CN103826132B - Moving image decoding apparatus and dynamic image decoding method - Google Patents
Moving image decoding apparatus and dynamic image decoding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103826132B CN103826132B CN201410081638.2A CN201410081638A CN103826132B CN 103826132 B CN103826132 B CN 103826132B CN 201410081638 A CN201410081638 A CN 201410081638A CN 103826132 B CN103826132 B CN 103826132B
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Abstract
Dynamic image encoding device carries out motion compensated predictive coding to moving image, possesses：Obtaining section, obtains the quantity as available piece and above-mentioned available piece of the block with motion vector from the block that finishes of coding adjoining with coded object block；Selector, the block finishing from coding is 1 selection block of selection above-mentioned available piece；Selection information encoding section, using code table corresponding with above-mentioned available piece of quantity, encodes to the selection information determining above-mentioned selection block；And picture coding portion, the motion vector being had using above-mentioned selection block, motion compensated predictive coding is carried out to above-mentioned coded object block.
Description
The application is the Application No. 200980159915.4 that same applicant submitted on June 18th, 2009（PCT/
JP2009/061130）, the Chinese patent application of invention entitled " dynamic image encoding device and moving image decoding apparatus "
Divisional application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to obtaining motion vector and carry out the motion of compensation prediction according to the image that coding and decoding finish
Picture coding device and moving image decoding apparatus.
Background technology
One of technology used in coding as moving image, has motion compensated prediction.In motion compensated prediction,
Using the newly encoded encoded object image of hope with the local decoder image that obtained obtains fortune in dynamic image encoding device
Dynamic vector, and carry out motion compensation using this motion vector, thus generating prognostic chart picture.
As obtaining one of method of motion vector in motion compensated prediction, there is the motion using the block finishing from coding
The motion vector of the coded object block that vector is derived, generates the Direct Model of prognostic chart picture（With reference to Japanese Patent No. 4020789
And U.S. Patent No. 7233621）.In Direct Model, motion vector is not encoded it is possible to be cut down motion arrow
The size of code of amount information.In H.264/AVC middle employing Direct Model.
Content of the invention
In Direct Model, when prediction generates the motion vector of coded object block, by according to adjacent with coded object block
The method fixed that the median of the motion vector of the block that the coding connecing finishes calculates motion vector generates motion vector.Cause
This, the degree of freedom of motion vector computation is low.In addition, employing, in order to improve above-mentioned degree of freedom, the block finishing from multiple codings
Middle select the computational methods of motion vector of 1 in the case of, the block that the coding in order to go out selected by representing finishes is it is necessary to begin
The position of this block selects information to send as motion vector at last.Therefore, size of code is led to increase.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dynamic image encoding device and moving image decoding apparatus, from having encoded
Select 1 in complete block and improve the degree of freedom of motion vector computation, and cut down the additional information that motion vector selects information.
One mode of the present invention provides a kind of dynamic image encoding device, carries out motion compensated prediction volume to moving image
Code, this dynamic image encoding device possesses：Obtaining section, the block finishing from the coding adjoining with coded object block, obtain as tool
There is available piece and described available piece of block of motion vector of quantity；Selector, from the block finishing as coding
Described available piece in select 1 selection block；Selection information encoding section, using corresponding with described available piece of quantity
Code table, to determine described selection block selection information encode；And picture coding portion, had using described selection block
Motion vector motion compensated predictive coding is carried out to described coded object block.
The another way of the present invention provides a kind of moving image decoding apparatus, carries out motion compensated prediction solution to moving image
Code, this moving image decoding apparatus possesses：Selection information lsb decoder, is sweared according to as being adjoined with decoder object block and having motion
The quantity switch code table of available piece that solves code block of amount, is decoded to selection information；Motion vector selector, from
1 shown in the selection information having decoded by the described selection information lsb decoder arrow that moves is selected in described available piece
Amount；And picture decoding portion, using the motion vector selected by described motion vector selector, decoded object images are carried out
Motion compensated prediction decodes.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the dynamic image encoding device of embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the process step illustrating dynamic image encoding device.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the process step illustrating obtaining section/selector.
Fig. 4 A is the figure that the method for discrimination based on block size is described.
Fig. 4 B is the figure that the method for discrimination based on block size is described.
Fig. 4 C is the figure that the method for discrimination based on block size is described.
Fig. 5 is the figure illustrating based on unidirectional or bi-directional predicted method of discrimination.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the process step illustrating selection information encoding section.
Fig. 7 is an example of the index of selection information.
Fig. 8 is an example of the code table of selection information.
Fig. 9 is the outline of syntactic constructs.
Figure 10 is the data configuration of macroblock layer.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of the moving image decoding apparatus of embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the flow chart of the process step illustrating moving image decoding apparatus.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, referring to the drawings, embodiments of the present invention are described.
With reference to Fig. 1, the dynamic image encoding device of an embodiment is described.Subtractor 101 is configured to calculate input fortune
The difference of motion video signal 11 and prediction image signal 15 simultaneously exports predictive error signal 12.The outfan of subtractor 101 via
Quadrature transformer 102 and quantizer 103 are connected to variable length coder 111.Quadrature transformer 102 is to from subtractor
101 predictive error signal 12 carries out orthogonal transformation, generates orthogonal transform coefficient, and quantizer 103 is carried out to orthogonal transform coefficient
Quantify, output quantization orthogonal transform coefficient information 13.Variable length coder 111 positive alternation to the quantization carrying out quantizer 103
Change coefficient information 13 and carry out variable length code.
The outfan of quantizer 103 is connected to adder 106 via inverse quantizer 104 and inverse orthogonal transformation device 105.Inverse
Quantizer 104 carries out re-quantization to quantifying orthogonal transform coefficient information 13, is transformed to orthogonal transform coefficient.Inverse orthogonal transformation device
Orthogonal transform coefficient is transformed to predictive error signal by 105.The predictive error signal to inverse orthogonal transformation device 105 for the adder 106
Carry out additive operation with prediction image signal 15, generate local decoder picture signal 14.The outfan of adder 106 is deposited via frame
Reservoir 107 is connected to motion compensated predictor 108.
Frame memory 107 preserves local decoder picture signal 14.The motion compensation that configuration part 114 sets coded object block is pre-
Survey pattern（Predictive mode）.Predictive mode is included using the single directional prediction of 1 width reference picture picture and double using 2 width reference picture pictures
To prediction.Single directional prediction includes L0 prediction and the L1 prediction of AVC.Motion compensated predictor 108 possesses predictor 109 and obtains
Portion/selector 110.Obtaining section/selector 110, according to the block that finishes of coding adjoining with coded object block, is obtained as having
Available piece of the block of motion vector and above-mentioned available piece of quantity, selects 1 selection block from available piece.
Motion compensated predictor 108 generates according to local decoder picture signal 14 and input motion picture signal 11 from frame memory 107
Prediction image signal 15.Obtaining section/selector 110 selects 1 block from the adjacent block adjoining with coded object block（Selection block）.Example
As the block with suitable motion vector that will abut against in block is chosen as selection block.Selection block is had by obtaining section/selector 110
Some motion vectors are chosen as the motion vector 16 for motion compensated prediction, and are sent to predictor 109.In addition, obtaining section/
Selector 110 generates the selection information 17 of selection block, and is sent to variable length coder 111.
Variable length coder 111 has selection information encoding section 112.Selection information encoding section 112 is with code table
There is the mode switch code table with the record of the quantity equal amount of the block of the available block of the block finishing as coding, and
Variable length code is carried out to selection information 17.Available piece refers in the block that the coding being adjoined with coded object block is finished
, the block with motion vector.Multiplexer（Multiplexer）Quantization orthogonal transform coefficient information after 113 pairs of codings and choosing
The information of selecting is multiplexed, outputting encoded data.
With reference to the flow chart of Fig. 2, the effect of the dynamic image encoding device of said structure is described.
First, generate predictive error signal 12（S11）.In the generation of this predictive error signal 12, select motion vector,
Using selected go out motion vector generate prognostic chart picture.The signal calculating this prognostic chart picture by subtractor 101 is prognostic chart
As the difference of signal 15 and input motion picture signal 11, thus generating predictive error signal 12.
Orthogonal transformation is implemented to predictive error signal 12 by quadrature transformer 102, generates orthogonal transform coefficient（S12）.
By quantizer 103, orthogonal transform coefficient is quantified（S13）.By inverse quantizer 104 to the orthogonal transformation system after quantifying
Number information carries out re-quantization（S14）, afterwards, inverse orthogonal transformation is carried out by inverse orthogonal transformation device 105, obtains the prediction regenerating by mistake
Difference signal（S15）.In adder 106, by addition fortune is carried out to the predictive error signal of regeneration and prediction image signal 15
Calculate, generate local decoder picture signal 14（S16）.Local decoder picture signal 14 is saved to frame memory 107（As reference
Image）（S17）, it is imported into motion compensated predictor 108 from the local decoder picture signal of frame memory 107 reading.
The predictor 109 of motion compensated predictor 108 uses motion vector 16 to local decoded image signal（Reference picture
Picture）Carry out motion compensated prediction, generate prediction image signal 15.In order to obtain the difference with input motion picture signal 11, in advance
Altimetric image signal 15 is sent to subtractor 101, and then is also delivered to adder to generate local decoder picture signal 14
106.
Obtaining section/selector 110 selects 1 motion vector used in motion compensated prediction from adjacent block, will be selected
The motion vector 16 selected out is sent to predictor 109, generates selection information 17.Selection information 17 is sent to selection information coding
Portion 112.When selecting motion vector from adjacent block, suitable motion vector as size of code can be selected to diminish.
Orthogonal transform coefficient information 13 after being quantified by quantizer 103 is also inputted to variable length coder 111, and enforcement can
Become length coding（S18）.Select information 17 used in obtaining section/selector 110, output campaign compensation prediction, and input
To selection information encoding section 112.Select information encoding section 112 in, using have in code table with as and coded object block
The mode adjoining and having the equal record of quantity of available piece of the block that the coding of motion vector finishes of quantity switches
Code table, carries out variable length code to selection information 17.By multiplexer 113 to the amount from variable length coder 111
Change orthogonal transform coefficient information and selection information is multiplexed, the bit stream of outputting encoded data 18（S19）.Coded data 18
It is sent to preservation system (not shown) or transmitting path.
In the flowchart of fig. 2, the flow process of the flow process of step S14～S17 and step S18 and S19 can be replaced.That is,
Then variable length code step S18 and de-multiplexing steps S19 can be carried out by quantization step S13, and de-multiplexing steps S19 is carried out
Inverse quantization step S14～storing step S17.
Next, using the flow chart shown in Fig. 3, the effect of obtaining section/selector 110 is described.
First, with reference to frame memory 107, that search is adjoined with coded object block, complete as the coding with motion vector
Available piece of candidate of complete block（S101）.If searching available piece of candidate, differentiate these available piece time
The block size of the motion compensated prediction mended（S102）.Next, differentiating that available piece of candidate is unidirectional or bi-directional predicted
（S103）.According to the predictive mode differentiating result and coded object block, extract available piece from available piece of candidate out.From
Select 1 selection block in available piece being extracted out, obtain the information alternatively information determining selection block（S104）.
Next, reference picture 4A～4C, the differentiation of block size is described（S102）.
Used in present embodiment, adjacent block is in the left side of coded object block coded object block, upper left, upper, upper right
Block.Therefore, be located at the upper left of frame in coded object block in the case of, due to not available with what coded object block adjoined
Block, so cannot be to this coded object block application present invention.In the case that coded object block is in the upper end of picture, can be utilized
Block be only 1 piece of left side, be the left end of picture and not in the case of right-hand member in coded object block, available piece of one-tenth
Upper, this 2 pieces of upper right for coded object block.
In the case that macroblock size is 16 × 16 sizes, the block size such as Fig. 4 A～4C of the motion compensated prediction of adjacent block
It is shown with 16 × 16 sizes, 16 × 8 sizes, 8 × 16 sizes, this 4 kinds of 8 × 8 sizes.When considering these 4 kinds, can become
Available piece of adjacent block is 20 kinds as shown in Fig. 4 A～4C.That is, under 16 × 16 sizes shown in Fig. 4 A be 4 kinds,
It is 6 kinds under 10 kinds, the 8x8 size shown in Fig. 4 C under 16 × 8 sizes shown in Fig. 4 B and 8 × 16 sizes.In block chi
Very little differentiation（S102）In, search for available piece according to block size from this 20 kinds block.For example, by available piece
In the case that size is set to only 16 × 16, available piece determined under this block size is 16 × 16 sizes as shown in Figure 4 A
4 kinds of blocks.That is, available piece is the block of upper left side of coded object block, the block of the upside of coded object block, coded object block
The block in left side and coded object block upper right side block.In addition, being extended to more than 16 × 16 sizes for macroblock size
Situation, also with macroblock size be 16 × 16 sizes situation in the same manner as can obtain available piece.For example, in macroblock size
In the case of being 32 × 32 sizes, the block size of the motion compensated prediction of adjacent block have 32 × 32 sizes, 32 × 16 sizes, 16 ×
This 4 kinds of 32 sizes, 16 × 16 sizes, the adjacent block that can become available piece is 20 kinds.
Next, with reference to Fig. 5, enumerate example come to illustrate by obtaining section/selector 110 carry out unidirectional or bi-directional predicted
Differentiation（S103）.
For example, block size is limited to 16 × 16, for coded object block, adjacent the unidirectional or bi-directional predicted of block is
Situation as shown in Figure 5.In unidirectional or bi-directional predicted differentiation（S103）In, available according to the direction search of prediction
Block.For example, available piece determining the adjacent block including prediction direction L0 is set on prediction direction.That is, Fig. 5（a）
Shown, coded object block upper, left and right on block available piece determining is become on prediction direction.In this situation
Under, do not use the block of the upper left of coded object block.If the adjacent block including prediction direction L1 is set to sentence by Forecasting Methodology
Available piece making, then Fig. 5（b）The block of the shown, upper left of coded object block and upside becomes in prediction direction
Available piece determining.In this case, a left side for coded object block and the block of upper right are not used.If prediction will be included
The adjacent block of direction L0/L1 is set to available piece determining by Forecasting Methodology, then only Fig. 5（c）Shown, coded object
The block of the upside of block becomes available piece determining in prediction direction.In this case, do not use coded object block
The block of a left side, upper left and upper right.In addition, prediction direction L0（L1）Corresponding to the L0 prediction in AVC（L1 predicts）Prediction direction.
Next, with reference to the flow chart shown in Fig. 6, selection information encoding section 112 is described.
From the adjacent block adjoining with coded object block, that searches for the block finishing as the coding with motion vector can be sharp
Block, obtains block size and the available block message determining in unidirectional or bi-directional predicted（S201）.Using this
Available block message, carries out the switching of code table corresponding with available piece of quantity as shown in Figure 8（S202）.Make
With the code table after switching, variable length code is carried out to the selection information 17 sending from obtaining section/selector 110（S203）.
Next, with reference to Fig. 7, an example of the index of selection information is described.
In such as Fig. 7（a）Shown there is no available piece in the case of, the present invention may not apply to this block, so not sending out
Send to be elected the information of selecting.In such as Fig. 7（b）In the case that shown available piece is 1, use in the motion compensation of coded object block
Available piece of motion vector uniquely determine, so not sending selection information.In such as Fig. 7（c）Shown available
In the case that block is 2, send the selection information of index 0 or 1.In such as Fig. 7（d）Shown available piece is the feelings of 3
Under condition, send the selection information of index 0,1 or 2.In such as Fig. 7（e）In the case that shown available piece is 4, send
The selection information of index 0,1,2 or 3.
In addition, an example of the addition method as available piece of index, left, left according to coded object block
Upper, the upper, order of upper right, the example that available piece be addition of with index is as shown in Figure 7.That is, remove the block that do not use and right
The continuous additional index of block being used.
Next, with reference to Fig. 8, the code table of selection information 17 is described.
In selecting information encoding section 112, carry out the switching of code table according to available piece of quantity（S202）.As above
Described, what needs were encoded to selection information 17 is the situation that available piece is more than 2.
First, in the case of being 2 at available piece, index needs 0 and 1, and code table becomes shown in the left side of Fig. 8
Table.In the case of being 3 at available piece, index becomes 0,1,2, and code table becomes the table shown in the central authorities of Fig. 8.Can profit
In the case that block is 4, index needs 0,1,2,3, code table becomes the table shown in the right side of Fig. 8.According to available
The quantity of block, switches these code tables.
Next, the coded method of explanation selection information.
Fig. 9 is shown in the outline of the construction of grammer used in present embodiment.Grammer is mainly made up of 3 parts,
High Level Syntax801（High-level syntax）It is received in the syntactic information of the above upper layer of section.In Slice Level
Syntax804（Slice-level grammer）In, there is required information for each bright note of cutting into slices, in Macroblock Level
Syntax807（Macroblock level syntax）In, there are the error signal after required variable length code, pattern for the bright note of each macro block
Information etc..
These syntaxes respectively by more detailed Grammatical composition, in High Level Syntax801, by Sequence
parameter set syntax（Time sequence parameter group grammer）802 and Picture parameter set syntax（Picture is joined
Array grammer）The sequences such as 803, the Grammatical composition of picture level.In Slice Level Syntax804, by Slice header
syntax（Section head grammer）805、Slice data syntax（Slice of data grammer）806 grades are constituted.And then,
Macroblock Level Syntax807 is by macroblock layer syntax（Macroblock-layer syntax）808、macroblock
prediction syntax（Macroblock prediction grammer）809 grades are constituted.
Required syntactic information is macroblock layer syntax808 in the present embodiment, and language is below described
Method.
Figure 10（a）（b）Shown available_block_num represents available piece of quantity, is more than 2 at it
In the case of, need the coding of selection information.In addition, whether mvcopy_flag is to represent in motion compensated prediction using can profit
The mark of the motion vector of block, in the case that available piece is more than 1 and this mark is 1, can be in motion
Using available piece of motion vector in compensation prediction.And then, mv_select_info represents selection information, and code table is as above
Described.
Figure 10（a）Syntax to the situation that selection information is encoded after being shown in mb_type.In such as block size only
In the case of 16 × 16, if mb_type is not 16 × 16, need not be to mvcopy_flag and mv_select_info
Encoded.If mb_type is 16x16, mvcopy_flag and mv_select_info is encoded.
Figure 10（b）Grammer to the situation that selection information is encoded before being shown in mb_type.If for example
Mvcopy_flag is 1, then mb_type need not be encoded.If mv_copy_flag is 0, mb_type is compiled
Code.
In the present embodiment, for the scanning sequency of coding, can be arbitrary order.For example, row scanning, Z are swept
Retouch etc. and can apply the present invention.
With reference to Figure 11, the moving image decoding apparatus of other embodiment are described.
Using from the coded data 18 of the dynamic image encoding device of Fig. 1 output via the system of preservation or transmission system as
The coded data 21 of decoder object is input to the inverse multiplexing device 201 of moving image decoding apparatus.Inverse multiplexing device（Demultiplexer）
201 pairs of coded data 21 carry out inverse multiplexing, and coded data 21 is separated into quantization orthogonal transform coefficient information and selection information.
The outfan of inverse multiplexing device 201 is connected to variable-length decoder 202.Variable-length decoder 202 is to quantization orthogonal transformation system
Number information and selection information are decoded.By the outfan of variable-length decoder 202 via inverse quantizer 204 and against just
AC-AC converter 205 is connected to adder 206.Inverse quantizer 204 carries out re-quantization to quantifying orthogonal transform coefficient information, is transformed to
Orthogonal transform coefficient.Inverse orthogonal transformation device 205 carries out inverse orthogonal transformation to orthogonal transform coefficient, is generated as predictive error signal.
Predictive error signal is added to the prediction image signal from prognostic chart picture maker 207 by adder 206, generates moving image letter
Number.
Prognostic chart picture maker 207 includes predictor 208 and selector 209.Selector 209 is passed through by length-changeable decoding
The selection information 23 that info decoder 203 has decoded that selects of device 202 selects motion vector, is sent to selecting motion vector 25
Predictor 208.Predictor 208 carries out motion compensation by motion vector 25 to the reference picture picture preserving in frame memory 210, raw
Become prognostic chart picture.
With reference to the flow chart of Figure 12, the effect of the moving image decoding apparatus of said structure is described.
Inverse multiplexing is carried out to coded data 21 by inverse multiplexing device 201（S31）, carried out by variable-length decoder 202
Decoding, generating quantification orthogonal transform coefficient information 22（S32）.In addition, by selecting info decoder 203, investigation is right with decoding
As the state of the adjacent block that block adjoins, available piece according to the block finishing as the adjacent coding with motion vector
Quantity, in the same manner as the selection information encoding section 112 of code device, as shown in Figure 8 switch code table and be decoded.By
This, export selection information 23（S33）.
As export from variable decoder 202 information, quantify after orthogonal transform coefficient information 22 be sent to inverse
Quantizer 204, is sent to selector 209 as from information, the selection information 23 selecting information lsb decoder 203 output.
Re-quantization is carried out to quantifying orthogonal transform coefficient information 22 by inverse quantizer 204（S34）, afterwards, by against just
AC-AC converter 205 carries out inverse orthogonal transformation（S35）.Thus, obtain predictive error signal 24.In adder 206 to prediction by mistake
Difference signal 24 adds prediction image signal, thus regenerating motion image signal 27（S36）.The motion image signal 27 being regenerated is protected
It is stored to frame memory 210（S37）.
In prognostic chart picture maker 207, be used being selected by the selection information 23 being decoded, be used as and decoding
Object block adjoins and has available piece that both solves code block of motion vector of motion vector, generates prognostic chart picture 26.In choosing
Select in portion 209, investigation adjacent block state, the available block message according to adjacent block and by select information lsb decoder 203 solve
The selection information 23 that code goes out, in the same manner as the obtaining section/selector 110 of code device, selects 1 motion compensation from adjacent block
Motion vector used in prediction.The motion vector 25 selected using this, generates prognostic chart picture 26 by predictor 208, and
And in order to obtain motion image signal 27, prognostic chart picture 26 is sent to adder 206.
According to the present invention, by encoding to selection information corresponding with available piece of quantity, can be using suitable
The coding schedule closing, to send selection information, can cut down the additional information of selection information.
In addition, by the motion compensated prediction that available piece of motion vector is used for coded object block, can cut down
The additional information related to motion vector information.
And then, select 1 suitable block by not fixing motion vector calculating method from available piece, compared to straight
Connect pattern, the degree of freedom of motion vector computation uprises.
The maneuver of the present invention that embodiments of the present invention are recorded can be executed by computer, and, is also used as
The program of computer execution can be made, be saved in disk（Floppy disk, hard disk etc.）, CD（CD-ROM, DVD etc.）, semiconductor storage
The recording mediums such as device and issue.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, can make in the range of without departing from its main idea in implementation phase
Element deforms and embodies.Furthermore it is possible to by the suitable combination of elements multiple disclosed in above-mentioned embodiment,
Form various inventions.For example, it is also possible to delete several elements all elements shown in from embodiment.And then,
The element of different embodiments can also suitably be combined.
Industrial applicability
Assembly of the invention is used in the image Compression in communication, preservation and broadcast.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of moving image decoding apparatus, carry out motion compensation decoding to moving image, and this device possesses：
Obtaining section, finishes block from the decoding adjoining with decoder object block, obtains available piece and the institute with motion vector
State available piece of quantity；
Selection information lsb decoder, using code table corresponding with described available piece of quantity to described available piece of determination
Selection information be decoded, wherein, when available piece of quantity be 1 when, selection information is not decoded；
Selector, according to described selection information, selects 1 selection block from described available piece；And
Picture decoding portion, the motion vector being had using described selection block, motion compensated prediction is carried out to described decoder object block
Decoding.
2. a kind of dynamic image decoding method, carries out motion compensation decoding to moving image, and methods described has：
Finish block from the decoding adjoining with decoder object block, obtain available piece with motion vector and described can be utilized
Block quantity；
Using code table corresponding with described available piece of quantity, the selection information determining described available piece is carried out
Decoding, wherein, when available piece of quantity is 1, is not decoded to selection information；
According to described selection information, select 1 selection block from described available piece；And
The motion vector being had using described selection block, carries out motion compensated prediction decoding to described decoder object block.
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| CN1650636A (en) * | 2002-04-26 | 2005-08-03 | 索尼株式会社 | Coding device and method, decoding device and method, recording medium, and program |
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