Summary of the invention
The thermal efficiency utilization rate of turning round hot equipment for cylindrical shape in solution prior art is low, life-span is short, the problem that recondition expense is high, a kind of cylindrical shape of the invention turns round the castable furnace binding of hot equipment, the overall kiln lining that can reach several years energy-efficient service life is built by industrial furnaces and kilns formational geology technology, effectively overcome traditional brick kiln lining run in kiln lining rock and be separated generation slippage with outer steel shell, kiln lining does not have bulk strength, there is lax instantaneously disintegration, cannot rapid-maintenance etc. defect among a small circle, make the hot equipment kiln lining of cylindrical shape from structure, with material, building technology, Maintenance and Repair technique all there occurs subversive change, thus make the more brick kiln lining of cylindrical shape life-span of kiln liner be doubled to several times, kiln lining internal work cavity can alter arbitrarily with technological requirement, the damage that kiln lining part occurs does not affect whole service life of kiln body, maintenance is achieved among a small circle fast.
The present invention is the technical scheme solving the problems of the technologies described above employing: a kind of cylindrical shape turns round the castable furnace binding of hot equipment, body of heater is divided into charging low-temperature zone, high-temperature hot conversion zone and outlet head piece three regions, charging low-temperature zone, high-temperature hot conversion zone and outlet head piece three area limit places all arrange collet, collet protrudes kiln lining, makes material utilize the barrier functionality of collet protrusion height make materials overturning and change orbit when entering different temperatures region; Described collet according to the different temperature section of hot equipment complete different functions: the collet arranged in low-temperature zone and high temperature section boundary is high temperature boundary collet, the collet arranged in the middle of from hot equipment fire end to flame afterbody 1-2 rice high temperature section is downdraf collet, hot equipment high-temperature material outlet sets out stream mouth collet, three collets all make top has the shape of inclined ladder shape protruding circular ring and perpendicular to hot equipment axis, and the degree of depth is gone directly outer box hat inwall.
The material of described high temperature boundary collet and downdraf collet imports the gradient and is less than the material derivation gradient, it is the 50%-75% that the gradient derived by material that material imports the gradient, it is all identical with the derivation gradient that high temperature boundary collet and the material of downdraf collet import the gradient, and the height protruding side kiln lining is also identical; High temperature boundary collet protrudes the 15%-20% that kiln lining partial width is less than downdraf collet, it is that 1/3 of the gradient derived by material that discharging head piece collet material imports the gradient, protrude 1.3-1.5 times that kiln lining height is high temperature boundary collet and downdraf collet, in kiln, length direction occupy-place is 1.3-1.8 times of high temperature boundary collet and downdraf collet.
High temperature section between high temperature boundary collet to discharging head piece collet, the length direction turning round hot equipment along cylindrical shape arranges thrust beam, thrust beam is embedded in kiln lining, thickness is identical with the kiln lining of arcuate surface, anchoring is fixed on outer box hat, be 8-10 times of kiln lining anchoring strength around, thrust beam arranges 1-6 road in kiln.
Described kiln lining is poured into a mould by piecemeal the some pieces of piecemeal kiln linings formed and is combined, outside between box hat inwall and kiln lining, drainage channel is set, kiln lining anchoring piece is directly anchored on outer box hat inwall, reserves dilatation joint in the surrounding of piecemeal kiln lining, the reserved steam vent in its surface.
Described reserved dilatation joint material is the hot volatile material of hard, and lay for discontinuity, in baker process before hot putting equipment in service hot volatile dilatation joint material heat is melted fly erosion, the gap absorbable expansion stress that stays, in baker process with steam vent together as the band pressure water and steam after expanding by the uneven temperature field of kiln lining and unbalanced pressure field-reversed by kiln lining, form the passage of thermotropism equipment center draining steam discharge.
Described kiln lining thickness is no more than the sandwich construction of 270 millimeters, inwardly be followed successively by by outer box hat the flexible painting bed of material being close to outer box hat, working lining that the two-layer isolation insulation layer bonded together with coating, high-strength castable are formed, and the thickness of working lining is more than 10 times of isolation insulation layer thickness, coating thickness is 2/3 of isolation insulation layer.
The working lining of described kiln lining adopts different high temperature resistant castable according to hot equipment different temperatures section: at low middle-temperature section, adopt the middle temperature castable refractory of heatproof less than 1000 DEG C, in high temperature section, adopt the high temperature, erosion resistant castable refractory of heatproof less than 1700 DEG C, in thermal-flame section, adopt the anti-softening castable refractory of high-temperature anti-corrosion of heatproof 1700 DEG C of temperature sections, at material outlet head piece place, adopt the high-strength wearable of less than 1700 DEG C temperature sections to damage castable.
The porch of described charging low-temperature zone is provided with charging aperture collet.
Overall for the castable of hot for large cylinder-shaped revolution equipment kiln lining, by heating material technique and kiln body, the mean temperature in different length region is divided into charging low-temperature zone, high-temperature hot conversion zone and outlet head piece three sections, in high-temperature hot conversion zone and charging low-temperature zone with export the collet that position boundary that head piece section is connected is provided with outstanding kiln lining surface, when material reaches collet by this temperature province, collet projection makes material be stopped and stagnates upset, thus change flow velocity and the running orbit of material, pin down and change material in a fluid stream shape of hot equipment and the time of staying, require better to complete thermal process and improve the thermal efficiency.
Evenly to divide by circular cross-section 360 degree of total arc length along outer steel shell inwall in the length axes direction of the hot equipment of large cylinder-shaped revolution and arrange one to several thrust beams, on ring cross-section, producing large slippage and play for controlling heating equipment kiln lining and outer box hat when turning round operation because of inertia layering, making kiln lining bear vibrations, tear tractive and damage.The anchor force of thrust beam and outer steel shell is 8-10 times of kiln lining and outer steel shell anchor force.Thrust beam is embedded in kiln lining, and concordant with kiln lining profile.
Described collet and thrust beam inside have buried some refractory material building blocks with emboss pit and high temperature resistant stainless steel anchoring piece underground, are welded to one another and are fixed on outer box hat inwall, form the skeleton of collet and thrust beam.The inner refractory material building block with emboss pit of collet and thrust beam and high-temperature metal anchoring piece interweave and define solid skeleton.The change that anchoring surface due to the refractory material building block with emboss pit amasss tens times of the surface area being metal anchorage and not Yin Wendu produces distortion and rocks, so the anchor force of collet and thrust beam inside is 8-10 times of side kiln lining anchor force, they together make with the high strength at high temperature castable refractory of particular arrangement becomes high strength at high temperature reinforcing bar refractory concrete parts, effective control and prevented tubular turn round hot equipment high temperature rotate run time the kiln lining kiln lining that causes because of uncompensated load that the installation gradient of hot equipment and materials inside produce at length direction before and after play, also effectively limit and cleared up the centrifugal force due to whole kiln body on gyratory directions, the axial impact that the kiln lining sliding transfer that bounce-back centripetal force causes brings to kiln lining destroys.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1) the present invention is by high-temperature hot conversion zone and charging low-temperature zone with export head piece section boundary and be provided with the feed ring of reversing gear protruding kiln lining surface, collet is anchored on outer box hat inwall, be 8-10 times of kiln lining anchoring strength, effectively contained the play that kiln lining produces in the longitudinal direction along gradient and displacement.Maintain the operating stability of kiln lining.Collet makes high-temperature region heat reflect more to be gathered in high-temperature area, to reflex on kiln lining inwall, improve the surface temperature of high-temperature region kiln inwall, make the material on kiln lining inwall receive higher temperature.Material, rolling by during collet, changes speed and a fluid stream shape of material, thus improves the time of staying of material in high-temperature region.Because kiln lining inside is provided with collet, improve thermal efficiency utilization rate, protect kiln body discharging opening shell steel structure parts;
2) the present invention is by staggered setting, be welded and fixed the various shape on box hat inwall outside, metal anchorage that various metals material makes, refractory material building block with emboss pit, configure the high-strength combination kiln lining made by castable refractory of unlike material model again, kiln lining self is constructed to be one to have high bulk strength and can the concrete member of the resistant to elevated temperatures high-strength specific combination run steady in a long-term;
3) the present invention is inner according to hot apparatus and process and temperature province, kiln lining stable equilibrium system appraisal result at kiln lining, divide according to temperature province in kiln lining ring cross-section direction, collet is provided with in middle low-temperature region, high-temperature area and material outlet district, not only cause outside material rolling, the speed changing material and a fluid stream shape at these collet positions, also effectively contained the slip of kiln lining along the gradient direction of kiln body;
4) the present invention also estimates according to kiln body swing system gravitational equilibrium, kiln lining ring cross-section arranges thrust beam, thrust beam is anchored on outer box hat inwall, anchor force is 8-10 times of side kiln lining, effectively abolish the resonance that the centrifugal force, the bounce-back centripetal force that produce causes to kiln lining that is in operation of kiln large-scale body to destroy, also effectively control the kiln lining ring-type direction slide displacement that when kiln lining rotates, kiln lining weight and materials inside weight are brought.Thus enhance the bond strength of kiln lining and inboard wall of furnace body and the bulk strength of kiln lining, prevent the mutual damaged in collision of kiln lining;
5) the present invention divides with the process characteristic of hot equipment and temperature province to determine castable kind, anchoring material kind and anchoring process that different technological requirements and temperature section use, to save kiln lining expenditure of construction as far as possible, kiln lining of the present invention is made to have optimum price Performance Ratio;
6) kiln lining of the present invention is that on-the-spot piecemeal is built, draining cavity passage is provided with between the inwall of box hat outside under construction and kiln lining, stay at the edge of every block kiln lining when piecemeal makes kiln lining and established dilatation joint, be installed with steam vent in the centre of every block kiln lining, jointly form drainage pipeline networks with the drainage channel of kiln lining bottom.Large cylinder-shaped revolution hot equipment kiln lining on average moisture 2-3 tons/cubic metres, baker initial stage kiln lining internal water expands with high temperature and forms pressurized vapor and sprays outside kiln lining, and effectively unobstructed drainage pipeline networks makes the kiln lining energy degree of safety of large-scale hot equipment cross drying-out period;
7) kiln lining of the present invention adopts the combination kiln lining of sandwich construction to arrange, layer flexible and heat-insulation layer thin layer kiln lining is provided with, for cushioning and clearing up intensity and hardness all very large impact force, resonance power between outer box hat and working lining kiln lining and the extruding force caused that expands in kiln lining working lining.Avoid the mutual destruction of the last two material.Meanwhile, due to the borderline properties in diabatic process, layer flexible heat-insulation layer has good barrier effect for the heat energy outwards transmitted from work kiln lining, decreases the heat leakage of hot equipment, reduces the hull-skin temperature of kiln body, improve the thermal efficiency, energy-conserving and environment-protective;
8) kiln lining of the present invention can efficient stable longtime running, and can substantially not damage also without special maintenance and maintenance for a long time, and kiln lining overhaul time can reach several years, is several times of brick life-span of kiln liner.Kiln lining can be built into the multi-purpose form of various shape according to technological requirement by kiln lining, meets different process requirement, has greatly widened the scope of application of large cylinder-shaped hot equipment.The integration of kiln lining and high strength will promote to manufacture out larger more various hot equipment of large cylinder-shaped revolution.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in the figure, a kind of cylindrical shape turns round the castable furnace binding of hot equipment, body of heater is divided into charging low-temperature zone, high-temperature hot conversion zone and outlet head piece three regions, charging low-temperature zone, high-temperature hot conversion zone and outlet head piece three area limit places all arrange collet, collet protrudes kiln lining, makes material utilize the barrier functionality of collet protrusion height make materials overturning and change orbit when entering different temperatures region; The described collet temperature section different according to hot equipment completes different functions: the collet arranged in low-temperature zone and high temperature section boundary is high temperature boundary collet 1, the collet arranged in the middle of from hot equipment fire end to flame afterbody 1-2 rice high temperature section is downdraf collet 2, hot equipment high-temperature material outlet sets out stream mouth collet 3, three collets all make top has the shape of inclined ladder shape protruding circular ring and perpendicular to hot equipment axis, and the degree of depth is gone directly outer box hat inwall.
The material of described high temperature boundary collet 1 and downdraf collet 2 imports the gradient and is less than the material derivation gradient, it is the 50%-75% that the gradient derived by material that material imports the gradient, it is all identical with the derivation gradient that high temperature boundary collet 1 and the material of downdraf collet 2 import the gradient, and the height protruding side kiln lining is also identical; High temperature boundary collet 1 protrudes the 15%-20% that kiln lining partial width is less than downdraf collet 2, it is that 1/3 of the gradient derived by material that discharging head piece collet 3 material imports the gradient, protrude 1.3-1.5 times that kiln lining height is high temperature boundary collet 1 and downdraf collet 2, in kiln, length direction occupy-place is 1.3-1.8 times of high temperature boundary collet 1 and downdraf collet 2.
High temperature section between high temperature boundary collet 1 to discharging head piece collet 3, the length direction turning round hot equipment along cylindrical shape arranges thrust beam, thrust beam is embedded in kiln lining, thickness is identical with the kiln lining of arcuate surface, anchoring is fixed on outer box hat, be 8-10 times of kiln lining anchoring strength around, thrust beam arranges 1-6 road in kiln.
Described kiln lining is poured into a mould by piecemeal the some pieces of piecemeal kiln linings formed and is combined and (kiln lining ring cross-section superheater axis is outwards evenly cut out point cambered surfaces such as fixed length and makes mould, field cast-in-place is adopted to build kiln lining when kiln lining is built, during construction, annulus kiln lining rectangle arc surface is pressed certain length, piecemeal cast kiln lining combination kiln lining), outside between box hat inwall and kiln lining, drainage channel is set, kiln lining anchoring piece is directly anchored on outer box hat inwall, dilatation joint is reserved, the reserved steam vent in its surface in the surrounding of piecemeal kiln lining.
Described reserved dilatation joint material is the hot volatile material of hard, and lay for discontinuity, in baker process before hot putting equipment in service hot volatile dilatation joint material heat is melted fly erosion, the gap absorbable expansion stress that stays, in baker process with steam vent together as the band pressure water and steam after expanding by the uneven temperature field of kiln lining and unbalanced pressure field-reversed by kiln lining, form the passage of thermotropism equipment center draining steam discharge.
Described kiln lining thickness is no more than the sandwich construction of 270 millimeters, inwardly be followed successively by by outer box hat the flexible painting bed of material being close to outer box hat, working lining that the two-layer isolation insulation layer bonded together with coating, high-strength castable are formed, and the thickness of working lining is more than 10 times of isolation insulation layer thickness, coating thickness is 2/3 of isolation insulation layer.
The working lining of described kiln lining adopts different high temperature resistant castable according to hot equipment different temperatures section: at low middle-temperature section, adopt the middle temperature castable refractory of heatproof less than 1000 DEG C, in high temperature section, adopt the high temperature, erosion resistant castable refractory of heatproof less than 1700 DEG C, in thermal-flame section, adopt the anti-softening castable refractory of high-temperature anti-corrosion of heatproof 1700 DEG C of temperature sections, at material outlet head piece place, adopt the high-strength wearable of less than 1700 DEG C temperature sections to damage castable.
The porch of described charging low-temperature zone is provided with charging aperture collet 4.
In the present invention, body of heater is divided into charging low-temperature zone, high-temperature hot conversion zone and material outlet head piece three sections, adopts the castable of different model specification as working lining respectively.The low high temperature that high-temperature hot conversion zone and charging low-temperature zone and the boundary that exports head piece section position are provided with kiln lining surface, outstanding side is demarcated collet, high-temperature region downdraf collet and material outlet head piece collet.Kiln lining ring cross-section is divided equally along kiln body length direction kiln lining circular arc length positions thrust beam is set.Collet and thrust beam are anchored on outer box hat inwall, and anchor force is 8-10 times of side kiln lining.Collet in kiln lining and thrust beam form the skeleton of whole kiln lining, effectively contain and prevent large cylinder-shaped hot equipment operationally kiln lining due to along kiln body gradient direction play and because the direction of rotation kiln lining that causes of gravitational difference slides.Cavity drainage passage is provided with between the external box hat of hot equipment kiln and kiln lining.Kiln lining to be evenly divided into multiple rectangle cambered surface piecemeal make in ring section, make kiln lining among a small circle Quick overhaul become possibility.Dilatation joint is reserved at every block kiln lining edge; reserved steam vent on every block kiln lining; stay the draining cavity passage of establishing to together constitute drainage pipeline networks bottom these dilatation joints and steam vent and kiln lining, take water and steam with pressure for expansion out of kiln lining quickly and effectively when baker, protection baker safety.Kiln lining divides does multilayer making, arranges layer flexible insulation thin layer kiln lining outside, to avoid the mutual extrusion and collision of outer box hat and working lining, reduce the external box hat temperature of kiln simultaneously, reduce kiln body heat and scatter and disappear between box hat and working lining.Kiln lining working lining divides the high-strength castable and anchoring material construction furnace lining that adopt different model and specification according to technological requirement and temperature province, to save construction cost as far as possible.High-temperature region kiln lining and collet, thrust beam are combined into skeleton with jointly making with the refractory material building block of emboss pit and high-temperature heat-resistance stainless steel metal, and the bulk strength being beneficial to the hot equipment kiln lining of huge revolving is stablized.