CN1038341C - Process for producing civil coal gas and semicoke by coal pyrolysis - Google Patents
Process for producing civil coal gas and semicoke by coal pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN1038341C CN1038341C CN 94114028 CN94114028A CN1038341C CN 1038341 C CN1038341 C CN 1038341C CN 94114028 CN94114028 CN 94114028 CN 94114028 A CN94114028 A CN 94114028A CN 1038341 C CN1038341 C CN 1038341C
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- gas
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- pyrolysis
- pyrolysis oven
- semicoke
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for producing city coal gas with a high heat value and semi coke by the heat decomposition coal containing high volatile component content. A gas making furnace idled in the existing medium and small ammonia synthesis plant is slightly modified into a heat decomposition furnace. Released gas in an ammonia synthesis work section, or heat decomposition coal gas generated by the heat decomposition of the present invention, or mixed gas of the released gas and the heat decomposition coal gas which is used as carrier gas is introduced into the heat decomposition furnace, and thus, coal is heatedly decomposed at high temperature in a hydrogen containing atmosphere. City coal gas can be directly produced, semi coke is produced through combined production, and thus, the requirements of fuel gas used by urban dwellers and gas making raw materials in an ammonia synthesis plant are met.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing coal gas than the coal or the carbon compound pyrolysis of high-volatile that contains, the method for high heating value town gas and semicoke is produced in particularly a kind of bituminous coal pyrolysis
Technical background of the present invention:
(1) crowd knows knownly, is the factory that raw material is produced town gas and coke with coal generally, as the coke-oven plant, can satisfy the combustion gas requirement of steel-making with burnt and big city resident simultaneously.But need huge investment to build huge coker, this just relatively is difficult to implement for the small and medium-sized cities of the wide geographic area that spreads all over the country.Therefore, the Appropriate technology that need seek a kind of economy realizes that small and medium-sized cities (comprising cities and towns) produce the approach of high heating value gas.
(2) the medium and small nitrogen fertilizer factory of many employing coal as raw material system synthetic ammonia, all adopt high-quality anthracite or coke to come gas making at present, this is because contain a large amount of volatiless in the general coal, if with production of synthetic gas in its in next life, then contain a large amount of methane and tar in the synthetic gas, can have a strong impact on the quality of synthetic gas, so can not directly use general coal, yet, wish urgently also the scientific worker provides solution how to utilize general coal to come the approach of gas making facing under the exhausted day by day severe situation of fat coal resource.
Purpose of the present invention is for adapting to the needs of above-mentioned industry, the method of a kind of pyrolysis of coal production city coal gas and semicoke has been proposed, it utilizes in the very abundant coal resource of China and the part the idle existing installation in small fertilizer plant directly to produce town gas and coproduction semicoke, can satisfy small and medium-sized cities (comprising cities and towns) resident's combustion gas requirement and medium and small nitrogen fertilizer factory simultaneously and produce the requirement that synthetic gas is used coal.
Design of the present invention is such:
In view of China vast small and medium-sized cities (town) lacks essential life town gas, and many medium and small nitrogen fertilizers factory needs cheap gas making coal, for this reason, the contriver is on the basis of a large amount of experiments, imagination is utilized idle Gas-making Furnace and the transformation a little of present medium and small nitrogen fertilizer factory, become the pyrolysis oven that is applicable to production city coal gas and semicoke, place stove with lumped coal or by the coal briquette that it is made, the heat that is produced by the cinder partial combustion on the fire grate makes the coal seam accumulation of heat at pyrolysis oven middle part be warming up to 900～1200 ℃, then with synthesizing section speed exit or pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis of the present invention produces or their gas mixture are done carrier gas and introduced in the pyrolysis oven, make the fugitive constituent pyrolysis in hydrogeneous atmosphere in the coal, vent one's spleen and make town gas and coproduction semicoke thereby make mixture heat off and on.Above-mentioned said coal measures refers to that a class contains the coal than high-volatile, and it can be bituminous coal, bottle coal, long-flame coal, weakly caking coal, brown coal and resinous shale etc.
The present invention also is achieved in that
The contriver proposes one and implements the technical scheme that high heating value gas is produced in small and medium-sized cities (town) pyrolysis of coal on the basis of big quantity research, and for medium and small nitrogen fertilizer factory provides cheap gas making raw material, its main contents are as follows simultaneously:
At first that medium and small nitrogen fertilizer factory is idle Gas-making Furnace is transformed a little, as transforming the fire grate and the slag discharging device of Gas-making Furnace, increases fire grate and discharges the ability of semicoke and adapt to resistant to elevated temperatures requirement, promptly becomes the said pyrolysis oven of the present invention.
The coal briquette made from coal or by it adds the stove off and on or continuously from the top of pyrolysis oven then, and operation periodically as follows:
1. when starting, light the coal on the fire grate earlier, bubbling air makes it fractional combustion, and the heat of generation is put aside among the coal seam, treat that coal seam, pyrolysis oven middle part is warming up to 900～1200 ℃ after, stop bubbling air.The flue gas that burning produces is discharged from the pyrolysis oven top, is incorporated into the power networks by dedusting, the blowing flue gas that removes tar and cooling back and synthesis ammonia plant gasification system again, enters waste heat boiler to reclaim heat.
2. behind the completing steps 1, feed rare gas element (flue gas or steam) immediately from bottom to up and purge the several seconds kind, the residual air of pyrolysis oven bottom is got rid of.
3. behind the completing steps 2, feed immediately from synthetic ammonia workshop section speed exit or pyrolysis coal gas that the present invention produces or their gas mixture, make coal seam high temperature pyrolysis in hydrogeneous atmosphere of accumulation of heat.The gas that pyrolysis produces (being called for short pyrolysis coal gas) is discharged from the pyrolysis oven top, after dedusting, removing tar and washing cooling and desulfurization, enters in the gas chamber, is the town gas of the said high heating value of the present invention; Coal after the pyrolysis becomes the said semicoke of the present invention, and it is sent into lower feed box continuously by the fire grate of pyrolysis oven bottom and intermittently discharges, and sends to the gas making workshop and replaces hard coal to make synthetic ammonia gas making raw material.When the temperature in the pyrolysis oven drops to 700～900 ℃, stop pyrolysis, feeding rare gas element (flue gas or steam) is restarted step 1, so again and again production city coal gas and semicoke after purging.
When being fine coal, then need make coal briquette as supplied materials.Because the difference of tackiness agent can be mud coal briquette, white clay coal briquette, a kind of in lime-carbonated coal balls or the tar coal briquette etc.
The town gas of pyrolysis gained has the methane content height, the advantage that carbon monoxide content is low, and its calorific value can reach 3500Kcal/NM
3More than, meet the specification of quality of the town gas of national regulation.
Pyrolysis gained semicoke or semicoke coal briquette have advantages such as physical strength height, volatile content are low, and wherein volatile content satisfies the requirement of synthesis ammonia plant gas making with coal fully less than 5% (wt%).
Further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but they do not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing is the process schematic representation of said a kind of pyrolysis of coal production city coal gas of the present invention and semicoke
Wherein:
1---pyrolysis oven
A---gas inlet has been set up valve on it.
B---inert gas entrance has been set up valve on it.
C---carrier gas inlet has been set up valve on it.
D---charging opening, coal briquette is entered in the pyrolysis oven 1 by D.
E---furnace roof flue gas or pyrolysis gas exit.
2---washer, its function are dedusting, remove tar and cooling.
3---water seal, its function are used to prevent that coal gas from flowing backwards.
4---electrostatic tar remover removes tar and makes it reach the town gas standard.
5---cooling scrubber makes coal gas further be cooled to room temperature.
6---desulfurizer, so that hydrogen sulfide content is reduced to the town gas requirement in the coal gas.
7---gas chamber.
8---gas blower.
Under situation about running well:
1. the trend of its solid materials is: the coal briquette that make lump coal or they is from the top feeding mouth of pyrolysis oven 1
D enters in the pyrolysis oven with gap or continuously, and the semicoke of generation or semicoke coal briquette are then by being arranged at
The fire grate of pyrolysis oven 1 bottom is discharged continuously, is intermittently driven out by discharge port F then, and delivers to and close
Ammonification gas making workshop section;
2. the operation steps of pyrolysis oven is carried out in the following order periodically:
(1) at first open valve on the gas inlet pipe, air is entered in the pyrolysis oven 1 by the bottom by inlet A, makes the part coal combustion, the abundant accumulation of heat in coal seam in the middle of the heat of generation makes, and after temperature in the stove rises to 9001200 ℃, the closing air inlet openings valve.The flue gas that burning produces is up by behind the superjacent absorbing and cooling temperature, discharge by pyrolysis oven top exit E, be incorporated into the power networks by washer 2, water seal 3 and electrostatic tar remover 4 backs blowing flue gas then, enter waste heat boiler to reclaim heat with the synthesis ammonia plant gasification system.
(2) behind the completing steps (1), start the inert gas entrance valve, make rare gas element (flue gas or steam) enter 1 bottom purge several seconds of pyrolysis oven kind, to drive away the residual air of pyrolysis oven bottom from inlet B.
(3) behind the completing steps (2), restart carrier gas (speeding to exit or pyrolysis gas of the present invention or their gas mixture) imported valve, carrier gas is entered in the pyrolysis oven 1 by inlet C, makes the coal seam of accumulation of heat carry out high temperature pyrolysis in hydrogeneous atmosphere.The pyrolysis gas that produces is discharged by the top exit E of pyrolysis oven 1, then by behind washer 2 (dedusting, remove tar and cooling), water seal 3 (preventing that coal gas from flowing backwards), electrostatic tar remover 4 and washer 5 (making coal gas further be cooled to room temperature), gas blower 8 (playing appropriate air inducing, supercharging) and the desulfurizer 6 (removing the sulphur in the coal gas), enter in the gas chamber 7, use for the city resident.When coal seam, pyrolysis oven 1 middle part temperature is reduced to 700～900 ℃, stop to feed carrier gas, close the carrier gas inlet valve.
(4) after completing steps (3) operation, open the inert gas entrance valve again, the principle of (2) purges set by step, the gas (being called for short pyrolysis coal gas) that produces with the pyrolysis of getting rid of pyrolysis oven 1 bottom.
(5) behind the completing steps (4), operate again and again (1) more set by step → (4), produces high heating value town gas and coproduction semicoke so off and on.
Embodiment
According to design of the present invention, record by the pyrolysis oven experimental installation, making coal briquette with datong bitumite is raw material, carries out pyrolysis operations, proves:
1. bituminous coal pyrolysis per ton can produce 250～300NM
3Coal gas, the calorific value of coal gas can reach
3500Kcal/NM
3。
Pyrolysis coal gas after testing, its quality can reach following index:
CH
4+ other hydrocarbon: can reach 25～30%;
CO ： 8～12％；
CO
2 ： 5～8％；
H
2 ： 50～55％；
N
2 ： 5％。
3. coal per ton (coal briquette) can be produced 0.65～0.75 ton in semicoke coal briquette, and wherein volatile content is lower than 5%,
Generally can reach 2～3% (wt%), can replace hard coal to use fully as synthesis ammonia plant gas making
Coal.As being example, when gas yield is 50,000 M to produce 20000 tons synthesis ammonia plant per year
3During/sky, by
The semicoke coal briquette amount that datong bitumite makes, basically with synthetic ammonia feedstock coal amount phase equilibrium, and
The intensity of semicoke coal briquette is good, and the gasification rate height can satisfy the requirement of synthesis ammonia plant gas making with coal.
Obviously, because the coal difference, the pyrolysis coal gas amount that coal per ton produced, the calorific value of mixed pyrolysis coal gas and composition etc. all change to some extent, but they all can meet the requirement with coal of town gas and ammonia.
Claims (1)
1. the method for pyrolysis of coal production city coal gas and semicoke, this method can be produced the town gas and the semicoke of high heating value periodically, and its technological process is as follows:
(1) at first opens the gas inlet valve, air is entered in the pyrolysis oven 1 by the bottom by inlet, make the coal partly burning on grate that enters from the charging opening D at pyrolysis oven top, the heat accumulation of heat that produces is among the coal seam at pyrolysis oven middle part, after the temperature in the pyrolysis oven rises to 900～1200 ℃, the closing air inlet openings valve;
(2) start the inert gas entrance valve then, rare gas element (flue gas or steam) is entered the pyrolysis oven 1 from inlet B, purge the several seconds, to drive away the residual air in pyrolysis oven 1 bottom;
(3) open the carrier gas inlet valve, make from synthetic ammonia workshop section speed exit or pyrolysis coal gas or their gas mixture are entered in the pyrolysis oven 1 by inlet C, make coal seam high temperature pyrolysis in hydrogeneous atmosphere of accumulation of heat, the top exit E of the gas that pyrolysis produces (being called for short mixed pyrolysis coal gas) field pyrolysis oven 1 discharges, then by washer 2, water seal 3, electrostatic tar remover 4 and washer 5, behind gas blower 8 and the desulfurizer 6, enter in the gas chamber 7, pyrogenous origin semicoke is then sent into lower feed box continuously by the fire grate of pyrolysis oven 1 bottom and is intermittently discharged, when temperature drops to 700～900 ℃ in the pyrolysis oven coal seam, stop to feed carrier gas, close the carrier gas inlet valve;
(4) open the inert gas entrance valve again, rare gas element (flue gas or steam) is entered the pyrolysis oven 1 from inlet B to purge, with the pyrolysis coal gas in the expeling pyrolysis oven 1, and then operate (1) to (4) set by step, so again and again production city coal gas and semicoke.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94114028 CN1038341C (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1994-12-12 | Process for producing civil coal gas and semicoke by coal pyrolysis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94114028 CN1038341C (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1994-12-12 | Process for producing civil coal gas and semicoke by coal pyrolysis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1112153A CN1112153A (en) | 1995-11-22 |
| CN1038341C true CN1038341C (en) | 1998-05-13 |
Family
ID=5036984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94114028 Expired - Fee Related CN1038341C (en) | 1994-12-12 | 1994-12-12 | Process for producing civil coal gas and semicoke by coal pyrolysis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1038341C (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-12-12 CN CN 94114028 patent/CN1038341C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1112153A (en) | 1995-11-22 |
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