CN103839690A - Nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, electrode sheet and super capacitor - Google Patents
Nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, electrode sheet and super capacitor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and discloses a nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, a preparation method of the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, an electrode sheet and a super capacitor. The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps: graphite oxide is arranged in a reactor with inert atmosphere; adding processing is performed on the graphite oxide; and ammonia gas and water vapor are added into the reactor to perform reduction reaction so that the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material is obtained. According to the preparation method of the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material with high specific surface area and high conductivity can be obtained. The super capacitor is prepared by adopting the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material so that energy density and power density of the capacitor can be enhanced; and various performances of graphene material can be realized in one step so that operation steps are simplified and production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical field, relate in particular to a kind of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material and preparation method thereof.The invention still further relates to and use the electrode slice that nitrogen-doped graphene composite material is active material, and use the ultracapacitor of this electrode slice.
Background technology
Ultracapacitor (Supercapacitors) claims again electrochemical capacitor (Electrochemical Capacitors) or double electric layer capacitor (Electric Double Layer Capacitors), it is a kind of novel energy-storing element between traditional capacitor and battery, there is more high-specific capacitance super and energy density compared with traditional capacitor, there is higher power density compared with battery; Because ultracapacitor has that the speed of discharging and recharging is fast, environmentally safe and the advantage such as have extended cycle life, promise to be novel green energy resource in this century.Electrode material is the important component part of ultracapacitor, be affect ultracapacitor capacitive character can and the key factor of production cost, therefore research and develop high-performance, electrode material is the important content of ultracapacitor research work cheaply.The electrode material of the ultracapacitor of research mainly contains Carbon Materials, metal oxide and hydrate electrode material thereof and conductive polymer electrodes material at present.
At present the electrode material of double electric layers supercapacitor is mainly material with carbon element, has good heat conduction and electric conductivity, higher specific area, is widely used in electrochemical field and makes electrode material, and material with carbon element is the most successfully one of electrode material of current industrialization.At present, the research of carbon-based electrode material mainly concentrates on research and development and has the research of the aspects such as porous carbon materials that high-specific surface area, internal resistance are less.Graphene has high specific area, fabulous conductivity, good thermal conductivity, and the cost performance of the Graphene obtaining by graphite oxide reducing process is higher, and good stability, is the ideal electrode material of ultracapacitor.The ultracapacitor that use Graphene produces will be all higher than the energy storage density of at present all ultracapacitors.But the actual Graphene electrodes material preparing is due to reasons such as reunions, and capacity is on the low side, and in water system, capacity is 135F/g, organic system capacity 99F/g, Distance Theory capacity (550F/g) differs far away.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of conductivity, capacitance is high and energy storage density is higher nitrogen-doped graphene composite material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, comprises the steps:
First-selection, is placed in graphite oxide the reactor of inert atmosphere;
Subsequently, at 800 ~ 1000 DEG C, graphite oxide is carried out to heat treated,
Then, then pass into ammonia and steam in reactor, carry out reduction reaction, after reacting completely, drop to room temperature, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material; Wherein, the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 0.5 ~ 2.
Preferably, described nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, wherein, when described heat treated, heating-up temperature is to be warming up to 800 ~ 1000 DEG C with the programming rate of 5 ~ 15 DEG C/min.
Preferably, described nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, wherein, when described reduction reaction, first passes into nitrogen 30 ~ 60min, then passes into steam 30 ~ 60min; Or first pass into steam 30 ~ 60min, then pass into nitrogen 30 ~ 60min; Or pass into nitrogen and steam 30 ~ 120min simultaneously.
Preferably, described nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, wherein, described inert atmosphere comprises the inert atmosphere that nitrogen, argon gas and nitrogen and argon gas gaseous mixture form.
The present invention also provides a kind of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, and this nitrogen-doped graphene composite material by adopting is above-mentioned preparation method make.
The present invention also provides a kind of electrode slice, comprises collector, and is coated in the active material of described collection liquid surface; This active material comprises the above-mentioned nitrogen-doped graphene composite material making, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor; The mass ratio of described nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor is 88:10:2.
The present invention also provides a kind of ultracapacitor, and its electrode adopts above-mentioned electrode slice.
The preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material provided by the invention, steam can be good at activating Graphene, and the specific area of the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material obtaining is 1000 ~ 2000m
2/ g, and the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of high-specific surface area can have been given play to higher capacity; Adopt ammonia to react with graphite oxide, the condition ammonia of high temperature can react with Graphene, makes Graphene generate nitrogen-doped graphene; At the temperature of 800 ~ 1000 DEG C, reduction can be that surface oxygen functional group on Graphene reduces fully, residual less functional group on Graphene.In hot environment under the protection of inert gas, there are three kinds of reactions, 1, graphite oxide is reduced to Graphene simultaneously; 2, steam activation Graphene, forms high-specific surface area; 3, ammonia high temperature adulterates to Graphene, obtains nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, and three reactions realize and settling at one go, have simplified operating procedure, greatly reduce production cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's flow chart of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, its processing step is as follows:
S1, graphite oxide is put into reactor, in the preferred Muffle furnace of the present invention, then in Muffle furnace, pass into 30 ~ 60 minutes inert gases, as nitrogen, argon gas or nitrogen and argon gas gaseous mixture, to discharge the air in Muffle furnace, make formation inert atmosphere in Muffle furnace;
S2, be warming up to 800 ~ 1000 DEG C with the programming rate of 5 ~ 15 DEG C/min, graphite oxide is added to processing;
S3, stop passing into inert gas, then in Muffle furnace, pass into ammonia and steam, carry out reduction reaction, after reacting completely, stop passing into nitrogen and steam, more then pass into inert gas, and drop to room temperature in the protection of inert gas, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material; Wherein, the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 0.5 ~ 2.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, when reduction reaction, passing into of nitrogen and steam can adopt following several mode to carry out:
1, first lead to ammonia gas react 30 ~ 60min, then water flowing vapor reaction 30 ~ 60min;
2, first water flowing vapor reaction 30 ~ 60min, more logical ammonia gas react 30 ~ 60min;
3, pass into ammonia and the steam one 30 ~ 120min that reacts simultaneously.
The preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material provided by the invention, steam can be good at activating Graphene, and the specific area of the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material obtaining is 1000 ~ 2000m
2/ g, and the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of high-specific surface area can have been given play to higher capacity; Adopt ammonia to react with graphite oxide, the condition ammonia of high temperature can react with Graphene, makes Graphene generate nitrogen-doped graphene; At the temperature of 800 ~ 1000 DEG C, reduction can be that surface oxygen functional group on Graphene reduces fully, residual less functional group on Graphene.In hot environment under the protection of inert gas, there are three kinds of reactions, 1, graphite oxide is reduced to Graphene simultaneously; 2, steam activation Graphene, forms high-specific surface area; 3, ammonia high temperature adulterates to Graphene, obtains nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, and three reactions realize and settling at one go, have simplified operating procedure, greatly reduce production cost.
Below the manufacture method of ultracapacitor:
1, prepare electrode slice
First, the ratio that is 88:10:2 according to mass ratio, selects the above-mentioned nitrogen-doped graphene composite material making, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor to mix, and obtains gel slurry;
Secondly, by gel slurry be coated in collector (as, aluminium foil, nickel foil, nickel screen, Copper Foil, preferably aluminium foil) upper, drying, roll film, trimming processing, make electrode slice.
2, prepare ultracapacitor
Select two of the above-mentioned electrode slices making, respectively as positive plate and negative plate; Order stack of laminations according to positive plate, barrier film, negative plate is dressed up battery core, then uses battery housing seal battery core, injects electrolyte subsequently by the liquid injection port being arranged on battery container in battery container, and sealing liquid injection port, obtains ultracapacitor;
Wherein, electrolyte adopts BMIMBF
4, EMIMTFSI plasma liquid, also can adopt conventional electrolyte TEABF
4/ AN.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1 ~ 4th, the preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material.
Embodiment 1
1, graphite oxide is put into reactor, in the preferred Muffle furnace of the present invention, then in Muffle furnace, pass into 30 minutes nitrogen, to discharge the air in Muffle furnace, make formation inert atmosphere in Muffle furnace;
2, be warming up to 800 DEG C with the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, graphite oxide is added to processing;
3, stop passing into nitrogen and then in Muffle furnace, pass into ammonia 30min; pass into again steam 60min (wherein subsequently; the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 0.5); carry out reduction reaction; after reacting completely, stop passing into nitrogen and steam, more then pass into nitrogen; and drop to room temperature in the protection of nitrogen, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material.
Embodiment 2
1, graphite oxide is put into reactor, in the preferred Muffle furnace of the present invention, then in Muffle furnace, pass into 60 minutes argon gas, to discharge the air in Muffle furnace, make formation inert atmosphere in Muffle furnace;
2, be warming up to 1000 DEG C with the programming rate of 15 DEG C/min, graphite oxide is added to processing;
3, stop passing into argon gas and then in Muffle furnace, pass into steam 30min; pass into again ammonia 60min (wherein subsequently; the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 1); carry out reduction reaction; after reacting completely, stop passing into nitrogen and steam, more then pass into argon gas; and drop to room temperature in the protection of nitrogen, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material.
Embodiment 3
1, graphite oxide is put into reactor, in the preferred Muffle furnace of the present invention, then to passing into 40 minutes nitrogen and argon gas mist in Muffle furnace, to discharge the air in Muffle furnace, make to form in Muffle furnace inert atmosphere;
2, be warming up to 900 DEG C with the programming rate of 10 DEG C/min, graphite oxide is added to processing;
3, stop passing into nitrogen and argon gas mist; then in Muffle furnace, first pass into steam 30min; pass into again ammonia 30min (wherein subsequently; the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 1.5), carry out reduction reaction, after reacting completely; stop passing into nitrogen and steam; then pass into again nitrogen and argon gas mist, and drop to room temperature in the protection of nitrogen and argon gas mist, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material.
Embodiment 4
1, graphite oxide is put into reactor, in the preferred Muffle furnace of the present invention, then in Muffle furnace, pass into 50 minutes nitrogen, to discharge the air in Muffle furnace, make formation inert atmosphere in Muffle furnace;
2, be warming up to 950 DEG C with the programming rate of 8 DEG C/min, graphite oxide is added to processing;
3, stop passing into nitrogen; then toward pass into ammonia and steam 30min in Muffle furnace (wherein simultaneously; the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 2); carry out reduction reaction; after reacting completely, stop passing into nitrogen and steam, more then pass into nitrogen; and drop to room temperature in the protection of nitrogen, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material.
The nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of embodiment 1 ~ 4 preparation is tested to the specific area obtaining by BET as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
The specific area m of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material 2/g | 1202 | 1612 | 2043 | 1812 |
Graphene specific area prepared by conventional thermal reduction method is ~ 900m
2/ g, as shown in Table 1, the present invention obtains nitrogen-doped graphene composite material specific area and has substantially exceeded conventional method.
The conductivity value that the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of embodiment 1 ~ 4 preparation is obtained by four point probe tester is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
The conductivity s/m of nitrogen-doped graphene composite material | 1300 | 1500 | 2000 | 1900 |
Graphene conductivity 100S/m prepared by conventional thermal reduction method; As shown in Table 2, the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material that prepared by the present invention has obtained higher conductivity.
Embodiment 5 ~ 8th, the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of preparing using embodiment 1 ~ 4 is respectively as the application of the active material of super capacitor electrode slice.
Embodiment 5
1, prepare super capacitor electrode slice
First, select nitrogen-doped graphene composite material prepared by embodiment 1 active material as electrode slice;
Secondly, the ratio that is 88:10:2 according to mass ratio, nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor are mixed, obtain slurry;
Finally, slurry is coated on aluminium foil, drying, roll film, trimming processing, make the pole piece of ultracapacitor.
2, the assembling of ultracapacitor
Get above-mentioned two plate electrode sheets, respectively as positive, negative electrode plate, order stack of laminations according to pole piece, barrier film, negative plate is dressed up battery core, use again battery housing seal battery core, in battery container, inject BMIMBF4 il electrolyte by the liquid injection port being arranged on battery container subsequently, sealing liquid injection port, obtains ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 6
1, prepare super capacitor electrode slice
First, select nitrogen-doped graphene composite material prepared by embodiment 2 active material as electrode slice;
Secondly, the ratio that is 88:10:2 according to mass ratio, nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor are mixed, obtain slurry;
Finally, slurry is coated on aluminium foil, drying, roll film, trimming processing, make the pole piece of ultracapacitor.
2, the assembling of ultracapacitor
Get above-mentioned two plate electrode sheets, respectively as positive, negative electrode plate, order stack of laminations according to pole piece, barrier film, negative plate is dressed up battery core, use again battery housing seal battery core, in battery container, inject EMIMTFSI il electrolyte by the liquid injection port being arranged on battery container subsequently, sealing liquid injection port, obtains ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 7
1, prepare super capacitor electrode slice
First, select nitrogen-doped graphene composite material prepared by embodiment 3 active material as electrode slice;
Secondly, the ratio that is 88:10:2 according to mass ratio, nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor are mixed, obtain slurry;
Finally, slurry is coated on aluminium foil, drying, roll film, trimming processing, make the pole piece of ultracapacitor.
2, the assembling of ultracapacitor
Get above-mentioned two plate electrode sheets, respectively as positive, negative electrode plate, dress up battery core according to the order stack of laminations of pole piece, barrier film, negative plate, then use battery housing seal battery core, in battery container, inject TEABF by the liquid injection port being arranged on battery container subsequently
4/ AN electrolyte, sealing liquid injection port, obtains ultracapacitor.
Embodiment 8
1, prepare super capacitor electrode slice
First, select nitrogen-doped graphene composite material prepared by embodiment 4 active material as electrode slice;
Secondly, the ratio that is 88:10:2 according to mass ratio, nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor are mixed, obtain slurry;
Finally, slurry is coated on aluminium foil, drying, roll film, trimming processing, make the pole piece of ultracapacitor.
2, the assembling of ultracapacitor
Get above-mentioned two plate electrode sheets, respectively as positive, negative electrode plate, dress up battery core according to the order stack of laminations of pole piece, barrier film, negative plate, then use battery housing seal battery core, in battery container, inject TEABF by the liquid injection port being arranged on battery container subsequently
4/ AN electrolyte, sealing liquid injection port, obtains ultracapacitor.
The charge-discharge test result that embodiment 5 ~ 8 is made to ultracapacitor is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
Embodiment | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Specific capacity F/g | 222 | 213 | 229 | 224 |
Nitrogen-doped graphene composite material capacity prepared by thermal reduction method is at 100F/g, and the nitrogen-doped graphene composite material capacity activating with KOH is separately in 150F/g left and right; As shown in Table 3, nitrogen-doped graphene composite material capacity prepared by the present invention exceedes 200F/g, and capacity has had large increase.
Should be understood that, the above-mentioned statement for preferred embodiment of the present invention is comparatively detailed, can not therefore think the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (9)
1. a nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
First-selection, is placed in graphite oxide the reactor of inert atmosphere;
Subsequently, at 800 ~ 1000 DEG C, graphite oxide is carried out to heat treated,
Then, then pass into ammonia and steam in reactor, carry out reduction reaction, after reacting completely, drop to room temperature, obtain nitrogen-doped graphene composite material; Wherein, the volume ratio of ammonia and steam is 0.5 ~ 2.
2. nitrogen-doped graphene composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described heat treated, heating-up temperature is to be warming up to 800 ~ 1000 DEG C with the programming rate of 5 ~ 15 DEG C/min.
3. nitrogen-doped graphene composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described reduction reaction, first passes into nitrogen 30 ~ 60min, then passes into steam 30 ~ 60min.
4. nitrogen-doped graphene composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described reduction reaction, first passes into steam 30 ~ 60min, then passes into nitrogen 30 ~ 60min.
5. nitrogen-doped graphene composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described reduction reaction, passes into nitrogen and steam simultaneously.
6. according to the arbitrary described nitrogen-doped graphene composite material of claim 1 ~ 5, it is characterized in that, described inert atmosphere comprises the inert atmosphere that nitrogen, argon gas and nitrogen and argon gas gaseous mixture form.
7. a nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, is characterized in that, this nitrogen-doped graphene composite material by adopting claim 1 ~ 6 is arbitrary described preparation method make.
8. an electrode slice, comprises collector, and is coated in the active material of described collection liquid surface; It is characterized in that, described active material comprises nitrogen-doped graphene composite material claimed in claim 7, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor; The mass ratio of described nitrogen-doped graphene composite material, Kynoar binding agent and acetylene black conductor is 88:10:2.
9. a ultracapacitor, is characterized in that, comprises electrode slice claimed in claim 8.
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CN106992301A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-28 | 广州图正能源科技有限公司 | A kind of nitrogen-doped graphene conductive agent and preparation method thereof, the lithium ion battery comprising the conductive agent |
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CN109346338A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-15 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of fast room-temperature preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene |
CN110104647A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-09 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of preparation method and applications of biomass-based nitrating micro-pore carbon material |
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Application publication date: 20140604 |