CN103833139A - Quantitative evaluation method of aquatic plant species for repairing eutrophication water - Google Patents

Quantitative evaluation method of aquatic plant species for repairing eutrophication water Download PDF

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CN103833139A
CN103833139A CN201410076492.2A CN201410076492A CN103833139A CN 103833139 A CN103833139 A CN 103833139A CN 201410076492 A CN201410076492 A CN 201410076492A CN 103833139 A CN103833139 A CN 103833139A
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species
water
physical
water body
standard deviation
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CN103833139B (en
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谢永宏
陈心胜
李峰
侯志勇
邓正苗
李旭
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Institute of Subtropical Agriculture of CAS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
    • Y02A20/402—River restoration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method of aquatic plant species for repairing eutrophication water. The quantitative evaluation method comprises the following steps: A, index screening, namely screening to-be-invested water physical and chemical indexes according to eutrophication water characteristics; B, field investigation, namely investing rivers or lakes by adopting a conventional method in a representative region range, recording names of all the aquatic plant species in a quadrat, collecting water samples, and determining physical index of water; C, standard non-dimension disposal calculation, namely classifying the aquatic plants into submerged plants, floating-leaved plants and emergent aquatic plants according to ecotypes, and calculating standard non-dimension disposal data of physical and chemical indexes of water to which each species corresponds according to ecotypes; D, weight giving and total standard deviation calculation, namely giving weight to the physical and chemical indexes, and calculating the general average and total standard deviation of the non-dimension disposal data of each species; E, sorting and quantitative evaluation. The quantitative evaluation method is simple and convenient to operate, fast and accurate, meets the wetland rejuvenation of the rivers, lakes and the like and can be used for promoting the high-efficiency restoration of wetland ecological environments and configuration of functional groups.

Description

A kind of waterplant kind quantitative estimation method of repairing eutrophication water
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant ecological recovery technique field, more specifically relate to a kind of waterplant kind quantitative estimation method of repairing eutrophication water, it be applicable to the wetland such as river, lake recover with reconstruction engineering in carry out the needs of multiple waterplant species selection, promote high efficient recovery and the functional group configuration of Wetland Environment.Adopt stdn dimensionless data to process waterplant is carried out to quantitative evaluation by life-form, can disposable multiple species be assessed.
Background technology
Along with China's Efforts To Develop Ecological Civilization Construction, Wetland ecological recovers to have become the current Important Action that improves China's ecotope, and utilizing waterplant to repair eutrophication water is the current techique in restoration of the ecosystem.Recover in practice at Wetland ecological, the selection of pioneer has vital effect for the success or not of ecological recovery.Although have more employing the whole bag of tricks to reach the example that species are successfully recovered, and carried out discussing widely and thinking deeply, more still belong to case, lack the theoretical direction effect of ubiquity.Current, it is more dependence experience or simple comparative experiments that the pioneer recovering for wetland is selected, and there is no evaluation method and the means of quantification.In fact, quantize for the selection of restoration of the ecosystem pioneer, to have certain difficulty, reason has two: one, and the dimension of each Environmental indicators exists greatest differences, as the nitrogen of water body, phosphorus concentration adopt mg/L conventionally, and transparency adopt be cm, cause data not there is comparability; The 2nd, even if use is same dimension, but there is the difference of the order of magnitude in the data of different indexs, as water body nitrogen, phosphorus concentration differ several times, tens times or tens times conventionally, causes equally the noncomparabilities of data.In actual applications, be too dependent on single-factor experimental result and tend to the conclusion of misleading property, because eutrophication process is the result of multiplefactor comprehensive action.Therefore, adopt the technique means of nondimensionalization, incomparable data changes and formed nondimensional data, just can compare and comprehensive evaluation indices and each group of data, thereby provide possible for the screening of ecological fix tool kind.
Through Chinese patent net and relevant paper retrieved web, there is no at present the patent of the waterplant quantitative estimation method about repairing eutrophication water, but there is bibliographical information, substantially be that the comparative experiments under certain one or two environmental factor condition of indoor control is applied in restoration of the ecosystem practice after obtaining result again by empirical method or many species, as " beach, river wetland waterplant is analyzed water body nitrogen and phosphorus pollution thing removal effect " " research soil and water conservation " 2007.14 (4) 137～140 of Zhou Xiaohong etc.; Clear " removal effect of Phosphorus In Hypertrophic Lake Donghu Water By Common Submerged Macrophytes " " Yangtze valley resource and environment " 2007.16 (6) 796～800 waiting of high mirror; " four kinds of submerged plants are studied the decontamination effect improving of eutrophication water " " Agriculture of Anhui science " 2012.40 (10) 6083～6085 of woods spring breeze etc.; " different emergents are increment and soil removability comparative studies in sanitary sewage " " environmental research and monitoring " 2010.23 (3) 10～13 of Xiong Ying etc.; " comparisons of 5 kinds of emergent purifying eutrophication water body nitrogen phosphorus effects " " Jiangsu agricultural sciences " 2011.39 (6) 598～599 of Fan Kaiqing etc.; " absorption and the prevention of secondary pollution of farmland ditch emergent to N, P " " China Environmental Science " 2004.24 (6) 702～706 of Jiang Cuiling etc., etc.The application category of these appraisal procedures is very limited, when especially will selecting multiple species, because the similarity of species ecological niche will upset the accuracy of judgement.Therefore, foundation one is quick, easy, appraisal procedure just seems particularly urgent accurately.
Summary of the invention
For current Wetland ecological recover pioneer screening or evaluate in few, the technological difficulties such as evaluation cycle is grown of the species that exist more, the object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of waterplant kind nondimensionalization appraisal procedure of repairing eutrophication water that is applied to, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, fast, easy, accurate, meet in the wetland recovery such as river, lake and reconstruction engineering and carry out multiple waterplant species selection, promoted the high efficient recovery of Wetland Environment and the configuration of functional group.
In order to realize above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
Be applied to a waterplant kind nondimensionalization appraisal procedure of repairing eutrophication water, the steps include:
(1) index screening:
Filter out the water body physical and chemical index that will investigate according to the essential characteristic of eutrophication water, water body physical and chemical index at least comprises ammonia nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, total nitrogen, soluble phosphate, total phosphorus, transparency, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll content;
(2) field study:
Within the scope of some representative regions, (there are enough ecological amplitudes to guarantee obtaining data) and adopt traditional method to carry out sample prescription (1m × 1m) investigation random or line-transect or belt transect layout to river or lake and marshland, record waterplant species titles all in sample prescription, gather water sample, measure water body physical characteristics, according to the water body physical and chemical index of national Technical specifications determination and analysis water sample, obtain species number and the corresponding each water body physical and chemical index of each species in each sample prescription, quadrat number is more than 140, below 260, and comprise as far as possible more species number, when field study, must be chosen to be at plant-growth animated period, time is the annual 7-9 month.
The national Technical specifications of described water body physical and chemical index is referring to " surface water environment quality monitoring proximate analysis method " China Environmental Science Press .2009 of Fu Qiang etc.;
Described waterplant define " world waterplant " the SPB Academic Publishing.1990 with reference to Cook; (3) stdn nondimensionalization calculates:
Waterplant is divided into submerged plant by the ecotype, floatingleaved plant and emergent 3 classes are carried out distribution archive, filter out and occur 8 kinds of above species, the species that filter out (considering that plant frequency of occurrence may affect the reliability of result very little) and corresponding physical and chemical index thereof are sorted out by plant ecotype, calculate the mean value and the standard deviation (formula 2) that in same life-form, occur 8 above each water body physical and chemical indexs of all species, according to formula 1 stdn physical and chemical index, take each water body physical and chemical index in same life-form as variable, standard deviation the difference of each variate-value and its mean value divided by this variable, obtain the standardized value of each water body physical and chemical index in same life-form:
Z i = ( x i - x ‾ ) / σ , Formula 1
Wherein: Z ifor the standardized value of a certain water body physical and chemical index in same life-form,
X ibe i measured value, i=1,2,3 ... n, n is that total frequency appears in plant,
Figure BDA0000472545360000032
for the mean value for there are 8 above a certain water body physical and chemical indexs of all species in same life-form,
σ is the standard deviation that occurs 8 above some water body physical and chemical indexs of all species in same life-form.
The calculation formula of described standard deviation sigma is:
σ = 1 n Σ i = 1 n ( x i - x ‾ ) 2 Formula 2
Wherein: σ is the standard deviation that occurs 8 above some water body physical and chemical indexs of all species in same life-form, and n is that total frequency (sum of measured value) appears in plant, and xi is i measured value, i=1,2,3 ... n,
Figure BDA0000472545360000034
for the mean value of the selected a certain water body physical and chemical index of all species of same life-form.
Here the standard deviation of indication is the standard deviation of the selected a certain physical and chemical index of all species of same life-form.After stdn nondimensionalization, the mean value of each variable is 0, and standard deviation is 1, thereby eliminates the impact of dimension and the order of magnitude.Data just can be converted into dimensionless data by any one measured value xi after stdn nondimensionalization calculates.
Described submerged plant refers to that plant materials is all positioned at the large-scale aquatic vascular plant of seeking set existence below water layer.Be specially comb tooth Herba potamogetonis distincti, wear leaf Herba potamogetonis distincti, p.malaianus, silk leaf Herba potamogetonis distincti, Huang Sicao, large najas marina, little najas marina, hydrilla verticillata, spike watermifoil, hornwort, eel grass, water caltrop etc.
Described floatingleaved plant refers to that leaf bubbles through the water column, and root length is planted by the large-scale aquatic vascular plant in water or subsoil.Be specially frogbit, lotus, Gorgon fruit, Herba Eichhorniae, water lily, floating heart, wild water chestnut, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Chinese scholartree leaf duckweed, Herba azollae imbricatae, apple, duckweed etc.
Described emergent refers to that the root, root growth of plant are among the bed mud of water, and stem, leaf are endured out the large-scale aquatic vascular plant of the water surface and planted.Be specially reed, calamus, barnyard grass, Fischer grass, angustifolia arrowhead herb, reed, Calamagrostis epigejos, polygonum flaccidum, smartweed, chaste tree sedge herb, sedge herb , water hair flower, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Drilgrass, Hemarthria compressa, ditch millet, milk thistle, Chinese celery, sedge, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, cattail, wild rush, rhizoma alismatis, pin Lin, Eclipta prostrata etc.
(4) give weight and total standard deviation calculating:
The stdn dimensionless data of each species obtaining according to nondimensionalization method is basis, calculates respectively mean value and the standard deviation of each water body dimensionless data that physical and chemical index obtains of each species with formula 3 and formula 4:
Z j ‾ = ( Z 1 + Z 2 + Z 3 + . . . . . . Z n ) / n Formula 3,
σ j = 1 n Σ i = 1 n ( Z i - Z j ‾ ) 2 Formula 4,
Wherein:
Figure BDA0000472545360000043
for the mean value of certain physical and chemical index dimensionless data of a certain species;
σ jfor the mean value of certain physical and chemical index dimensionless data of a certain species;
N is total frequency that a certain species occur;
Consider that any one physical and chemical index is all the essential characteristic of eutrophication water, think that all indexs all have equal importance, that is to say, weight equates, all value is 1, calculates the population mean Z of all water body dimensionless datas that physical and chemical index obtains of each species alwayswith total standard deviation sigma always, calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0000472545360000044
formula 5,
Figure BDA0000472545360000045
formula 6.
Wherein: n is the quantity of water body physical and chemical index.
(5) sequence and quantitative evaluation:
Same each species of life-form total standard deviation obtaining that adds up is sorted, and total standard deviation is larger, and species are stronger to the adaptive faculty of eutrophication water, are more suitable for use as the pioneer of repairing eutrophication water, obtain quantitative evaluation result.
The present invention has set up quick, a simple evaluate application in the waterplant pioneer of eutrophic water body restoration of the ecosystem, and compared with prior art its beneficial effect is:
(1) screen the pioneer of eutrophication water by stdn nondimensionalization waterplant appraisal procedure, its process is simple, the cycle is short, only needs the 10-15d of cost big area field study, and traditional means of experiment generally takes and more than 1 month just goes out effect;
(2) assess effectiveness is high, as just assessed 8 kinds of submerged plants Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section) is disposable, and 5 kinds of floatingleaved plants and 10 kinds of emergents, and generally disposable assessment 3-5 kind only of traditional means of experiment;
(3) from stdn nondimensionalization assessment result, also be consistent substantially with the experimental study of mentioning above document, but present method has all expanded the scope of species assessments with regard to any ecotype, and sequence is more accurate, and more species selection is provided in ecological recovery;
(4) the present invention, take Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section) rivers at different levels as basic survey background, can be widely used in the Wetland ecological such as river, lake and recover to carry out pioneer screening and the configuration of many species.
Embodiment
Applicant is described in further detail the inventive method in connection with Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section) example below; object is to make those skilled in the art to have more detailed understanding and cognition to the inventive method, and following examples should not be understood to the restriction to request protection domain of the present invention in any degree.
Embodiment 1:
A waterplant kind quantitative estimation method of repairing eutrophication water, the steps include:
(1) investigation index screening:
Take the essential characteristic of eutrophication water as with reference to the water body physical and chemical index parameter of field study is screened, according to the essential characteristic of river eutrophication water body, filter out the water body physical and chemical index that will investigate, be finally defined as investigating ammonia nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, total nitrogen, soluble phosphate, total phosphorus, transparency, these 7 indexs of dissolved oxygen;
(2) field study:
15-August 27 August in 2013, in Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section) 8.83 × 10 4km 2in scope, adopt waterplant and the environmental factor thereof of traditional method to rivers at different levels to carry out random sample prescription (1m × 1m) investigation.Record each species title in sample prescription, field measuring part water body physical characteristics.The water sample of all the other collections is contained in 1L Plastic Bottle, adds 2-3 and drips the vitriol oil and fix, and mails immediately test analysis place (Institutes Of Technology Of He'nan) to and analyzes for water body chemical feature.Carry out water sampling determination and analysis water body physical and chemical index according to national Technical specifications.Sampling point comprises Shahe, whirling river, 3 level Four rivers of the Yinhe River, containing large Shahe, the Taohe River, river, Huiji, Heihe, Tie Dihe, little Jiang river, Jialuhe River, two up tos river, clear Sun river, clear water river, northern Ru He, Ru He, Li river, Xin Caihe, Hong He, Fenhe River, Ni He, attain Tou He, Lu He, bamboo pole river, little Huang He, White Dew river, Huang He, Shi He, Guan He, Pyatyi river, 26, spring river and tributary thereof.The sample prescription of investigation adds up to 149, has obtained the 589 cover waterplant field study data corresponding with water body physical and chemical index.Find altogether 51 kinds of waterplant, by environmental point, 12 kinds of submerged plants, 12 kinds of floatingleaved plants, emergent is maximum, is 27 kinds.Each species title and frequency of occurrence are in table 1.
The national Technical specifications of described water body physical and chemical index is referring to " surface water environment quality monitoring proximate analysis method " China Environmental Science Press .2009 of Fu Qiang etc.;
Described waterplant define " world waterplant " the SPB Academic Publishing.1990 with reference to Cook;
Waterplant register and the frequency of occurrence of table 1 Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section) river field study
Figure BDA0000472545360000061
* in investigation, Alternanthera philoxeroides is to be present in river course with floating form entirely, thus this plant is attributed to floatingleaved plant, but not emergent
(3) stdn nondimensionalization calculates:
Waterplant is divided into submerged plant, floatingleaved plant and emergent 3 classes by the ecotype, then the more than 8 times species of appearance and corresponding physical and chemical index thereof is sorted out by plant ecotype, finally carry out the calculating of stdn nondimensionalization.In Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section), 8 kinds of total submerged plants in 149 sample prescriptions, 5 kinds of floatingleaved plants, 10 kinds of emergents selected (referring to table 2).Calculate mean value and the standard deviation (formula 2) of each water body physical and chemical index by life-form, then carry out stdn dimensionless data calculating (formula 1).Standardization Act is the standard deviation (referring to that the standard deviation that more than 8 times the same water body physical and chemical index of all species obtains appears in same life-form) divided by this variable the difference of each variate-value and its mean value, and concrete formula is: Z i = ( x i - x ‾ ) / σ Formula 1,
Wherein Z ifor standardized value, xi is i measured value, i=1,2,3 ... n,
Figure BDA0000472545360000072
for mean value, the standard deviation that σ obtains for 8 above a certain water body physical and chemical indexs of all species of same life-form appearance.So just water body physical and chemical indexs all each species of same life-form can be converted into corresponding dimensionless data.
Standard deviation sigma calculation formula is: σ = 1 n Σ i = 1 n ( x i - x ‾ ) 2 Formula 2,
Wherein: the standard deviation that σ obtains for 8 above a certain water body physical and chemical indexs of all species of same life-form appearance, n is that total frequency appears in plant, xi is i measured value, for the mean value of the selected a certain water body physical and chemical index of all species of same life-form.Here the standard deviation of indication is the standard deviation of the selected a certain physical and chemical index of all species of same life-form.So just water body physical and chemical indexs all each species can be converted into corresponding dimensionless data.
The waterplant register that table 2 Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section) river is selected
Figure BDA0000472545360000075
* in investigation, Alternanthera philoxeroides is to be present in river course with floating form entirely, thus this plant is attributed to floatingleaved plant, but not emergent
Now be further described with example.In this investigation, there are 180 frequencys in submerged plant altogether, obtains 180 cover species and physical and chemical properties of water corresponding datas.As calculated, the mean value of ammonia nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, total nitrogen, soluble phosphate, total phosphorus, transparency, dissolved oxygen
Figure BDA0000472545360000076
be respectively 0.62mg/L, 6.36mg/L, 12.81mg/L, 0.23mg/L, 0.45mg/L, 27.84cm, 3.99mg/L, standard deviation sigma is respectively 1.07,6.94, and 10.61,0.68,1.01,14.61,3.85.Take spike watermifoil as example, the stdn dimensionless data of observed value and calculating gained is as shown in table 3.
Observed data and the standardized data result of table 3 spike watermifoil water body physicochemical characteristics
Figure BDA0000472545360000081
(4) give weight and total standard deviation calculating:
The non-dimensional number of each species obtaining according to nondimensionalization method is according to being basis, consider that any one physical and chemical index is all the essential characteristic of eutrophication water, think that these indexs have equal importance, that is to say, weight is consistent, all value is 1, the standardized value obtaining according to step (3), and the mean value and the standard deviation that obtain with formula 3 and formula 4 each water body physical and chemical index of each species of calculating:
Z j ‾ = ( Z 1 + Z 2 + Z 3 + . . . . . . Z n ) / n Formula 3,
σ j = 1 n Σ i = 1 n ( Z i - Z j ‾ ) 2 Formula 4,
Wherein:
Figure BDA0000472545360000091
for the mean value of certain physical and chemical index dimensionless data of a certain species;
σ jfor the mean value of certain physical and chemical index dimensionless data of a certain species;
N is total frequency that a certain species occur;
Finally calculate the cumulative population mean obtaining of all water body physics and chemistry of each species and total standard deviation by formula 5 and formula 6: formula 5,
Figure BDA0000472545360000093
formula 6.
Wherein: n is the quantity of water body physical and chemical index.
Take spike watermifoil as example, in his-and-hers watches 3, the dimensionless data of 7 indexs calculates mean value and the standard deviation of each water body physical and chemical index of gained by formula 3 and formula 4, finally cumulative population mean and the total standard deviation (in table 4) that obtains all indexs.
The population mean of table 4 spike watermifoil water body physicochemical characteristics dimensionless data and total standard deviation
Figure BDA0000472545360000094
(5) rank and quantitative evaluation:
The population mean that all same life-form species are obtained and total standard deviation sort, and obtain quantitative evaluation result (in table 5).Evaluation criteria is: total standard deviation is larger, and species are stronger to the adaptive faculty of eutrophication water, is more adapted to as the pioneer of repairing eutrophication water.In Basin of Huaihe River (Henan Section), 8 kinds of submerged plants to eutrophication water tolerance to weak being by force: the black algae > of hornwort > water caltrop > comb tooth Herba potamogetonis distincti > eel grass > spike watermifoil > p.malaianus > silk leaf Herba potamogetonis distincti; 5 kinds of floatingleaved plant tolerances are to weak being by force: the wild water chestnut > of duckweed > Alternanthera philoxeroides > frogbit > floating heart; 10 kinds of emergent tolerances are to weak being by force: reed > polygonum flaccidum > calamus > barnyard grass > cattail > Hemarthria compressa > Fischer grass > sedge > Eclipta prostrata > ditch millet.
Described in the Typical Wetland region of certain area, (be enough to reflect species existence habitat) and carry out field study, and guarantee that quadrat number reaches more than 140, below 260.
Described field study must be in the vigorous 7-9 month of plant-growth.
Described plant data and water body physicochemical data will support the use.
Described be divided into submerged plant, floatingleaved plant and emergent 3 classes by the ecotype and evaluate.
The frequency that described species occur reaches more than 8 times and could be selected in and carry out the calculating of stdn nondimensionalization and evaluation.
Mean value in described standardized calculation process and standard deviation refer to a certain physical and chemical index of same life-form mean value and standard deviation, then according to formula, any one xi measured value is converted into dimensionless data.
Total standard deviation of each described species stdn dimensionless data is evaluated, and standard is: total standard deviation is larger, and species are stronger to the adaptive faculty of eutrophication water, is more suitable for use as the pioneer of repairing eutrophication water.
Table 5 stdn nondimensionalization calculates mean value, standard deviation and the overall ranking of gained different plant species
Figure BDA0000472545360000111

Claims (1)

1. a waterplant kind quantitative estimation method of repairing eutrophication water, the steps include:
(1) index screening:
Filter out the water body physical and chemical index that will investigate according to the essential characteristic of eutrophication water, water body physical and chemical index at least comprises ammonia nitrogen, nitric nitrogen, total nitrogen, soluble phosphate, total phosphorus, transparency, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll content;
(2) field study:
Within the scope of a representative region, adopt traditional method to carry out sample prescription investigation random or line-transect or belt transect layout to river or lake and marshland, record waterplant species titles all in sample prescription, gather water sample, measure water body physical characteristics, according to the water body physical and chemical index of national Technical specifications determination and analysis water sample, obtain species number and the corresponding each water body physical and chemical index of each species in each sample prescription, quadrat number is more than 140, below 260, when field study, be chosen in plant-growth animated period, the time is the annual 7-9 month;
(3) stdn nondimensionalization calculates:
Waterplant is divided into submerged plant by the ecotype, floatingleaved plant and emergent 3 classes are carried out distribution archive, filter out and occur 8 kinds of above species, the species that filter out and corresponding physical and chemical index thereof are sorted out by plant ecotype, calculate the mean value and the standard deviation that in same life-form, occur 8 above each water body physical and chemical indexs of all species, according to formula 1 stdn physical and chemical index, take each water body physical and chemical index in same life-form as variable, standard deviation the difference of each variate-value and its mean value divided by this variable, obtain the standardized value of each water body physical and chemical index in same life-form:
Z i = ( x i - x ‾ ) / σ Formula 1
Wherein: Z ifor the standardized value of a certain water body physical and chemical index in same life-form,
X ibe i measured value, i=1,2,3 ... n, n is that total frequency appears in plant,
Figure FDA0000472545350000012
for the mean value for there are 8 above a certain water body physical and chemical indexs of all species in same life-form,
σ is the standard deviation that occurs 8 above some water body physical and chemical indexs of all species in same life-form;
The calculation formula of described standard deviation sigma is:
σ = 1 n Σ i = 1 n ( x i - x ‾ ) 2 Formula 2
Wherein: σ is the standard deviation that occurs 8 above some water body physical and chemical indexs of all species in same life-form, and n is that total frequency appears in plant, and xi is i measured value, for the mean value of the selected a certain water body physical and chemical index of all species of same life-form;
(4) give weight and total standard deviation calculating:
The stdn dimensionless data of each species obtaining according to nondimensionalization method is basis, calculates respectively mean value and the standard deviation of each water body dimensionless data that physical and chemical index obtains of each species with formula 3 and formula 4:
Z j ‾ = ( Z 1 + Z 2 + Z 3 + . . . . . . Z n ) / n Formula 3,
σ j = 1 n Σ i = 1 n ( Z i - Z j ‾ ) 2 Formula 4,
Wherein:
Figure FDA0000472545350000024
for the mean value of certain physical and chemical index dimensionless data of a certain species;
σ jfor the standard deviation of certain physical and chemical index dimensionless data of a certain species;
N is total frequency that a certain species occur;
The equal weight of all indexs is equal, and all value is 1, calculates the population mean Z of all water body dimensionless datas that physical and chemical index obtains of each species alwayswith total standard deviation sigma always, calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0000472545350000025
formula 5,
formula 6,
Wherein: n is the quantity of water body physical and chemical index;
(5) sequence and quantitative evaluation:
Same each species of life-form total standard deviation obtaining that adds up is sorted, and total standard deviation is larger, and species are stronger to the adaptive faculty of eutrophication water, are more suitable for use as the pioneer of repairing eutrophication water, obtain quantitative evaluation result;
Described submerged plant refers to that plant materials is all positioned at the large-scale aquatic vascular plant of seeking set existence below water layer, for comb tooth Herba potamogetonis distincti, wear leaf Herba potamogetonis distincti, p.malaianus, silk leaf Herba potamogetonis distincti, Huang Sicao, large najas marina, little najas marina, hydrilla verticillata, spike watermifoil, hornwort, eel grass, water caltrop;
Described floatingleaved plant refers to that leaf bubbles through the water column, and the large-scale aquatic vascular plant of root length in water or subsoil planted, and is frogbit, lotus, Gorgon fruit, Herba Eichhorniae, water lily, floating heart, wild water chestnut, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Chinese scholartree leaf duckweed, Herba azollae imbricatae, apple, duckweed;
The root, root growth that described emergent aquactic plant refers to plant is at water Bed mudAmong, stem, leaf are endured out the large-scale aquatic vascular plant of the water surface and are planted, and are reed, calamus, barnyard grass, Fischer grass, angustifolia arrowhead herb, reed, Calamagrostis epigejos, polygonum flaccidum, smartweed, chaste tree three leng, three leng grass, water hair flower, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Drilgrass, Hemarthria compressa, ditch millet, milk thistle, Chinese celery, sedge, the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, cattail, wild rush, rhizoma alismatis, pin Lin, Eclipta prostrata.
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CN105198091A (en) * 2015-10-27 2015-12-30 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Small river aquatic vegetation restoration apparatus and community collocation restoration method
CN105981749A (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-10-05 湖北隶德生物工程有限公司 Medicament for rapidly removing rotifers in culture water body
CN105621623A (en) * 2016-04-05 2016-06-01 吴云 Natural water purifier
CN107473386B (en) * 2017-02-27 2020-11-27 江西省水利科学研究院 Method for treating sewage of intensive culture pond by combining aquatic plant functional groups
CN106865778A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-20 北京林业大学 A kind of method that species diversity of utilization submerged plant purifies water
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CN108946953A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-07 耀华园林股份有限公司 A kind of method of water plant combination purification sewage
CN112499766A (en) * 2020-10-13 2021-03-16 北京林业大学 Method for rapidly identifying plant ability to purify eutrophic water
CN117516639A (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-02-06 吉林农业大学 High-flux greenhouse plant phenotype measurement system based on multispectral point cloud fusion

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