CN103825761A - On-board router simulation method of delay-tolerant network - Google Patents
On-board router simulation method of delay-tolerant network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an on-board router simulation method of a delay-tolerant network. The on-board router simulation method of the delay-tolerant network comprises the steps that (1) an on-board router model is constructed by combining a CCSDS and a DTNRG, and feasibility and validity verification is conducted in an OPNET; (2) conversion between a virtual data stream and a real data stream is achieved based on an SITL interface of the OPNET, and the processing capacity of a gateway is verified; (3) relevant inter-satellite and satellite-to-ground data in a network topology are obtained through an STK and are introduced into simulation software for simulation of an inter-planetary network; (4) relevant settings such as the delay and the error rate are conducted on a network damage instrument, and a spatial link is simulated. The on-board router simulation method of the delay-tolerant network has the advantages that the on-board router model is provided by organizing existing space communication protocol systems, and preparation is made for realizing a DTN protocol system in China and studying the key technology of a spatial information network; due to the combination of software and hardware, real simulation of the environment of a satellite network is achieved, and the adaptability of an on-board router to the spatial environment can be verified easily.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to satellite network technology and the large field of computer technology two, be specifically related to router emulation mode on a kind of star that postpones tolerable network.
Background technology
Current China aerospace industry enters the develop rapidly phase, and the value volume and range of product of China's transmitting aerospace craft had significantly more in the past to be increased, and what applied in space technology and space develops the active demand of having researched and proposed to spatial network rapidly.The immense success of terrestrial interconnection net makes people naturally and understandably expect the mode of operation of terrestrial interconnection net to move in spatial network, the advantage of terrestrial interconnection net IP protocol architecture be technology maturity high, can greatly reduce space flight cost, be easy to upgrading.Calendar year 2001, U.S. Ge Dade has carried out space center the research project [1] of OMNI by name, commercial IP agreement implementation space, main research and utilization ground communication plan.Although space IP protocol architecture can meet the communication between ground and near-earth orbit spacecraft substantially, Transmission Control Protocol is the agreement based on end-to-end re-transmission, need to suppose that transmission delay is very little, is not inconsistent with deep space communication.In addition the ground Routing Protocol of realizing according to hierarchical approaches, is not suitable for the operating environment of deep space communication.
Consultative committee for space data system (CCSDS) set up in nineteen eighty-two, had issued a series of suggestions from physical layer to application layer for space link at present.CCSDS, for space environment feature, carries out corresponding improvement to ground standard ICP/IP protocol, has developed a set of Space communication protocols standard (SCPS) [2] of network layer to application layer that contain, and has solved comparatively all sidedly spatial information transmission problem.For the feature of deep space communication, CCSDS agreement has also proposed corresponding solution, as CCSDS file transfer protocol (FTP) CFDP[3].But the deep space communication environment that SCPS is of great rarity for the communication resource, does not propose concrete routing algorithm; Transmitting is still to adopt first to connect to transmit afterwards the pattern of data; Select retransmission mechanism to remain based on retransmitting end to end.CFDP agreement is only defined in file transfer applications, and solution is thorough not, lacks more perfect application service, and the architecture of considering from interspace interconnected angle is sufficiently complete.
1998 NASA jet propulsion laboratory (JPL) some engineers and one of network pioneer---Vint Cerf has started about interspace network (Interplanetary Network, IPN) research, its basic idea is that the data communication between the earth and the far spaceship of distance can be simplified to as occurring between tellurian two nodes.Related personnel developed afterwards set up the special interest group of Internet association, namely IPNSIG[4].But, it is exactly also not have now so interspace network to test that IPNSIG has run into a problem, and it is very expensive to set up interspace network, so beginning one's study, some people how the concept of IPN is embodied in the application of land, particularly sensor network, it has a lot of general character with the IPN network of hypothesis, and the test of sensor network is simultaneously easy to carry out (having the material base of test).For this reason, IRTF seminar (Internet research task f roce) has set up new working group and has found more general delay tolerable network, this working group is called DTNRG (DTN research group) [5], be the main open tissue of present DTN architecture and agreement research, and submitted multinomial draft and the standard including DTN architecture [6] to IETF.For solving the transmitting problem under deep space environment, JPL has submitted to the draft agreement Lieklider host-host protocol [7] of a support DTN network to substitute IP agreement and Transmission Control Protocol in December, 2002.At the beginning of 2004, U.S. national defense subordinate's DARPA (Defence Advanced Research Project s Agency) proposes Disruption Tolerant Networking, also referred to as DTN[8].So, sometimes not only represent to postpone tolerable network with DTN, also represent to postpone to interrupt tolerable network.
In recent years, also produce the thought that CCSDS protocol architecture combines with space IP protocol architecture, still can use CCSDS suggestion in data link layer exactly, as packet telemetry, subpackage remote control, AOS, Proximity etc., network layer application IP and expansion technique thereof, transport layer and application layer are selected commercial criterion agreement or CCSDS agreement.This solution has protocol configuration ability comparatively flexibly, but does not fundamentally eliminate space IP protocol architecture and the inherent shortcoming of current C CSDS protocol architecture in deep space communication, the adapted to perception of protocol stack a little less than, still face many challenges.
IP, CCSDS, tri-kinds of protocol architectures of DTN are not simple technology evolution, but comply with mutually and deposit.The improvement that the mature technology of terrestrial interconnection net TCP/IP and the application verification of space IP are CCSDS suggestion provides clear and definite direction, and the protocol architecture that CCSDS combines with IP becomes the huge advantage of performance TCP/IP the basic solution route of energy meeting spatial communicating requirement.DTN protocol architecture can be by integrating the above two layered protocols and self agreement to solve the transmitting problem under the heterogeneous condition of space environment isomery.But DTN agreement has obvious difference: the one, DTN compared with the above two does not suppose the end-to-end path that has transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, parcel adopts the method for storage forwarding to transmit; The 2nd, DTN has introduced so-called " integument (Bundle Layer) " as the cover layer that connects different limited networks, and the asynchronous message that adopts the node of this covering to rely on transmission to be called " parcel " communicates.Integument provides the function similar with Interworking GateWay, but it concentrates on empty message forwarding rather than packet switching.
At present, on satellite, communication equipment has generally only been realized the function forwarding and there is no the function of route, and satellite repeater is divided into transparent mode transponder and regenerative repeater.Transparent mode transponder has the functions such as signal amplification, down-conversion; Regenerative repeater has the functions such as radio frequency beam exchange, demodulation-modulate again, base band exchange, multi-access mode conversion, to reduce transmission error rate, raises the efficiency, and eliminates and disturbs, and reduces propagation delay time, improves switching performance.That the earliest router is brought up to satellite is OMNI[1], directly existing business telecommunication agreement is accepted or rejected, combined, make it to adapt to operating environment and the communication requirement of space mission, by utilizing ready-made soft and hardware resource to reduce cost, the raising interoperability of space mission, the module that only need increase a channel error correction encoder/decoder after radio-frequency apparatus can be joined with commercial routers, directly the IP that has carried user data is wrapped in to transmission over networks.2002, intelligence department of the U.S., Ministry of National Defence, NASA have started Communication Studies transition (TCS) jointly, after 18 months, this joint study group has formulated communication architecture transition (TCA) baseline 1.0[9], wherein foremost no more than TSAT plan, estimate to adopt full laser cross link and TSAT router to build space backbone network, although this project is cancelled, the general frame of TCA does not become [10-11] substantially.U.S. Department of Defense in 2007 (IRIS) plans to list in Joint Capability Technology Demonstration by " space internet router " and verifies financial budget, IRIS JCTD further opens warfighting concepts, tactics, technology and the method for this new network center ability by the router carrying on a Syncom satellite, experimental result can better be pointed out this satellite communication network ability of future generation [12-15].The advantage of IRIS maximum is to simplify intersatellite communication, reduces the delay of audio transmission.Under traditional satellite transmission mode, though original only at a distance of several miles between flagship and destroyer, but the communication between them need to be transmitted several and could be arrived destination between different satellites and ground network.IRIS plan can send IP packet between the satellite in space, the similar ground the Internet of operation principle, and this just reduces the delay that data transmit, and saves satellite communication broadband, and higher network flexibility is provided.Because this technology can improve military satellite communication efficiency and reduce costs, equip the army poor, scale is less and just can truly use the various functions of central site network for the first time.IRIS promises to undertake the better adaptability of flow, reduces the cost of each byte and provide higher flow for equipping poor army.
As can be seen here, on star, router, still in conceptual phase, does not become the ripe load on star.Be to verify that towards the target that postpones router emulation on the star of tolerable network on star, router is for the applicability of space environment, its difficult point does not lie in router itself, and is the authenticity of satellite network environmental simulation.The emulation mode of satellite network and the network equipment thereof mainly contains both at home and abroad at present:
(1), the network simulation based on software.Adoption Network simulation software carries out modeling analysis to the network equipment and network environment.Conventional have OPNET and NS2 software.OPNET is supported in the Accurate Model of network equipment at all levels, link and agreement, and performance and behavior that can accurate analysis complex network, can reflect more truly network environment, more in engineering and business application.The emulation of NS2 is comparatively abstract, is suitable for the research of protocol algorithm, generally comparatively extensive in field of scientific study application.In addition, for the ONE software in addition that postpones tolerable network, ONE is open source software specially, from the angle of network simulation, and ONE energy simulating sports model, DTN route.From the angle of function, ONE is integrated a large amount of motion model and the specific implementation of routing algorithm, and be easy to expansion, but ONE is difficult to subtly equipment be carried out to emulation.
(2), semi-physical simulation.Adopt software (such as OPNET) to simulate network equipments such as real router, switches, network environment adopts software, hardware to coordinate and builds, adopt the form of PC+ simulation software to carry out emulation to router on star, adopt other software and hardware form to carry out emulation to network environment (comprising sourcesink).This method platform building is comparatively complicated, needs simulation software to have corresponding translation interface, but more can real simulation spatial network.
(3), router PC simulation on star.The exploitation communication software identical with the protocol stack structure of communication equipment on operation and star under PC platform, ground adopt software and hardware build network simulation environment and, the router under PC platform is tested.This method is virtual space network more truly, and the emulation cycle is very long, close to the verifying test system on ground, although equipment research/development platform on PC, but whole communication software overall framework in migration process does not change.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
Postpone a router emulation mode on the star of tolerable network, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The step of router modeling and simulation on star: set up router-modelle on star; In conjunction with the network hierarchical structure of CCSDS and DTNRG definition, build the protocol model that is applicable to router on star, and feasibility and the validity of the form that adopts software emulation to model is verified; On described star, router modeling and software emulation are to carry out based on OPNET, comprise nodes domains modeling, the modeling of process territory and the modeling of external system territory;
The step of the conversion of emulated data and True Data: will pass through the virtual data flow of checking under software emulation environment, be converted to real data flow, thereby the disposal ability of validation gateway to true stream, realize because gateway still adopts form of software, therefore specific implementation process comprises that emulated data arrives the translation interface of True Data and the True Data translation interface to emulated data; This step is carried out based on OPNET SITL interface, comprises the sub-step of synchronous, the intercepting and capturing of packet and the conversion of packet of time;
The simulation steps of satellite topology: generate constellation group net operation data according to the orbit parameter of each satellite, obtain the data such as interspace and satellite-ground link make-and-break time, chain circuit transmission time delay, and analysis obtains network topology structure delta data; In simulation software, input these data, build interspace network topology model, on this basis communication protocol between the star ground in interspace network, star is carried out to emulation; This step is to carry out based on STK, determines different satellites, thereby carry out the emulation of satellite network topology by define the parameter of satellite in STK;
The simulation steps of space link: simulate star ground, inter-satellite link, the analog interface of delay, these parameters of the error rate is provided, by these parameter configuration, observe the impact of different links on network performance; Specifically: adopt iTrinegy network harm instrument to simulate space link; All adopt Ethernet to be connected with network harm instrument in the computer of analog satellite router, in the .xml of network harm instrument configuration file, different time delays and error rate parameter are set, for simulating different space link parameters and link break-make.
Router emulation mode on above-mentioned a kind of star that postpones tolerable network, in described step 1, three modeling method specific implementation processes are as follows:
Modeling one: nodes domains modeling;
Being defined between transport layer and application layer adds additional Bundle layer, the adaptively selected SCPS-TP of transport layer or udp protocol, link layer to use IP OVER CCSDS AOS framework
Modeling two: process territory modeling; According to nodes domains model, need the process model of describing and realizing to comprise Bundle, SCPS-TP and IP OVER CCSDS AOS;
Bundle process model: Bundle initial transmission, forward rules, receive rules, schedule regulation,
Forward limited rules, retransmission failure rules, delete rules and local payment rules and processing behavior, described processing behavior comprises that agreement keeping, keeping discharge and take care of failed;
SCPS-TP process model: be similar to the realization of Transmission Control Protocol, two process models have been set up in the realization of SCPS-TP agreement, and one is managing process, and one for processing subprocess, managing process is and the interface process of levels that subprocess is the actual treatment process of SCPS-TP agreement; SCPS-TP controlled state process is responsible for receiving all orders of sending from application layer and lower floor, and enters different conditions according to order; SCPS-TP protocol processes subprocess is responsible for SCPS-TP agreement from establishing a connection to the whole process of closing connection, in different, receive which kind of processing data segment takes, represent the event that these are different with the state connecting, and SCPS-TP processing mode to various data segments under various states is described with state transition diagram;
IP OVER CCSDS AOS process model: first IP OVER CCSDS AOS managing process enters init state and carry out state variable assignment, then enters idle state and starts to process variety of event; When entering after idle state, process starts waiting event; In the time that event is interrupted for stream, first process reads into flow port; If from upper strata IP process, process enters from_upper state IP data is carried out to the encapsulation of AOS frame; If from the MAC of lower floor process, process enters from_lower state AOS frame is carried out to decapsulation and the IP data of recombinating; When event is in the time interrupting Polling_MPDU, process enters from_upper state the frame length of the current AOS frame that carries out encapsulation operation is judged, if not enough regular length of specifying, producing idle data inserts in MPDU bag district, to guarantee that AOS frame is as regular length, then call the IP OVER CCSDS AOS cycle to send subprocess this AOS frame is sent;
Modeling three: external system territory modeling; External system module is mainly used in collaborative simulation; Collaborative simulation is a kind of emulation by multiple emulation tool cooperation, is made up of Modeler model, association's simulation code and external code; Modeler model contains one or more external system definition, and external code can be a complete simulator or the communication agency that connects other operating system process, and both connect as one by association's simulation code; The realization of definition SITL part belongs to the modeling in external system territory, is first to write self-defining SITL function, then in SITL gateway module, selects to include the external file of this SITL transfer function; What SITL part needed realization is the support to Bundle, SCPS-TP and IP OVER CCSDS AOS agreement.
Router emulation mode on above-mentioned a kind of star that postpones tolerable network, in described step 1, the concrete method for building up of Bundle process model is as follows:
When process starts first by pre-initialize state until other process is ready to, then carry out some necessary initial work, be mainly initialization static routing table and other state variable and carry out the registration of Bundle node; After initialization completes, enter idle condition, this state is mainly the type that judgement is interrupted; If stream interrupts FROM_LOW, illustrate from lower layer procedure and receive data, determine it is application data or Bundle data according to transport layer port number, if transport layer port number is 550 explanations is Bundle data, need to send and take care of into function signal to keeping node, then wait for and pay reaching of interrupt signal; Otherwise being application data, now first needing to open corresponding transport layer and connect, from the synthesized gateway protocol stack model designing before, is mainly that UDP or SCPS-TP connect here; Connect to set up and carry out Bundle encapsulation afterwards, then insert keeping queue and wait for storage forwarding;
When Bundle source endpoint is with object end points apart from each other and only have interrupted being connected, the duration connecting is not enough to transmit whole Bundle, now as long as processing attribute field, the Bundle of basic block do not indicate this Bundle can not segmentation, just can carry out segment processing to Bundle, each fragment is packaged into a new Bundle and transmits; Each fragment all has identical source endpoint ID and creation-time stamp, indicates them to derive from same Bundle; Concrete segmentation form comprises initiatively segmentation and passive segmentation, adopts the initiatively method of segmentation herein, initiatively application data is divided into many less pieces by Bundle process, and then is packaged into Bundle by each and transmits; Now, destination node will be extracted the application data of these fritters and recombinate and obtain complete application data from the Bundle receiving; The restructuring of Bundle is according to the indication of field offset amount and loaded length, and the section load all that receive and present segments to same endpoints ID and creation-time stamp links up; If the application data until total length that the length of the array of bytes of composition equals to indicate in basic block, the application data until of recombinating by this array of bytes so replaces the load of present segment, and the load of every section is the subset of the application data until after restructuring;
If certainly interrupt FROM_ROUTER, now call routing module and calculate down hop node;
If certainly interrupt STATE_IND, now the Bundle packet of receiving is carried out to decapsulation and restructuring, then consign to object node;
If certainly interrupt RETRANS, now take out the Bundle packet in keeping queue and be forwarded to down hop node.
Router emulation mode on above-mentioned a kind of star that postpones tolerable network, in the step of the conversion of described emulated data and True Data, synchronous, the intercepting and capturing of packet of time and the concrete grammar of the conversion of packet are as follows:
Because SITL module has been added two special models, gateway node and link model, need to import to virtual simulated environment by the packet running in true protocol stack, comprising:
Step 1: time synchronous;
Simulation time is synchronizeed with system time;
Step 2: the intercepting and capturing of packet;
Adopt the auxiliary packet catcher of WinPcap to catch raw data packets, analyze on this basis the type of agreement according to datagram header, and then realize the filtration of bag;
Step 3: the conversion of packet;
In the time that SITL module receives packet, no matter be from the true bag of physical system or from the virtual package of analogue system, all first attempt packet format and affiliated agreement thereof to judge, by with the mating of transfer function, find suitable transfer function, and call it packet is changed;
In the time that emulation starts, first SITL calls initialization function and loads all conversion/detection functions pair; If there is packet to arrive, WinPcap packet catcher is by its intercepting and capturing and send to SITL gateway node, and SITL calls conversion entrance function and carrys out translation data bag, first calls under normal circumstances the transfer function of basic packet format; If this packet is nested with the packet of other type, the transfer function that transfer function can call this data field is so changed next layer data bag, until be converted to the top-level protocol setting.
Router emulation mode on above-mentioned a kind of star that postpones tolerable network, the simulation steps of described satellite topology is that the parameter by define satellite in STK is determined different satellites, thereby carries out the emulation of satellite network topology, comprises
Arrange one: the base attribute setting of satellite;
The base attribute of satellite is set: track, attitude, track breakpoint, quality, description, figure, attribute,, displaying time, confinement time;
Arrange two: the setting of definition satellite orbit;
Utilization arranges orbit parameter and determines the size of satellite orbit, shape, track orientation and satellite position in orbit, mainly comprises: semi-major axis, apogee radius, altitude of the apogee, recursion period, every day the track number of turns, eccentricity, perigee radius, orbit inclination angle, right ascension of ascending node, argument of perigee, true anomaly, mean anomaly, partially angle, perigee, the argument of latitude, spend the ascending node time, perigee passage time.
Router emulation mode on above-mentioned a kind of star that postpones tolerable network, also comprises the step of the test of a network performance, selects at random iperf test module or VLC_media_player test module to carry out:
Random test one: use iperf test module to carry out applied in network performance test, the steps include:
Step 6.11, iperf software configuration: client configuration: send the UDP bag of 1KByte size to 5001 ports of server end with 2Mb/s speed, duration 200s, server is configured to monitor 5001 ports of UDP;
Step 6.12, the configuration of OPNET simulated environment: open DTN router feature, burst size is set and is made as 1470 bytes, be set to 300s the life cycle of bag, 5001 ports of monitoring UDP are set on two routers, the convergence-level of Bundle is set to UDPCL;
Step 6.13, the iperf server on starting device, and opnet software successively, iperf client, preserves experimental result;
Random test two: use VLC_media_player software to carry out practical business test, the steps include:
Step 6.21, (this software is not supported two-way communication on communicating pair, to move respectively two VLC_media_player processes, a process can only be served as client or server), respectively as the client and server of two-way communication, the communication port of two servers is configured to respectively 10000 and 10001, opens the corresponding port of DTN gateway under OPNET environment;
Step 6.22, configuration network damage instrument, it is 100ms, 1s and 10s that time delay is set respectively;
Step 6.23, can test be used VLC_media_player software under the link condition of communicating pair high latency, carry out two-way call;
Step 6.24, the ethernet line pulling out, then records facing to the microphone of communication equipment; And then plug ethernet line, can test hear the content of recording just now on receiving equipment.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: design router on star thereby integrated existing Space communication protocols system, for some preparations are being done aspect the system-level realization of DTN protocol architecture and even the key technology research of Information Network by China; Software and hardware combining has been simulated the environment of satellite network comparatively really, contributes to verify the applicability of router to space environment on star.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the protocol architecture of the synthesized gateway of embodiment in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the Bundle agreement basic process of embodiment in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is data message forms of the SCPS-TP agreement of embodiment in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the idle state control stream of embodiment in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 5 is DTN router test results in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 6 is method flow schematic diagrames of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
Describe technical solution of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Router modeling and simulation on step 1, star based on OPNET.
(1) nodes domains modeling.
The work of nodes domains is the internal structure of defined node.In OPNET, adopt protocol architecture as shown in Figure 1.Between transport layer and application layer, add additional Bundle layer, the adaptively selected SCPS-TP of transport layer or udp protocol, link layer uses IP OVER CCSDS AOS framework.In the time of space communication, generally without considering these complex situations of ALG.
In nodal analysis method, the square that interconnects composition nodal analysis method becomes module, and each module comprises one group of input and output, state internal memory and calculates the function of output according to input and state internal memory.The input and output of module are divided into bag stream and add up two kinds, and module can be exported packet or from input bag stream reception packet, also can from output statistics, export numerical value or input numerical value from input statistics from its output packet stream.
(2) process territory modeling.
According to nodes domains model, need the process model of describing and realizing to comprise Bundle, SCPS-TP and IP OVER CCSDS AOS.
1, Bundle process model.
The basic handling flow process of Bundle agreement as shown in Figure 2, mainly comprises Bundle initial transmission, forwarding rules, reception rules, schedule regulation, the limited rules of forwarding, retransmission failure rules, deletes rules and the local rules etc. of paying.In addition also have some processing behaviors, for example agree to that keeping, keeping discharge and keeping unsuccessfully etc.The handling process that various rules are concrete refers to protocol specification.
When process starts first by pre-initialize state until other process is ready to, then carry out some necessary initial work, be mainly initialization static routing table and other state variable and carry out the registration of Bundle node.After initialization completes, enter idle condition, this state is mainly the type that judgement is interrupted.If stream interrupts FROM_LOW, illustrate from lower layer procedure and receive data determine it is application data or Bundle data according to transport layer port number.If transport layer port number is 550 explanations is Bundle data, need to send and take care of into function signal to keeping node, then wait for and pay reaching of interrupt signal; Otherwise being application data, now first needing to open corresponding transport layer and connect, from the synthesized gateway protocol stack model designing before, is mainly that UDP or SCPS-TP connect here.Connect to set up and carry out Bundle encapsulation afterwards, then insert keeping queue and wait for storage forwarding.
When Bundle source endpoint is with object end points apart from each other and only have interrupted being connected, the duration connecting is not enough to transmit whole Bundle, now as long as processing attribute field, the Bundle of basic block do not indicate this Bundle can not segmentation, just can carry out segment processing to Bundle, each fragment is packaged into a new Bundle and transmits.Each fragment all has identical source endpoint ID and creation-time stamp, indicates them to derive from same Bundle.Concrete segmentation form comprises initiatively segmentation and passive segmentation, adopts the initiatively method of segmentation herein, initiatively application data is divided into many less pieces by Bundle process, and then is packaged into Bundle by each and transmits.Now, destination node will be extracted the application data of these fritters and recombinate and obtain complete application data from the Bundle receiving.The restructuring of Bundle is according to the indication of field offset amount and loaded length, and the section load all that receive and present segments to same endpoints ID and creation-time stamp links up.If the application data until total length that the length of the array of bytes of composition equals to indicate in basic block, the application data until of recombinating by this array of bytes so replaces the load of present segment, and the load of every section is the subset of the application data until after restructuring.
If certainly interrupt FROM_ROUTER, now call routing module and calculate down hop node.
If certainly interrupt STATE_IND, now the Bundle packet of receiving is carried out to decapsulation and restructuring, then consign to object node.
If certainly interrupt RETRANS, now take out the Bundle packet in keeping queue and be forwarded to down hop node.
2, SCPS-TP process model.
Be similar to the realization of Transmission Control Protocol, two process models have been set up in the realization of SCPS-TP agreement, and one is managing process, and one is processing subprocess, and managing process is and the interface process of levels that subprocess is the actual treatment process of SCPS-TP agreement.SCPS-TP controlled state process is responsible for receiving all orders of sending from application layer and lower floor, and enters different conditions according to order:
1) OPEN: open a SCPS-TP and connect;
2) SEND: send a packet and connect to the SCPS-TP establishing;
3) RECEIVE:SCPS-TP request upper strata injecting data bag;
4) CLOSE: send data, finish SCPS-TP and connect;
5) ABORT: improper interruption SCPS-TP connects;
6) SEG_REV: receive packet;
7) STATUS:SCPS-TP state indication.
SCPS-TP protocol processes subprocess is responsible for SCPS-TP agreement from establishing a connection to the whole process of closing connection, in different, receive which kind of processing data segment takes, can represent the event that these are different with the state connecting, and SCPS-TP processing mode to various data segments under various states is described with state transition diagram:
1) LISTEN: the connection request of monitoring SCPS-TP port non-indigenous;
2) SYN-SENT: wait for corresponding connection request after transmission connection request;
3) SYN-RECEIVED: receive and send a connection request after wait for the confirmation of the other side to connection request;
4) ESTABLISHED: represent that a connection sets up;
5) FIN-WAIT-1: wait for the request of long-range SCPS-TP disconnecting, or the confirmation of previous disconnecting request;
6) FIN-WAIT-2: wait for disconnecting request from long-range SCPS-TP;
7) CLOSE-WAIT: wait for the disconnecting request of sending from local user;
8) CLOSING: wait for the confirmation of long-range SCPS-TP to disconnecting;
9) LAST-ACK: wait for the confirmation of the original disconnecting request that is sent to long-range SCPS-TP;
10) TIME-WAIT: wait for that time enough receives the confirmation of disconnecting request to guarantee long-range SCPS-TP;
11) CLOSED: represent current without any connection status.
The data message form of SCPS-TP agreement is as shown in Figure 3:
Ields territory is the TCP message packet header of 20 byte standards; SACK-Permitted Option territory and SACK Option territory are that SACK mechanism SACK used allows option field and SACK option field; SCPS Capabilities Option territory is the field that SNACK mechanism is relevant to SNACK Option territory.
3, IP OVER CCSDS AOS process model
First IP OVER CCSDS AOS managing process enters init state and carries out state variable assignment, then enters idle state and starts to process variety of event, as shown in Figure 4.When entering after idle state, process starts waiting event.In the time that event is interrupted for stream, first process reads into flow port.If from upper strata IP process, process enters from_upper state IP data is carried out to the encapsulation of AOS frame; If from the MAC of lower floor process, process enters from_lower state AOS frame is carried out to decapsulation and the IP data of recombinating.When event is in the time interrupting Polling_MPDU, process enters from_upper state the frame length of the current AOS frame that carries out encapsulation operation is judged, if not enough regular length of specifying, producing idle data inserts in MPDU bag district, to guarantee that AOS frame is as regular length, then call the IP OVER CCSDS AOS cycle to send subprocess this AOS frame is sent.
(3) external system territory modeling.
External system module is mainly used in collaborative simulation.Collaborative simulation is a kind of emulation by multiple emulation tool cooperation, is made up of Modeler model, association's simulation code and external code.Modeler model contains one or more external system definition, and external code can be a complete simulator or the communication agency that connects other operating system process, and both connect as one by association's simulation code.In the embodiment of the present invention, the realization of SITL part just belongs to the modeling in external system territory, is first to write self-defining SITL function, then in SITL gateway module, selects to include the external file of this SITL transfer function.What SITL part needed realization is the support to Bundle, SCPS-TP and IP OVER CCSDS AOS agreement.
Step 2, emulated data based on OPNET SITL interface and the conversion of True Data.
SITL module has been added two special models, gateway node and link model, in live network, we utilize forwarding that ICP/IP protocol stack carries out data flow and communicate by letter, and protocol stack in artificial network is virtual construct, different data structures cannot directly communicate real equipment and artificial network.The packet running in true protocol stack is imported to virtual simulated environment, need to solve the problem of 3 aspects: synchronous, the intercepting and capturing of bag of time and the conversion of packet.
(1) time is synchronous.
Generally the time synchronized of SITL emulation is guaranteed by simulation time being synchronizeed with system time advance, and just can complete by simple setting.
(2) intercepting and capturing of packet.
Adopt the auxiliary packet catcher of WinPcap to catch raw data packets, analyze on this basis the type of agreement according to datagram header, and then realize the filtration of bag.
(3) conversion of packet.
In the time that SITL module receives packet, no matter be from the true bag of physical system or from the virtual package of analogue system, all first attempt packet format and affiliated agreement thereof to judge, by with the mating of transfer function, find suitable transfer function, and call it packet is changed.
In the time that emulation starts, first SITL calls initialization function and loads all conversion/detection functions pair.If there is packet to arrive, WinPcap packet catcher is by its intercepting and capturing and send to SITL gateway node, and SITL calls conversion entrance function and carrys out translation data bag, first calls under normal circumstances the transfer function of basic packet format.If this packet is nested with the packet of other type, the transfer function that transfer function can call this data field is so changed next layer data bag, until be converted to the top-level protocol setting.
The simulation of step 3, satellite network topology based on STK.
Determine different satellites by define the parameter of satellite in STK, thereby carry out the emulation of satellite network topology.
(1) the base attribute setting of satellite.
The base attribute of satellite is set: track, attitude, track breakpoint, quality, description, figure, attribute,, displaying time, confinement time etc.
(2) definition satellite orbit setting.
Utilization arranges orbit parameter and determines the size of satellite orbit, shape, track orientation and satellite position in orbit, mainly comprises: semi-major axis, apogee radius, altitude of the apogee, recursion period, every day the track number of turns, eccentricity, perigee radius, orbit inclination angle, right ascension of ascending node, argument of perigee.True anomaly, mean anomaly, angle, inclined to one side perigee, the argument of latitude, mistake ascending node time, perigee passage time.
The simulation of the space link of step 4, damage instrument Network Based.
Adopt iTrinegy network harm instrument to simulate space link.All adopt Ethernet to be connected with network harm instrument in the computer of analog satellite router, in the .xml of network harm instrument configuration file, different time delays and error rate parameter are set, for simulating different space link parameters and link break-make.
The test of step 5, network performance.
In the embodiment of the present invention, adopt two kinds of method testing characteristics of network: adopt
(1) use iperf software to carry out applied in network performance test, the steps include:
1, iperf software configuration.Client configuration: send the UDP bag of 1KByte size to 5001 ports of server end with 2Mb/s speed, duration 200s.Server is configured to monitor 5001 ports of UDP.
2, the configuration of OPNET simulated environment.Open DTN router feature, burst size is set and is made as 1470 bytes, be set to 300s the life cycle of bag, 5001 ports of monitoring UDP are set on two routers, the convergence-level of Bundle is set to UDPCL.
3, the iperf server on starting device successively, and opnet software, iperf client.Preserve experimental result.If Fig. 5 is DTN router test result, although not showing, result connects end to end, data still can forward by keeping, finally consign to server.
(2) use VLC_media_player software to carry out practical business test, the steps include:
1, on communicating pair, move respectively two VLC_media_player processes (this software is not supported two-way communication, and a process can only be served as client or server), respectively as the client and server of two-way communication.The communication port of two servers is configured to respectively 10000 and 10001.Open the corresponding port of DTN gateway under OPNET environment.
2, configuration network damage instrument, it is 100ms, 1s and 10s that time delay is set respectively.
3, can test be used VLC_media_player software under the link condition of communicating pair high latency, carry out two-way call.
4, the ethernet line pulling out, then records facing to the microphone of communication equipment.And then plug ethernet line, can test hear the content of recording just now on receiving equipment.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. postpone a router emulation mode on the star of tolerable network, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The step of router modeling and simulation on star: set up router-modelle on star; In conjunction with the network hierarchical structure of CCSDS and DTNRG definition, build the protocol model that is applicable to router on star, and feasibility and the validity of the form that adopts software emulation to model is verified; On described star, router modeling and software emulation are to carry out based on OPNET, comprise nodes domains modeling, the modeling of process territory and the modeling of external system territory;
The step of the conversion of emulated data and True Data: will pass through the virtual data flow of checking under software emulation environment, be converted to real data flow, thereby the disposal ability of validation gateway to true stream, realize because gateway still adopts form of software, therefore specific implementation process comprises that emulated data arrives the translation interface of True Data and the True Data translation interface to emulated data; This step is carried out based on OPNET SITL interface, comprises the sub-step of synchronous, the intercepting and capturing of packet and the conversion of packet of time;
The simulation steps of satellite topology: generate constellation group net operation data according to the orbit parameter of each satellite, obtain the data such as interspace and satellite-ground link make-and-break time, chain circuit transmission time delay, and analysis obtains network topology structure delta data; In simulation software, input these data, build interspace network topology model, on this basis communication protocol between the star ground in interspace network, star is carried out to emulation; This step is based on carrying out based on STK, determines different satellites, thereby carry out the emulation of satellite network topology by define the parameter of satellite in STK;
The simulation steps of space link: simulate star ground, inter-satellite link, the analog interface of delay, these parameters of the error rate is provided, by these parameter configuration, observe the impact of different links on network performance; Specifically: adopt iTrinegy network harm instrument to simulate space link; All adopt Ethernet to be connected with network harm instrument in the computer of analog satellite router, in the .xml of network harm instrument configuration file, different time delays and error rate parameter are set, for simulating different space link parameters and link break-make.
2. router emulation mode on a kind of star that postpones tolerable network according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1, three modeling method specific implementation processes are as follows:
Modeling one: nodes domains modeling;
Being defined between transport layer and application layer adds additional Bundle layer, the adaptively selected SCPS-TP of transport layer or udp protocol, link layer to use IP OVER CCSDS AOS framework
Modeling two: process territory modeling; According to nodes domains model, need the process model of describing and realizing to comprise Bundle, SCPS-TP and IP OVER CCSDS AOS;
Bundle process model: Bundle initial transmission, forward rules, receive rules, schedule regulation,
Forward limited rules, retransmission failure rules, delete rules and local payment rules and processing behavior, described processing behavior comprises that agreement keeping, keeping discharge and take care of failed;
SCPS-TP process model: be similar to the realization of Transmission Control Protocol, two process models have been set up in the realization of SCPS-TP agreement, and one is managing process, and one for processing subprocess, managing process is and the interface process of levels that subprocess is the actual treatment process of SCPS-TP agreement; SCPS-TP controlled state process is responsible for receiving all orders of sending from application layer and lower floor, and enters different conditions according to order; SCPS-TP protocol processes subprocess is responsible for SCPS-TP agreement from establishing a connection to the whole process of closing connection, in different, receive which kind of processing data segment takes, represent the event that these are different with the state connecting, and SCPS-TP processing mode to various data segments under various states is described with state transition diagram;
IP OVER CCSDS AOS process model: first IP OVER CCSDS AOS managing process enters init state and carry out state variable assignment, then enters idle state and starts to process variety of event; When entering after idle state, process starts waiting event; In the time that event is interrupted for stream, first process reads into flow port; If from upper strata IP process, process enters from_upper state IP data is carried out to the encapsulation of AOS frame; If from the MAC of lower floor process, process enters from_lower state AOS frame is carried out to decapsulation and the IP data of recombinating; When event is in the time interrupting Polling_MPDU, process enters from_upper state the frame length of the current AOS frame that carries out encapsulation operation is judged, if not enough regular length of specifying, producing idle data inserts in MPDU bag district, to guarantee that AOS frame is as regular length, then call the IP OVER CCSDS AOS cycle to send subprocess this AOS frame is sent;
Modeling three: external system territory modeling; External system module is mainly used in collaborative simulation; Collaborative simulation is a kind of emulation by multiple emulation tool cooperation, is made up of Modeler model, association's simulation code and external code; Modeler model contains one or more external system definition, and external code can be a complete simulator or the communication agency that connects other operating system process, and both connect as one by association's simulation code; The realization of definition SITL part belongs to the modeling in external system territory, is first to write self-defining SITL function, then in SITL gateway module, selects to include the external file of this SITL transfer function; What SITL part needed realization is the support to Bundle, SCPS-TP and IP OVER CCSDS AOS agreement.
3. router emulation mode on a kind of star that postpones tolerable network according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 1, the concrete method for building up of Bundle process model is as follows:
When process starts first by pre-initialize state until other process is ready to, then carry out some necessary initial work, be mainly initialization static routing table and other state variable and carry out the registration of Bundle node; After initialization completes, enter idle condition, this state is mainly the type that judgement is interrupted; If stream interrupts FROM_LOW, illustrate from lower layer procedure and receive data, determine it is application data or Bundle data according to transport layer port number, if transport layer port number is 550 explanations is Bundle data, need to send and take care of into function signal to keeping node, then wait for and pay reaching of interrupt signal; Otherwise being application data, now first needing to open corresponding transport layer and connect, from the synthesized gateway protocol stack model designing before, is mainly that UDP or SCPS-TP connect here; Connect to set up and carry out Bundle encapsulation afterwards, then insert keeping queue and wait for storage forwarding;
When Bundle source endpoint is with object end points apart from each other and only have interrupted being connected, the duration connecting is not enough to transmit whole Bundle, now as long as processing attribute field, the Bundle of basic block do not indicate this Bundle can not segmentation, just can carry out segment processing to Bundle, each fragment is packaged into a new Bundle and transmits; Each fragment all has identical source endpoint ID and creation-time stamp, indicates them to derive from same Bundle; Concrete segmentation form comprises initiatively segmentation and passive segmentation, adopts the initiatively method of segmentation herein, initiatively application data is divided into many less pieces by Bundle process, and then is packaged into Bundle by each and transmits; Now, destination node will be extracted the application data of these fritters and recombinate and obtain complete application data from the Bundle receiving; The restructuring of Bundle is according to the indication of field offset amount and loaded length, and the section load all that receive and present segments to same endpoints ID and creation-time stamp links up; If the application data until total length that the length of the array of bytes of composition equals to indicate in basic block, the application data until of recombinating by this array of bytes so replaces the load of present segment, and the load of every section is the subset of the application data until after restructuring;
If certainly interrupt FROM_ROUTER, now call routing module and calculate down hop node;
If certainly interrupt STATE_IND, now the Bundle packet of receiving is carried out to decapsulation and restructuring, then consign to object node;
If certainly interrupt RETRANS, now take out the Bundle packet in keeping queue and be forwarded to down hop node.
4. router emulation mode on a kind of star that postpones tolerable network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step of the conversion of described emulated data and True Data, synchronous, the intercepting and capturing of packet of time and the concrete grammar of the conversion of packet are as follows:
Because SITL module has been added two special models, gateway node and link model, need to import to virtual simulated environment by the packet running in true protocol stack, comprising:
Step 1: time synchronous;
Simulation time is synchronizeed with system time;
Step 2: the intercepting and capturing of packet;
Adopt the auxiliary packet catcher of WinPcap to catch raw data packets, analyze on this basis the type of agreement according to datagram header, and then realize the filtration of bag;
Step 3: the conversion of packet;
In the time that SITL module receives packet, no matter be from the true bag of physical system or from the virtual package of analogue system, all first attempt packet format and affiliated agreement thereof to judge, by with the mating of transfer function, find suitable transfer function, and call it packet is changed;
In the time that emulation starts, first SITL calls initialization function and loads all conversion/detection functions pair; If there is packet to arrive, WinPcap packet catcher is by its intercepting and capturing and send to SITL gateway node, and SITL calls conversion entrance function and carrys out translation data bag, first calls under normal circumstances the transfer function of basic packet format; If this packet is nested with the packet of other type, the transfer function that transfer function can call this data field is so changed next layer data bag, until be converted to the top-level protocol setting.
5. router emulation mode on a kind of star that postpones tolerable network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the simulation steps of described satellite topology is that the parameter by define satellite in STK is determined different satellites, thereby carries out the emulation of satellite network topology, comprises
Arrange one: the base attribute setting of satellite;
The base attribute of satellite is set: track, attitude, track breakpoint, quality, description, figure, attribute,, displaying time, confinement time;
Arrange two: the setting of definition satellite orbit;
Utilization arranges orbit parameter and determines the size of satellite orbit, shape, track orientation and satellite position in orbit, comprising: semi-major axis, apogee radius, altitude of the apogee, recursion period, every day the track number of turns, eccentricity, perigee radius, orbit inclination angle, right ascension of ascending node, argument of perigee, true anomaly, mean anomaly, partially angle, perigee, the argument of latitude, spend the ascending node time, perigee passage time.
6. router emulation mode on a kind of star that postpones tolerable network according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step of the test of a network performance, selects at random iperf test module or VLC_media_player test module to carry out:
Random test one: use iperf test module to carry out applied in network performance test, the steps include:
Step 6.11, iperf software configuration: client configuration: send the UDP bag of 1KByte size to 5001 ports of server end with 2Mb/s speed, duration 200s, server is configured to monitor 5001 ports of UDP;
Step 6.12, the configuration of OPNET simulated environment: open DTN router feature, burst size is set and is made as 1470 bytes, be set to 300s the life cycle of bag, 5001 ports of monitoring UDP are set on two routers, the convergence-level of Bundle is set to UDPCL;
Step 6.13, the iperf server on starting device, and opnet software successively, iperf client, preserves experimental result;
Random test two: use VLC_media_player software to carry out practical business test, the steps include:
Step 6.21, (this software is not supported two-way communication on communicating pair, to move respectively two VLC_media_player processes, a process can only be served as client or server), respectively as the client and server of two-way communication, the communication port of two servers is configured to respectively 10000 and 10001, opens the corresponding port of DTN gateway under OPNET environment;
Step 6.22, configuration network damage instrument, it is 100ms, 1s and 10s that time delay is set respectively;
Step 6.23, can test be used VLC_media_player software under the link condition of communicating pair high latency, carry out two-way call;
Step 6.24, the ethernet line pulling out, then records facing to the microphone of communication equipment; And then plug ethernet line, can test hear the content of recording just now on receiving equipment.
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