CN103826704A - Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods - Google Patents
Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN103826704A CN103826704A CN201180073596.2A CN201180073596A CN103826704A CN 103826704 A CN103826704 A CN 103826704A CN 201180073596 A CN201180073596 A CN 201180073596A CN 103826704 A CN103826704 A CN 103826704A
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- suppressant
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 192
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 alkali metal hydrogencarbonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 2
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 101710091681 Methanogen homoaconitase small subunit Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 101710140240 Probable methanogen homoaconitase large subunit Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- RJCQBQGAPKAMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Br RJCQBQGAPKAMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium nitrate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001485 alkali metal perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004973 alkali metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/02—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with pressure gas produced by chemicals
- A62C13/22—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with pressure gas produced by chemicals with incendiary substances producing pressure gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/04—Gas-blowing apparatus, e.g. for tear gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Fire suppression apparatuses include a housing with gas generant material disposed therein, an initiator for igniting the gas generant material, and a cooling system. The cooling system includes a first chamber with a coolant material disposed therein and a second chamber. The coolant material is caused to flow from the first chamber into the second chamber to cool gas formed by the ignition of the gas generant material upon exiting from the housing under pressure. The cooling system may further include a piston disposed within the first chamber and movable responsive to gas pressure. Methods for cooling a fire suppressant gas and methods for suppressing a fire include flowing a fire suppressant gas into first and second chambers of a cooling system, flowing a coolant material from the first chamber into the second chamber, and contacting the fire suppressant gas with the coolant material to cool the fire suppressant gas.
Description
Technical field
The fire extinguishing of embodiments of the invention relate generally to.Embodiments of the invention relate to the fire-extinguishing apparatus with gas generator and cooling system, and relate to the method for putting out a fire with this fire-extinguishing apparatus.Embodiments of the invention also relate to and utilize cooling fluid to make the cooling method of fire-suppressant gas.
Background technology
In the past, breathe out imperial alkyl halide (Halon halocarbons) and be widely used aspect fire extinguishing.Term " is breathed out imperial alkyl halide " and is often referred to alkyl halide or halogenated hydrocarbons, comprises one group of compound of the alkane being connected with halogen, and refers in particular to brominated alkyl halide.Breathe out imperial alkyl halide in the time extinguishing most types fiery normally effectively, satisfactorily non-conductive, be easy to dissipate fast and do not form residue and to expose for limited human body be safer.In the past, breathe out for example Halon 1301(bromotrifluoromethane of imperial alkyl halide, CBrF
3) apply or such region and building are applied in being typically unsuitable for very much applying the region of water injection system or building as extinguishing chemical, these regions are for example data and computer center, museum, library, other places that operating room or the extinguishing chemical of application based on water can cause to electronic unit, important archive collection etc. irremediable loss.
But have been found that breathing out imperial alkyl halide has adverse effect due to the ozone-depleting effect to atmosphere to environment.
Summary of the invention
Fire-extinguishing apparatus is disclosed as and comprises: housing, and it has the gas generating material being arranged in wherein; Starter, its at least a portion that is configured to igniting gas generating material is to form gas; With the cooling system that is arranged as contiguous housing.Cooling system comprises the first chamber and the second chamber that are wherein furnished with coolant material.In the time activating, at least a portion of coolant material flows into the second chamber from the first chamber, to mix with the gas being formed by igniting gas generating material, and makes this gas cooled.In certain embodiments, fire-extinguishing apparatus also comprises the piston in the first chamber that is arranged in cooling system, and described piston is movable in the first chamber, so that coolant material pressurizes and make coolant material flow into the second chamber from the first chamber.But coolant material liquid.
Be disclosed as and comprise by the method for fire-extinguishing apparatus fire extinguishing: igniting gas generating material, to form fire-suppressant gas; Make fire-suppressant gas flow into the first chamber and second chamber of cooling system; With by utilizing fire-suppressant gas to force piston to move in the first chamber, make coolant material flow into the second chamber from the first chamber.Coolant material can mix with fire-suppressant gas, and makes fire-suppressant gas cooling.The mixture of coolant material and fire-suppressant gas can be drawn towards fire.
Method for extinguishing by cooling gas is also disclosed as and comprises: make fire-suppressant gas flow into the first chamber and the second chamber; By utilizing fire-suppressant gas against promoting piston, piston to be operationally arranged in the first chamber; Make coolant material flow into the second chamber from the first chamber by utilizing piston abuts to promote coolant material; With coolant material is mixed in the second chamber with fire-suppressant gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of the gas generator of fire-extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional perspective view of gas generator shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is along the sectional perspective view of a part for the gas generator shown in Fig. 1 that line 3-3 intercepts as shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 A to 4C illustrates the cutaway view of the cooling system of fire-extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 illustrates the cutaway view of the cooling system of fire-extinguishing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 A and 6B illustrate the cutaway view of the cooling system of fire-extinguishing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 illustrates according to the cutaway view of the cooling system of the fire-extinguishing apparatus of an embodiment more of the present invention.
Fig. 8 illustrates according to the cutaway view of the cooling system of the fire-extinguishing apparatus of extra embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 to 8 illustrates a part of embodiment according to fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention.Fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention comprises gas generator (seeing Fig. 1-3) and is configured to the cooling cooling system (seeing Fig. 4 A-8) of fire-suppressant gas that gas generator is produced.
Fig. 1 illustrates according to the cutaway view of the embodiment of the gas generator 20 of fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention.Gas generator 20 comprises generator body 22, be positioned at first longitudinal the first end wall 24 of end of generator body 22, and is positioned at generator body 22 and the second end wall 76 first second longitudinal end place that longitudinally end is relative.Generator body 22, the first end wall 24 and the second end wall 76 all can be made by bearing the high temperature that produces between gas generator 20 period of energization and/or the material of pressure.For example, generator body 22, the first end wall 24 and the second end wall 76 all can for example, by metal (, steel), polymer, and composite (for example, fibrous composite), and one or more in pottery are made.The first and second end walls 24,76 can form or form dividually with generator body 22 and pass through for example welding, binding agent, crimping, screw thread, machanical fastener, and interference fit etc. are attached to generator body 22.
Gas generating material 52 can be arranged in generator body 22, for example, for producing gas (, fire-suppressant gas).The material that can be used as gas generating material 52 comprises for example for example, in the field of expandable safety of vehicle passengers constrained system (, gas-bag system) known material.The composition that is applicable to gas generating material 52 it is known to the person skilled in the art that and can be according to the expectation of the gas producing different for generation of the application of gas.For fire suppression applications, the region occupying especially for people, the gas generating material 52 of gas generant tablet 66 can be HACN composition, as authorized the people's such as Hinshaw United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 439,537,5,673,935,5,725,699 and 6,039, disclosed in 820, the disclosed content of each patent at this by reference to merged.But the HACN recrystallization using in gas generating material 52 and comprise the active carbon or the carbon that are less than approximately 0.1%.By keep the carbon of low amount in gas generating material 52, in the time that burning, gas generating material 52 can make the amount of carbonaceous gas (for example CO, CO2 or its mixture) minimize.Alternatively, can use to have and reach approximately 1% active carbon or the technical grade HACN of carbon.Also can expect: (it produces and does not comprise carbonaceous gas or NO also can to use traditional gas generating material
xcombustion product).
HACN composition or other gas generating materials 52 can comprise extra component, for example oxidant, igniting reinforcing agent, trajectory improver, slag reinforcing agent, cooling agent, chemical, at least one in inorganic bond or organic bond.By example, HACN composition can comprise at least one in cupric oxide, titanium dioxide, guanidine nitrate, strontium nitrate and glass.The a lot of additives that use in gas generating material 52 can serve many purposes.Only, for the reason of example, provide cooling can to gas generating material 52 as the additive of oxidant, trajectory correction, or slag strengthens characteristic.Oxidant can be used for promoting the oxidation of the group ammonia that is coordinated to cobalt in oxidation or the HACN of the active carbon existing in HACN.Oxidant can be ammonium nitrate, alkali nitrates, alkaline earth nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, alkali metal perchlorate, alkaline earth perchlorate, ammonium peroxide, alkali-metal peroxide, or alkaline earth peroxide.Also transition metal-type oxidant of oxidant, as copper base oxidant, it includes but not limited to, basic copper nitrate ([Cu2 (OH) 3N03]) (" BCN "), CU
2o or CuO.Except as oxidant, copper base oxidant can be used as cooling fluid, ballistics modifier, or slag reinforcing agent.In the time that gas generating material 52 burns, copper base oxidant can produce cupric combustion product, for example metallic copper and cuprous oxide, and this cupric combustion product can mix with for example metallic cobalt of cobalt combustion product and cobalt oxide.These combustion products produce slags, slag the burning surface place of sheet 56 or near fusing prevent from forming particle.Copper base oxidant also can reduce the pressure index of gas generating material 52, thereby reduces the pressure dependence of burn rate.Typically, at atmospheric pressure or approach atmospheric pressure in the situation that, comprise that the gas generating material containing HACN of copper base oxidant is more easily lighted and burning more quickly.For example, but due to the dependence to lower pressure, they burn more slowly under very high pressure (being greater than the pressure of about 3000psi).
May be solid material by example gas generating material 52, this solid material be formed as the sheet 66 of general cylindrical.The sheet 66 of gas generating material 52 all can have one or more holes of running through it, lighting of gas generating material 52 provided to the air-flow that improves and increase process gas generator 20 in the time that gas generator activates.The sheet 66 of gas generating material 52 can be arranged to one or more stacking, as illustrated in fig. 1.Each the stacking of sheet 66 can be arranged in gas generating container 54 at least in part.Each gas generating container 54 general cylindrical and hold the hole of running through it, to improve lighting of gas flow and gas generating material 52.Space 34 can be arranged between each gas generating container 54, to allow gas to flow through container 54 in the time that gas generator 20 activates.The gas generating container 54 of any amount can be arranged in generator body 22.The amount of the quantity of gas generating container 54 and gas generating material 52 can be changed, to the amount of the fire extinguishing providing, cost, the weight of fire-extinguishing apparatus etc. of fire-extinguishing apparatus are for example provided.
With reference to the Fig. 1 of being combined with Fig. 2, the sheet 66 of gas generating material 52 can utilize in first holding tray 62 of one end of gas generating container 54 and be held in place in gas generating container 54 with the second holding tray 64 of the other end that is arranged in gas generating container 54.The first and second holding trays 62,64 all can have one or more holes of running through it, with allow to light a fire product and/or gas flow through them.Alternatively, extra holding tray (not shown) can be arranged between each 66 of gas generating material 52.
As shown in Fig. 1 to 3, the first holding plate 48 can be positioned in generator body 22, approaches the first end wall 24, and the second holding plate 70 can be positioned in generator body 22, approaches the second end wall 76.The first and second holding plates 48,70 can be configured to that housing 22 at gas generator 20 is interior is held in place gas generating container 54.The first holding plate 48 can comprise recess 36, and seed material 50 can be arranged in this recess.The first holding plate 48 can comprise the hole 44 of running through it, to allow lighting a fire product through the first holding plate, for igniting gas generating material 52 in the time that gas generator 20 activates.The actuating of gas generator 20 can be undertaken by the igniter 72 that is positioned proximate to the first end wall 24 and is positioned proximate at least a portion of seed material 50.By example, igniter 72 is configured to the ignition of igniting in the time that for example fire alarm activates.Therefore, in the time that igniter 72 activates, seed material 50 is lighted, and result gas generating material 52 is lighted and burnt, to produce fire-suppressant gas.In other words, gas generating material 52 can react, to form fire-suppressant gas in the time contacting the igniting product of seed material 50.
Refer again to Fig. 1, the second end wall 76 can comprise hole 78, with flow through the second end wall from gas generator 20 out of the fire-suppressant gas that allows to be produced by gas generating material 52.Block piece 81 can be arranged on 78 tops, hole in the second end wall 76, to prevent that before gas generator activates material is through via hole 78, and allows pressure in gas generator 20 to increase, so that the burning of gas generating material 52 is from maintaining.Block piece 81 is configured to when enough pressure is applied on it and the pressure sensitive block piece breaking, thereby the fire-suppressant gas that permission is produced by the burning of gas generating material 52 in the time that gas generator 20 activates is through via hole 78.By example, block piece 81 is foil, and can be selected in the time that predetermined pressure is greater than the environmental pressure of gas generator 20 outsides and break.
Although referring to figs. 1 to 3 specific embodiments that gas generator 20 is shown, the invention is not restricted to this.By example, any source of fire-suppressant gas or other extinguish materials (its can from extinguish material diffluence heat extraction, for application-specific) can be used together with cooling system of the present invention.
As seen in Fig. 1, gas generator 20 can be connected to cooling system, for example, be described in greater detail below the cooling system 100 of (Fig. 4 A to 4C).Connection Element 30 can be arranged between gas generator 20 and cooling system 100 alternatively.In other embodiments, cooling system 100 can be directly connected to gas generator 20, for example, by welding, crimping, interference fit, screw thread, bonding agent, machanical fastener etc.Therefore, the extinguish material being produced by gas generator 20 can and enter cooling system 100 through the hole 78 in the second end wall 76 of gas generator 20, as will be described below in more detail.
Although the view of Fig. 4 A to 8 does not illustrate gas generator, should be appreciated that above-mentioned gas generator can be positioned to the cooling system of neighborhood graph 4A to 8, so that the fire-suppressant gas that is produced and discharged by gas generator can be cooled.For example, in the time observing in the perspective view of Fig. 4 A to 8, above-mentioned gas generator 20 can be attached in the bottom of cooling system arbitrary cooling system of Fig. 4 A to 8.Therefore, gas can be through via hole 78 Exhaust Gas generators 20, and enter any in cooling system 100,200,300,400,500, to flow through cooling system being cooled, as will be described below in more detail.
With reference now to Fig. 4 A,, illustrate and described the cooling system 100 of fire-extinguishing apparatus.Cooling system 100 can comprise the first chamber 110 being limited at least in part by the first housing 132.The first chamber 110 comprises for example, when being arranged in wherein and being configured to work as enough power (, pressure) is applied for abuts against plunger 112 piston 112 in the first chamber 110 interior motions.One or more seal 114(for example, O type ring) can be arranged between piston 112 and the first housing 132, be communicated with to stop around the fluid of piston 112.Coolant material 130 can be arranged in the first chamber 110.Coolant material 130 can be provided in the first chamber 110 by for example filling mouth 118.Coolant material 130 can at least be liquid form before cooling system 100 work.But in cooling system 100 courses of work, at least a portion coolant material 130 can evaporate, to form gaseous material, as will be described below in more detail.In the course of the work, coolant material 130 can flow out the first chamber 110 through nozzle 116.Nozzle 116 can be by pressure-sensitive block piece 117(for example, paper tinsel) cover or sealing, as the block piece 81 with reference to figure 1 is described in the above.
Fig. 4 B and 4C illustrate in running order cooling system 100.Fire-suppressant gas is by gas generator 20(Fig. 1-3 that are connected to cooling system 100) produce, fire-suppressant gas can be discharged housing 22 and be flowed into cooling system 100.Fire-suppressant gas can against be plate 124 form structure and flow, thereby increase fire-suppressant gas and discharge the pressure of housing 22 of plate 124 upstreams.The pressure of this increase can more effectively act on the coolant material 130 in the first chamber 110 by piston 112.In other words, the pressure of fire-suppressant gas can be against promoting piston 112 in the first chamber 110, thereby force piston 112 in the first chamber 110, move and press coolant material 130.Therefore, the size of plate 124 and corresponding opening 126 can be reduced, to cause that enough pressure moves piston 112.Due to the motion of piston 112, coolant material 130 can make block piece 117(Fig. 4 A of covering nozzles 116) pressurized breaking, thus make coolant material flow into the second chamber 120 of cooling system 100.Can flow through at least one opening 126 in plate 124 enter the second chamber 120 of at least a portion of fire-suppressant gas.The coolant material 130 of nozzle 116 of flowing through can contact the fire-suppressant gas in second chamber 120 of flowing through and make it cooling.According to related material (for example, coolant material 130 and extinguish material) and condition is (for example, temperature, pressure etc.), at least a portion of coolant material 130 gasifies can and contact fire-suppressant gas at discharge nozzle 116 time and becomes vaporific or gaseous state even substantially.This phase transformation can be removed heat from fire-suppressant gas, therefore can improve that it is cooling.Therefore, the combination of fire-suppressant gas and coolant material 130 (being the combination of liquid, gas or liquids and gases form) comparability is discharged from cooling system 100 through opening 140 with the temperature reducing in Exhaust Gas generator 20 and the temperature of the fire-suppressant gas that enters cooling system 100.The temperature of the reduction of fire-suppressant gas can be put forward its high fire extinguishing effect and can reduce or eliminate the injury (for example, burn) that can approach the people of fire extinguishing system when fire extinguishing system is activated.
If see in Fig. 4 C, piston 112 can continue motion through the first chamber 110, thereby force coolant material 130 to flow into the second chamber 120, until the pressure from fire-suppressant gas of piston 112 fully reduces or basic all liq coolant is forced to discharge from the first chamber 110 against promoting.
Multiple material can be used as coolant material 130.In one embodiment, coolant material can comprise at least one variable heat-absorbing material.Variable heat-absorbing material can comprise a kind of liquid, and described liquid can evaporate and/or decompose in the time contacting with the fire-suppressant gas producing by igniting gas generating material 52, and this can make fire-suppressant gas cooling.
In certain embodiments, variable heat-absorbing material can endothermic decomposition and/or evaporation, to form extra gaseous products, therefore increases the amount of the gaseous product producing.The increase of the amount of gaseous product can reduce the amount of the required gas generating material 52 of the normal work of fire-extinguishing apparatus.By reducing the required amount of gas generating material 52, the size of the gas generator 20 of fire-extinguishing apparatus can reduce, thereby reduces cost and/or the size of fire-extinguishing apparatus, and/or increases the extinguishing ability of fire-extinguishing apparatus.
Except coolant material 130 or as the part of coolant material 130, the first chamber 110 can be included in the one or more active fire extinguishing compounds that are generally used for fire extinguishing while contact with fire.The example of spendable chemism fire extinguishing compound comprises potassium acetate and alkali metal hydrogencarbonate.
For example, than the similar devices of other modes that lacks liquor kalii acetici, the weight ratio of potassium acetate and water is the weight approximately 40% that 30% solution can reduce the amount of required gas generating material 52 and the size of generator body 22 and theme fire-extinguishing apparatus, and first size in chamber 110 or the extinguishing ability of fire-extinguishing apparatus are not obviously changed.
Another embodiment of the cooling system 200 of fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention shown in Fig. 5.The cooling system 200 of Fig. 5 is similar to the cooling system 100 shown in Fig. 4 A to 4C and can comprises the first chamber 110, the second chamber 120 being limited at least in part by the second housing 122 being limited at least in part by the first housing 132 and be arranged in the piston 112 in the first chamber 110.The first chamber 110 can be filled with at least in part for example by mouthful 118 coolant materials that provide 130 are provided.One or more seal 114(for example, O type ring) can arrange around piston 112, to stop piston 112 fluid stream around.The second housing 122 can comprise for for example, with the connected flange 123 of gas generator (, above-mentioned gas generator 20), there is the plate 124 of at least one opening 126 that runs through it and discharge the opening 140 of fire-suppressant gas through it.But cooling system 200 is that with the difference of the cooling system 100 of Fig. 4 A to 4C cooling system 200 comprises around one or more openings 216 of the second housing 122 radial arrangement, for coolant material 130 is injected wherein.One or more openings 216 can be by pressure-sensitive block piece 217(for example, paper tinsel) cover, as described in the above with reference to block piece 81 and 117.
Although Fig. 4 A to 5 illustrates cooling system 100,200(, it has 110, the first contiguous the second chambeies 120 that limited at least in part by the second housing 122, chambeies 110, the first chamber that limited at least in part by the first housing 132) embodiment, the invention is not restricted to this.For example, the first chamber 110 can be arranged in second housing 122 in the second chamber 120 at least in part.By another example, the second chamber 120 can be arranged in the first housing 132 at least in part.By an example again, the first chamber 110 can be at least in part laterally around the second chamber 120.Other exemplary embodiments of cooling system 300,400,500 of the present invention are also being described in more detail shown in Fig. 6 A to 8 below.
With reference to figure 6A, cooling system 300 can comprise the first chamber 310(of being limited at least in part by the first housing 332, and it has the coolant material 130 being arranged in wherein).The second chamber 320 being limited at least in part by the second housing 332 can be arranged in the first housing 332 and the first chamber 310 at least in part.Piston 312 can be arranged in the first chamber 310, and can be laterally around the part of the second housing 322 that limits the second chamber 320.One or more seal 314(for example, O type ring) can be arranged between piston 312 and the first housing 322 and between piston 312 and the second housing 322, be communicated with to stop around the fluid of piston 312.The first housing 332 can comprise flange 323, for being connected with gas generator.The plate 324 with at least one opening 326 that runs through it can be arranged in the second chamber 320.The second housing 322 can comprise the one or more openings 316 that run through it, thereby between the first and second chambeies 310,320, provides fluid to be communicated with.One or more openings 316 can be by such as foil of pressure-sensitive block piece 317() cover, to stop the fluid through one or more openings 316 in the time that cooling system 300 is not worked to be communicated with.
If see in Fig. 6 A and 6B, in the time that fire-suppressant gas is introduced in the bottom of cooling system 300 (in the time observing in the perspective view of Fig. 6 A and 6B), fire-suppressant gas can be against promoting piston 312, thereby force it to move through the first chamber 310.One or more openings 326 at least some flowed through plates 324 of fire-suppressant gas also enter the second chamber 320.The motion of piston 312 can force coolant material 130 to cause block piece 317 to break and flow into the second chamber 320, to mix and make it cooling with the fire-suppressant gas in second chamber of flowing through.Therefore, as above, fire-suppressant gas can be cooled by coolant material 130 before or after discharging from cooling system 300.
Fig. 7 illustrates according to another embodiment of the cooling system 400 of fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention.Cooling system 400 shown in Fig. 7 is similar to the cooling system 300 shown in Fig. 6 A to 6B and can comprises that 310, the first chambeies 310, the first chamber that limited at least in part by the first housing 332 are at least in part laterally around the second chamber 320 being limited at least in part by the second housing 322.Coolant material 130 can be arranged in the first chamber 310.Extensible second housing 322 that passes of one or more openings 316, to provide fluid to be communicated with between the first and second chambeies 310,320.Block piece 317 can cover one or more openings 316, as above.The plate 324 with at least one opening 326 that runs through it can be arranged in the second chamber 320.But cooling system 400 does not comprise piston.On the contrary, cooling system 400 can comprise the extra one or more openings 406 that covered by another block piece 407 through the second housing 322, and another block piece 407 is similar to above-mentioned block piece 81,117,217,317.Extra one or more openings 406 can be positioned in the stream before plate 324, to flow through, the fire-suppressant gas of cooling system 400 can make another block piece 407 break and enter the first chamber 310 so that pressurize in the first chamber 310, and causes coolant material 130 that block piece 317 is broken and pass through opening 316 flowing into the second chamber 320.Therefore, coolant material 130 can, before discharging cooling system 400, as described above, mix with the fire-suppressant gas in second chamber 320 of flowing through, and make it cooling.
Fig. 8 illustrates according to another embodiment of the cooling system 500 of fire-extinguishing apparatus of the present invention.Cooling system 500 shown in Fig. 8 is similar to the cooling system 300 shown in Fig. 6 A to 6B and can comprises that 310, the first chambeies 310, the first chamber that limited at least in part by the first housing 332 are at least in part laterally around the second chamber 320 being limited at least in part by the second housing 322.Coolant material 130 can be arranged in the first chamber 310.Extensible second housing 322 that passes of one or more openings 316, to provide fluid to be communicated with between the first and second chambeies 310,320.Block piece 317 can cover one or more openings 316, as above.The plate 324 with at least one opening 326 that runs through it can be arranged in the second chamber 320.But cooling system 500 does not comprise piston.On the contrary, cooling system can comprise the perforated plate 508 at the longitudinal end place that is arranged in the first chamber 310 that approaches fire smothering gas body source (for example, gas generator 20 as above) most.The hole of perforated plate 508 can be called as at least one extra opening.The extra block piece 507 that is similar to above-mentioned block piece 81,117,217,317,407 can cover perforated plate 508.The fire-suppressant gas of cooling system 500 of flowing through can make extra block piece 507 break, and enters the first chamber 310 through perforated plate 508.Fire-suppressant gas can make the first chamber 310 pressurize and cause coolant material 130 that block piece 317 is broken and pass through opening 316 flowing into the second chamber 320.Therefore, coolant material 130 can, before discharging cooling system 500, as described above, mix with the extinguish material in second chamber 320 of flowing through, and make it cooling.
The present invention includes the method for extinguishing by cooling gas.Fire-suppressant gas can flow into the first chamber and second chamber of cooling system.The first chamber and the second chamber can be closer to each other.Fire-suppressant gas can be pushed against piston in the first chamber so that piston movement, thereby the coolant material in the first chamber is flowed in the second chamber from the first chamber.Coolant material can mix with the fire-suppressant gas in the second chamber, so that fire-suppressant gas is cooling.As with reference in figure 4A to 8, any is described, can carry out the cooling of fire-suppressant gas in the above.
The present invention also comprises the method for putting out a fire.This method can comprise and produce fire-suppressant gas with gas generating material, as above, and makes fire-suppressant gas cooling.By making the fire-suppressant gas cooling system of flowing through, fire-suppressant gas can be cooled.Fire-suppressant gas can force coolant material to flow into the second chamber from the first chamber, to mix with fire-suppressant gas and to make fire-suppressant gas cooling.In certain embodiments, fire-suppressant gas can force piston to move in the first chamber, so that coolant material pressurization, and makes its nozzle or lead to the opening in the second chamber of flowing through.After coolant material and fire-suppressant gas mixing, the mixture producing can be discharged from the second chamber.Mixture is drawn towards fire and/or is discharged into and wherein has fiery space, to put out a fire.As described referring to figs. 1 to 3, can produce fire-suppressant gas in the above.With reference to what in figure 4A to 8, any was described in the above, can extinguishing by cooling gas.
Although the present invention can make various modification and alternative form, specific embodiment is illustrated and is here explained by example in the accompanying drawings.But the present invention does not expect to be limited to particular form disclosed herein.On the contrary, all modification, combination, equivalent and the substitute that fall in the scope of the invention are contained in the present invention, and scope of the present invention is limited by claims and its legal equivalents.
Claims (20)
1. a fire-extinguishing apparatus, it comprises:
Housing, it has the gas generating material being arranged in wherein;
Starter, it is operationally connected with at least a portion of gas generating material and is configured at least a portion of igniting gas generating material, to form gas in the time that starter activates; With
Be arranged as the cooling system of contiguous housing, described cooling system comprises the first chamber and the second chamber, in the first chamber, be furnished with coolant material, wherein when in response to discharge housing gas pressure and while activating, the at least a portion that causes coolant material flows into the second chamber from the first chamber, so that the gas of housing is discharged in contact, and makes this gas cooled.
2. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, it also comprises the piston being arranged in the first chamber, described piston is movable in the first chamber so that coolant material in response to discharge housing gas pressure and pressurize, and cause coolant material to flow into the second chamber from the first chamber.
3. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein piston also comprises at least one seal of arranging around piston, to stop fluid to flow between piston and the wall in the first chamber.
4. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein reacts to form pressure that gas produces for making piston movement and making a part for coolant material flow into the second chamber from the first chamber by least a portion of gas generating material.
5. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein coolant material comprises at least one variable heat-absorbing material.
6. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein variable heat-absorbing material comprises a kind of liquid, in the time contacting with the gas being formed by igniting gas generating material, there is at least one in evaporation and decomposition in described liquid.
7. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein variable heat-absorbing material forms extra gaseous product in the time contacting with the gas being formed by igniting gas generating material.
8. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein variable heat-absorbing material comprises water.
9. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein variable heat-absorbing material also comprises calcium chloride, propane diols, potassium acetate, and at least one in alkali metal hydrogencarbonate.
10. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, it also comprises at least one in opening and nozzle, at least one in described opening and nozzle is configured to coolant material stream to introduce the second chamber.
11. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 10, it also comprises at least one the extra opening that leads to the first chamber, forces at least a portion of coolant material to flow into the second chamber from the first chamber for the pressure that allows fire-suppressant gas.
12. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, it also comprises the structure being arranged in the second chamber, described structure is for increasing the pressure of the gas of discharging housing, to act on coolant material.
13. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said structure comprises the plate with at least one opening that runs through it.
14. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber is positioned to laterally be close to the second chamber.
15. fire-extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber is at least in part laterally around the second chamber.
16. 1 kinds of methods with fire-extinguishing apparatus fire extinguishing, described method comprises:
Igniting gas generating material, to form fire-suppressant gas;
Make fire-suppressant gas flow into the first chamber and second chamber of cooling system;
By forcing piston to move in the first chamber in response to the pressure of fire-suppressant gas, make coolant material flow into the second chamber from the first chamber of cooling system; With
Fire-suppressant gas is contacted, so that fire-suppressant gas is cooling with coolant material.
17. methods according to claim 16, it also comprises guides the composition of fire-suppressant gas and coolant material into fire.
18. 1 kinds of methods for extinguishing by cooling gas, described method comprises:
Make fire-suppressant gas flow into the first chamber and the second chamber that approaches the first chamber;
By the pressure of fire-suppressant gas is applied to piston, make to be arranged in the piston movement in the first chamber;
In response to the motion of piston, the coolant material that makes to be arranged in the first chamber flows into the second chamber from the first chamber; With
Fire-suppressant gas is contacted in the second chamber, so that fire-suppressant gas is cooling with coolant material.
19. methods according to claim 18, it also comprises igniting gas generating material, to form fire-suppressant gas.
20. methods according to claim 18, wherein make coolant material make water mobile comprising, calcium chloride, and propane diols, potassium acetate, at least one in alkali metal hydrogencarbonate and its composition flows.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2011/055091 WO2013052055A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2011-10-06 | Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103826704A true CN103826704A (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| CN103826704B CN103826704B (en) | 2016-10-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180073596.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103826704B (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2011-10-06 | The generation gas type fire extinguishing system of liquid strengthening and correlation technique |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2763751A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6216319B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103826704B (en) |
| AU (2) | AU2011378460B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2849009C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013052055A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111617410A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-04 | 湖北及安盾消防科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013052055A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
| AU2016216605B2 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
| AU2016216605A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
| JP6216319B2 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
| CN103826704B (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| AU2011378460A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
| AU2011378460B2 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
| JP2014528322A (en) | 2014-10-27 |
| EP2763751A1 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| CA2849009A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
| CA2849009C (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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