CN103837015A - Spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopting nonmetal heat exchange tubes - Google Patents
Spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopting nonmetal heat exchange tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103837015A CN103837015A CN201210485200.1A CN201210485200A CN103837015A CN 103837015 A CN103837015 A CN 103837015A CN 201210485200 A CN201210485200 A CN 201210485200A CN 103837015 A CN103837015 A CN 103837015A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of shell-and-tube heat exchange, and discloses a spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopting nonmetal heat exchange tubes. The heat exchanger comprises a shell, a sprayer, the heat exchange tubes arranged in parallel in the shell, a supporting plate for supporting the heat exchange tubes and a tube plate connected with the heat exchange tubes, wherein the heat exchange tubes are made of nonmetal material with the heat conductivity coefficient of 0.5 W/m*K-10 W/m*K, and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes is 5 mm-15mm. The corrosion prevention problem of heat exchange tubes in low-temperature multi-effect distillation sea water desalting equipment and a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator can be solved, and the spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger has the advantages of being low in heat transfer temperature difference and cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipe shell type heat exchange field, particularly a kind of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger that adopts novel metalloid material heat exchanger tube.
Background technology
Fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger is widely used in distillation sea water desalting technology and lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine and lithium bromide heat pump.The feature of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger is that a series of horizontal tube sprinkling falling-film evaporator is together in series, with the input of a certain amount of steam by evaporation and condensation process repeatedly, the evaporation temperature difference of each effect is the smaller the better, the evaporating temperature of an effect next is a little less than one imitating above, thereby whole desalination process obtains being multiple times than the distilled water of input quantity of steam.
Spray-type heat exchanger has that heat-transfer effect is good, heat transfer temperature difference is low, is convenient to the advantages such as maintenance and cleaning, but due to the heat exchanger tube of the equal choice for use brass alloys of most system (70% bronze medal, 29% zinc and 1% tin) material manufacture, thereby be applied in low temperature multiple-effect distillation sea water desalting equipment and temperature higher than the corrosion that is easy to suffer seawater or lithium-bromide solution in the lithium bromide refrigerator of 165 degrees Celsius or lithium bromide heat pump, cause perforation and cause system failure.Therefore, the Anticorrosion of heat exchanger tube becomes the restraining factors that this technology further improves and is used widely.The method generally adopting is at present in copper alloy, to add the micro-element such as boron, nickel, to put forward heavy alloyed corrosion resisting property; What is more, in existing multiple-effect evaporation heat exchanger, for anticorrosive, conventionally uses Titanium pipe on the top of close spray nozzle, and this has further increased again the cost of system.And these methods can only slow down the process of corrosion of piping, cannot fundamentally solve anticorrosive problem.Meanwhile, adopting Cu alloy material is the expensive of material as another defect of heat exchanger tube, and the expensive low temperature multiple-effect distillation seawater desalination system and lithium bromide refrigerator and lithium bromide heat pump of having restricted of system applied more widely.Recently, the heat-exchange system of part producer is used aluminium-alloy pipe instead, but the complex process of the multiple special measure such as anodic oxidation protection tubing, and corrosion resistance only has a small amount of raising, still can not meet corrosion-resistant requirement.On the other hand, although there are many materials can meet the requirement that prevents seawater corrosion, but because the thermal conductivity factor of these materials all only has 5W/mK or lower, according to the Design and manufacture method of current spray-type heat exchanger, its heat transfer temperature difference is all too high, cannot realize the heat exchange of Low Temperature Difference, the more low better characteristic of heat transfer temperature difference requiring with fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger contradicts.
Therefore, this area urgently needs invention novel spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger, makes it can be corrosion-resistant, can keep again lower heat transfer temperature difference, can also reduce costs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger that adopts nonmetallic heat exchange pipe, can solve the etching problem of current fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, possess that heat transfer temperature difference is low, low cost and other advantages simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger that adopts nonmetallic heat exchange pipe.This heat exchanger comprises: comprising: housing, spray thrower, the parallel heat exchanger tube in housing, the gripper shoe and the tube sheet that is connected heat exchanger tube of support heat exchanger tube of being placed in, wherein, the nonmetallic materials that described heat exchanger tube is 0.5W/mK ~ 10W/mK by thermal conductivity factor are made, and described heat exchanger tube external diameter is 5 ~ 15mm.
Preferably, described heat exchanger tube is U-shaped, is arranged in abreast in housing, and its openend and tube sheet are tightly connected, and bending section supports by gripper shoe.
Preferably, the nonmetallic materials that described heat exchanger tube is 1W/mK ~ 5W/mK by thermal conductivity factor are made, and heat exchanger tube external diameter is 7 ~ 12mm.
Preferably, the length of described heat exchanger tube is 2 ~ 11m, and wall thickness is 0.5 ~ 2mm.
Preferably, described heat exchanger tube is made up of macromolecule polymeric material.
Preferably, the tube sheet of described heat exchanger is made up of macromolecule polymeric material.
Preferably, described macromolecule polymeric material is graphite modified polypropylene, comprises 65%-85% polypropylene and 10% ~ 30% graphite.
Preferably, described graphite modified polypropylene heat exchanger tube thermal conductivity factor is 2 ~ 4W/m/K, and external diameter is 7 ~ 12mm, wall thickness 0.5 ~ 2mm, and length is 7 ~ 11m.
Preferably, described graphite modified polypropylene pipe is by epoxy resin and the cementing encapsulation of tube sheet.
Preferably, described heat exchanger tube adopts high boron glass to make.
Preferably, described high boron glass heat exchanger tube is hermetically sealed by glass cement and tube sheet.
Embodiment of the present invention compared with prior art, the main distinction is: used organic polymer or inorganic high boron glass material that antiseptic property is good, significantly reducing heat exchanger tube diameter and suitably increasing under the condition of heat exchange area, can in fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, realize enough low heat transfer temperature difference, to meet the heat exchange requirement of low temperature multiple-effect distillation sea water desalting equipment and lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine or lithium bromide heat pump; Simultaneously, because the material cost of organic polymer or inorganic high boron glass is more much lower than copper alloy, thereby the present invention can significantly reduce the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalinization equipment of application fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger or the cost of lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine or lithium bromide heat pump.
Concrete, novel spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopts the heat exchanger tube of nonmetallic materials, and the main component of nonmetallic materials is polypropylene and graphite, there is good decay resistance, for various inorganic compounds, no matter acid, alkali, salting liquid, until 120 ℃ all to it without destruction.Meanwhile, this density of material is little lightweight, less scaling, does not pollute heat transferring medium, and manufacture and the installation and maintenance of equipment are more convenient; Because the cost of composite is lower, even if heat exchange area increases to some extent, still can significantly reduce the equipment manufacturing cost of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Similarly, can also adopt high boron glass as the heat exchange tube material in fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, there is good decay resistance, for various inorganic compounds, no matter acid, alkali, salting liquid, until 200 ℃ all to it without destruction.Meanwhile, this density of material is little lightweight, less scaling, does not pollute heat transferring medium, and manufacture and the installation and maintenance of equipment are more convenient; Because the cost of high boron glass material is low, even if heat exchange area increases to some extent, still can significantly reduce the equipment manufacturing cost of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that adopts an embodiment of the fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger of nonmetallic heat exchange pipe in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that adopts another embodiment of the fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger of nonmetallic heat exchange pipe in the present invention.
Wherein, the 101st, shower and spray nozzle, the 102nd, the entrance of spray liquid, the 103rd, the steam (vapor) outlet of spray shell, the 104th, the housing of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the 105th, the tube sheet of heat exchanger, the 106th, nonmetallic materials heat exchanger tube, the 107th, the gripper shoe of heat exchanger tube, the 108th, the outlet of liquid, the 109th, the end socket of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the 110th, the entrance of steam, the 111st, the outlet of coagulating liq in pipe.
The specific embodiment
In the following description, in order to make reader understand the application better, many ins and outs have been proposed.But, persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that even without these ins and outs and the many variations based on following embodiment and modification, also can realize the each claim of the application technical scheme required for protection.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the nonmetal fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention, this heat exchanger comprises: housing 104, spray thrower 101, the parallel many heat exchanger tubes 106 in housing, the gripper shoe 107 and the tube sheet 105 that is connected heat exchanger tube of support heat exchanger tube 106 of being placed in, wherein, the nonmetallic materials that heat exchanger tube 106 is 0.5W/mK ~ 10W/mK by thermal conductivity factor are made, and heat exchanger tube 106 external diameters are 5 ~ 15mm.
Particularly, this heat exchanger comprises the end socket 109 at housing 104 and two ends, the many heat exchanger tubes that be arranged in parallel 106 that are positioned at housing 104, source steam is inputted heat exchanger tube from steam inlet 110, through fountain Falling film heat transfer in pipe condensation and after condensing from exporting 111 outputs.This heat exchanger tube is made up of 70% polypropylene and 25% graphite, be supported in housing 104 by gripper shoe 107, the two ends of heat exchanger tube 106 are cementing with two tube sheets 105 respectively, also can one section of bellows be set between heat exchanger tube 106 and tube sheet 105, glue can adopt epoxy resin or other jointing materials.Heat exchanger tube 106 tops are provided with spray thrower 101, spray liquid is inputted by spray liquid inlet 102, partially liq generates the steam of temperature a little less than source vapor (steam) temperature after falling film evaporation heat exchange, exports from the steam (vapor) outlet 103 of spray shell, and unevaporated liquid is discharged from liquid outlet 108.In this embodiment, the pipe external diameter of heat exchanger tube is 10mm, and wall thickness is that 1mm length is 8m.
Should be noted that, the heat exchange tube diameter that the fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger of current most low-temperature multi-effect vapo(u)rization systems uses is all in 20 to 25 millimeter, material therefor is all the good metal that thermal conductivity is very high, such as copper alloy, titanium alloy and aluminium alloy, its thermal conductivity factor is all in 80 to 100W/mK left and right, so just can make the Average heat transfer temperature difference in spray-type heat exchanger enough low, meet the requirement of low-temperature multi-effect heat exchange.Although there are many materials can both meet above-mentioned etch-proof requirement, but because the thermal conductivity factor of these materials all only has 5W/mK or lower, Design and manufacture method according to current traditional spray-type heat exchanger is carried out analog computation, its heat transfer temperature difference is all too high, can not meet enough low requirements of heat transfer temperature difference.
Table 1 is listed the heat transfer temperature difference comparison of some nonmetallic materials as heat exchanger tube, and wherein, heat exchange tube diameter is 25 millimeters that generally adopt at present, 2 millimeters of thicknesss of pipe wall, and heat exchange power is 1415kW, heat exchange area is 142.5 square metres.Obviously, nonmetallic materials can not be used as heat exchanger tube, because heat transfer temperature difference is up to even twenties degree of tens degree.
Table 1 metal and nonmetallic materials are as the heat transfer temperature difference comparison of heat exchanger tube
In order to overcome the weakness that nonmetallic materials thermal conductivity factor is low, the present invention reduces the caliber of heat exchanger tube, for example be reduced to 5 to 15 millimeters of calibers from 20 to 25 millimeters of calibers that generally adopt at present, high molecular polymer by nonmetallic materials is made, evenly many row's storied placements are in fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, as shown in Figure 1.This high molecular polymer can be graphite modified polypropylene, and polypropylene content is that 70% content of graphite is 25%, and the density of this kind of material is 1100kg/m
3, thermal conductivity factor is 2 ~ 4W/m/K.
Table 2 is listed pluses and minuses and the cost compare of several various heat exchange tube materials.As seen from the figure, nonmetallic materials pipe compared with metal material pipe, have corrosion-resistant, density is low, low cost and other advantages, but also has the poor shortcoming of heat conductivility simultaneously.But, by design of the present invention, can effectively overcome the poor shortcoming of nonmetallic materials pipe heat conductivility, in can realizing low heat transfer temperature difference, can also solve Anticorrosion Problems.
Table 2 metal and nonmetallic materials are as pluses and minuses and the cost compare of heat exchanger tube
As shown in table 3 below, be the example design of a new-type fountain shell heat-exchanger rig, wherein, the heat exchange power of this heat exchanger is 1415 kilowatts, and after heat exchange, the steam producing is 2.5 degree with the temperature difference of input steam, and heat exchange caliber is 10 millimeters.While adopting different materials, heat exchange area changes to some extent, and pipe radical amount used also changes to some extent, but after comprehensive consideration, the material of relatively optimizing should be above-mentioned composite or high boron glass.
The design parameter of table 3 fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, the difference of this embodiment and above-described embodiment is: the heat exchanger tube 106 of fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger is for U-shaped, many U-shaped heat exchanger tubes 106 are arranged in housing 104 abreast, the openend of heat exchanger tube 106 and tube sheet 106 seal fixing by epoxide-resin glue, the horizontal direction of the heat exchanger tube other end can move, and vertical direction supports by gripper shoe 107.
The present invention adopts nonmetallic materials that thermal conductivity factor the is lower heat exchange tube material as fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in order to overcome the weakness that nonmetallic materials thermal conductivity factor is lower, by reducing the caliber of heat exchanger tube, has improved the heat transfer problem of nonmetallic heat exchange pipe.Heat exchange tube diameter, wall thickness, length and the radical designed according to different thermal conductivity factor materials, can realize the functions such as high corrosion resistance, less scaling, pollution medium, manufacture installation and maintenance do not facilitate, cost is lower.
Although pass through with reference to some of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention is illustrated and described, but those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that and can do various changes to it in the form and details, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprise: housing, spray thrower, the parallel heat exchanger tube in housing, the gripper shoe and the tube sheet that is connected heat exchanger tube of support heat exchanger tube of being placed in, it is characterized in that, the nonmetallic materials that described heat exchanger tube is 0.5W/mK ~ 10W/mK by thermal conductivity factor are made, and described heat exchanger tube external diameter is 5 ~ 15mm.
2. heat exchanger according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat exchanger tube is U-shaped, is arranged in abreast in housing, and its openend and tube sheet are tightly connected, and bending section supports by gripper shoe.
3. heat exchanger according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the nonmetallic materials that described heat exchanger tube is 1W/mK ~ 5W/mK by thermal conductivity factor are made, and heat exchanger tube external diameter is 7 ~ 12mm.
4. heat exchanger according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the length of described heat exchanger tube is 2 ~ 11m, and wall thickness is 0.5 ~ 2mm.
5. according to the heat exchanger described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described heat exchanger tube is made up of macromolecule polymeric material, or the heat exchanger tube of described heat exchanger and tube sheet are made up of macromolecule polymeric material.
6. heat exchanger according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described macromolecule polymeric material is graphite modified polypropylene, comprises 65%-85% polypropylene and 10% ~ 30% graphite.
7. heat exchanger according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the thermal conductivity factor of graphite modified polypropylene heat exchanger tube is 2 ~ 4W/m/K, and external diameter is 7 ~ 12mm, wall thickness 0.5 ~ 2mm, and length is 7 ~ 11m.
8. heat exchanger according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described graphite modified polypropylene heat exchanger tube is by epoxy resin and the cementing encapsulation of tube sheet.
9. according to the heat exchanger described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described heat exchanger tube adopts high boron glass to make.
10. heat exchanger according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described heat exchanger tube is hermetically sealed by glass cement and tube sheet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210485200.1A CN103837015A (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopting nonmetal heat exchange tubes |
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| CN201210485200.1A CN103837015A (en) | 2012-11-23 | 2012-11-23 | Spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopting nonmetal heat exchange tubes |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104101229A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-15 | 江苏五晟机械制造有限公司 | Condenser |
| CN105674783A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-15 | 武汉工程大学 | Jet type LNG vaporization system utilizing geothermal energy |
| CN105698429A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Spraying type magnetic refrigeration equipment |
| CN105973058A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 太仓市顺邦防腐设备有限公司 | Polypropylene modified graphite tube |
| CN108562082A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-09-21 | 临沂智慧新能源科技有限公司 | The cold and hot energy-storage system of Split type air source heat pump and its refrigeration, supply control method for heat |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104101229A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-15 | 江苏五晟机械制造有限公司 | Condenser |
| CN105698429A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Spraying type magnetic refrigeration equipment |
| CN105674783A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-15 | 武汉工程大学 | Jet type LNG vaporization system utilizing geothermal energy |
| CN105674783B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-10-10 | 武汉工程大学 | Utilize the jet-propelled LNG vaporization system of geothermal energy |
| CN105973058A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-28 | 太仓市顺邦防腐设备有限公司 | Polypropylene modified graphite tube |
| CN108562082A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-09-21 | 临沂智慧新能源科技有限公司 | The cold and hot energy-storage system of Split type air source heat pump and its refrigeration, supply control method for heat |
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Application publication date: 20140604 |