CN103814006B - There is the hydroformylation process of the catalyst stability of improvement in the reaction - Google Patents
There is the hydroformylation process of the catalyst stability of improvement in the reaction Download PDFInfo
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- C07C45/49—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/65746—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus the molecule containing more than one cyclic phosphorus atom
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
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- C07C47/00—Compounds having —CHO groups
- C07C47/20—Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C47/222—Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with only carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation
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- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydroformylation process in the reaction with the catalyst stability of improvement.Advantageously; the invention provides a kind of hydroformylation process; in hydroformylation reaction, wherein add a kind of special α; beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound prevents the alkyl phosphite decomposed by phosphite ester ligand from playing the effect of catalyzer poison, which thereby enhances reaction yield and inhibits the decomposition of part and catalyzer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydroformylation process of the catalyst stability in the reaction with improvement.More specifically; the present invention relates to a kind of hydroformylation process; in hydroformylation reaction, wherein add a kind of special α; beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound prevents the alkyl phosphite decomposed by phosphite ester ligand from playing the effect of catalyzer poison, which thereby enhances reaction yield and inhibits the decomposition of part and catalyzer.
Background technology
Hydroformylation reaction is under the existence of homogeneous phase organo-metallic catalyst and part, by by various alkene and carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H
2) (being commonly referred to synthetic gas) reaction prepares carbonatoms and increase the straight chain (eurymeric) of and the reaction of side chain (abnormal shape) aldehyde, first it found in Germany in 1938 by Otto Roelen.
In general; hydroformylation reaction is also referred to as carbongl group synthesis reaction; it is industrial considerable reaction in homogeneous catalyst reaction; the various aldehyde comprising the alcohol derivate of about 8,400,000 tons in calendar year 2001 are all produced by carbonylic synthesis technology and use (SRI report; November2002,682.7000A).
The various aldehyde synthesized by carbongl group synthesis reaction are converted to acid as aldehyde derivatives and alcohol by oxidation or hydrogenation process.In addition, after aldol reaction etc., aldehyde can oxidized or hydrogenation, then changes into the various acid and alcohol that comprise long alkyl.The alcohol obtained by the aldehyde hydrogenation obtained by this carbongl group synthesis reaction is called as oxo alcohol.Oxo alcohol is industrially widely used as the material of solvent, additive, various softening agent and synthetic lubricant.
Known metal-carbonyl compound catalyzer has activity as the catalyzer of hydroformylation reaction, and the catalyzer of industrial use is usually based on cobalt (Co) and rhodium (Rh).The N/I selectivity of the aldehyde the produced ratio of special-shaped aldehyde (the eurymeric aldehyde with) depends on the kind of catalyzer and part, and operational condition.
At present, although there is such as high catalyst cost and the problem by the poisoning catalyst activity deterioration caused, but the carbonylic synthesis technology of more than 70% uses low pressure carbonylic synthesis technology on All Around The World, wherein, due to high catalyst activity, high N/I selectivity and relatively easy reaction conditions, excessive Phosphine ligands is joined in the catalyzer based on rhodium.
As the central metal of carbongl group synthesis reaction catalyzer, transition metal can be used, such as cobalt (Co) and rhodium (Rh), and iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni).The order of the catalyst activity that each metal demonstrates is Rh>>Co>Ir, Ru>Os>Pt>PdGre atT.GreaT.GTFe>Ni.
Co, Rh, Pt and Ru are group VIII transition metal, and they demonstrate extraordinary catalytic activity in carbongl group synthesis reaction process.Pt and Ru is only applied in research application, and the carbonylic synthesis technology of most of commercial applications is all based on rhodium and cobalt, and their representative example comprises HCo (CO)
4, HCo (CO)
3pBu
3with HRh (CO) (PR
3)
3.
The part that carbonylic synthesis technology uses comprises phosphine (PR
3, wherein R represents C
6h
5or n-C
4h
9), phosphine oxide and phosphorous acid ester.Other containing n-donor ligands comprise amine, acid amides, isonitrile etc.But, due to the strong coordination of these parts and its metal, with comprise phosphine part catalytic activity compared with, these parts have significantly lower catalytic activity.Particularly, when using rhodium as central metal, in catalytic activity and stability, part is not almost had to be better than triphenylphosphine (TPP).
Eastman Kodak (Eastman Kodak) and Union Carbide Corporation's (Union Carbide) (being incorporated to Dow Chemical) develop and demonstrate high catalytic activity and high N/I optionally didentate phosphine ligand (US4694109, US4668651), and bisphosphite ligands is applied in some carbonylic synthesis technologies by known Dow Chemical.
Meanwhile, U.S. Patent No. 4,668,651 disclose the poly-phosphite ester ligand represented by part B in embodiment 6 to 9, and these parts demonstrate significantly low N/I selectivity, although demonstrate very high catalytic activity.
Use phosphorous acid ester to be as the disadvantage of the carbongl group synthesis reaction of part, in reaction process, phosphite ester ligand resolves into the alkyl phosphite being known as catalyzer poison, deteriorates reaction yield and adds the decomposition of part and catalyzer.
Korean Patent No.0198688 discloses a kind of method, the method by adding low acidified compound, add water or the alkyl phosphite produced as catalyzer poison by phosphite ester ligand in reaction process is changed into the adducts of relative inertness by epoxy compounds, or disclose a kind of method reducing phosphite ester ligand and decompose.This method can not improve catalyst production and stability satisfactorily.
Summary of the invention
Therefore; be thought of as and solved the problem and complete the present invention; and an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydroformylation process; in hydroformylation reaction, wherein add a kind of special α; beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound prevents the alkyl phosphite decomposed by phosphite ester ligand from playing the effect of catalyzer poison, which thereby enhances reaction yield and inhibits the decomposition of part and catalyzer.
All these objects can both be realized by following the present invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention; provide hydroformylation process; described hydroformylation process is by making under existing at the transition metal generated by transition-metal catalyst and phosphite ester ligand-phosphorous acid ester coordination compound catalyzer to prepare aldehyde based on the unsaturated compound of alkene and carbon monoxide and hydrogen reaction; wherein, described reaction is undertaken by the compound shown in general formula 1 to 4 by adding further below one or more.
[general formula 1]
[general formula 2]
[general formula 3]
[general formula 4]
Beneficial effect
As mentioned above; effect of the present invention is; provide a kind of hydroformylation process; in hydroformylation reaction, wherein add a kind of special α; beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound prevents the alkyl phosphite decomposed by phosphite ester ligand from playing the effect of catalyzer poison, which thereby enhances reaction yield and inhibits the decomposition of part and catalyzer.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Below, the present invention will be described in detail.
The hydroformylation process in reaction process with the catalyst stability of improvement according to the present invention is so a kind of hydroformylation process; it is by making under existing at the transition metal generated by transition-metal catalyst and phosphite ester ligand-phosphorous acid ester coordination compound catalyzer to prepare aldehyde based on the unsaturated compound of alkene and carbon monoxide and hydrogen reaction; wherein, described reaction is undertaken by the compound below shown in general formula 1 to 4 by adding one or more further:
[general formula 1]
(wherein, R' and R " represent the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl with 1 to 3 carbon atom independently of one another, and R' " represent the substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms),
[general formula 2]
(wherein, Ra represents hydrogen, and Rb represents the substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and Rc represents hydrogen or alkyl)
[general formula 3]
(wherein, Rd and Re represents the substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms independently of one another)
[general formula 4]
(wherein, Rf and Rg represents hydrogen or alkyl independently of one another).
Alkyl phosphite (in hydroformylation reaction technological process by catalyzer poison that the decomposition of phosphite ester ligand generates) is converted into inert compound by the compound represented by general formula 1 to 4, keeps catalyst activity and drastically increases reaction yield.
Relative to the phosphite ester ligand that a mole adds in reaction process, the compound represented by general formula 1 to 4 preferably adds 0.5 to 10 mole, more preferably 0.5 to 2 mole separately.Within the scope of this, can advantageously rugged catalyst and part.
Although the opportunity and the method that add the compound represented by general formula 1 to 4 do not limit, but in reaction process process, described compound and catalyzer and phosphorous acid ester are added simultaneously, or when alkyl phosphite (catalyzer poison) being detected, collect and add the catalyzer of part through reaction, when then being transported back reactor, add described compound.In these methods, the one easily implemented preferably is used.A kind of front method does not need the equipment collecting and process catalyzer, but owing to processing with the compound represented by general formula 1 to 4, should remove the alkyl phosphite of constantly precipitation in technological process simultaneously.A kind of rear method has and front a kind of method reverse effect.
In hydroformylation reaction process, each in the compound represented by general formula 1 to 4 preferably remains on 0.1 to 5 % by weight, the more preferably amount of 0.5 to 2 % by weight.Within the scope of this, can advantageously rugged catalyst and part.
Described phosphite ester ligand is preferably the mixture of bisphosphite ligands and poly-phosphite ester ligand, or the mixture of bisphosphite ligands and single phosphite ester ligand.In the case, catalyst activity and N/I selectivity can greatly be provided.
Described bisphosphite ligands is preferably the compound represented by general formula 5 below:
[general formula 5]
Wherein R
1to R
8and R
1' to R
8' similar and different independently of one another, and represent hydrogen, C
1to C
20alkyl, alkoxyl group, aryl, carboxyl, aryloxy, alkyl-carbonyl, amide group (-CONH), nitro (-NO
2), halogen, cyano group (-CN), silyl (-SiR
3, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxyl group) and sulfenyl (-SR, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxyl group).
More specifically, described bisphosphite ligands is preferably selected from 2,2'-two (((2, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-)-oxygen)-3,3', 5,5'-tetra-tert-1,1'-biphenyl (ISO-44) and 2,2'-two (((the two phenoxy group of 2,2'--) phosphino-)-oxygen)-3,3'-di-t-butyls-5, in 5'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl one or more.
Described poly-phosphite ester ligand is the compound represented by general formula 6 below:
[general formula 6]
Wherein R
9to R
12, R
9' to R
12', R
9" to R
12" and R
9' " to R
12' " similar and different independently of one another, and be selected from hydrogen, C
1to C
20alkyl, alkoxyl group, aryl, carboxyl, aryloxy, alkyl-carbonyl, amide group (-CONH), nitro (-NO
2), halogen, cyano group (-CN), silyl (-SiR
3, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxyl group) and sulfenyl (-SR, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxyl group), and n is 1 to 4.
More specifically, described poly-phosphite ester ligand is for being selected from 1,4-two (((4,4'-dimethoxy-6,6'-di-t-butyl-2, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) benzene (part B), 4, two (((4,4'-dimethoxy-6, the 6'-di-t-butyl-2 of 4'-, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) biphenyl (44-BP) and 1,4-two (((4,4', 6, the two phenoxy groups of 6'-tetra-tert-2,2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) at least one in benzene.
Described single phosphite ester ligand is preferably the compound represented by general formula 7 below.
[general formula 7]
Wherein R
13to R
21and R
13' to R
16' similar and different independently of one another, and be selected from hydrogen, C
1to C
20alkyl, alkoxyl group, aryl, carboxyl, aryloxy, alkyl-carbonyl, amide group (-CONH), nitro (-NO
2), halogen, cyano group (-CN), silyl (-SiR
3, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxyl group) and sulfenyl (-SR, wherein R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and alkoxyl group).
More specifically, described single phosphite ester ligand is preferably selected from 4,4'-dimethoxy-6,6'-di-t-butyl-2, two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base benzene (BPP), 4,4', 6 of 2'-, 6'-tetra-tert-2, the two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base benzene of 2'-, 2,2'-two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base-2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylbenzene and 2, at least one in two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base-2, the 6-di-tert-butyl of 2'-.
Relative to the transition-metal catalyst of 1 mole, the content of described bisphosphite ligands, poly-phosphite ester ligand and single phosphite ester ligand is preferably 0.5 to 100 mole, more preferably 1 to 20 mole separately.When the content of described phosphite ester ligand is less than 0.5 mole, the problem relevant to catalyst stabilization may be there is, and when content is greater than 100 moles, employs excessive expensive ligands and there is no special benefit, cause cost to increase.
Described transition metal is preferably the compound represented by general formula 8 below.
[general formula 8]
M(L
1)
x(L
2)
y(L
3)
z
Wherein, M is selected from cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh) and iridium (Ir), L
1, L
2and L
3be selected from hydrogen, CO, cyclooctadiene, norbornylene, chlorine, triphenylphosphine and methyl ethyl diketone independently of one another, and x, y and z are independently 0 to 5 separately, condition be x, y different with z time be 0.
The compound represented by general formula 8 is preferably under conditions: L
1cO, L
2methyl ethyl diketone, and x and y be respectively 2 and 1 situation (when methyl ethyl diketone, described compound is the part that two Sauerstoffatoms are coordinated on transition metal separately, and in this case, L
3do not exist); L
1cO, L
2methyl ethyl diketone, L
3be triphenylphosphine, and x, y and z are the situations of 1; And L
1cO, L
2hydrogen, L
3be triphenylphosphine, and x, y and z are the situation of 1,1 and 3 independently of one another.
Described transition-metal catalyst is preferably selected from least one in lower group: cobalt-carbonyl (Co (CO)
8), rhodium dicarbonyl acetylacetonate (Rh (AcAc) (CO)
2), methyl ethyl diketone carbonyl triphenylphosphine rhodium (Rh (AcAc) (CO) (TPP)), carbonyl three (triphenylphosphine) hydrogenation Rh (HRh (CO) (TPP)
3), methyl ethyl diketone dicarbapentaborane iridium (Ir (AcAc) (CO)
2) and carbonyl three (triphenylphosphine) hydrogenation iridium (HIr (CO) (TPP)
3), more preferably rhodium dicarbonyl acetylacetonate (Rh (AcAc) (CO)
2).
Based on the gross weight of the reaction product in reactor; as the content of the free transition metal added in the reaction medium of hydroformylation process; the add-on of described transition-metal catalyst is about 10 to 1000ppm, is preferably about 10 to 500ppm, is more preferably about 25 to 500ppm.When described content is less than 10ppm, it is preferably commercial for reducing hydroformylation reaction speed, and when described content is more than 1000ppm, transition metal is expensive, causes cost to improve, and in speed of reaction, there is no more excellent effect.
In embodiment more specifically, described hydroformylation process comprises the following steps: a) be dissolved in by the bisphosphite ligands represented by general formula 5 in solvent to prepare ligand solution; B) the poly-phosphite ester ligand represented by general formula 6 or single phosphite ester ligand of being represented by general formula 7 are dissolved in solvent to prepare ligand solution; C) transition-metal catalyst represented by general formula 8 is dissolved in solvent with Kaolinite Preparation of Catalyst solution; And ligand solution, the step c of preparation in d) making step a) and b)) in the compound that represented by general formula 1 to 4 of the catalyst solution of preparation and at least one with Kaolinite Preparation of Catalyst composition, then react further with based on the compound of alkene and synthetic gas (comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen).
The described compound based on alkene and adding further of synthetic gas preferably carry out when the internal temperature of reactor reaches temperature of reaction, stir catalyst composition simultaneously, more preferably carry out after the internal temperature of reactor reaches temperature of reaction and this temperature of reaction is stable, stir catalyst composition simultaneously.As a reference, the interior pressure of reactor depends on the pressure of reactant gases.
Unsaturated compound based on alkene is preferably the compound represented by general formula 9 below.
[general formula 9]
Wherein, R
22and R
23be selected from hydrogen, C independently of one another
1to C
20alkyl, bromine (-F), chlorine (-Cl), bromine (-Br), trifluoromethyl (-CF
3) and there is 0 to 5 substituent C
6to C
20phenyl (wherein, subscript 6 and 20 represents carbonatoms).The substituting group of described phenyl is selected from nitro (-NO
2), bromine (-F), chlorine (-Cl), bromine (-Br), methyl, ethyl, propyl group and butyl.
Specifically, the described unsaturated compound based on alkene is be selected from least one compound in ethene, propylene, 1-butylene, 1-amylene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, vinylbenzene etc.
Described solvent is be selected from the aldehydes comprising propionic aldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeral etc.; Comprise the alcohols of ethanol, amylalcohol, octanol, hexanol etc.; Comprise the ketone of acetone, methylethylketone, methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK), methyl phenyl ketone, pimelinketone etc.; Comprise the aromatic solvent of benzene,toluene,xylene etc., comprise the halogenated aromatic solvents of orthodichlorobenzene; Comprise the ethers of tetrahydrofuran (THF), glycol dimethyl ether, diox etc.; Comprise the halogenated alkane hydro carbons of methylene dichloride; With at least one compound in paraffinic, and be preferably aldehyde or aromatic solvent.
Carbon monoxide mixes (volume) than (CO:H with hydrogen
2) be not particularly limited, be about 5:95 to 70:30, preferably approximately 40:60 to 60:40, more preferably about 1:1.
The mol ratio of described alkene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen is not particularly limited, as long as it is generally used for preparing aldehyde from alkene.
In described hydroformylation process, temperature of reaction is about 20 to 180 DEG C, is preferably about 50 to 150 DEG C, more preferably about 75 to 105 DEG C.
In described hydroformylation process, reaction pressure is about 1 to 700 bar, is preferably 1 to 300 bar.
Reaction according to described hydroformylation process is described by following reaction formula 1 or reaction formula 2.
[reaction formula 1]
[reaction formula 2]
Embodiment
Now, in more detail the present invention is described with reference to the following examples.These embodiments are only provided for explaining and the present invention are described, and should not be construed as and limit the scope of the invention and essence.
[embodiment]
embodiment 1
By the rhodium dicarbonyl acetylacetonate (Rh (AcAc) (CO) of 0.0125g (0.049mmol) as catalyzer
2), the 3-(benzylidene as the compound represented by general formula 1 0.092g(0.49mmol)) pentane-2, 4-diketone (BPD), 0.204g(0.24mmol) as 2 of bisphosphite ligands, 2'-two (((2, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-)-oxygen)-3, 3', 5, 5'-tetra-tert-1, 1'-biphenyl (ISO-44) and 0.215g(0.24mmol) as gathering 1 of phosphite ester ligand, 4-two (((4, 4'-dimethoxy-6, 6'-di-t-butyl-2, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) benzene (part B) obtains the solution of 50g in being dissolved in as solvent butyraldehyde.This solution is put into the autoclave reactor of 200ml.
Propylene (alkene), CO and H of mol ratio 1:1:1 will be comprised
2reactant gases injecting reactor in, the internal pressure of reactor is adjusted to 6 bar, then keeps this pressure, simultaneously carries out reaction 1 hour 80 DEG C of stirrings.
embodiment 2
Except using 0.114g(0.488mmol) 2-benzylidene-1H-indenes-1,3 (2H)-diketone (BID) replace as the compound of general formula 2, beyond the compound that represented by general formula 1, carrying out technique in the same manner as example 1.
embodiment 3
Except using 0.72g(0.482mmol) toluylic acid, R-imino--(BAAI) replaces as the compound of general formula 3, beyond the compound that represented by general formula 1, carrying out technique in the same manner as example 1.
embodiment 4
Except use 0.132g(0.488mmol) (Z)-2-phenylmethylene-3 (2H)-benzo [b] thiophene-3-ketone-1,1-dioxide (BMBTD) replaces as the compound of general formula 4, beyond the compound that represented by general formula 1, carrying out technique in the same manner as example 1.
< comparing embodiment 1 to 2>
Except not adding the compound (comparing embodiment 1) that represented by general formula 1 or using 0.09g(0.49mmol) 1,2-Epoxydodecane replaces, beyond the compound (comparing embodiment 2) that represented by general formula 1, carrying out technique in the same manner as example 1.
[testing example]
N/I selectivity and the catalyst activity of the aldehyde prepared in embodiment 1 to 4 and comparing embodiment 1 and 2 are measured according to following method.The result obtained like this is presented in table 1 below.
* N/I selectivity: by by the value measured of the amount of produced butyraldehyde-n divided by produced isobutyric aldehyde, and the amount being measured the aldehyde produced by gas-chromatography (GC) analysis.
* catalyst activity (kgmol (BAL)/mol (Rh)/h): by by the total amount of the aldehyde produced in reaction process divided by butyraldehyde molecular weight, use the concentration of catalyzer and reaction times to obtain value.
* burn-in test: measure catalyst activity in different digestion times, will there is the CO:H of 1:1 mol ratio simultaneously
2gas join in solution, and keep the internal pressure of reactor at 10 bar and 120 DEG C of stirrings.
Table 1
As can be seen from table 1 above; with the situation (comparing embodiment 1) not adding compound 1 to 3 or add epoxy compounds situation (comparing embodiment 2) compared with, the hydroformylation process (embodiment 1 to 3) added according to compound 1 to 3 of the present invention demonstrates high N/I selectivity and stably keeps catalyst activity.
Can as apparent from foregoing; invention advantageously provides a kind of hydroformylation process; wherein in hydroformylation reaction process, add a kind of special α; beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound prevents the alkyl phosphite decomposed by phosphite ester ligand from playing the effect of catalyzer poison, which thereby enhances reaction yield and inhibits the decomposition of part and catalyzer.
Although disclose the preferred embodiment of the present invention for purpose of explanation, but those of skill in the art will understand, when do not depart from the dependent claims disclosed scope of the present invention and essence, various improved procedure may be had, add mode and alternative.
Claims (7)
1. a hydroformylation process; described hydroformylation process is by making under existing at the transition metal generated by transition-metal catalyst and phosphite ester ligand-phosphorous acid ester coordination compound catalyzer to prepare aldehyde based on the unsaturated compound of alkene and carbon monoxide and hydrogen reaction; wherein, described reaction is undertaken by the compound added further below one or more shown in general formula 1 to 4:
[general formula 1]
Wherein, R' and R " represent the unsubstituted alkyl with 1 to 3 carbon atom independently of one another, and R' " represent the unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms,
[general formula 2]
Wherein, Ra represents hydrogen, and Rb represents the unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and Rc represents hydrogen,
[general formula 3]
Wherein, Rd and Re represents the unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 12 carbon atoms independently of one another,
[general formula 4]
Wherein, Rf and Rg represents hydrogen,
Wherein, described transition metal is the compound represented by general formula 8 below:
[general formula 8]
M(L
1)
x(L
2)
y(L
3)
z
Wherein, M is rhodium (Rh), L
1, L
2and L
3be selected from hydrogen, CO, cyclooctadiene, norbornylene, chlorine, triphenylphosphine and methyl ethyl diketone independently of one another, and x, y and z are 0 to 5 independently of one another, condition be x, y different with z time be 0,
Wherein, described phosphite ester ligand is the mixture of bisphosphite ligands and poly-phosphite ester ligand, or the mixture of bisphosphite ligands and single phosphite ester ligand.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described transition-metal catalyst is be selected from least one in lower group: rhodium dicarbonyl acetylacetonate (Rh (AcAc) (CO)
2), methyl ethyl diketone carbonyl triphenylphosphine rhodium (Rh (AcAc) (CO) (TPP)) and carbonyl three (triphenylphosphine) hydrogenation Rh (HRh (CO) (TPP)
3).
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, described bisphosphite ligands is for being selected from 2, two (((the two phenoxy group of 2,2'-) the phosphino-)-oxygen)-3,3' of 2'-, 5,5'-tetra-tert-1,1'-biphenyl and 2,2'-two (((2, the two phenoxy group of 2'--) phosphino-)-oxygen)-3, in 3'-di-t-butyl-5,5'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl one or more.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, described poly-phosphite ester ligand is for being selected from 1,4-two (((4, the two phenoxy group of 4'-dimethoxy-6,6'-di-t-butyl-2,2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) benzene, 4,4'-two (((4, the two phenoxy group of 4'-dimethoxy-6,6'-di-t-butyl-2,2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) biphenyl and 1,4-two (((4,4', 6,6'-tetra-tert-2, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) at least one in benzene, and
Described single phosphite ester ligand is for being selected from 4, the two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base benzene, 4 of 4'-dimethoxy-6,6'-di-t-butyl-2,2'-, 4', the two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base benzene, 2 of 6,6'-tetra-tert-2,2'-, the two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base-2 of 2'-, at least one in two phenoxy group phosphine oxygen base-2, the 6-di-tert-butyl of 6-di-t-butyl-4-methylbenzene and 2,2'-.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, described transition-metal catalyst is rhodium dicarbonyl acetylacetonate, and based on the gross weight of reactant in reactor, its amount is 25 to 500ppm, as the content of the free transition metal in reaction medium.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described phosphite ester ligand is as bisphosphite ligands 2,2'-two (((2, the two phenoxy group of 2'-) phosphino-)-oxygen)-3,3', 5,5'-tetra-tert-1,1'-biphenyl and as 1 of poly-phosphite ester ligand, 4-two (((4, the two phenoxy groups of 4'-dimethoxy-6,6'-di-t-butyl-2,2'-) phosphino-) oxygen) mixture of benzene, and relative to the transition-metal catalyst of a mole, its amount is 1 to 100 mole.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, based on the phosphite ester ligand of a mole, the add-on of the compound represented by general formula 1 to 4 is 0.5 to 10 mole, wherein, the compound represented by general formula 1 is 3-(benzylidene) pentane-2,4-diketone, the compound represented by general formula 2 is 2-benzylidene-1H-indenes-1,3 (2H)-diketone, the compound represented by general formula 3 is toluylic acid, R-imino--, and the compound to be represented by general formula 4 is (Z)-2-phenylmethylene-3 (2H)-benzo [b] thiophene-3-ketone-1,1-dioxide.
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| CN114870901B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-04-16 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Bisphosphite polymer catalyst for olefin hydroformylation, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115850041B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-03-01 | 上海簇睿低碳能源技术有限公司 | Method for preparing aldehyde by olefin hydroformylation, application of phenolic antioxidant and method for improving stability of catalytic system |
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| US20140135533A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
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