CN103834966A - Electrolytic tank calcination method using aluminum skimming and aluminum powder - Google Patents
Electrolytic tank calcination method using aluminum skimming and aluminum powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN103834966A CN103834966A CN201310615137.3A CN201310615137A CN103834966A CN 103834966 A CN103834966 A CN 103834966A CN 201310615137 A CN201310615137 A CN 201310615137A CN 103834966 A CN103834966 A CN 103834966A
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrolytic tank calcination method using aluminum skimming and aluminum powder. The electrolytic tank calcination method using aluminum skimming and aluminum powder comprises loading and electric calcination and concretely comprises the following steps of cleaning the surface of a cathode carbon block, paving an aluminum skimming and aluminum powder heating dielectric layer on the surface of the cathode carbon block, installing an anode carbon block, adding cryolite and calcium fluoride into middle and side gaps of the anode carbon block and a gap between the anode carbon blocks, paving aluminum plates on the middle gap top and side gap top of the anode carbon block and the top of anode gaps, paving dielectric layers on the aluminum plates, carrying out energization until an electrolytic tank calcination temperature is in a range of 900-950 DEG C and starting the electrolytic tank. The electrolytic tank calcination method using aluminum skimming and aluminum powder fully utilizes spontaneous combustion characteristics of aluminum skimming and aluminum powder at a temperature of 550 DEG C to calcine the electrolytic tank, reduces calcination electricity consumption, has obvious energy-saving effects, keeps uniform anode electroconductibility, realizes calcination in four days, realizes smooth starting of the electrolytic tank in clean calcination and 12V low-voltage environment, greatly prolongs an electrolytic tank service life, does not produce carbon residues, effectively reduces worker labor intensity, is free of maintenance on the electrolytic tank in calcination and is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of calcination method, especially a kind of method of electrolyzer being carried out to roasting preheating, belongs to electrolysis tech field.
Technical background
At present, Aluminium Electrolysis link has: roasting aluminum electrolytic bath preheating, start, electrolysis production control etc., wherein the roasting preheating of aluminium cell is an important step in Aluminium Electrolysis process, it is by the mode of roasting, heat temperature raising, dry cathode lining of electrolytic bath and prebaked anode, make maturing temperature approach or reach normal production temperature, do like this and can solve following point: the first, prevent that moisture content in cathode inner lining and ash from high temperature discharging fast and cause leak or crackle; The second, can improve negative electrode and temperature of anode, prevent that negative electrode working face from producing after thermal stresses compared with the large temperature difference because existing, cathode blocks causes damage; The 3rd, make the end between cathode carbon pieces stick with paste and stick with paste sintering coking around, make it to form an entirety with bonding cathode carbon pieces and side wall carbon block; The 4th, create good working conditions for starting aluminium cell.Therefore, the quality of roasting preheating effect will directly have influence on the startup effect of aluminium cell, not only affects production run stability and the productive capacity of electrolyzer, and have influence on to a great extent the work-ing life of electrolyzer and start effect.
Electrolyzer at present conventional roasting preheating method has: molten aluminum roasting method, baking coke particles method, gas baking, circumfluence calcination method.Because there is roasting time long (8 days) in molten aluminum roasting method wherein, and energy consumption is high, and thermal shocking is large, and collects a large amount of aluminium liquid at bottom of electrolytic tank, and aluminium liquid can leak along meeting under gap between negative electrode, thereby affects the work-ing life of electrolyzer, so eliminated both at home and abroad gradually; Gas roasting law technology is still in further improving; Baking coke particles method is a kind of roasting preheating method generally adopting at present, but exist, labour intensity is large, roasting effect is undesirable, a large amount of splitters need to be installed, in electrolyzer, there are a large amount of carbon slags simultaneously, after having started, need artificial removing, workload is large, also has part and clear up sordid carbon slag and be suspended in electrolyte solution in electrolyzer, increase electrolytic resistance, increase electrolyzer energy consumption etc.; Gas baking, need to install large number quipments, and workload is large, can cause anode electrolytic cell oxidation, and have major safety risks; Circumfluence calcination method is the roasting preheating method that current comprehensive utilization is made good use of, technology is comparatively ripe, and it comprises tankage step and electrical roasting step, calcination is warming up to and starts the temperature requiring.Wherein, in tankage step, first lay the burnt grain of one deck 15 ㎜ left and right on cathode carbon pieces surface, then fill anode carbon block on burnt grain, with iron plate, electrode seam, middle seam and limit portion are built afterwards, then at the certain thickness electrolyte powder in iron plate upper berth.Adopt this baking modes preheating, while starting electrolyzer, do heating resistor with burnt grain, burnt grain its resistance value in the time that temperature is lower is larger, reduce gradually with the temperature resistance value that constantly raises, need to the above splitter of at least 4 group be installed in initial start stage for this reason, not only labour intensity is large, cost is high, and when with coke grain calcination startup electrolyzer, ionogen contains a large amount of carbon slags, cause electrolytic resistance to increase, voltage higher (exceeding 12V) when startup, power consumption is high, and the salvaging of carbon slag needs repeated multiple times, time-consuming, this has increased again workman's labour intensity.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art above shortcomings, the invention provides a kind of electrolyzer aluminium bits, aluminium powder cleaning and roasting method.
The present invention completes by following technical proposal: a kind of electrolyzer aluminium bits, aluminium powder roasting method, comprise tankage and electrical roasting step, and it is characterized in that specifically passing through the following step:
The dirt settling on A, cleaning cathode carbon pieces surface, and cathode carbon pieces surface is blown to totally with high-pressure blast;
B, lay after heating medium layer on cathode carbon pieces surface, anode carbon block is installed, and the contacting of holding anode charcoal piece and the medium layer that generates heat;
C, in anode carbon block seam, side seam measures routinely and adds respectively sodium aluminum fluoride, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), between between anode carbon block and anode carbon block, meets interpolation sodium aluminum fluoride, adds thickness suitable with side seam;
D, in anode carbon block, stitch top, side seam top and aluminium sheet is laid at anode utmost point seam top, to utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out even roasting to whole cathode carbon pieces liner;
E, on aluminium sheet, lay dielectric substrate;
F, on anode rod, install and be flexible coupling;
When G, energising, control surge voltage in 4V, strengthen gradually current value to total current value and stop; Until calcination temperature reaches 900～950 ℃, start electric tank working.
The heating medium layer of described step B is aluminium bits, aluminium powder layer, and aluminium bits, aluminium powder layer thickness are 1～4cm, and aluminium bits, aluminum powder particle size are 1 × 10
-9～2 × 10
-2m, to utilize the characteristic of aluminium bits, aluminium powder spontaneous combustion at 550 ℃ of temperature, allows aluminium bits, aluminium powder spontaneous combustion generate heat and electrolyzer is carried out to roasting.
In described step B, when anode carbon block is installed, small box fastener is installed, and is made small box fastener keep releasing orientation.
The aluminium plate thickness of described step D is 0.5～1.5cm, and aluminium sheet shape is looked the void shape between the anode carbon block of sealing and specifically determined, and at electrolyzer aluminium inlet, venting hole is set, and for fume emission, regulating electrolytic tank inside and outside air pressure, improves roasting effect.
The dielectric substrate thickness of described step e is 1～4cm, preferably 2～3cm, and specifically thickness is determined depending on preventing air from entering roasting groove, electrolyte is the conventional electrolyte powder of high molecule ratio or the mixture of the electrolyte powder of lower molecular ratio and soda ash.
Being flexible coupling for the soft band of aluminum of jointed anode guide rod and horizontal bus of described step F, is flexible coupling and is played the effect of participating in conduction and fixed anode during roasting by this.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantages and effect: the present invention considers to be worth doing with aluminium, aluminium powder replaces burnt grain as heating medium, and make full use of aluminium bits, the ignition quality of aluminium powder at 550 ℃ of temperature, allow aluminium consider to be worth doing, aluminium powder spontaneous combustion is generated heat and electrolyzer is carried out to roasting, not only reduce roasting power consumption, energy-saving effect is remarkable, and during calcination, can conduct electricity evenly by holding anode, without carrying out manual maintenance, roasting time is short and abundant, within 4 days, roasting completes, roasting voltage is low, distribution of current is even, make the electrolyzer can be at cleaning and roasting, under 12V voltage low environment, safety and steady starts, significantly extend electrolyzer work-ing life, especially do not produce carbon slag, without artificial salvaging, effectively reduce labor strength, obviously improve roasting environment, realize electrolysis of aluminum cleaning and roasting truly, during roasting, needn't safeguard electrolyzer, safe and reliable.The roasting and starting of the suitable all electrolyzers of the present invention, not only maturing temperature is even, and capacity usage ratio is high, roasting effect is good, and power consumption is low, has improved operating environment, can also splitter need not be installed, significantly reduce labour intensity, to improving from now on calcination method, improve the energy and resource utilization, realize cleaner production, cleaning and roasting, will produce comparatively far-reaching influence, have wide popularizing application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electrolyzer tankage structural representation of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is electrolytic cell body, 2 for being installed on the cathode carbon pieces of cell body 1 bottom, 3 for being layed in the heating medium aluminium bits on cathode carbon pieces 2, aluminium powder layer, 4 is anode carbon block, 5 is the middle seam between anode carbon block 4, 6 for being laid on the sodium aluminum fluoride in middle seam 5, 7 is sidepiece cathode carbon pieces in cell body 1, 8 for being laid on the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) in side seam 9, 9 is the side seam between anode carbon block 4 and sidepiece cathode carbon pieces 7, 10 is resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet, 11 is electrolyte powder layer, 12 is anode rod, 13 is horizontal bus, 14 for connecting being flexible coupling of horizontal bus 13 and anode rod 12---the soft band of aluminum.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.
A kind of electrolyzer aluminium bits, aluminium powder cleaning and roasting method, comprise tankage, electrical roasting step, it is characterized in that specifically passing through the following step (as Fig. 1):
A, brush off with the dirt settling on iron brush handle cathode carbon pieces 2 surfaces, then with conventional high-pressure blast, cathode carbon pieces 2 surfaces are blown clean, keep cathode carbon pieces 2 surface clean, no-sundries;
B, the aluminium bits, the aluminium powder heating medium layer 3 that are 1cm at the surperficial laying depth of cathode carbon pieces 2, aluminium bits, aluminium powder particle diameter are 1 × 10
-8m, installs anode carbon block 4, and holding anode charcoal piece 4 and the contacting of medium layer 3 of generating heat;
C, in anode carbon block, stitch and in 6, insert sodium aluminum fluoride to full material, in side seam 9, insert Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 8, reserve headspace;
D, in anode carbon block, stitch the resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet 10 that 6 tops, side seam 9 top laying depths are 0.5mm, to utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out even roasting to whole cathode inner lining;
E, on resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet 10, lay the electrolyte powder layer 11 that 3cm is thick, this electrolyte powder is the conventional electrolyte powder of high molecule ratio and the mixture of soda ash;
F, between anode carbon block 4 guide rods 12 and horizontal bus 13 install be flexible coupling 14;
When G, electrical roasting, control surge voltage in 4V, strengthen gradually electric current, until total current; When the maturing temperature in electrolytic cell body 1 reaches 920 ℃, roasting time is 72h, starts electrolyzer and carries out conventional electrolysis production.
A kind of electrolyzer aluminium bits, aluminium powder cleaning and roasting method, comprise tankage, electrical roasting step, it is characterized in that specifically passing through the following step (as Fig. 1):
A, brush off with the dirt settling on iron brush handle cathode carbon pieces 2 surfaces, then with high-pressure blast, cathode carbon pieces surface 2 is blown clean, keep cathode carbon pieces 2 surface clean, no-sundries;
B, the aluminium bits, the aluminium powder heating medium layer 3 that are 4cm at the surperficial laying depth of cathode carbon pieces 2, aluminium bits, aluminium powder particle diameter are 2 × 10
-2m, installs anode carbon block 4, and holding anode charcoal piece 4 and the contacting of medium layer 3 of generating heat;
C, in anode carbon block, stitch and in 6, insert sodium aluminum fluoride to full material, in side seam 9, insert Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 8, reserve headspace;
D, in anode carbon block, stitch the resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet 10 that 6 tops, side seam 9 top laying depths are 1mm, to utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out even roasting to whole cathode inner lining;
E, on resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet 10, lay the electrolyte powder layer 11 that 4cm is thick, this electrolyte powder is the conventional electrolyte powder of high molecule ratio and the mixture of soda ash;
F, between anode carbon block 4 guide rods 12 and horizontal bus 13 install be flexible coupling 14;
When G, electrical roasting, control surge voltage in 4V, strengthen gradually electric current, until total current; When the maturing temperature in electrolytic cell body 1 reaches 900 ℃, roasting time is 96h, starts electrolyzer and carries out conventional electrolysis production.
A kind of electrolyzer aluminium bits, aluminium powder cleaning and roasting method, comprise tankage, electrical roasting step, it is characterized in that specifically passing through the following step (as Fig. 1):
A, brush off with the dirt settling on iron brush handle cathode carbon pieces 2 surfaces, then with high-pressure blast, cathode carbon pieces surface 2 is blown clean, keep cathode carbon pieces 2 surface clean, no-sundries;
B, the aluminium bits, the aluminium powder heating medium layer 3 that are 2cm at the surperficial laying depth of cathode carbon pieces 2, aluminium bits, aluminium powder particle diameter are 2 × 10
-2m, installs anode carbon block 4, and holding anode charcoal piece 4 and the contacting of medium layer 3 of generating heat;
C, in anode carbon block, stitch and in 6, insert sodium aluminum fluoride to full material, in side seam 9, insert Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 8, reserve headspace;
D, in anode carbon block, stitch the resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet 10 that 6 tops, side seam 9 top laying depths are 1.5mm, to utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out even roasting to whole cathode inner lining;
E, on resistant to elevated temperatures aluminium sheet 10, lay the electrolyte powder layer 11 that 2cm is thick, this electrolyte powder is the conventional electrolyte powder of high molecule ratio and the mixture of soda ash;
F, between anode carbon block 4 guide rods 12 and horizontal bus 13 install be flexible coupling 14;
When G, electrical roasting, control surge voltage in 4V, strengthen gradually electric current, until total current; When the maturing temperature in electrolytic cell body 1 reaches 950 ℃, roasting time is 120h, starts electrolyzer and carries out conventional electrolysis production.
Claims (4)
1. electrolyzer aluminium bits, an aluminium powder roasting method, comprise tankage and electrical roasting step, it is characterized in that specifically passing through the following step:
The dirt settling on A, cleaning cathode carbon pieces surface, and cathode carbon pieces surface is blown to totally with high-pressure blast;
B, lay after heating medium layer on cathode carbon pieces surface, anode carbon block is installed, and the contacting of holding anode charcoal piece and the medium layer that generates heat;
C, in anode carbon block seam, side seam measures routinely and adds respectively sodium aluminum fluoride, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), between between anode carbon block and anode carbon block, meets interpolation sodium aluminum fluoride, adds thickness suitable with side seam;
D, in anode carbon block, stitch top, side seam top and aluminium sheet is laid at anode utmost point seam top, to utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out even roasting to whole cathode carbon pieces liner;
E, on aluminium sheet, lay dielectric substrate;
F, on anode rod, install and be flexible coupling;
When G, energising, control surge voltage in 4V, strengthen gradually current value to total current value and stop; Until calcination temperature reaches 900～950 ℃, start electric tank working.
2. electrolyzer aluminium bits as claimed in claim 1, aluminium powder roasting method, the heating medium layer that it is characterized in that described step B is aluminium bits, aluminium powder layer, and aluminium bits, aluminium powder layer thickness are 1～4cm, and aluminium bits, aluminum powder particle size are 1 × 10
-9～2 × 10
-2m.
3. electrolyzer aluminium bits as claimed in claim 1, aluminium powder roasting method, the aluminium plate thickness that it is characterized in that described step D is 0.5～1.5cm.
4. electrolyzer aluminium bits as claimed in claim 1, aluminium powder roasting method, the dielectric substrate thickness that it is characterized in that described step e is 1～4cm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107858707A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-03-30 | 山西精之铝科技有限公司 | A kind of mold roasting method of aluminium frame anode |
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| CN107858707A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-03-30 | 山西精之铝科技有限公司 | A kind of mold roasting method of aluminium frame anode |
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Application publication date: 20140604 |