodiment of the present application one provides, comprising: static unit 100, piezoelectric unit200 and accumulator 300; With reference to the cross-sectional view of the vibration energy collector shown in Fig. 1, instituteState static unit 100 and comprise fixed metal plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metallic plate 4; Described piezoelectric unit200 comprise piezoelectric patches 5 and mass 6.
Concrete, insulation board 3 is arranged between fixed metal plate 2 and movable metallic plate 4, i.e. fixing goldBelong to plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metallic plate 4 and form an electrostatic capacitance. Fixed metal plate 2 and insulation board 3Bonded to each other, and bending is a contour body; One side of movable metallic plate 4 is as stiff end, with insulation board 3Be fixedly connected with; One side relative with described stiff end is as movable end, when described movable end activity, movableWhen metallic plate 4 bends deformation, the gap between movable metallic plate 4 and fixed metal plate 2 becomesChange, thereby cause electrostatic capacitance change.
Piezoelectric patches 5 is attached at the outer surface of movable metallic plate 4, between piezoelectric patches 5 and movable metallic plate 4Be provided with dielectric 5 '. Mass 6 is fixed on the opposite side of the stiff end of movable metallic plate 4, i.e. movable end,Be used for driving movable metallic plate 4 to produce deformation.
Piezoelectric patches 5 is connected with movable metallic plate 4 by wire, realizes static unit 100 and piezoelectric unit200 electrical connection; Accumulator 300 is connected with fixed metal plate 2 and piezoelectric patches 5 respectively, i.e. energy storage electricityRoad 300, static unit 100 and piezoelectric unit 200 form series loop; Accumulator 300 is for storingStatic unit 100 and piezoelectric unit 200 gather and transform the electric energy obtaining.
The operation principle of above-mentioned vibration energy collector is as follows:
In vibrational excitation situation outside, mass 6 moves up and down, and drives bending change of movable metal electrode 4Shape; The deformation of movable metal electrode 4, makes fixed metal plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metal on the one handThe capacitance of the electrostatic capacitance that plate 4 forms changes, and drives on the other hand piezoelectric patches 5 to produce deformation;When piezoelectric patches 5 produces deformation, lower surface forms the equivalent charges of different polarity thereon, produces an alternating voltage;Dropped in the half period of trough described alternating current by crest in the instantaneous voltage value of described alternating voltagePress described electrostatic capacitance is carried out to precharge; Instantaneous voltage value at described alternating voltage is risen to by troughIn the half period of crest, described alternating voltage and described electrostatic capacitance are exported electric energy simultaneously, are stored to storageCan circuit.
From said structure and operation principle, the embodiment of the present application is by static unit, piezoelectric unit and storageCan be connected to series loop by circuit, under vibrational excitation, the mass in piezoelectric unit drives static list outsideThe deformation that bends of movable sheet metal in unit, thus cause simultaneously piezoelectric patches in piezoelectric unit deformation andThe variation of the electrostatic capacitance of static unit, the alternating voltage that static unit produces taking piezoelectric patches deformation is as preliminary fillingElectricity power supply, after precharge completes, with piezoelectric patches deformation produce alternating voltage together with electric energy is exported toAccumulator. The embodiment of the present application has realized the coupling of piezoelectric type energy collection and electrostatic energy acquisition,Do not need precharge power supply is set separately, realized the passive of electrostatic energy acquisition, improved energy and adoptedCollect efficiency, solved the problem of prior art.
As the preferred embodiment of one, the embodiment of the present application two provides another kind of vibrational energy collectionDevice, the three-dimensional explosive view of vibration energy collector as shown in Figure 2, and the vibrational energy shown in Fig. 3 is adoptedThe cross-sectional view of storage, this vibration energy collector comprises: static unit 100, piezoelectric unit200 and accumulator 300; Wherein, static unit 100 comprise insulation base station 1, fixed metal plate 2,Insulation board 3, movable metallic plate 4 and insulation cover plate 7; Piezoelectric unit 200 comprises piezoelectric patches 5 and mass6; Accumulator 300 comprises the first diode D1, the second diode D2 and storage capacitor C0.
Concrete, in static unit 100, insulation board 3 is arranged at fixed metal plate 2 and movable metallic plate 4Between, fixed metal plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metallic plate 4 form an electrostatic capacitance. Fixing metalPlate 2 and insulation board 3 are bonded to each other, and bending is a contour body, are attached at the upper surface of insulation base station 1;One side of movable metallic plate 4, as stiff end, is fixedly connected with insulation board 3, and insulation cover plate 7 is covered inThe stiff end top of movable metallic plate 4. Insulation cover plate 7 and insulation base station 1 between by parts such as screwsBe fixedly connected with, fixed metal plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metallic plate 4 are carried out to mechanical presses, make movableThe respective ends of the stiff end of metallic plate 4 and fixed metal plate 2 and insulation board 3 is fixed.
In piezoelectric unit 200, mass 6 is fixed on the opposite side of the stiff end of movable metallic plate 4, livesMoved end, for driving movable metallic plate 4 to produce deformation.
Piezoelectric patches 5 is attached at the outer surface of movable metallic plate 4 by dielectric 5 '; Piezoelectric patches 5 comprisesPiezoelectrics 52, upper surface electrode 51 and lower surface electrode 53. Upper surface electrode 51 is attached at piezoelectrics 52Upper surface; Lower surface electrode 53 is attached at the lower surface of piezoelectrics 52; Lower surface electrode 53 is by leadingLine is electrically connected with movable metallic plate 4; Upper surface electrode 51 is connected with described accumulator. Upper surface electrode51, piezoelectrics 52 and lower surface electrode 53 form piezoelectric capacitance, and capacitance is with the deformation quantity of piezoelectrics 52Change; When piezoelectrics 52 deformation simultaneously, its upper and lower surface produces the equivalent charges of different polarity, thereby at upper surfaceBetween electrode 51 and lower surface electrode 53, produce an alternating voltage, i.e. piezoelectric voltage, its size also with.Because the deformation quantity of piezoelectrics 52 changes. Therefore, the variation of capacitance variations and piezoelectric voltage presents servo-actuated passSystem.
In accumulator 300, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 reverse parallel connection, storage capacitorC0 series connection access the second diode D2 place parallel branch; The negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to fixing goldThe anode that belongs to plate 2, the first diode D1 is connected to upper surface electrode 51.
Above-mentioned vibration energy collector can be equivalent to circuit diagram shown in Fig. 4, and wherein, the first capacitor C 1 is suitableThe electrostatic capacitance forming in fixed metal plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metallic plate 4; The second capacitor C 2 phasesWhen the deformation electric capacity in piezoelectric patches 5, i.e. upper surface electrode 51, piezoelectrics 52 and lower surface electrode 53 structuresBecome piezoelectric capacitance; AC power Us is equivalent to upper surface electrode 51 and lower surface electrode 53 is different with equivalentThe alternating voltage producing after property electric charge.
Below with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the work of the vibration energy collector that the embodiment of the present application two is provided is formerReason is introduced.
In vibrational excitation situation outside, mass 6 moves up and down, and drives bending change of movable metal electrode 4Shape; The deformation of movable metal electrode 4, makes fixed metal plate 2, insulation board 3 and movable metal on the one handThe electrostatic capacitance that plate 4 forms, the capacitance of the first capacitor C 1 changes, and drives on the other hand piezoelectricityBody 52 produces deformation; When piezoelectrics 52 produce deformation, in upper surface electrode 51 and lower surface electrode 53Form respectively the equivalent charges of different polarity, form AC power Us.
Concrete, in the time that mass 6 moves downward, Us (is that instantaneous voltage value is by ripple in decline cyclePeak drops to the half period of trough) in, D1 conducting, D2 are turn-offed, further equivalent circuit diagram asShown in Fig. 5, AC power Us charges to the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2 simultaneously; Meanwhile, GuThe gap of determining between metallic plate 2 and movable metallic plate 4 reduces gradually, and C1 increases gradually; When mass 6Move to upper/lower positions, when movable metallic plate 4 is fitted with insulation board 3, C1 reaches maximum; Above-mentionedProcess makes C1 can store more electric charge in this stage, more effectively from piezoelectric patches 5, obtains electric energy.
In the time that mass 6 moves upward, Us (is that instantaneous voltage value is risen to by trough in the rising cycleThe half period of crest) in, D1 turn-offs, D2 conducting, and AC power Us starts storage capacitor C0Charging,, by piezoelectrics deformation, is converted to electrical power storage to storage capacitor C0 by deformation mechanical energy;Meanwhile, on two pole plates (fixed metal plate 2 and movable metallic plate 4) due to C1, store electric charge,The movable end of movable metallic plate 4 is with the above-mentioned motion of mass 6, and mechanical external force overcomes between two pole platesElectrostatic force acting, moves on the pole plate of storage capacitor C0 the electric charge of two pole plates, i.e. the second electric capacityC2 to storage capacitor C0 charging, realizes mechanical energy and is converted to electric energy under mechanical oscillation effect.
From above-mentioned operation principle, the embodiment of the present application has realized piezoelectric type energy collection and electrostatic energyThe coupling that amount gathers, with respect to single energy acquisition mode under equal conditions, energy acquisition efficiency is carried greatlyHigh; Concrete, if this energy collecting device is regarded as taking piezoelectric type as main, electrostatic as auxiliary, so quietElectric energy conversion part can improve piezoelectric voltage output in the equal piezoelectric charge situation of generation, thereby carriesThe integral energy output of high-energy collector; If this energy collecting device is regarded as taking electrostatic as main, pressureElectricity formula is auxiliary, and piezoelectrics provide precharge charge source for electrostatic energy collector so, and this energyAmount source can the progressively decay along with the growth of service time, thereby realizes electrostatic energy collecting devicePassive.
Piezoelectricity-electrostatic coupling formula that the application provides has no chance vibration energy collector, can be applicable to urban roadVehicle flowrate monitoring wireless sensor system, supplies with source as lasting green energy; Also can form battle arrayRow, for the energy supplying system of new-energy automobile.
In the embodiment of the present application, for ensureing the insulating properties between lattice structure layer, insulation cover plate 7 and insulation basePlatform 1 is preferably based on insulating materials of the same race and makes, as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc.
In the embodiment of the present application, the insulating materials that can be used for making insulation board comprise kraft capacitor paper and insulation thinFilm (as polytetrafluoroethylene film) etc.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, by insulation viscose glue, piezoelectric patches 5 is attached to movable metallic plate 4Outer surface, realize insulation between the two simultaneously and be fixedly connected with. In addition, mass 6 also can pass throughThe modes such as stickup are fixed on the movable end of movable metallic plate 4.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, fixed metal plate 2 and/or movable metallic plate 4 adopt high resiliencySheet metal processes; Described high resiliency sheet metal comprises beryllium-bronze plate etc.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, piezoelectrics 52 can adopt following any piezoelectric processing andBecome: piezoelectric membrane (concrete as poly meta fluoroethylene piezoelectric film) and piezoelectric ceramic wafer.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field can be realized or useThe application. To be aobvious and easy for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodimentSee, General Principle as defined herein can be in the case of not departing from the application's spirit or scope,Realize in other embodiments. Therefore, the application will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article,But to meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (8)
1. a vibration energy collector, is characterized in that, comprising: static unit, piezoelectric unit and storageEnergy circuit;
Described static unit comprises fixed metal plate, insulation board and movable metallic plate;
Described insulation board is arranged between described fixed metal plate and movable metallic plate; Described fixed metal plateBonded to each other with insulation board, and bending is a contour body; One side of described movable metallic plate is as stiff end,Be fixedly connected with described insulation board;
Described piezoelectric unit comprises piezoelectric patches and mass;
Described piezoelectric patches is attached at the outer surface of described movable metallic plate, described piezoelectric patches and described movable goldBelong between plate and be provided with dielectric; Described mass is fixed on the opposite side of described stiff end, for drivingState movable metallic plate and produce deformation;
Described piezoelectric patches is connected with described movable metallic plate by wire; Described accumulator is respectively with describedFixed metal plate is connected with piezoelectric patches;
Described accumulator is used for storing described static unit and piezoelectric unit transforms the electric energy obtaining;
Wherein, described piezoelectric patches comprises piezoelectrics, upper surface electrode and lower surface electrode;
Described upper surface electrode is attached at the upper surface of described piezoelectrics; Described lower surface electrode is attached at instituteState the lower surface of piezoelectrics; Upper surface electrode, piezoelectrics and lower surface electrode form piezoelectric capacitance;
Described lower surface electrode is electrically connected with described movable metallic plate by wire; Described upper surface electrode withDescribed accumulator connects.
2. vibration energy collector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises insulating lidPlate and insulation base station;
Described insulation cover plate is covered in the stiff end top of described movable metallic plate, described insulation base station upperSurface is the cambered surface matching with described contour body, and described contour body is attached at the upper table of described insulation base stationFace;
Between described insulation cover plate and insulation base station, connect, to fix described movable metallic plate and described arcFace body.
3. vibration energy collector according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described insulation cover plateAdopt identical insulating materials to process with insulation base station.
4. according to the vibration energy collector described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that, described inThe insulating materials that insulation board adopts comprises kraft capacitor paper and insulation film.
5. according to the vibration energy collector described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that, described inPiezoelectric patches is located at the outer surface of described movable metallic plate by insulating sticky sticker.
6. according to the vibration energy collector described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that, described inFixed metal plate and/or movable metallic plate adopt high resiliency sheet metal to process;
Described high resiliency sheet metal comprises beryllium-bronze plate.
7. vibration energy collector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described accumulatorComprise the first diode, the second diode and storage capacitor;
Described the first diode and the second diode reverse parallel connection, described energy storage capacitor in series accesses describedTwo diode place parallel branches;
The negative electrode of described the first diode is connected to described fixed metal plate, and the anode of described the first diode connectsIn described upper surface electrode.
8. vibration energy collector according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectrics are adoptedProcess with following any piezoelectric: piezoelectric membrane and piezoelectric ceramic wafer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9660470B2 (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2017-05-23 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Flexible, hybrid energy generating and storage power cell |
| CN104218848A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2014-12-17 | 吉林大学 | Self-adaptive piezoelectric generation cantilever beam |
| CN106160570A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江大学 | Based on the cantilever beam vibration generating device under tunnel wind environment |
| CN107359818B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2023-05-16 | 浙江师范大学 | Piezoelectric windmill |
| CN107395064A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州市职业大学 | A kind of energy recycle device based on piezoelectric cantilever |
| CN108199617B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-07-12 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of transverse direction MEMS piezoelectricity-electrostatic coupling energy collecting device and processing method |
| US20190386584A1 (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-19 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Energy harvesting devices and sensors, and methods of making and use thereof |
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| CN101002343A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2007-07-18 | 米其林技术公司 | Energy harvester with adjustable resonant frequency |
| CN103162872A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-19 | 日本电波工业株式会社 | External force detection equipment |
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| JP4408266B2 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2010-02-03 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Microswitch and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101002343A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2007-07-18 | 米其林技术公司 | Energy harvester with adjustable resonant frequency |
| CN103162872A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-19 | 日本电波工业株式会社 | External force detection equipment |
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