CN103823875B - The search method of Services Composition - Google Patents
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- CN103823875B CN103823875B CN201410070573.1A CN201410070573A CN103823875B CN 103823875 B CN103823875 B CN 103823875B CN 201410070573 A CN201410070573 A CN 201410070573A CN 103823875 B CN103823875 B CN 103823875B
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
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Abstract
Invention provides a kind of search method of Services Composition, methods described is based on Coq theorem provings, Coq is a conclusion construction proof instrument based on type theory, it possesses the ability that construction proved and extracted the proof procedure of functional expression, the process that constructing proves is automatically or semi-automatically, the verification of correctness of Services Composition need not simultaneously be checked after the completion of Services Composition flow, but by initial description and formal proof strict guarantee, so that the search method of Services Composition is fairly simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of search method of Services Composition.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for computer and network technologies, service oriented computing
(serviceorientedcomputing, SOC) and service-oriented framework (serviceorientedarchitecture,
SOA the important technology of software development industry) is had become.The essence of SOC and SOA is the distribution with loose couplings as base
Plinth, solves the problems, such as extensive resource-sharing and coordinates by standard information agreement.Build service-oriented system and include three
Main aspect：1.Web service discoveries (Discovery), on the basis there is provided reliability services warehouse, system should
Rapidly and efficiently find the destination service for meeting service request；2.Web Services Compositions (composition), in actual scene
Service request is often more complicated, therefore, system should provide some means to combine atomic service to reach target；3. combine
Service verification (verification), therefore, system should be able to demonstrate that the correctness of provided composite services, i.e., it can expire
The ability of sufficient service request.
At present in the research field of web services, the technical method in terms of above-mentioned emerges in an endless stream, while increasingly arrive
Business organization tends to build the web services aggregated application across enterprise.Therefore, operationally efficient selection and integrated easy purchase take
Business composite services have become the focus that academia and industrial quarters researcher pay close attention to jointly.
In fact, in order to simplify integrated system, some achievements in research have been suggested, and majority has obtained being ground in field
The persons' of studying carefully is widely recognized as and practical：UDDI (UniversalDescription, DiscoveryandIntegration), i.e.,
Universal description, discovery and integrated protocol, there is provided registration and discovery mechanism based on web services；WSDL
(webServiceDescriptionLanguage), i.e. web service description language, describes the common interface of web services with reality
With；SOAP (SimpleObjectAccessProtocol), i.e. Simple Object Access Protocol, there is provided the agreement rule of exchange data
Model；And Semantic Web services description language OWL-S (webOntologyLanguageforService), it is intended to it is semantic net
Automatically find, call and provide support with composite services etc..In addition with the linguistic norm BPEL/BPEL4WS of description service execution
(BusinessProcessExecutionLanguageforwebservice) describing business procedure is used for automatic execution.
Additionally, increasing Services Composition mode is pointed out by scholar successively, from different angles with theoretical foundation other side
Method is illustrated and analyzes, and has Part Methods accomplished.There are the static state and dynamic composition method with reference to workflow,
Have with reference to AI theoretical automatically rule method, there is the search combined method based on dependence graph, also have and calculated based on QoS attributes
Selection combined method of optimization etc..
The above-mentioned standard having been proposed that and method etc. are the support that composite services find and execution provides the foundation, and different
Combinatorial theory and method the possibility of different thinkings and optimization is also provided for Services Composition, even so, web services combination according to
Old is a task for complexity.
Main cause is：1. the limit of power 2.Web of mankind's manual analyzing can have been exceeded with the quantity size of web services
Service can generally be issued at any time, updated or deleted, therefore composite services system needs operationally to be detected simultaneously
Make a response to ensure what its availability 3.Web services were typically issued by different business organizations, in the use of conceptual model
It is upper with statement different, it is therefore desirable to which that related semantic information is analyzed.Additionally, the complexity of Services Composition should also be wrapped
The complexity of its self-authentication is included, that is, is previously mentioned the correctness for meeting the service of requirement.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of search method of simple Services Composition.
The content of the invention
For the defect that prior art is present, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of retrieval side of simple Services Composition
Method.
A kind of search method of Services Composition, it is characterised in that：The search method be based on Coq theorem provings, including with
Lower step：
1) using the service describing based on wsdl document；
2) using the meaning of one's words of OWL file extent Service Sources；
3) the operation elements of WSDL are regarded as an atom process；
4) stated by Lemma or Theorem orders and given desired by user input and output service regulation, and passed through
Flow 1), flow 2), flow 3) definition；
5) service regulation is proved by Coq systems automatically；
6) morphology, the syntactic analysis of service regulation are completed by GNU-Flex, GNU-Bison；
7) the BNF syntax by defining produce corresponding LALR analyzers, and produce top-down structure syntax tree；
8) traversal syntax tree generation service procedure topological relation；
9) topological relation figure is converted into final BPEL flows.
Preferably, the search method is comprised the following steps：Demand input, form conversion, reasoning are proved, extract result simultaneously
It is final to produce implementation procedure.The search method is comprised the following steps：Demand input, form conversion, reasoning are proved, extract result
And finally produce implementation procedure:
Demand is input into：User input requirements of combination；
Form is changed：I.e. service regulation extract, the user's request that will be serviced and define be converted into coq systems rule and
Proposition is described；
Reasoning is proved：Automatic to prove Services Composition, coq proof systems, the output for reading in a upper module carries out automatic calculation；
Extract result：Build after syntax tree, it is necessary to be traveled through to generate the topological relation of service procedure to it；
Implementation procedure：After the topological diagram for having constructed service procedure, final BPEL flow charts are converted it into.
9) topological relation figure is converted into final BPEL flows.
Preferably, the step 1) in, web services possess attribute including title, description, supplier and parameter input,
Export, call in mode and some infrastructure services of background；Wherein wsdl document describes these web services, and illustrates their attribute.
Preferably, the step 2) in, by the meaning of one's words of OWL file extent web services resources；It is wherein right in OWL files
In the complementary definition of service ontology, name is solved different and give the matching problem of identical data type.
Preferably, the step 3) in, operation elements are regarded as an atom process, then its input element and
Output elements correspond to input I and output O respectively, and fault has corresponded to abnormal information E, it is noted that the ginseng of input and output
Number message is in itself a complicated element, is made up of the part of multiple types, therefore, it is necessary to will in actual rule definition
These part elements link symbol combined expression for input and export by type.
Preferably, the step 4) in, for given input and desired output user's request, equally can using 1),
2), method 3) is defined as the target type for needing to solve, and is stated by Lemma or Theorem orders.
Preferably, the step 5) in, Services Composition is proved by Coq systems, in systems, the combination card that Coq is produced
It is bright be shape as " fun parameter lists=>X of function body ", and because the hypothesis rule that quantity of service is produced increases so that prove
The level of nesting of X in result is deepened, and due to the feature of its anonymity definition, in the parameter and function body of function effect
Also X can be directly stated in definition and is called immediately, thus top-down parsing needed to the statement of X and is recorded, and to sound
Type checking that is bright and calling needs to carry out bottom-uply.
Preferably, the step 6) in, it was demonstrated that the function of parsing is effectively equivalent to a function for compiler front-end, leads to
Crossing analysis coq proves the function statement construction internal system service compination model of result, is performed for generating subsequently into rear end
Flow, it is therefore desirable to morphology syntactic analysis is carried out to output result, and constructs syntax tree, Services Composition Engine passes through GNU-
Flex, GUN-Bison carry out morphology syntactic analysis.
Preferably, the step 7) in, using supporting Flex kit GNU-Bison, by the BNF syntax for defining
Corresponding LALR analyzers are produced, with reference to the top-down structure syntax tree of operation behavior to every grammar definition；The retrieval
Method is the subset of the Gallina syntax.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the following technical effect that：Coq is a conclusion based on type theory
Construction proof instrument, it possesses the ability that construction proved and extracted the proof procedure of functional expression, and the process that constructing proves is automatic
Or it is automanual, the verification of correctness of Services Composition need not simultaneously be checked after the completion of Services Composition flow, but by
Initial description and formal proof strict guarantee, so that the search method of Services Composition is fairly simple.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 loads sorting technique flow chart.
Fig. 2 wsdl documents and the OWL file fragments containing related semanteme galaxy definition.
Fig. 3 syntax tree node structure examples.
Fig. 4 Services Composition topological diagrams.
The coq codes of Fig. 5 Fig. 4 Services Compositions.
Fig. 6 BPEL mobile elements.
Specific embodiment
Elaborate many details in order to fully understand the present invention in the following description.But the present invention can be with
Much it is different from other manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can be in the situation without prejudice to intension of the present invention
Under do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1~Fig. 6, one embodiment of the invention is shown.The search method of Services Composition, search method is based on Coq
Theorem proving.Coq is a conclusion construction proof instrument based on type theory, and it possesses construction proves and extract functional expression
The ability of proof procedure, the process that constructing proves is that automatically or semi-automatically, the verification of correctness of Services Composition simultaneously need not
Checked after the completion of Services Composition flow, but by initial description and formal proof strict guarantee, so that Services Composition
Search method it is fairly simple.
Specifically, the search method is comprised the following steps：Demand input, form conversion, reasoning are proved, extract result and most
Implementation procedure is produced eventually.
Demand is input into：User input requirements of combination.
Form is changed：I.e. service regulation extract, the user's request that will be serviced and define be converted into coq systems rule and
Proposition is described.Wherein, using the service describing based on wsdl document, the meaning of one's words of expansion service resource is carried out with reference to OWL files.
Reasoning is proved：Automatic to prove Services Composition, coq proof systems, the output for reading in a upper module carries out automatic calculation.
Prove that the function of parsing module is effectively equivalent to a function for compiler front-end, the function of result is proved by analyzing coq
The service compination model of formula description construction internal system, is used to generate execution flow subsequently into rear end, therefore such as most of languages
The compiler of speech is the same, it is necessary to carry out morphological analysis to output result first, defines and construct abstract syntax tree.
Extract result：Build after syntax tree, it is necessary to be traveled through to generate the topological relation of service procedure to it.
Implementation procedure：After the topological diagram for having constructed service procedure, can set about converting it into final BPEL streams
Cheng Tu.But the prepayment of this province of BPEL is tree structure, there is certain difference with topological relation；And serviced in topological relation
The Limited information of node, it is impossible to BPEL flows are directly constructed with this, it is necessary to complete this by the description of corresponding wsdl document
Job.
A kind of search method of the Services Composition proposed in the present invention, the method is retaining the same of certain web semantics informations
When enhance the flexibility of combination, more there is more preferable efficiency compared to both methods.
Search method by means of formalized description and the reasoning of MLTT, and combination is logically being ensure that just for the system
True property, extends its research range of application for MLTT.
Design from the method proved to the conversion of BPEL flows and have scalability, and other can be pushed through and include loop-like
In the search method of section.
More specifically, including below scheme：
1) using the service describing based on wsdl document；
2) using the meaning of one's words of OWL file extent Service Sources；
3) the operation elements of WSDL are regarded as an atom process；
4) stated by Lemma or Theorem orders and given desired by user input and output service regulation, and passed through
Flow 1), flow 2), flow 3) definition；
5) service regulation is proved by Coq systems automatically；
6) morphology, the syntactic analysis of service regulation are completed by GNU-Flex, GNU-Bison；
7) the BNF syntax by defining produce corresponding LALR analyzers, and produce top-down structure syntax tree；
8) traversal syntax tree generation service procedure topological relation；
9) topological relation figure is converted into final BPEL flows.
The present invention is to design and realize a kind of Services Composition Engine based on coq theorem provings.Fig. 1 reality Services Compositions
The frame diagram of engine, including：
Requirements of combination：Basic Services Composition and user-defined Services Composition demand.
Semantics information storehouse：Define and collect the meaning of one's words of some basic services.
Web service：The basic web services of description.
BPEL flows：Web services flow topologies are generated into BPEL flow charts, so as to produce executable flow.
Rule extraction device：The responsible user's request that will be serviced and define is converted into rule and the proposition description of coq systems.
Theorem-proving machine：Coq proof systems, the output for reading in a upper module carries out automatic calculation.
Transfer interpreter：Proof result first to coq is explained, and the topological relation of Services Composition is produced, then in this base
The execution flow of generation BPEL is traveled through on plinth.
The workflow of specific web services combine engine is as follows
Firstth, user is input into users service needs combination in requirements of combination module.
Secondth, service regulation is extracted by rule extraction device, the user's request that will be serviced and define is converted into coq systems
Rule and proposition description.Web service possesses some attributes including service name, description, supplier and other specification including defeated
Enter, export, method of calling and background etc..In the design, including the non-functional attribute of service is not accounted for, reason is that this is
The starting point thing of system bases oneself upon theorem proving, rather than the Qos optimizations for being absorbed in combination；Secondly the automatic proof strategy of coq is not propped up
Complicated calculations during holding prove are not, it is necessary to auxiliary definition and seal proof manually, this purpose solicitous with Automatic Combined is disagreed
The back of the body.For the web services object for abstraction rule, using the service describing based on wsdl document, come with reference to OWL files
The meaning of one's words of expansion service resource.Fig. 2 illustrates a wsdl document and the OWL file fragments containing related meaning of one's words information definition.
For wsdl document, operation elements are regarded as an atom process, then its input element and output elements are right respectively
O should be exported, and default has corresponded to abnormal information E.
3rd, Services Composition is proved automatically, and coq proof systems, the output for reading in a upper module carries out automatic calculation.Prove
The function of parsing module is effectively equivalent to a function for compiler front-end, proves that the functional expression of result is retouched by analyzing coq
The service compination model of construction internal system is stated, is used to generate execution flow subsequently into rear end, therefore such as most of language
Compiler is the same, it is necessary to carry out morphological analysis to output result first, defines and construct abstract syntax tree.The system passes through
GNU-Flex and GNU-Bison completes grammer morphological analysis.Wherein, the result of syntactic analysis tackles a syntactic analysis tree, its
Node is connected by the mark class defined before us by pointer, as a result as shown in Figure 3.
4th, services topology figure is generated：Opened up with generating service procedure, it is necessary to be traveled through to it after having built syntax tree
Flutter relation.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively illustrate Services Composition topological diagram and proof code of the combination in coq systems.
5th, model generation：After the topological diagram that construction plays service procedure, can set about converting it into final
BPEL flow charts.But the prepayment of this province of BPEL is tree structure, there is certain difference with topological relation；And in topological relation
The Limited information of middle service node, it is impossible to BPEL flows are directly constructed with this, it is necessary to the description by corresponding wsdl document comes
Complete this job.BPEL mainly includes that definition is not sealed and movable part：The former includes service connection and determining using variable
Justice, wherein service chaining describe the definition of role in a sub- service call, and variable is then similar to the message in WSDL
Element, for defining the type of parameter in mobile element and the storage organization of transient service data；The latter is divided into basic activity
With structure sexuality.Fig. 6 shows BPEL mobile elements.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this area skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore guarantor of the invention
The scope that shield scope should be defined by the claims in the present invention is defined.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of search method of Services Composition, it is characterised in that：The search method is based on Coq theorem provings, including following
Step：
1) using the service describing based on wsdl document；
2) using the meaning of one's words of OWL file extent Service Sources；
3) the operation elements of WSDL are regarded as an atom process；
4) stated by Lemma or Theorem orders and given desired by user input and output service regulation, and by flow
1), flow 2), flow 3) definition；
5) service regulation is proved by Coq systems automatically；
6) morphology, the syntactic analysis of service regulation are completed by GNU-Flex, GNU-Bison；
7) the BNF syntax by defining produce corresponding LALR analyzers, and produce top-down structure syntax tree；
8) traversal syntax tree generation service procedure topological relation；
9) topological relation figure is converted into final BPEL flows.
2. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the search method includes following step
Suddenly：Demand input, form conversion, reasoning are proved, extract result and finally produce implementation procedure:
Demand is input into：User input requirements of combination；
Form is changed：I.e. service regulation is extracted, and the user's request that will be serviced and define is converted into rule and the proposition of coq systems
Description；
Reasoning is proved：Automatic to prove Services Composition, coq proof systems, the output for reading in a upper module carries out automatic calculation；
Extract result：Build after syntax tree, it is necessary to be traveled through to generate the topological relation of service procedure to it；
Implementation procedure：After the topological diagram for having constructed service procedure, final BPEL flow charts are converted it into.
3. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in, web services are gathered around
Having attribute includes the input of title, description, supplier and parameter, exports, calls in mode and some infrastructure services of background；Wherein
Wsdl document describes these web services, and illustrates their attribute.
4. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2) in, by OWL texts
Part extends the meaning of one's words of web services resource；Wherein in OWL files to the complementary definition of service ontology in, solve name it is different and
Give the matching problem of identical data type.
5. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 3) in,
Operation elements regard an atom process as, then its input element and output elements correspond to input I and output O respectively,
And fault has corresponded to abnormal information E, it is noted that the parameter message of input and output is in itself a complicated element, is had
The part compositions of multiple types, therefore, it is necessary to these part elements are linked into symbol combination by type in actual rule definition
Expression formula is for input and exports.
6. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 4) in, for given
The user's request of input and desired output, equally can be defined as the target type that needs to solve using method 1), 2), 3),
Stated by Lemma or Theorem orders.
7. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 5) in, by Coq systems
System proves Services Composition, in systems, the combination identity that Coq is produced be shape as " fun parameter lists=>X of function body ", and
Because the hypothesis rule that quantity of service is produced increases so that prove that the level of nesting of X in result is deepened, and because it is hidden
The feature of name definition, also can directly state X and call immediately in the definition of the parameter and function body of function effect, thus right
The statement of X needs top-down parsing and records, and the type checking to stating and calling needs to carry out bottom-uply.
8. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 6) in, it was demonstrated that parsing
Function be effectively equivalent to a function for compiler front-end, by analyze coq prove result function state construction system
Internal services built-up pattern, is used to generate execution flow, it is therefore desirable to carry out morphology grammer to output result subsequently into rear end
Analysis, and syntax tree is constructed, Services Composition Engine carries out morphology syntactic analysis by GNU-Flex, GUN-Bison.
9. the search method of Services Composition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 7) in, using supporting
Flex kit GNU-Bison, corresponding LALR analyzers are produced by the BNF syntax for defining, with reference to every syntax
The top-down structure syntax tree of operation behavior of definition；The search method is the subset of the Gallina syntax.
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| CN101895581A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-11-24 | 浙江大学 | QoS technology perception-based dynamic web service selection method |
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