CN103819651A - Hard polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hard polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103819651A CN103819651A CN201410071866.1A CN201410071866A CN103819651A CN 103819651 A CN103819651 A CN 103819651A CN 201410071866 A CN201410071866 A CN 201410071866A CN 103819651 A CN103819651 A CN 103819651A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hard polyurethane foam material. The hard polyurethane foam material comprises an A component and a B component, wherein the A component is polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, and the B component comprises a polyol, a foam stabilizer, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a chain extender, a cross-linking agent and a composite reinforcing material. The hard polyurethane foam material has characteristics of high strength, light weight, low heat conduction, good thermal insulation effects, good sound insulation, foam pores mainly being a closed-pore type, capability of bearing large load, good wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, good dimension stability, and the like, and is suitable for the fields of insulating materials, thermal insulation materials, thermal insulation materials of building walls, sandwich laminated plates, structural materials, sound insulation materials, aviation materials, spaceflight materials, road repairing, and the like. The hard polyurethane foam material can also be used as wood-imitation materials with high strength and high density, and is suitable for manufacturing various furniture, etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rigid polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof, belong to building material field.
Background technology
The general functionality polyether glycols many, that hydroxyl value is high that adopt of common rigid polyurethane foam react with polyisocyanates more, make the high molecular polymer of cross-linked structure, the advantage such as it has that hardness is large, compressive strength is high, dimensional stability is better, quality is light, thermal conductivity is low, rate of closed hole more than 95%, anticorrosion antiwear are good, is widely used in various heat-insulating materials, sound-proof material, propping material and space material etc.But the intensity of common rigid polyurethane foam is unsatisfactory, cannot be applicable to, highway is repaired, agent structure gap is filled up and supported and the field such as imitative wooden furniture.
In order to address the above problem, Chinese patent 200610019610 has been announced a kind of high strength hard polyurethane foam plastics, in formula, add nano grade inorganic material, prepare new rigid polyurethane foam and improved 15~40% than original material mechanical performance, dimensional stability has improved more than 30%.Chinese patent 201310011152 discloses a kind of modified fly ash micro-sphere and has strengthened rigid polyurethane foam, fill rigid polyurethane foam by adopting modified coal ash, can effectively improve mechanical property and the resistance toheat of polyurethane foamed material, reduce production cost, and realize effective utilization of flyash, be the fabrication of new materials path of environmental protection, and can have brought huge economic benefit to society.
But the reinforced effects difference of different fillers to material, many technical performance indexs such as compressive strength, Young's modulus, dimensional stability, hardness, tensile strength and shock strength are often difficult to take into account, in prior art, still lack and can improve various aspects of performance index comprehensively, especially take into account the rigid polyurethane foam of three core index such as intensity, density, dimensional stability.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention discloses a kind of rigid polyurethane foam, by the creative research to moiety, gained rigid polyurethane foam has the features such as intensity is high, quality is light, heat conduction is low, dimensional stability is good, wear-and corrosion-resistant is good, is widely used in that heat-insulating material, sound-proof material, space material, highway are repaired, agent structure gap fills up and support and the numerous areas such as imitative wooden furniture.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of rigid polyurethane foam, is made up of A component and B component, and wherein, A component is poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate; B component comprises polyvalent alcohol, suds-stabilizing agent, catalyzer, whipping agent, chainextender, linking agent and composite reinforcing material.
The consumption of above-mentioned various compositions can be adjusted as required, as long as make A, B two components carry out free foaming.
Preferably, each composition consumption is, in parts by weight A component: poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate 90-120; B component: polyvalent alcohol 80-120, suds-stabilizing agent 1-5, catalyzer 0.5-8, whipping agent 10-25, chainextender 1-10, linking agent 2-10 and composite reinforcing material 5-30.
In the present invention, poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate used, is called for short PAPI, claims again thick MDI, polymeric MDI, concrete product can be bought from preparation company, includes but not limited to one or more mixture of the product such as M20S, PM-200,44V20,5005, PAPI-27.
Preferably, described poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate functionality is between 2.5-3.0, and NCO massfraction is 30.5-32.5.
In the present invention, described polyvalent alcohol can be polyether glycol, polyester polyol, is preferably the mixture of polyester polyol and polyether glycol.
Wherein, polyester polyol is selected from aromatic polyester and/or rosen polyester, includes but not limited to one or more the mixture of PS-3152, PS-2402, PS-2502A, PS-3802, PS-2752, SKR-400C, SKR-410, SKR-380B etc.
Wherein, polyether glycol includes but not limited to one or more the mixture in SU-450L, SU-415M, SA-460, SA-490, DD-4110, NT-330B, R2403, R2438A, R420, R2305, R3004A, GEP-330N.
In the present invention, suds-stabilizing agent can adopt the conventional stablizer in foam materials field, includes but not limited to one or more the mixture in AK8812, AK8805, AK8832, AK-8806, AK6618, L560, B8462, B8453, B8444, Silbyk TP-3798, Silbyk TP-3799.
In the present invention, described catalyzer is amine and/or organo-metallic catalyst, is preferably the mixture of amines catalyst (0.5-7 part) and organo-metallic catalyst (0.1-1 part).
Wherein, amines catalyst comprises trolamine, triethylene diamine, diethylenetriamine, N, the mixture of one or more in N-dimethyl benzylamine, three (dimethylamino-propyl) Hexahydrotriazine; Organo-metallic catalyst comprises a kind of in the dibutyl tin laurate (T-120) of organo-bismuth, dibutyl tin laurate (T-12), stannous octoate (T-9) and modification or more than one mixture.
In the present invention, whipping agent can adopt this area common type, includes but not limited to one or more the mixture in HCFC-141b, HCFC-123, HCFC-22, water, HFC-245fa, Solkane365mfc, Skellysolve A, iso-pentane, pentamethylene.
In the present invention, chainextender is selected from trolamine, 3,3 '-bis-chloro-4,4 '-diphenylmethanediamiand, glycol ether, butyleneglycol, 3, the mixture of one or more in 5-dimethythiotoluene diamine, ethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerol, dipropylene glycol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-hexalin.
In the present invention, linking agent is one or more the mixture in TriMethylolPropane(TMP), trolamine, small molecules polyether triol, glycerine, diethanolamine, glycol amine, two-2-(hydroxypropyl) aniline.
In the present invention, composite reinforcing material is that fiber (3-10 part) and inorganic particle (5-20 part) are compound.
Wherein, fiber is selected one or more the mixture in glass fibre, vegetable fibre, organic fibre and carbon fiber, and inorganic particle is selected glass microballon, SiO
2, calcium carbonate, graphite, SiC, TiO
2in one or more mixture.
Accordingly, the invention discloses the preparation method of described rigid polyurethane foam, A component is added in B component, high-speed stirring, makes its free foaming.
Preferably, the temperature of reaction of free foaming is 15~40 ℃, and the curing time of free foaming is 30min.
The experiment that applicant carries out shows, the features such as foam material of the present invention has that intensity is high, quality is light, heat conduction is low, dimensional stability is good, insulation effect is good, rate of closed hole more than 95%, soundproof effect is good, wear-and corrosion-resistant is good, are widely used in that heat-insulating material, sound-proof material, laminboard layer plywood, structured material, aerospace material, highway are repaired, agent structure gap fills up and support and the numerous areas such as imitative wooden furniture.
Embodiment
The invention spirit can better understand the present invention in conjunction with embodiment; but the present invention is not restricted to only adopt following method to realize; those skilled in the art carry out according to existing general knowledge on this basis change, replacement etc. still belong to protection scope of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is covered by its claim and equivalents thereof.
Embodiment 1
A component: weigh 100 parts of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates PAPI, trade mark M20S, the massfraction of NCO is 31.4%, viscosity (25 ℃) for 200mPas average functionality be 2.7 (Shanghai branch officies of BASF China).
The preparation of B component: at 25 ℃ of temperature, by the suds-stabilizing agent AK-8806, diethylenetriamine, the T-120 of 0.8 part, the Solkane365mfc of 18.0 parts, the ethylene glycol of 5.0 parts, the trolamine of 4.0 parts, the glass fibre of 7.0 parts and the SiO of 8.0 parts of 4.0 parts that weigh 3.0 parts
2join agitator, weigh in advance in 75 parts of polyether glycol SU-415M and 25 parts of polyester polyol PS-3802, stir 360s through agitator, rotating speed is 120r/min.
Wherein polyether glycol SU-415M, hydroxyl value 400~430mgKOH/g, viscosity (25 ℃) is 2000~5000mPas (Shandong Lanxing Dongda Chemical Co.,Ltd); Polyester polyol PS-3802, hydroxyl value 380~400mgKOH/g, viscosity (25 ℃) is 3000 ± 500mPas (Qingdao Rui Nuo Chemical Co., Ltd.); Silicon foams stablizer AK-8806 (Yantai hundred million reaches urethane company limited); Diethylenetriamine (Shanghai Ying Gu Chemical Co., Ltd.); T-120 (air Chemicals (China) Investment Co., Ltd); Solkane365mfc (Su Wei fluorine chemistry company limited); Ethylene glycol (Shenzhen San Yuan Chemical Co., Ltd.); Trolamine (Fushun Yi Long Chemical Co., Ltd.); Glass fibre (Ya Taida Science and Technology Ltd. of Shenzhen); SiO
2(Shijiazhuang City Xin Yuanxin industry company limited).
Preparation method: 20g A component is poured 25g B component into, take rotating speed as 220r/min high-speed stirring 3-4s, makes its free foaming, slaking 30min.
High-strength rigid polyurethane foam has been carried out to performance test, and result is as table 1.
Table 1 the performance test results
Embodiment 2
A component: weigh 100 parts of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates PAPI, trade mark 44V20, the massfraction of NCO is 30.2-32.0%, viscosity (25 ℃) for 150-250mPas average functionality be 2.7 (Bayer chemistry).
The preparation of B component: at 25 ℃ of temperature, by the suds-stabilizing agent Silbyk TP-3798, triethylene diamine, the T-9 of 0.5 part, the HCFC-123 of 18.0 parts, the glycerol of 6.0 parts, the TriMethylolPropane(TMP) of 5.0 parts, the carbon fiber of 7.0 parts and the TiO of 8.0 parts of 5.0 parts that weigh 4.0 parts
2join agitator, weigh in advance in 75 parts of polyether glycol SU-450L and 25 parts of polyester polyol SKR-410, stir 360s through agitator, rotating speed is 120r/min.
Wherein polyether glycol SU-450L, molecular weight 586, hydroxyl value 440~460mgKOH/g, viscosity (25 ℃) is 6000~10000mPas (Shandong Lanxing Dongda Chemical Co.,Ltd); Polyester polyol SKR-410, hydroxyl value 400~420mgKOH/g, viscosity (25 ℃) is 3000 ± 500mPas (Qingdao Rui Nuo Chemical Co., Ltd.); Silicon foams stablizer Silbyk TP-3798 (Bi Ke chemistry); Triethylene diamine (Shanghai Ying Gu Chemical Co., Ltd.); Silicon foams stablizer AK-8806 (Yantai hundred million reaches urethane company limited); T-9 (air Chemicals (China) Investment Co., Ltd); HCFC-123 (U.S.'s Dihua work); Glycerol (Shenzhen San Yuan Chemical Co., Ltd.); TriMethylolPropane(TMP) (the high letter in Jiangxi); Carbon fiber T-300 (toray); TiO
2(Henan Huarong).
Preparation method: weigh 21g A component and pour 20g B component into, take rotating speed as 220r/min high-speed stirring 3-4s, make its free foaming, slaking 30min.
High-strength rigid polyurethane foam has been carried out to performance test, and result is as table 2.
Table 2 the performance test results
Embodiment 3
A component: weigh 110 parts of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates PAPI, trade mark PM-200, the massfraction of NCO is 30.8%, viscosity (25 ℃) for 166mPas average functionality be 2.6 (Yantai ten thousand China).
The preparation of B component: at 25 ℃ of temperature, by the suds-stabilizing agent AK-6618, the N of 6.5 parts that weigh 4.5 parts, N-dimethyl benzylamine, 1 part T-12,20 parts pentamethylene, 6.0 parts 3,5-dimethythiotoluene diamine, 8.0 parts two-2-(hydroxypropyl) aniline, the glass fibre of 8.0 parts and the SiC of 10.0 parts join agitator, weigh in advance in 70 parts of polyether glycol DD-4110 and 30 parts of polyester polyol SKR-400C, stir 360s through agitator, rotating speed is 120r/min.
Wherein polyether glycol DD-4110, hydroxyl value 430~470mgKOH/g, viscosity (25 ℃) is 3000~6000mPas (Shandong Lanxing Dongda Chemical Co.,Ltd); Polyester polyol SKR-400C, hydroxyl value 390~410mgKOH/g, viscosity (25 ℃) is 2500 ± 500mPas (Qingdao Rui Nuo Chemical Co., Ltd.); Silicon foams stablizer AK-6618 (Yantai hundred million reaches urethane company limited); N, N-dimethyl benzylamine (Shanghai Ying Gu Chemical Co., Ltd.); T-12 (air Chemicals (China) Investment Co., Ltd); Pentamethylene (Su Wei fluorine chemistry company limited); 3,5-dimethythiotoluene diamine (day one-tenth chemical industry); Two-2-(hydroxypropyl) aniline (bright cutting edge of a knife or a sword chemical industry); Glass fibre (Ya Taida Science and Technology Ltd. of Shenzhen); SiC (Shijiazhuang City Xin Yuanxin industry company limited).
Preparation method: weigh 20g A component and pour 20g B component into, take rotating speed as 220r/min high-speed stirring 3-4s, make its free foaming, slaking 35min.
High-strength rigid polyurethane foam has been carried out to performance test, and result is as table 3.
Table 3 the performance test results
Claims (10)
1. a rigid polyurethane foam, is characterized in that being made up of A component and B component, and wherein, A component is poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate; B component comprises polyvalent alcohol, suds-stabilizing agent, catalyzer, whipping agent, chainextender, linking agent and composite reinforcing material.
2. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that each composition consumption is, in parts by weight A component: poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate 90-120; B component: polyvalent alcohol 80-120, suds-stabilizing agent 1-5, catalyzer 0.5-8, whipping agent 10-25, chainextender 1-10, linking agent 2-10 and composite reinforcing material 8-30.
3. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that described poly methylene poly phenyl poly isocyanate functionality is between 2.5-3.0, and NCO massfraction is 30.5-32.5.
4. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that described polyvalent alcohol is the mixture of polyester polyol and polyether glycol.
5. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that described catalyzer is amine and/or organo-metallic catalyst.
6. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described chainextender is selected from trolamine, 3,3 '-bis-chloro-4,4 '-diphenylmethanediamiand, glycol ether, butyleneglycol, 3, the mixture of one or more in 5-dimethythiotoluene diamine, ethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerol, dipropylene glycol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-hexalin.
7. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, is characterized in that described linking agent is one or more the mixture in TriMethylolPropane(TMP), trolamine, small molecules polyether triol, glycerine, diethanolamine, glycol amine, two-2-(hydroxypropyl) aniline.
8. rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described composite reinforcing material is that fiber and inorganic particle are compound, fiber is selected one or more the mixture in glass fibre, vegetable fibre, organic fibre and carbon fiber, and inorganic particle is selected one or more the mixture in glass microballon, SiO2, calcium carbonate, graphite, SiC, TiO2.
9. the preparation method of above-mentioned arbitrary described rigid polyurethane foam, is characterized in that A component to add in B component, and high-speed stirring, makes its free foaming.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, the temperature of reaction that it is characterized in that free foaming is 15~40 ℃, the curing time of free foaming is 25~35min.
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