CN103840693B - For the method and system for the inverter for controlling vehicle - Google Patents
For the method and system for the inverter for controlling vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN103840693B CN103840693B CN201310093675.0A CN201310093675A CN103840693B CN 103840693 B CN103840693 B CN 103840693B CN 201310093675 A CN201310093675 A CN 201310093675A CN 103840693 B CN103840693 B CN 103840693B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the method and system of the inverter for controlling vehicle.Specifically provide method, system and the vehicle of the inverter for controlling the vehicle with motor.Obtain the temperature of inverter.Temperature based on inverter adjusts the switching frequency of inverter.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to the field of vehicle, more particularly, to the inverter for controlling vehicle method and
System.
Background technology
Some vehicles, particularly electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle, with direct current (DC) is transformed into exchange
The inverter of electric (AC).General it will often be desirable to inverter temperature be maintained in a threshold value, such as the mistake to avoid inverter
Temperature（over-temperature）State.
Accordingly, it is desired to provide the improved method of the inverter for controlling vehicle, such as help avoid the mistake of inverter
The method of temperature state.It is also desirable that and provides for the improvement system of this control to vehicle inverter and including this method
With the vehicle of system.In addition, based on subsequent detailed description and appended claims and with reference to accompanying drawing and foregoing technical field
And background technology, other desired characters of the invention and characteristic will become obvious.
The content of the invention
According to an exemplary embodiment, there is provided a kind of method for being used to control the inverter of the vehicle with motor.Should
Method includes：Obtain the temperature of inverter and the switching frequency of inverter is adjusted based on the temperature.
According to another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a kind of system for being used to control the inverter of vehicle, the inverter
With switching frequency.The system includes memory and processor.Memory be configured to storage inverter current switch frequency with it is inverse
The relation become between device expectation switching frequency, the relation is based on inverter temperature.Processor is configured to be based on the temperature and institute
Relation is stated to adjust the switching frequency of inverter.
According to another exemplary embodiment, there is provided a kind of vehicle.The vehicle includes multiple wheels and a power train.Pass
Dynamic series structure provides power into the multiple wheel.Power train includes motor and inverter assembly.Inverter assembly has connection
It is connected to the inverter of motor.Inverter assembly is configured to obtain the temperature of inverter and opening based on the temperature adjustment inverter
Close frequency.
The invention further relates to following technical scheme.
A kind of method for being used to control the inverter of vehicle of scheme 1., methods described includes：
Obtain the temperature of the inverter；And
The switching frequency of the inverter is adjusted based on the temperature.
Method of the scheme 2. as described in scheme 1, wherein：
Maximum temperature of the step of the obtaining the temperature including obtaining the inverter；And
The step of adjusting the switching frequency includes adjusting the switching frequency based on the maximum temperature.
Method of the scheme 3. as described in scheme 2, wherein, the step of obtaining the maximum temperature includes：
Obtain the a- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the b- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the c- phase temperature of the inverter；And
Maximum temperature in the a- phases temperature, the b- phases temperature and the c- phases temperature is defined as the highest
Temperature.
Method of the scheme 4. as described in scheme 1, wherein, the step of adjusting the switching frequency includes：
Using the temperature and the temperature is set to expect the current of switching frequency and the inverter with the inverter
Relation between switching frequency sets up the look-up table of contact, determines the relation；And
The switching frequency is adjusted based on the relation.
Method of the scheme 5. as described in scheme 4, wherein：
The step of determining the relation determines the expectation switching frequency using the temperature and the look-up table
With the ratio between the current switch frequency.
Method of the scheme 6. as described in scheme 5, wherein：
Maximum temperature of the step of the obtaining the temperature including determining the inverter；And
The step of determining the relation includes determining the relation based on the maximum temperature and the look-up table, wherein,
The look-up table makes the maximum temperature be contacted with relation foundation.
Method of the scheme 7. as described in scheme 6, in addition to：
Determine the current switch frequency；And
The expectation switching frequency is calculated based on the current switch frequency and the ratio；
Wherein, the step of adjusting the switching frequency includes switching frequency regulation to arrive expects switch frequency equal to described
Rate, if the expectation switching frequency is more than minimal switching frequency and less than if maximum switching frequency.
A kind of system for being used to control the inverter of vehicle of scheme 8., the inverter has switching frequency, and described
System includes：
Memory, the memory is configured to store expectation of the current switch frequency with the inverter of the inverter
Relation between switching frequency, temperature of the relation based on the inverter；And
Processor, the processor is configured to adjust the switch frequency of the inverter based on the temperature and the relation
Rate.
System of the scheme 9. as described in scheme 8, wherein：
Maximum temperature of the relation based on the inverter；And
The processor is configured to adjust the switching frequency based on the maximum temperature and the relation.
System of the scheme 10. as described in scheme 9, wherein：
The maximum temperature is defined as the a- phases temperature of the inverter, the b- phases temperature of the inverter and described
Peak in the c- phase temperature of inverter.
System of the scheme 11. as described in scheme 10, in addition to：
It is configured to measure the first sensor of the a- phases temperature；
It is configured to measure the second sensor of the b- phases temperature；And
It is configured to measure the 3rd sensor of the c- phases temperature.
System of the scheme 12. as described in scheme 8, wherein, the relation includes the expectation switching frequency and described current
The ratio being stored in the look-up table of the memory between switching frequency.
System of the scheme 13. as described in scheme 12, wherein, the processor is configured to：
Obtain the maximum temperature of the inverter；And
The switching frequency is adjusted using the ratio.
System of the scheme 14. as described in scheme 13, wherein, the processor is configured to：
Determine the current switch frequency；
The expectation switching frequency is calculated based on the current switch frequency and the ratio；And
The switching frequency is adjusted to be equal to the expectation switching frequency, if the expectation switching frequency is more than minimum
Switching frequency and less than if maximum switching frequency.
A kind of vehicle of scheme 15., including：
Multiple wheels；And
The power train that the multiple wheel provides power is configured to, the power train includes：
Motor；And
Inverter assembly, the inverter assembly has the inverter for being connected to the motor, and the inverter assembly is matched somebody with somebody
It is set to：
Obtain the temperature of the inverter；And
The switching frequency of the inverter is adjusted based on the temperature.
Vehicle of the scheme 16. as described in scheme 15, wherein, the inverter assembly is configured to：
Obtain the a- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the b- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the c- phase temperature of the inverter；
The maximum temperature of the inverter is determined, the maximum temperature is the a- phases temperature, the b- phases temperature and institute
State the peak in c- phase temperature；And
The switching frequency of the inverter is adjusted based on the maximum temperature.
Vehicle of the scheme 17. as described in scheme 15, wherein, the inverter assembly is configured to：
Using the temperature and the temperature is set to expect the current of switching frequency and the inverter with the inverter
Relation between switching frequency sets up the look-up table of contact, determines the relation；And
The switching frequency is adjusted based on the relation.
Vehicle of the scheme 18. as described in scheme 17, wherein, the inverter assembly is configured to：
Determine the maximum temperature of the inverter；And
The relation is determined based on the maximum temperature and the look-up table, wherein, the look-up table makes the highest temperature
Degree is set up with the relation and contacted.
Vehicle of the scheme 19. as described in scheme 18, wherein, the relation includes the expectation switching frequency and worked as with described
Ratio between preceding switch frequency.
Vehicle of the scheme 20. as described in scheme 19, wherein, the inverter assembly is also configured to：
Determine the current switch frequency；
The expectation switching frequency is calculated based on the current switch frequency and the ratio；And
The switching frequency is adjusted to be equal to the expectation switching frequency, if the expectation switching frequency is more than minimum
Switching frequency and less than if maximum switching frequency.
Brief description of the drawings
The disclosure is described hereinafter in connection with the following drawings, wherein identical reference represents identical member
Part, and wherein：
Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the vehicle including inverter assembly according to an exemplary embodiment；Inverter group
Part has inverter and the control system for controlling inverter.
Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of the inverter assembly of Fig. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for being used to control the process of vehicle inverter according to an alternative exemplary embodiment, can
The process is implemented with the inverter assembly of the vehicle and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 that combine Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is that the subprocess of a step during Fig. 3 according to an exemplary embodiment is (i.e. current for determining
The subprocess of inverter switching frequency) flow chart.
Embodiment
What following detailed description was merely exemplary in itself, it is not intended to the limitation disclosure or its application and makes
With.In addition, being not intended to by any theoretical constraint gone out given in background technology above or following detailed description.
Fig. 1 shows the vehicle 100 or automobile according to an exemplary embodiment.It is as described in more detail below, vehicle
100 include motor 132 and inverter assembly 126；Inverter assembly 126 controls car based on the temperature of inverter assembly 126
Inverter (switching frequency for including inverter), thereby assisting in prevents the over-temperature condition of inverter assembly 126（And have
Help prevent inverter must not be not related to due to over-temperature condition from closing）.
Vehicle 100 includes chassis 112, car body 114, four wheels 116 and electronic control system 118.Car body 114 is by cloth
Put on chassis 112 and substantially enclose other parts of vehicle 100.Car body 114 and chassis 112 can collectively constitute car
Frame.Vicinity at each angle of car body 114, wheel 116 is each rotationally coupled to chassis 112.
Vehicle 100 can be any of some different type automobiles, for example car, lorry, truck or sports type
Vehicle (SUV), and can be two-wheel drive (2WD) (that is, rear wheel drive or front-wheel drive), four-wheel drive (4WD) or
A11wheel drive (AWD).Vehicle 100 can also include any of some different type electric propulsion systems or its combination, for example
By the combustion engine of fuel of gasoline or diesel oil, " flexible fuel vehicles " (FFV) engine is (that is, using the mixed of gasoline and alcohol
Compound), with gaseous compound (for example, hydrogen and/or natural gas) be the engine of fuel, burning/electric motor hybrid engine and
Motor.
In Fig. 1 in shown exemplary embodiment, vehicle 100 is hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and vehicle
100 also include actuator 120, chargeable energy-storage system (RESS) 122, above-mentioned inverter assembly 126 and radiator 128.
Actuator 120 include be arranged on chassis 112 on and driving moment 116 at least one propulsion system 129.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, actuator 120 include combustion engine 130 and motor/generator (or
Motor) 132 (above-mentioned).As those in the art will appreciate, motor 132 includes transmission device, although and
It is not shown but also include field frame assembly (including conductive coil), rotor assembly (including ferromagnetic core), coolant or cooling agent.Motor
Field frame assembly and/or rotor assembly in 132 may include multiple electromagnetic poles, as is generally understood.
It is combustion engine 130 and motor 132 is integrated so that one or both of which passes through one referring still to Fig. 1
Individual or multiple power transmission shafts 134 are mechanically coupled at least part of wheel 116.In one embodiment, vehicle 100 is that " series connection is mixed
Close power electric vehicle ", wherein combustion engine 130 is not coupled directly to transmission device but is connected to for motor 132
The generator (not shown) of electric power is provided.In another embodiment, vehicle 100 is " parallel mixed power electric vehicle ", its
In make combustion engine 130 straight for example, by making the rotor of motor 132 be rotationally coupled to the power transmission shaft of combustion engine 130
Connect and be connected to transmission device.In some other embodiments, vehicle 100 may include the pure electric vehicle without combustion engine 130
.
RESS 122 is electrically connected to inverter assembly 126.In one embodiment, RESS 122 is arranged on chassis
On 112.In one suchembodiment, RESS 122 is arranged in vehicle cab.In another embodiment,
RESS 122 is arranged on below vehicle cab.RESS 122 preferably includes rechargeable battery, and the battery has one group of electricity
Pool unit.In one embodiment, RESS 122 includes ferric phosphate lithium cell, such as nanometer phosphoric acid lithium ion battery.RESS
122 and propulsion system 129 collectively constitute promote vehicle 100 drive system.
Radiator 128 is connected externally to vehicle frame in vehicle frame, and radiator 128 (although not being shown specifically) includes multiple contain
The cooling duct of cooling fluid (that is, cooling agent) such as water and/or ethylene glycol (that is, antifreezing agent) and it is connected to combustion engine
130 and inverter assembly 126.
Fig. 2 provides the functional-block diagram of the inverter assembly 126 of Fig. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment.Such as institute in Fig. 2
Show, inverter assembly 126 includes inverter 202 and control system 204.Inverter assembly 126 is depicted as one or more
The side of the diagram of other Vehicular systems 206, Vehicular system 206 can via communication line 207 (such as vehicle CAN bus) with
Inverter assembly 126 is write to each other.
Direct current (DC) is transformed into alternating current (AC) by inverter 202, so as to (such as electricity of Fig. 1 of vehicle 100 for Fig. 1
Machine 132) use.Control system 204 controls the operation of inverter 202.According to below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 mistakes in greater detail
Journey, control system 204 controls the switching frequency of inverter 202, so as to help avoid the over-temperature condition of inverter 202.
As shown in Figure 2, control system 204 includes sensor array 210 and controller 220.Although in addition, not showing so
Go out, but control system 204 (and/or one or more part) can be integrated with Fig. 1 electronic control system 118 and may be used also
Including one or more power supplys.In certain embodiments, controller 220 may include cooperative multiple controllers and/or be
System.In order to concise, this controller and/or system are commonly referred to as controller 220 herein.
Sensor array 210 may include with the one or more in lower sensor：Temperature sensor 212, current sensor
214 and voltage sensor 216, other sensors are may also include in certain embodiments (such as determining that inverter minimum is opened
The motor speed sensor of frequency is closed, is such as discussed further below).Temperature sensor 212 measurement inverter 202 nearby and/
Or the temperature value for the article being used together with inverter 202.In one embodiment, temperature sensor 212 is measured for inversion
The temperature value of the cooling agent or cooling pin (not shown) of device 202.Current sensor 214 measures the current value of inverter 202.Voltage
Sensor 216 measures the magnitude of voltage of inverter 202.According in the Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 being described further below the step of process, sensing
Various sensors in device array 210 are supplied to the signal or other information relevant with measured value for controlling inverter 202
The controller 220 of switching frequency.
As shown in Figure 2, controller 220 includes computer system.In certain embodiments, controller 220 may also include
The electronic control system 118 of one or more sensors, Fig. 1 in sensor array 210 and/or its part, and/or one or
A number of other devices.Further, it is to be understood that controller 220 can be different from the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 with other manner.
For example, controller 220 can be connected to or can otherwise use one or more remote computer systems and/or other controls
System processed.
In the illustrated embodiment, the computer system of controller 220 includes with processor 222, memory 224, connect
The computer system of mouth 226, storage device 228 and bus 230.Processor 222 performs calculating and the control work(of controller 220
Can, and may include any kind of processor or multiple processors, single integrated circuit (such as microprocessor) or collaboration
Work is with any appropriate number of IC apparatus and/or circuit board of the function of realizing processing unit.During running, place
Manage device 222 and perform one or more programs 232 contained in memory 224, therefore control controller 220 and controller 220
Computer system general operation, preferably perform process specifically described herein the step of (such as with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
The step of process 300 further described) when.
Memory 224 can be any kind of suitable memory.The memory will include various types of dynamics
Random access memory (DRAM) such as SDRAM, various types of static RAMs (SRAM) and all kinds
Nonvolatile memory (PROM, EPROM and flash memory).The function of bus 230 is the computer in controller 220
Transmission procedure, data, state and other information or signal between the various parts of system.In a preferred embodiment, store
Device 224 stores the said procedure 232 and one or more storage values 234 for controlling the switching frequency of inverter 202.Some
In example, memory 224 be located at and/or be co-located at on the identical computer chip of processor 222.
Interface 226 allows for example from system drive and/or another computer system to the department of computer science of controller 220
The communication of system, and can be implemented using any suitable method and apparatus.Interface 226 can include being used for and other systems
Or one or more network interfaces that part is write to each other.Interface 226 may also include for being communicated with technical staff
One or more network interfaces, and/or be connected to one or more storage devices of storage device (such as storage device 228)
Interface.
Storage device 228 can be the storage device of any type, including direct access storage device, such as hard disk
Driver, flash memory system, floppy disk driver and CD drive.In one exemplary embodiment, storage device 228 includes
Program product, memory 224 can receive one or many of the one or more processes for performing the disclosure from the program product
The program 232 of individual embodiment (the step of Fig. 3 for being for example described further below and Fig. 4 process 300).It is exemplary at another
In embodiment, program product can be stored directly in memory 224 and/or disk (for example, disk 186) and/or with other sides
Formula is stored by 224 and/or disk access, such as disclosed below.
Bus 230 can be each computer system of connection and any suitable physically or logically means of part.This includes
But it is not limited to：Direct rigid line connection, optical fiber, infrared and wireless bus technology.During running, program 232 is stored in storage
The program is performed in device 224 and by processor 222.
Although it should be appreciated that describing the present exemplary embodiment, ability under the background of full function computer system
The mechanism that field technique personnel will be recognized that the disclosure can utilize the computer-readable signal of non-transitory of one or more types
Carry medium and issue in the form of a program product, it is to be used to store it that the computer-readable signal of non-transitory, which carries medium,
Program and instruct and perform its issue, for example storage program and containing making computer processor (such as processor 222) complete
Into and perform the program computer instruction non-transitory computer-readable medium.This program product can use a variety of shapes
State, and no matter be used for perform issue computer-readable signal carry medium particular type how the disclosure on an equal basis fit
With.The example that signal carries medium includes：Recordable media (such as floppy disc, hard disk drive, storage card and CD) and
Transmission medium (such as numeral and analog communication line).Similarly it should be appreciated that the computer system of controller 220 also may be used
Otherwise it is different from the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, such as computer system of controller 220 can be connected to or can be with it
Its mode uses one or more remote computer systems and/or other control systems.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for being used to control the process 300 of inverter according to an exemplary embodiment.Process 300 is controlled
The switching frequency of inverter processed (and helps avoid inverter due to excess temperature so as to help avoid the over-temperature condition of inverter
Protect and must not be not related to and close).Process 300 can be with Fig. 1 vehicle 100 and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 inverter assembly 126 (including electricity
Machine 132, inverter 202, control system 204 and its various parts) it is used in combination.Preferably, current vehicle drive (or
The current vehicle ignition circulation of person) in, repeatedly each step of (and preferably continuously) implementation procedure 300.
As shown in Figure 3, the step of process 300 includes obtaining the first inverter temperature (step 302).In current igniting
In circulation during invertor operation, the first inverter temperature of the first phase for being related to inverter is preferably obtained.At one
In preferred embodiment, during the step 302, using shown in Fig. 4 and be further discussed below subprocess the step of determine
The a- phase temperature of inverter.The controller (preferably its processor 222) that a- phase temperature values are supplied to Fig. 2 is handled.
Also the second inverter temperature (step 304) is obtained.In current ignition cycle during invertor operation, preferably
Ground obtains the second inverter temperature of the second phase for being related to inverter.In a preferred embodiment, during step 304,
Using shown in Fig. 4 and be further discussed below subprocess the step of determine the b- phase temperature of inverter.B- phase temperature
Value is supplied to Fig. 2 controller (preferably its processor 222) to be handled.
In addition, obtaining the 3rd inverter temperature (step 306).In the runtime of inverter in current ignition cycle
Between, preferably obtain the 3rd inverter temperature of the third phase for being related to inverter.In a preferred embodiment, in step
During 306, using shown in Fig. 4 and be further discussed below subprocess the step of determine the c- phase temperature of inverter.
C- phase temperature values are supplied to Fig. 2 controller (preferably its processor 222) to be handled.
There is provided the sub- mistake for being used to determine the phase temperature of each phase of inverter according to an exemplary embodiment for reference picture 4
The step of journey (step 302,304 and 306 that correspond to Fig. 3).Preferably, individually mutually perform Fig. 4's for each of inverter
Step.And specifically, it is preferable to ground, the step of (i) performs Fig. 4 for the a- phases of inverter, so that it is determined that the a- phase inversions of step 302
Device temperature；(ii) the step of b- phases for inverter perform Fig. 4 is so that it is determined that the b- phase inverter temperature of step 304；And
(iii) the step of c- phases for inverter perform Fig. 4 is so that it is determined that the c- phase inverter temperature of step 306.
Measure the voltage (step 402) of inverter.The direct current (DC) that the voltage of step 402 preferably includes inverter is total
Line voltage.The voltage preferably is measured by Fig. 2 one or more voltage sensors 216, and the voltage is supplied to Fig. 2's
Processor 222.
It is determined that the phase voltage directive (step 404) of the inverter phase in considering.In a preferred embodiment, (i) is in step
During rapid 404 first time repeats, the voltage instruction of the a- phases of step 302 is determined；(ii) in the repeating for the second time of step 404,
Determine the voltage instruction of the b- phases of step 304；And (iii) is in the third time of step 404 is repeated, the c- of step 306 is determined
The voltage instruction of phase.These phase voltage directives are preferably determined by Fig. 2 processor 222.
The phase current (step 406) of inverter phase in measurement consideration.In a preferred embodiment, (i) is in step 406
First time repeat, determine the phase current of the a- phases of step 302；(ii) in the repeating for the second time of step 406, step is determined
The phase current of 304 b- phases；And (iii) is in the third time of step 406 is repeated, the phase current of the c- phases of step 306 is determined.
These phase currents are preferably measured by Fig. 2 current sensor 214, and these phase currents are supplied to Fig. 2 processor
222。
Determine the switching frequency (step 408) of inverter.In a preferred embodiment, the switching frequency bag of step 408
Include the current switch frequency of Fig. 2 inverter 202.Switch frequency is preferably determined by the processor 222 of Fig. 2 controller 220
Rate, the inverter 202 of the control figure 2 of controller 220.For example, processor 222 can monitor the reality of inverter 202 within a period of time
Border is switched, or can access the switch order switched by the inverter 202 used in processor 222 for control figure 2.
Calculate the power loss (step 410) of inverter.Preferably, for being currently that it calculates power loss
The repetition of mutually relevant Fig. 4 subprocess, is referred to by Fig. 2 processor 222 using the voltage of step 402, the phase voltage of step 404
Make, the switching frequency of the measurement phase current of step 406 and step 408 as input, and individually calculate each phase of inverter (i.e.,
The c- phases of the a- phases of step 302, the b- phases of step 304 and step 306) power loss.Preferably for each of inverter
Phase, repeats Fig. 4 these steps and other steps.
In one exemplary embodiment, inverter loss is calculated using the following steps：
(1) according to below equation, α the and β components of voltage instruction are obtained using three-phase voltage command：
(equation 1) and
(equation 2)；
(2) according to below equation, α the and β components of electric current are obtained using the three-phase current of measurement：
(equation 3) and
(equation 4)；
(3) according to below equation, the size and phase of voltage instruction are obtained using α the and β components of voltage instruction：
(equation 5) and
(equation 6)；
(4) according to below equation, the size and phase of electric current are obtained using α the and β components of electric current：
(equation 7) and
(equation 8)；
(5) according to below equation, dc (direct current) power and ac (alternating current) power are obtained：
(equation 9) and
(equation 10)；And
(6) according to below equation, inverter loss is obtained：
(equation 11)；
WhereinV dc The inverter dc voltages obtained by step 402 are represented,V* as 、V* bs 、V* cs Represent what is obtained by step 404
Phase voltage directive,I as 、I bs 、I cs The phase current obtained by step 406 is represented, andI dc Represent inverter dc electric currents, it is possible to use
Another current sensor is somebody's turn to do using the three-phase current and on off state of inverterI dc .However, implementing other
Inverter loss can be calculated in example by different modes.
The power loss of step 410 is used for the caused temperature change (step for calculating the inverter phase in considering
412).Specifically, according to one embodiment, Fig. 2 processor 222 is stored in depositing for Fig. 2 by the use of as a storage value 234
Thermal model in reservoir 224 calculates the inversion of Fig. 2 caused by the power loss of the step 410 of the corresponding phase of inverter
The temperature rise of device 202.Preferably, individually repeating in step 412, using by corresponding corresponding to inverter phase the step of
The power loss value that 410 corresponding independent repetition is obtained, calculates the temperature of each phase of inverter (a- phases, b- phases and c- phases)
Change.
Base position near inverter, measurement temperature (step 414).Preferably, by one or more Fig. 2 temperature
Sensor 212 measures the temperature, and the temperature is supplied to Fig. 2 processor 222.In one embodiment, measurement with
The relevant temperature of cooling agent for inverter.In another embodiment, measurement is relevant with the cooling pin for inverter
Temperature.
Calculate the inverter temperature (step 416) of the corresponding phase in considering.For each phase, preferably by step
414 temperature is added and calculated the inverter temperature of corresponding phase to the temperature change of step 412.Preferably, in the phase of step 416
During should repeating, the inverter temperature of the c- phases of the a- phases of calculation procedure 302, the b- phases of step 304 and step 306.These meters
The inverter temperature calculated represents the value obtained in Fig. 3 step 302,304 and 306 respectively.Preferably, by Fig. 2's
Manage device 222 and carry out these calculating.
Determine the maximum temperature (step 308) of inverter.In a preferred embodiment, maximum temperature is lighted a fire currently
Maximum during circulation in the most recent value of step 302-306 first, second, and third inverter temperature value.In above-mentioned implementation
In example, maximum temperature includes the peak of the phase temperature of inverter.Specifically, a- phases temperature, b- phases temperature or the c- of inverter
Phase temperature, which is the peak in three values of the most recent value of current ignition cycle, and which maximum temperature just includes.It is excellent
Selection of land, the highest of inverter is determined by Fig. 2 processor 222 based on various temperature values obtained in above-mentioned steps 302-306
Temperature.
Determine the relation (step 310) expected between switching frequency and the current switch frequency of inverter of inverter.Profit
The relation is determined with inverter temperature (maximum temperatures of preferred steps 308).Preferably, utilized and looked into by Fig. 2 processor 222
Look for table to determine the relation, look-up table represents the storage value 234 being stored in Fig. 2 memory 224.Look-up table is each highest temperature
Angle value provides corresponding relation value.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, in given step 308 in the case of highest inverter temperature, step
310 relation includes expecting the ratio between switching frequency and current switch frequency.In the present embodiment, look-up table is each highest
Temperature value provides corresponding ratio (i.e. it is desired to switching frequency/current switch frequency).For example, the value in look-up table can be logical
Cross the either type in some different modes and (for example utilize the experiment number with the various ratios under various different temperatures values
According to) and be previously generated value, before this area available document, and/or inverter manufacturer specification.
Determine the current switch frequency (step 312) of inverter.Preferably, determined currently to open by Fig. 2 processor 222
Close frequency, the inverter 202 of the control figure 2 of processor 222.For example, processor 222 can monitor inverter 202 within a period of time
Actual switch, or the switch order of the switch for the inverter 202 for being used for control figure 2 by processor 222 can be accessed.One
In individual preferred embodiment, current switch frequency is worth corresponding to identified in above-mentioned Fig. 4 step 408.
Determine the expectation switching frequency (step 314) of inverter.Utilize the current switch frequency and step 310 of step 312
Switching frequency relation come determine expect switching frequency.Include ratio (i.e. it is desired to switching frequency/current switch in the relation
Frequency) above-described embodiment in, in a step 314 by the current switch frequency of step 312 is multiplied by step 310 switch frequency
Rate ratio and calculate expectation switching frequency.Preferably, expectation switching frequency is calculated by Fig. 2 processor 222.
Whether the expectation switching frequency of judgment step 314 is more than the maximum switching frequency (step 316) of inverter.Maximum is opened
Close frequency and preferably include following switching frequency：Think it is uneasy for invertor operation if the switching frequency is higher than
It is complete and/or undesirable.In one embodiment, by inverter 202 of Fig. 2 processor 222 based on Fig. 2 and/or
The manufacturer specification of device 222 is managed to determine maximum switching frequency.In other embodiments, before process 300 (for example,
During manufacture) maximum switching frequency is predefined, and the maximum switching frequency is stored in memory 224 as its and stores
A value in value 234.
If judging it is expected that switching frequency is more than or equal to maximum switching frequency in step 316, then inverter
Switching frequency regulation, which is arrived, is equal to maximum switching frequency (step 318).Preferably, by the processor 222 of Fig. 2 controller 220
This regulation is performed, processor 222 is by being supplied to the instruction of inverter 202 come the switching frequency of the inverter 202 of control figure 2.
If on the contrary, judging it is expected that switching frequency is less than maximum switching frequency in step 316, then judgment step 314
Expect switching frequency whether be less than inverter minimal switching frequency (step 320).Minimal switching frequency preferably include as
Under switching frequency：Think to be dangerous for the operation of inverter and/or not phase if less than this switching frequency
Hope.In one embodiment, by the manufacturer specification of inverter 202 of Fig. 2 processor 222 based on Fig. 2, on vehicle
In noise and/or vibration requirement, and/or the motor speed (for example, using measured by motor speed sensor) of vehicle
To determine minimal switching frequency.In other embodiments, minimum is predefined (for example, during manufacture) before process 300
Switching frequency, and it is used as one in its storage value 234 to be worth in memory 224 minimal switching frequency storage.
If judging it is expected that switching frequency is less than or equal to minimal switching frequency in step 320, then inverter
Switching frequency regulation, which is arrived, is equal to minimal switching frequency (step 322).Preferably, by the processor 222 of Fig. 2 controller 220
Perform this regulation, processor 222 by be supplied to inverter 202 instruction and control figure 2 inverter 202 switching frequency.
If on the contrary, judging it is expected that switching frequency is more than minimal switching frequency in step 320, then opening for inverter
Close frequency regulation and arrive the expectation switching frequency (step 324) for being equal to step 314.Preferably, by Fig. 2 controller 220 processing
Device 222 perform this regulation, processor 222 by be supplied to inverter 202 instruction and control figure 2 inverter 202 switch
Frequency.Therefore, if it is desired to which switching frequency is between the minimum and maximum switch limit value allowed of inverter, then using step
314 expectation switching frequency.
Therefore, method disclosed herein, system and vehicle provide the control to vehicle inverter potentially improved.Open
Closing frequency relation (preferably, ratio) is used for based on inverter temperature (preferably, the highest temperature in the different phase temperature of inverter
Degree) the expectation switching frequency of inverter is determined, so as to just adjust opening for inverter in elevated situation for inverter temperature
Close frequency.By adjusting the switching frequency of inverter during such case, can aid in prevents over-temperature condition, and can be with
Vehicle is helped allowed to reach the longer time using inverter and inverter need not be closed due to inverter overheat protector.
It should be appreciated that method disclosed herein, system and vehicle can with it is shown in accompanying drawing and specifically described herein
It is different.For example, vehicle 100, inverter assembly 126 and/or its various parts and/or related item are (for example, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
In) can with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and the difference with reference to described by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.In addition, it is to be understood that process 300
Some steps of (and/or its subprocess) can with shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 and/or the step with reference to described by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
It is different.Also, it is to be understood that, some steps of said process can simultaneously carry out or with shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
And/or carried out above in conjunction with order different described by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Although giving at least one exemplary embodiment in detailed description above, it is appreciated that existing substantial amounts of
Modification.It should also be recognized that these exemplary embodiments are example, and be not intended to limit in any way the scope of the present invention,
Using or construction.On the contrary, detailed description above will provide side for implementing exemplary embodiment for those skilled in the art
Just route map.It should be appreciated that stating the scope of the invention in without departing substantially from appended claims and its legal equivalents
In the case of, it can be made a variety of changes in the function and arrangement of each element.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of method for being used to control the inverter of vehicle, methods described includes：
Obtain the temperature of the inverter；And
The switching frequency of the inverter is adjusted based on the temperature；
Wherein, the step of subprocess for determining each phase temperature of inverter includes：Calculate the power loss of inverter, the work(
Rate loses the temperature change for calculating each phase of inverter；And pass through the temperature for measuring the base position near the inverter
Spend the inverter temperature for being added and calculating corresponding phase to the temperature change.
2. the method as described in claim 1, wherein：
Maximum temperature of the step of the obtaining the temperature including obtaining the inverter；And
The step of adjusting the switching frequency includes adjusting the switching frequency based on the maximum temperature.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the step of obtaining the maximum temperature includes：
Obtain the a- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the b- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the c- phase temperature of the inverter；And
Maximum temperature in the a- phases temperature, the b- phases temperature and the c- phases temperature is defined as the maximum temperature.
4. the step of the method for claim 1, wherein adjusting the switching frequency includes：
Using the temperature and make the temperature with the current switch for expecting switching frequency and the inverter of the inverter
Relation between frequency sets up the look-up table of contact, determines the relation；And
The switching frequency is adjusted based on the relation.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein：
The step of determining the relation determines the expectation switching frequency and institute using the temperature and the look-up table
State the ratio between current switch frequency.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein：
Maximum temperature of the step of the obtaining the temperature including determining the inverter；And
The step of determining the relation includes determining the relation based on the maximum temperature and the look-up table, wherein, it is described
Look-up table makes the maximum temperature be contacted with relation foundation.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, in addition to：
Determine the current switch frequency；And
The expectation switching frequency is calculated based on the current switch frequency and the ratio；
Wherein, the step of adjusting the switching frequency includes：When the expectation switching frequency is more than minimal switching frequency and is less than
During maximum switching frequency, switching frequency regulation is arrived and is equal to the expectation switching frequency.
8. a kind of system for being used to control the inverter of vehicle, the inverter has switching frequency, and the system includes：
Memory, the memory is configured to store expectation switch of the current switch frequency with the inverter of the inverter
Relation between frequency, temperature of the relation based on the inverter；And
Processor, the processor is configured to adjust the switching frequency of the inverter based on the temperature and the relation；
Wherein, the step of subprocess for determining each phase temperature of inverter includes：Calculate the power loss of inverter, the work(
Rate loses the temperature change for calculating each phase of inverter；And the temperature measured by the base position near the inverter
The inverter temperature of corresponding phase is added and calculated to the temperature change.
9. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein：
Maximum temperature of the relation based on the inverter；And
The processor is configured to adjust the switching frequency based on the maximum temperature and the relation.
10. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein：
The maximum temperature is defined as to the a- phases temperature, the b- phases temperature of the inverter and the inversion of the inverter
Peak in the c- phase temperature of device.
11. system as claimed in claim 10, in addition to：
It is configured to measure the first sensor of the a- phases temperature；
It is configured to measure the second sensor of the b- phases temperature；And
It is configured to measure the 3rd sensor of the c- phases temperature.
12. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the relation includes the expectation switching frequency and the current switch
The ratio being stored in the look-up table of the memory between frequency.
13. system as claimed in claim 12, wherein, the processor is configured to：
Obtain the maximum temperature of the inverter；And
The switching frequency is adjusted using the ratio.
14. system as claimed in claim 13, wherein, the processor is configured to：
Determine the current switch frequency；
The expectation switching frequency is calculated based on the current switch frequency and the ratio；And
When the expectation switching frequency is more than minimal switching frequency and is less than maximum switching frequency, the switching frequency is adjusted
To equal to the expectation switching frequency.
15. a kind of vehicle, including：
Multiple wheels；And
The power train that the multiple wheel provides power is configured to, the power train includes：
Motor；And
Inverter assembly, the inverter assembly has the inverter for being connected to the motor, and the inverter assembly is configured to：
Obtain the temperature of the inverter；And
The switching frequency of the inverter is adjusted based on the temperature；
Wherein, the step of subprocess for determining each phase temperature of inverter includes：Calculate the power loss of inverter, the work(
Rate loses the temperature change for calculating each phase of inverter；And the temperature measured by the base position near the inverter
The inverter temperature of corresponding phase is added and calculated to the temperature change.
16. vehicle as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the inverter assembly is configured to：
Obtain the a- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the b- phase temperature of the inverter；
Obtain the c- phase temperature of the inverter；
The maximum temperature of the inverter is determined, the maximum temperature is the a- phases temperature, the b- phases temperature and the c-
Peak in phase temperature；And
The switching frequency of the inverter is adjusted based on the maximum temperature.
17. vehicle as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the inverter assembly is configured to：
Using the temperature and make the temperature with the current switch for expecting switching frequency and the inverter of the inverter
Relation between frequency sets up the look-up table of contact, determines the relation；And
The switching frequency is adjusted based on the relation.
18. vehicle as claimed in claim 17, wherein, the inverter assembly is configured to：
Determine the maximum temperature of the inverter；And
The relation is determined based on the maximum temperature and the look-up table, wherein, the look-up table make the maximum temperature with
The relation sets up contact.
19. vehicle as claimed in claim 18, wherein, the relation includes the expectation switching frequency and the current switch
Ratio between frequency.
20. vehicle as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the inverter assembly is also configured to：
Determine the current switch frequency；
The expectation switching frequency is calculated based on the current switch frequency and the ratio；And
When the expectation switching frequency is more than minimal switching frequency and is less than maximum switching frequency, the switching frequency is adjusted
To equal to the expectation switching frequency.
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| DE102012221423.2 | 2012-11-23 | ||
| DE102012221423 | 2012-11-23 |
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| CN102710158A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-10-03 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Inverter device |
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| JP4533337B2 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2010-09-01 | 日精樹脂工業株式会社 | Temperature control method for injection molding machine |
| CN101997302B (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2014-03-19 | 乌云翔 | Method for protecting electric/electronic device of high-power converter from overhigh temperature |
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