CN1038137A - But fumigant device for fumigation and weld tabs material thereof - Google Patents
But fumigant device for fumigation and weld tabs material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1038137A CN1038137A CN 88103826 CN88103826A CN1038137A CN 1038137 A CN1038137 A CN 1038137A CN 88103826 CN88103826 CN 88103826 CN 88103826 A CN88103826 A CN 88103826A CN 1038137 A CN1038137 A CN 1038137A
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Abstract
A kind of spunbond, polyolefin piece synthetic tuft sheet of paper shape is preferably made through heat pressure adhesive by the polyolefin fine fibre, and it can see through gas, steam, but impenetrable liquid water and dust, natural waterproof has high the stretching and tearing strength, can carry out thermal weld.This material is used to make device for fumigation, discharges volatile materials with controllable speed, and can protect the not intrusion of liquid body water of its content fully.During application, but covering the thermoplastic hot weld adhesion layer of porous on the hot weld sheet material, its fusing point is low to moderate than polyamide fiber makes before fibers melt and to form the hot weld weld seam that like this, the physical property and the gas permeation rate of polyamide fiber are all kept basically.
Description
But the present invention relates to a kind of plastic sheet of novel thermal weld, this sheet material contains spunbond polyolefin sheets of paper shape or the pile fabric that one deck is formed by meticulous polyamide fiber hot pressing adhesion, this sheet material sees through steam and gas, but impenetrable liquid water and saturating dust have natively WATER RESISTANCE and high the stretching and tearing strength are arranged.The invention still further relates to this material manufacturing and can retain by the steam of insect-proof agent generation or the device for fumigation of gas, when especially containing hydrolyzable metal phosphide insect-proof agent, when it is exposed in the moisture of environment, because the metal phosphide hydrolysis just discharges phosphine gas in environment.
Aforesaid sheet material or film material have been known.Wherein some actual product comes into the market, as the registration mark product of Du Pont de Nemours company commodity TYVEK by name.These a series of robust products are made with 100% hdpe fiber through spunbond process integration.Sheet material is by spinning to such an extent that very thin polyethylene fiber constitutes, and in fact, just in commodity, every fibre diameter is about 0.005 millimeter, these fibers is paved into random netted, with heating and pressure these fibers is bonded together then.In these class commodity, do not use adhesive, slurry or filler.This product can cause different firmness or pliability and pleated performance, and wherein great majority are paper shapes, and different porositys is arranged.Compare with other material, toughness and endurable hitting property are good.The combination property of TENSILE STRENGTH, percentage elongation, tearing strength and flex life is fabulous.The surface can be made smoothly and be closely knit, is suitable for printing, coating or laminated.Product has natural water proofing property, this means that when being dipped in the water, its physical property is unaffected.Product has excellent size stability, anti-corrosion property, mildew resistance and chemical resistance.Fusion takes place at 135 ℃.Compare with the material of many other plastic base, this product has superior noninflammability.Meeting the flame product can shrink, but will burn lentamente and the polymer of the fusion of dripping.Under general service condition, product does not produce the Soft flocks particle usually.This series products of great majority has all carried out effective antistatic treatment when listing.These series products of great majority, particularly closely knit paperlike products has good water retention property, can support to meet and exceed 76 centimetres hydrostatic column cap.These products are recommended to be used for such as making card and label, sign label and sign board, skirting, book envelope, wall extension map, chart, packing and mail shell etc.
Above-named various performance all is sought after.Yet the applicant attempts to make these performances to be applied in the commercial Application that can run into some problem with a kind of special new application mode.
The applicant has developed recently and (has seen US-PS 4,597,218; Eu-PS 0,131 759) a kind ofly think the steam that retaining of a new generation produced by insect-proof agent or the device for fumigation of gas now, when especially containing hydrolyzable metal phosphide insect-proof agent, when it is exposed in the moisture of environment, because the metal phosphide hydrolysis just discharges phosphine gas in environment.This device for fumigation has adopted the form of pouch, just by the sheet material (some author is referred to as " synthetic tuft ") of the thermoplastic of nonwoven, less bag or the envelope shape pocket made, how much this sheet material is the thermoplastic fiber of arranging arbitrarily if containing, generally the method with heating and pressure sticks together fiber, forms felted or shaggy fabric.Its use can be used with single pouches, also can be a plurality of pouches connect to one smooth, folding again composite construction uses, so a kind of long ribbon, when accumulating, come or be converted into the accordion shape, be loaded on airtight and moistureproof container such as in sealing tin with regard to rollable.Before being about to use, this device for fumigation is taken out from gas-tight container, (state the situation of ribbon in the use) then the band of rolling or fold is opened, place environment to be smoked (patent cooperation treaty application WO-A-80/00119).Residue after the metal phosphide hydrolysis stays in device for fumigation with form of powder.This device for fumigation is made with heat weldable method, and the weld seam of formation is used for the side of involution pouch etc., and is forming a folding fold line one by one between the pouch.Under the situation of above-mentioned banded compound fumigation device, clearly, the flexibility of weld seam and physical strength thereof are important, be exactly that this also is very important when making single pouch, because before the final step of making, its method for making is the same with the method for making of composite band (being called " bag cover " in talking technology), when this long " bag cover " band is emitted by machine, behind the insect-proof agent of packing into, just be cut into one by one pouch along joint edge.
U.S. Pat-PS 4,597, and 218 have introduced the important improvement to this technology.Yet all these impart tear that can carry out the bondedfibre fabric (" synthetic tuft ") of thermal weld have satisfactorily proved all that some is circumscribed.Under the service condition of harshness or during improper use, these device for fumigation still can be torn or be broken.Have, often find that best test material still can not prevent spilling of thin dirt end fully, in other words, the pouch of fine powder cleans at one very much being equipped with very, when beaing on the level and smooth surface, can see having small quantities of powder to spill.If require to meet the requirement of very high sanitary condition, this can think to adopt rose and imitate T imperial mandate circle palmitic acid man rock bridle a kind of sedge order coral steel mace south and throw away the bits border school that walks lamely and wave good fortune Huan Chinese alligator smile shape and wash the stupid mu of which health mu latitude of rose to pound standing grain Hou type over sixty years of age mire Wei kasaya water caltrop Χ flag Gorgon euryale abdomen chessboard health be that the slender and delicate earnest unit of weight measurement, about six liang of the empty fish hawk of billy goat herds the widely different water caltrop φ shelf of earnest won ton man and reads bery
At last, although above-mentioned " a new generation " device for fumigation has many desirable performances, but it is defectiveness still, Here it is, the material of this device for fumigation seldom can, can not control water vapour in other words and enter the speed of insect-proof agent and the content of control in the device for fumigation discharges insect protected steam or speed from gas to environment.Such result is exactly, such as near the phosphine gas that the outer surface of device for fumigation, accumulates high concentration sometimes, otherwise, people wish that but these gases will discharge more equably, promptly in environment to be fumigated, pass through diffusion to approach gas, circulation, the speed that convection current or alternate manner scatter discharges gas.The local excess accumulation of phosphine gas when particularly environment temperature is higher, can take place in insect-proof agent being placed environment several leading hour especially.Not only because generally acknowledged now security reason is not wished this gas local accumulation, for the purpose of Pest Control is not wished so yet.Suddenly excessive the concentrating of hydrogen phosphide can make insect lie in a comatose condition, and therefore make insect no longer suck gas, and some insect can recover subsequently again.Therefore, people wish to realize discharging gradually and stably of gas and scatter.But former use and test, the plastics synthetic tuft does not reach or is helpless to provide this to require effect.
Applicant's test has also been studied the film material that the front was narrated.Finding its performance when the device for fumigation purpose that is used for just having narrated the front, is very desirable aspect a lot.Particularly find, compare, be greatly improved aspect tearing strength and the dust tightness with the material of testing previously.Yet, find that it can not carry out thermal weld with needed mode, the equipment that is suitable in the time of particularly can not using the prior art pouch to make.Make it to realize the bonding of satisfaction that the performance of fiber will be destroyed so if apply enough heat and pressure.It is transparent and crisp that weld seam becomes, and pouch just breaks easily, and metal phosphide will be emitted poisonous component or Powdered catabolite.
Also once did some trials and try hard to be coated with one deck adhesive by the side at flaky material, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) that is lower than sheet material such as fusing point or fusion range solves this problem.But a series of samples by different coatings or lamination process manufacturing all do not meet the demands, because in these cases, though can successfully carry out hot weld, have lost the transmitance of the phosphine gas of needed water vapour and release.
Therefore, must find the solution of this problem, develop a kind of the sort of novel sheet material of saying as the foremost, the hot weld of the weld seam that this sheet material can obtain requiring the various requirement performance of prior art sheet material with existing equipment combines, and to keep the various requirement performance, particularly high-tear strength of sheet material.The application content that proposes later, wise and solved this problem dexterously.In addition, by suitably selecting sheet material, now can produce the sort of insect-proof agent device for fumigation of partly discussing at preface, the various performances that meet the requirements that it had are that the device for fumigation of prior art is incomparable.Be surprised to find that very that particularly the novel device for fumigation that the present invention proposes can carry out control in my innocent life and utilize this performance can avoid undesirable local gas accumulation to reach the degree that never reached in the past to the rate of release of gas.
According to one aspect of the present invention, proposed a kind of as but that saves described hot weld plastic material in beginning, it is characterized by, but the hot weld thermoplasticity adhesion layer of the topped last layer porous in whole surface on the heat weldable side of needs at least, the fusing point or the fusion range of this adhesion layer are more much lower than polyamide fiber, make using common hot pressing welding, just formed weld seam in the past, therefore just kept the physical property of polyamide fiber substantially at the fusing point that reaches fiber.
The fusing point between polyamide fiber and the adhesion layer or the difference of fusion range should be greater than 20 ℃, for example between 30～80 ℃, especially between 40～70 ℃, at some in the example about 50～60 ℃ preferably.
The gas of adhesion layer and moisture content permeability basically should be than the high orders of magnitude of polyolefin sheets, especially when such adhesion layer will be covered with whole surface.Such sheet material manufacturing is simple, easy to use, because at this moment need not to weld in the predetermined footprint of sheet material, so utilize the topped sheet material in full surface more welcome.On the other hand, should be realized that, will save the material that forms the hot weld adhesion layer if adhesion layer is only limited in the zone that will form weld seam.If gas permeability becomes order of magnitude ground to surpass polyolefin piece, the gas permeability of so whole sheet material will depend primarily on the latter, and adhesion layer will not have big effect.
The gas permeability of adhesion layer depends on two factors:
A) thickness of adhesion layer shows it with the attachment material scale on the per surface area,
B) method of application of hot weld adhesion layer, this factor is a particular importance.
The applicant once attempted in all sorts of ways and realized target of the present invention, but did not all have successfully.For example, attempting to reach the set goal at sheet material upper strata unification layer EVA paper tinsel (although being very thin one deck) (at this moment is to select for use EVA to pardon as adhering to the even porcelain Na Я of the uncommon angry billy goat of the joyous plaque of the abdomen of material
On the other hand, have been found that, make it then to be melted on this surface, thereby obtain the method for high porosity, can successfully obtain adhesion layer by powdery attachment material spreading is opened.
For example, can directly be spread in powder on the polyolefin sheets, under the temperature of fusing point that is lower than the sheet material fiber or fusion range, make it fusion then.Although the fusing point difference between polyamide fiber and the attachment material is smaller,, accurately controls temperature again and can accomplish this point such as by the sheet material that spreads powder is had suitable length and the careful heat tunnel of controlling temperature through one.
A kind of preferable methods is the method that is called transfer coated method in this area, promptly be earlier attaching powder to be spread on the interim area supported, on this, carry out the fused layer of fusion formation porous, this porous layer transfer and attached on the polyolefin sheets, keep its porosity simultaneously substantially then.
The appropriate amount that has been found that the coating material that forms adhesion layer is about 10～50 gram/rice
2, especially at 15～40 gram/rice
2Between, and be preferably 15～30 gram/rice
2Have been found that 30 gram/rice
2The EVA attachment material can provide the result who feels quite pleased.Yet, also find, even 20 gram/rice
2Also very enough.
The adhesion layer material of selecting for use is compatible with polyolefin sheets, in order that make the sheet material can hot weld, at first be that self can hot weld, and preferably also can carry out hot weld with other bondedfibre fabric paper tinsel or film, these bondedfibre fabrics are by being polyethylene, polypropylene and their copolymer such as polyolefin, and the mixture of polyester or two kinds and multiple above-mentioned substance is made.EVA just can meet this requirement well, and it is a kind of good attachment material, and the fusion range of reasonable grade is about 75～80 ℃, and the fusing point of polyolefin sheets fiber is about 135 ℃.
Though yet-so not good-also can use the polyolefin adhesion layer, such as polyethylene, no matter high density or low-density preferably have fusing point same as described above, promptly the fusing point as fruit fiber is 135 ℃, and then the fusion range of adhesion layer is preferably 80～85 ℃.Test shows to have the polyamide of required fusing point or fusion range or the suitable admixture of the polyester and the material of giving an example and also can use, but do not recommend now.
The polyolefin of polyolefin sheets is polyethylene, particularly high density polyethylene (HDPE) preferably, such as the HDPE of fusing point 135 ℃ of scopes.Yet other polyolefin also can use in principle, such as, polypropylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyacrylic blend or mixture or ethylene propylene copolymer.
Must point out emphatically, narrate in spunbond used according to the present invention its feature of polyolefin sheets and performance and the United States Patent (USP) 4,653,644, the spunbond polyester that is used in what is called " Ropes " aspect has a great difference.The spunbond polyester of there narration had not both had the intensity of sheet material of the present invention, and liquid water and dust are not had barrier yet, and these characteristics are the key characters that are used for the polyolefine material of most of purposes that this specification narrates according to the present invention.Spunbond polyester sheet does not possess the performance of this requirement of permeability of restriction gas and steam yet.According to the present invention, this performance can be used to control the gas that device for fumigation of the present invention discharges or the speed of steam, this point further narration below.
If wish that just in these parts that will weld, any method of being narrated in the so available United States Patent (USP) 4,597,218 is accomplished this point at the zone use adhesion layer of the qualification of sheet material.
According to sheet material of the present invention many purposes can be arranged in commercial and industrial, as long as specific purposes (such as relevant density, flexibility, porosity and surface smoothness) are selected suitable sheet material.Such as, it can use heat weldable method, uses fairly simple equipment, does not damage the performance of membrane fiber or the characteristic of other requirement and is used for producing various (known in others) product.Be suitable for polyolefin sheets of the present invention and comprise such class microperforated sheet, this class microperforated sheet even bacterium are also thoroughly only.Therefore, this class microperforated sheet that is gone out by sheet production according to the invention can be used for sterilization wrap by hot weld, such as the packing of medicine, surgery article, dentistry article or amenities and the packing of instrument.
Another potential use is as drier (as silica gel) pouch and mail external packing.
Yet, about special and important aspect of the present invention, promptly be to have proposed a kind ofly to be used for retaining as disengage the device for fumigation of gas as described in the preface part by insect-proof agent, wherein, described pouch is made of this sheet material by hot weld, and this sheet material comprises that the part in one deck at least or one deck is by sheet material of the present invention defined above.
Particularly, each pouch is to be made of two sheet materials, carries out hot weld along its edge, forms weld seam, wherein at least a sheet material, and best two kinds of sheet materials all are according to sheet material of the present invention.
Another aspect; The present invention proposes and a kind ofly can retain the device for fumigation that is gone out steam or gas by insecticide or another substance release; This insecticide is included at least by two sheet materials; ，┨⑻⒕┨⒀廴П┨す。
These aspects of the present invention are as the basis with more than one invention step.But creativeness is the weld tabs material that is used for making device for fumigation according to of the present invention, but also is to select to be used for making the polyolefin piece of weld tabs material.Because with a large amount of ventilative synthetic resin sheet materials; comprise that the synthetic tuft sheet material has carried out the test in many years; be surprised to find that very much; the sheet material of this specific type has the ability of protection metal phosphide; and can regulate the rate of release of hydrogen phosphide with mode described here and degree; by former experience, some is that prior art is beyond one's reach.In order to make device for fumigation, this polyolefin piece has excellent performance and promptly liquid water is had tangible obstructing capacity.Therefore; the present invention accomplishes to make the device for fumigation such as insect-proof agent pouch that contain metal phosphide for the first time; this be fully since the water resistance of polyolefin piece every usefulness, just causes under regular service conditions and the very condition of appearance when accident is used under protect the not influence of liquid body water of metal phosphide fully.From the angle of safety, this is very important, because if there is not this kind protective effect, the metal phosphide component can spontaneous combustion take place owing to contacting with the accident of liquid water.For example, owing to the humidity of cereal to be fumigated or other agricultural product, roof leaking improper owing to covering or that the storage device leakage causes all can cause this situation.Selecting this respect, the impressionability of sheet material and antistatic behaviour also are important performance, the particularly latter, and it can reduce potential explosion danger and help some printing form.Now the sheet material that can accomplish has good smoothness, is in fact again an advantage.Also having an advantage is that this sheet material has very low combustibility.Be difficult to make it to ignite, even and the burning also burn very slowly.
After when commercially available polyolefin piece or synthetic tuft sheet having been carried out over a long time and begun, being the test of failure, finally be surprised to find that solution, promptly material be coated with that make it can hot weld and don't the performance that requires that keeps had a negative impact problem.If the present invention is adopted; just can realize a general target according to the device for fumigation of top definite each side so; promptly give insect-proof agent; the insect-proof agent that is based on metal phosphide specifically proposes a kind of good protection means to liquid water; even if do not add normally used protection composition; and this device for fumigation can be to retain the residue of insect-proof agent and used insect-proof agent than the former more reliable mode that can reach, even they are very thin powder.Have, this device for fumigation has been realized a new target again, can regulate the product of volatile content or these contents (as pH in predetermined mode
3) speed that discharges to environment.
In the middle of all these, may the most important thing is to be surprised to find that,, under actual service conditions, be significantly less than the best-case in the prior art of former existence on the surface of device for fumigation or near the phosphine gas concentration of surface.In this respect, be proved to be will an order of magnitude for novel device for fumigation.This improvement is neither neither the estimating of expection.
Scope of the present invention may extend into beyond the foregoing device for fumigation, promptly contains in the pouch of this device for fumigation such as with aluminum phosphate, magnesium phosphide, calcium phosphide or wherein several metal phosphide insect protected preparation, preferably aluminum phosphate and magnesium phosphide.
Have again, for the first time can in device for fumigation, use now in these phosphides any one and fully without any additives, particularly need not be commonly used to protect the sort of additive of aqueous water.Very it should be noted that now even can use industrial magnesium phosphide, this is the high material of a kind of activity, even its some commercially available device for fumigation of packing into, is difficult to also generally prevent that it from contacting with liquid water and spontaneous combustion takes place.
Like this, the present invention just expand to insect-proof agent be with aluminum phosphate, magnesium phosphide, calcium phosphide or wherein several be some object lessons of base-material.
According to selecting polyolefin piece for reaching desirable desired gas of aerogenesis speed and vapour transmission rate.Like this, just can control hydrogen phosphide aerogenesis speed by the decision of sheet material moisture vapor transmission.In addition, can be fully no matter how the relative humidity of stifling environment accomplish this point.Therefore, select porosity even become also have a crucial factor than temperature because, control moisture content enters device for fumigation speed from environment moisture vapor transmission to the interdependent degree of temperature not as so high to the interdependence of porosity.
So just can produce the device for fumigation that designs with different predetermined speed release hydrogen phosphide as requested,, and wish in other cases to discharge slowly because wishing to discharge hydrogen phosphide faster in some cases.
Only as an example, the moisture vapour transmission rate is (with gram/rice
2Expression in 24 hours) can be for example change 2000 from about 50, the one end is the device for fumigation that designs for slow release gas very, and the other end comparatively fast designs for outgas.
Moisture vapor transmission is more suitable for general situation from about 300～1000th, and is the stifling purposes that great majority are generally wished, the material of we ≡ long, rectangular bag calcium 00～750, such as 600～630.Its nominal weight of typical this polyolefin film materials (promptly before the use adhesion layer) is (with gram/rice
2Expression) be 30～150, that more general is is about 50～about 120, typically be about 60～about 90, such as 75.
The another kind of control method that restriction gas discharges is that restriction places the air-permeable surface of the sheet material that the per unit component is had in the device for fumigation long-pending.This can be by accomplishing such as following method:
When a) making device for fumigation, a part is used by sheet material of the present invention (such as in a side), remainder then uses with it different but compatible sheet material, and this sheet material has only very low or fully sees through gas or see through the permeability of steam, such as with little close thermoplastic paper tinsel.
B) topped with the very low or complete air-locked overcoat of air penetrability on predetermined part area on the gas permeability surface.
Outgas speed will be inversely proportional to the surface area through gas and steam.
Under situation a),, even do not use the special knitting layer just can be together two kinds of material hot welds if the fusing point of airtight paper tinsel or fusion range are more much lower than spunbond polyamide fiber.And airtight paper tinsel itself just plays a part knitting layer, such device for fumigation can be defined as and comprise the two-layer at least sheet material that is connected together by heat weldable weld seam, they have constituted the one or more pouches that contain the material of released vapour or gas, one deck is made up of the spunbond polyolefin sheets of a class, but as what when speaking of the hot weld plastic sheet, define and narrate, another layer is by suitable can forming with thermoplastic paper tinsel and film that the former welds mutually, and its fusing point or fusion range are more much lower than spunbond polyolefin sheets, and hot weld is together and don't the damage latter basically to make the former and the latter.The content of relevant device for fumigation can be used for other situation with similar method herein.
The content of device for fumigation need not be pulverous.They can be graininess or compacts, such as piller or small pieces.In the latter case, device for fumigation can be used as United States Patent (USP) 4,653, the good remodeling of the device of being narrated in 644, this device is called as " Ropes " in this area, at this moment, is bordering on spherical piller and is enclosed in individually in the cuvette shape pouch of being made by non-woven fibre sheet (synthetic tuft sheet).In the test of reality, this " Ropes " exposed shortcoming, their dust that can shed.But if use hot weld sheet material of the present invention will produce much better product.
Scope of the present invention also expands to commodity, building, packing device, transporting equipment and provides a kind of sterilization method such as vehicle, cabin or cask, promptly discharge hydrogen phosphide to these places, and in the required effective time of sterilizing, keep hydrogen phosphide that the concentration of insecticidal effect is arranged by above-mentioned device for fumigation.This aspect of the present invention also can be considered as protecting above-mentioned extensive stock and facility to make it not to be damaged, or improves a kind of method of its service property (quality).
According to a kind of remodeling mode of the present invention, aforesaid device for fumigation also can be used for encapsulating and discharges other insect-proof agent to environment, is not to rely on hydrolysis but owing to its intrinsic vapour pressure under service condition is emitted the insect-proof agent of pesticidal steam such as those.Object lesson has Globol (be used for eliminating textiles moth), Dursban or is adsorbed on Dichlorvos on suitable mounting medium or the naphthalene.Details just need not to have narrated.
According to the another kind remodeling mode of this device for fumigation, it can also be in a similar fashion as the slow releasing device that includes other volatile materials, such as putting into air freshener, spices, insect or animal driving agent.
To further explain the present invention with concrete example below, but should note, the invention is not restricted to these examples, and these examples should understand together with aforesaid more generally disclosure, and these disclosures will make the professional who is familiar with present technique implement the present invention in the gamut of claims.
In the accompanying drawings:
But Fig. 1 represents the partial cross section schematic diagram of weld tabs material of the present invention;
Fig. 2 represents the sectional view by the fumigant device for fumigation of the present invention of sheet material manufacturing shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 represents the plane of a device for fumigation with less ratio, and it along the section part of II-II line as shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 represents pack into the vertical view of receiver (lid removes) of another the many bagging apparatus form of implementation of the present invention as the fumigant device for fumigation;
Fig. 5 represents the side view of a kind of example in the process of pulling out of many bags of bands of the present invention from packing with less ratio;
Fig. 6 represents the gas release profiles that common paper bag and pouch of the present invention obtain, and every kind all contains 11.32 grams and is suitable for producing PH
3Technical grade aluminum phosphate;
Other different instances sectional view similar to Fig. 2 of Fig. 7 to 11 expression fumigant device for fumigation of the present invention is in wander sheet material manufacturing shown in the timid reward of chaff matter of Fig. 7,8 and 10 school .These all are depicted as a single pouch, but they can be many bags form, just can be referring to Fig. 2,3,4 and 5 represented many more completely bagging apparatus.
Figure 12 and Figure 13 represent facing and side view of banded device for fumigation bottom of the present invention respectively;
Figure 14 represents the schematic cross-section with the parallel plane banded device for fumigation mid portion of Figure 12;
Figure 15 and 16 the facing and side view of top of expression and Figure 12 banded device for fumigation similar respectively with 13.
Be appreciated that the present invention though be familiar with the professional of present technique by being described in detail of front, be regardless of the accompanying drawing of ratio, mainly narrated their feature with figure below with reference to these.Following narration should come together to understand in conjunction with the details of narrating previously.
Now at first referring to Fig. 1,1 is the cross section of sheet material in the drawings, this sheet material be thoroughly steam, be anhydrous bondedfibre fabric basically, it is a kind of spunbond paper shape polyolefin piece, by heating of polyolefin fine fibre and pressurization pressing are formed, but it can not be by liquid water and dust when seeing through steam and gas, and is natural waterproof and higher stretching and tearing strength are arranged.Explanation for example supposes that these products all are that Du Pont de Nemours company or its agent make and sell, and its registration mark is TYVEK, and model is 1073D.
The quality of this material is approximately 75 gram/rice
2, about 200 microns of thickness, the nominal value of moisture infiltration capacity (MVT) is 614 gram/rice
224 hours.Elmendorf (Elmendorf) method tear strength is 545/500 gram forward/laterally (pressing ASTM D 689-62).Its TENSILE STRENGTH is the 7.5/8.8 kg/cm
2Forward/laterally (press ASTM D 828-60), elongation at break are 26/32% forward/horizontal (pressing DIN 53857).Air transmission coefficient is that 23sec(is by Gurley Hill).Non-pressurized liquid water will can not permeate by this sheet material.Its surface is bright and clean.The thickness of single fiber is 0.005 millimeter, and its fusing point is about 135 ℃.
Be attached with porous cover layer 2 on sheet material 1, its rough surface is that 75～80 ℃ EVA constitutes by fusing point, and average use amount is about 30 gram/rice
2Make with so-called transfer coated lid method, this method is elder generation's spreading EVA powder on a provisional carrier, makes it the molten mass that fusion becomes one deck porous then, when it also is molten state it is shifted and fits on the polyolefin sheets, at this moment its porosity is guaranteed substantially.The surface that list of illustrations reveals this overcoat is coarse, also show, powder particle only is molten to such degree, be that they also do not merge fully, but formed the hillock of horrida cutis shape one by one, then be some perforates 3 basically between the hillock, just the side at sheet material has the EVA coating, and the ambassador of its porosity does not influence the gas and the vapour transmission rate of sheet material in fact on the border.
Referring now to Fig. 2,, this is a cross section in a plurality of pouches, and its cross section is by two sheets 1 ' and 1 " forms, they are equivalent to 1 among Fig. 1, all are coated with EVA2 in a side of each sheet material, the coat side opposite placement of two sheet materials.
Fig. 3 more specifically demonstrates this two sheets 1,2 by hot weld together, this is a plan view, hot weld along the longitudinal weld seam 3,4 and 5 and cross weld 6 carry out, so just formed the parallel cryptomere pouch 7 of two row, load weighted aluminum phosphate or magnesium phosphide powder all are housed in every bag, wherein can have additive also can not add.Weld seam 3 and 5 has constituted the both sides of this strap means, and longitudinal seam 4 longitudinally occupy middle.Weld line utilizes plastic sheeting to pack the used machine of commodity continuously to carry out hot weld and form.This hot weld is to carry out being enough to cause the EVA fusion and don't can causing under the temperature and pressure of fiber fusing of sheet material 1(1 ', 1 "), and hot weld makes two sheet materials be bonded together fully along weld seam, as shown in Figure 2.Can be referring to USP 4,597,218 as for the insect-proof agent of being adorned in each cavity 78, USP 4,215,508, PCT application number WO-A-80/00119(be equivalent to ZA-PS 79/2263) and the explanation of the corresponding patent of many other countries.But it should be noted that, the reason of having said owing to the front, can save the additive in the metal phosphide component now fully, additive-free or non-additive substantially metal phosphide powder of the use in generation or particle are technical grade magnesium phosphide or aluminum phosphate (meaning of doing like this is on record in Pesticidal technology) particularly.Yet; the most handy a small amount of water-repelling agent comes the impregnating metal phosphide by known method own; such as with 1～5%; 3% solid paraffin or specifically at US-PS 4,421 specifically, 742 and US-PS 4; 600; disclosed organo-silicon compound in 589 are particularly because in the manufacturing process that product is sealed before becoming device for fumigation, this has protective effect.The quantity of metal phosphide is chosen such that the amount that is equipped with in every bag should be able to provide 5 to 15 grams available (that is to say and can emit) hydrogen phosphide, and it is standard values that the aluminum phosphate composition in the pouch can disengage 11.32 gram hydrogen phosphide.
Can cut single pouch these rise central authorities of the weld seam that is separated from each other of ü ジ Cui that tut-tut of clearing the road for the emperor along line of cut 9 according to people's wish.Just made single pouch in this way, can be packaged in them individually or by predetermined quantity and be used in the airtight container storing and transportation.With such method, up to unpacking pouch taken out and to be used as before the fumigant device for fumigation uses, can avoid steam to enter metal phosphide.
Yet, shown in Fig. 3,4 and 5, device for fumigation of the present invention also can be the band shape of predetermined length, comprises two parallel row in the example that illustrates, pouch is connected to each other in every row, such as 100 pouches rolled or fold up before using and are stored in the gas-tight container.
Referring to Fig. 5, this is the side view of a plurality of pouches shown in Fig. 2 and 3.Zone 10 expression horizontal position welding seams 6, this seam the pouch that insect-proof agent is housed one by one separately.The last item is above the solid more anti-again part of tearing aperture 15 to be arranged in these weld seams, just can fix device for fumigation such as putting on a marline in the above.By people's wish, hole 15 can be strengthened with metal or plastics buttonhole.Many bags bands are folded up as accordion be packaged in the airtight container 16.The broken line of concertina be and single pouches between cross weld 10 match.In Fig. 5, container 16 is openings in 18 these sides, by this mouthful, shows along the arrow direction and is pulling out device for fumigation.
Now, referring to Fig. 4, what illustrate here 19 is another example of many bags of strap means, it is equivalent to weld seam 6 in Fig. 2 and 3 by many (such as 100) single pouch 20 by weld seam 10() interconnect, constituted a continuous ribbon, it is rolled-up and be contained in the air-tightness receiver 21.One end of this band also is fixed with the line that fraps as shown in Figure 5.
In test, confirmed that novel device for fumigation is so solid and dustproof fully, so that eliminated any for practical purpose even seldom measure the risk that poisonous dust enters environment (such as grain or the food handled with fumigant).Therefore, device for fumigation of the present invention (pouch or band) now can be directly and responsive food, contact such as flour, oatmeal, infant foods, dry fruit, nut and tobacco etc., and need not be as prior art need be by means of paper bag, cardboard or similar quarantine measures.Accident is lost the motion (storing or transportation such as adjourn) that pouch in commodity also is not easy owing to commodity very much and is split, and this happens occasionally when using the paper bag of prior art.
The biogas production characteristics of pouch of the present invention (Fig. 3) and common paper bag biogas production characteristics relatively be shown in Fig. 6.The general industry level aluminum phosphate that uses need not anyly make its biogas production characteristics affected method handle.Used common 70%(weight) technical grade phosphorization aluminium powder and 30%(weight) inert fraction.(0.5 meter of airtight experimental rig
3) in, under 70% relative humidity and 20 ℃, carry out the test of pouch.
It will be appreciated that the tolerance that produces from pouch of the present invention is well-proportioned, was according to almost being that linear relation is carried out in the past at the 7th day, produced PH at the 7th day
3Material consumption light.
See Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 of accompanying drawing now, a side of every kind of pouch also is by constituting as the sheet material of being narrated among Fig. 1 in both cases, and the numerical chracter here is identical with the meaning of Fig. 1, and an other side of pouch then is to be made of different sheet materials.These two edges along pouch are welded together at 6 places.Under the situation of Fig. 7, this different sheet material 31 is a kind of air-locked substantially materials, such as, it can be polyolefin-aluminum composite foil, also can be air-locked substantially multilayer complex films that polyethylene and more air-locked basically synthetic resin (as Vingon PVDC) constitute.Like this, allow moisture content to enter to be equipped with the bag chamber 7(of powdery or granular metal phosphide composition to represent by the pouch of Fig. 7 by many points 8) speed to be about as much as both sides all be half of the steam penetration speed of being permitted by the bag that same sheet 1,2,3 constitutes.Therefore, in this case, just correspondingly produce and discharge phosphine gas with half the speed that is equivalent to the described pouch of Fig. 2.
Again especially referring to Fig. 8, second sheet material 1 here ' ' ' also be to constitute by the spunbond paper shape polyolefin piece identical with ground floor, just it does not have porous cover layer 3.Sheet 1 ' ' ' on what replace it is a part 32, this is a kind of fine and close overcoat of being made up of fusion EVA, is used on practical purpose preventing that steam from penetrating from this part.This means penetrating of steam be limited in the surface area of sheet 1 and the 2nd last 1 ' ' ' not covered portion 33 on, this causes the aerogenesis speed of hydrogen phosphide to be proportional to the admission velocity of steam.
Referring now to Fig. 9,, one side of the pouch that illustrates here is by constituting as 1 among Fig. 8 ' ' ', but there is not topped porous layer 2,3, and opposite side to be sheet material 31 by fine and close basically airtight also waterproof vapour constitute, along the weld seam as Fig. 7 and 8 as shown in 6 and sheet 1 ' ' ' hot weld constitutes bag chamber 7 that insect-proof agent 8 is housed together.With sheet 1 ' ' ' fusion range of that side of relative sheet material 31 to be lower than at least sheet material 1 ' ' ' fusing point of fiber, be enough to make can carry out hot weld and don't make sheet 1 ' ' ' the polyamide fiber fusion.The another kind of selection, promptly available such as the part use suitable molten adhere layer of the way of narrating among the Figure 11 of back before carrying out hot weld at weld seam 6.It is similar to the speed of pouch described in Fig. 7 basically with the speed that produces hydrogen phosphide that steam enters insect-proof agent 8.
Referring now to Figure 10, this is Fig. 7,8 and the another remodeling of the example of 9 pouches of being narrated.In this case, a side 31 of pouch also is to be made of the 1 of airtight also waterproof vapour basically.An opposite side part also is by the sheet material bar 31 of airtight also waterproof vapour ' constitute, two 31 ' between be gap 34, this gap is covered by the ventilative also silver 35 of vapor pervious, this silver is to be made of as shown in fig. 1 sheet material 1,2,3.This silver 35 by hot weld in bar 31 ' the edge, weld is a lap.Similar to all examples of front, the edge of pouch is in the hot weld of 6 places.If bar 31 ' can by hot weld on bar 35, then need not attachment material 2, so just can save adhesion layer 2,3 itself.Another selection way: attachment material also can be only limited to lap.In this example, entering of steam is limited to 34 these parts basically, controlled by the transmitance of this part material 1,2,3.Therefore, the size of 34 this part area has just been controlled insect-proof agent 8 and is produced phosphine gas and it is discharged into speed in the environment to be fumigated.According to the change that can in all sorts of ways of the example of Figure 10.Silver 35 is placed on need not image pattern like that symmetrically, can for one of independent one 31 ' and independent one 35, this while has just replaced second 31 ".Can also bar 31 ' along weld seam 6 be soldered on the sheet 31 or the edge break of sheet 31 get up to form bar 31 '.
Referring now to Figure 11,, what illustrate here is that the present invention can be for the another example selected for use, in this example, the both sides of pouch all be by the not topped spunbond polyolefin piece 1 used as example among Fig. 9 ' ' ' constitute.Yet under this situation, the weld zone that is about to form edge weld has the adhesive layer 36 of EVA, its fusing point to be lower than basically layer 1 ' ' ' fusing point of fiber.On the right side of Figure 11, adhesive layer 36 fuses together at 6 places, and in the left side, and two adhesive layers are about to press the compacted and hot weld of the direction of arrow 37 indications together.
As in the example of all fronts, in this example, the also available Powdered or granular metal phosphorizing compositions in bag chamber 7 is filled.Yet this example and all examples of narrating previously also can be used to other purpose.In the illustrated case, the common camphor ball such as naphthalene system is equipped with in bag chamber 7.Such pouch is used for protecting such as treating that mothproof textiles makes it not take place directly to contact with naphthalene.Pouch is also controlled naphthalene and is discharged into speed in the environment.In this example and the pouch at aforementioned all examples, camphor ball 38 also can be contained the different cultivars of emitting volatile insect-proof agent gradually and be replaced.Yet the purposes of these examples is not limited to insect-pest.The material that also can contain air freshener or release spices.In addition, absorption can be housed in the pouch from environment or absorb the material of gas or steam, such as drier or a kind of absorbent or else be used for making the unlikely generation infringement of phosphine gas of still emitting too early at the hydrogen phosphide insect-proof agent of packing.This based composition itself is known, need not to describe in detail.
Now specifically have a look Figure 12 to 16 of accompanying drawing again, what illustrate here is the instantiation of banded device for fumigation of the present invention,, uses this high-tensile strength sheet material with special effective method here.A kind of remodeling of the example that this is among Fig. 2 to 5 to be narrated, it can also be retrofited with the whole bag of tricks of being narrated among Fig. 7 to 11, though do not recommend so.Compare with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, one of main difference is, the device of this band shape is to be connected together by the coupling part of softness and constituted by many pouches, but this be with narrow, also by from beginning to end, but have only row's pouch to form, single pouch is narrow, by the part that constitutes connection than two short limits, and the long both sides and side 39 overlaids of device for fumigation.This be because, do not prepare to be tiled on the bearing-surface or go up on the commodity top of piling up or in the neighbourhood with the whole strap means shown in 40, the example of Figure 12 to 16 is with other method, promptly with a long rod it is inserted into the depths as far as possible from commodity (as the cereal) top of piling up.
Past attempts attempts to adopt the synthetic tuff sheet material that proposes in the aforesaid prior art to make this class device for fumigation, but not very successful, and reason is that the tearing strength of synthetic tuff sheet material is not enough, is in sometimes even also that pouch has just split in the packing container.In addition, the material of prior art is more coarse, and when attempt was inserted into it cereal and similarly piles up the commodity depths, frictional force was bigger.These problems are all by the invention solves.In typical example, the length with 40 is 3080 millimeters.With 40 basically by the material of being narrated among two-layer Fig. 1 40 ' and 40 " constitute; longitudinal seam 46 ' and 46 39 vertically weld; cross weld 44 and 44 ' being with 40 to be separated into totally 22 (in exemplary) pouches 47 along the edge, 44 and 44 ' between have such as about 5 mm clearance 45.
In representative instance, weld seam is wide 8 millimeters, and the overall width of band is 70 millimeters, and the length that comprises each pouch of weld seam is 140 millimeters.The pouch at two ends is empty, and remaining then is equipped with insect-proof agent, and each will be packed into composition 25 grams of narration in the example 1 below in exemplary.
In the bottom (seeing Figure 12 and 13) of band, terminal empty pouch is folding at 41 places, forms a ring, loads onto the solid handle 42 of a steel in ring.The solid buttonhole 43 of ring 41 usefulness is sealed up.Another kind of way also can be welded with weld bonds layer as proposed by the present invention, but this is just so not good.
On the top (seeing Figure 15 and 16) of band, a circle 49 is arranged in 48 districts, this is a solid plastic fabric, be inserted into the two sheets 40 on empty bag of the top of opening ' and 40 " between, securely it is fixed on suitable position between two-layer with another buttonhole 50.Also can use the method (but not so good) of welding.
With the same method described in Fig. 4 whole device is rolled in the such receiver of the receiver that is sealed among Fig. 4 21.In fact, several (such as 4) strap means receiver of packing into can be arranged, this receiver is sealed makes it airtight and waterproof vapour, in order to storage and transportation.In addition, this strap means also can be folded into the accordion shape and packs by the method described in Fig. 5.
Actual tests shows because sheet material 40 ', 40 " smooth surface, and the intensity of band is big, can arrive band downward vertically among the insertion cereal with rod, and whole bands are all inserted.One end hook of rod is on handle 42.So just improved distribution of gas situation, even the height of heap is very high, such as the situation in cabin at the cereal vertical direction.Ring 49 is used for device for fumigation being pulled out after stifling finishing.For this device, the practical dose ratio is 0.7～28 gram PH
3/ ton cereal (i.e. 1 band/6～238 ton) is preferably 3～11 gram/tons (i.e. 1 band/15～55 ton), and more specifically the person is about 4 and restrains PH
3/ ton (i.e. 1 band/42 ton), each band contains about 500 gram medicaments here, can produce about 167 and restrain PH
3
Example 1
In pouch as described in Figure 2, each is equipped with the standard aluminum phosphate insect protected powder mixture of 34 grams, mixture consist of 70% industrial aluminum phosphate, 18.5% urea, the aluminum stearate of 7.5% ammonium phosphate and the mixture of sodium carbonate (1: 1) and 4%.
The size of each pouch is about 100 * 90 millimeters.
In order to compare, made the little paper bag that size similar (100 * 80 millimeters) contains the prior art of the identical aluminum phosphate composition of same quantity, in addition, be of a size of the composition that 100 * 90 millimeters polyester synthetic tuft pouch (similarly also being according to prior art) contains same composing quantity.
At volume is 0.5 meter
3The experiment air chamber in these pouches of test, the saucer that is filled with water is housed in the chamber keeps humidity and constant temperature at 20 ℃.
Survey phosphine concentration in the later air chamber of different time.From following table 1, can see the result.
The residual content of aluminum phosphate is as follows after the off-test:
Aluminum phosphate residual volume in the little paper bag is 3.4%, and polyester synthetic tuft pouch is 3.2%, and pouch of the present invention is 2.6%.Pouch of the present invention can make to decompose and carry out to such an extent that more complete this advantage is observed constantly.The reason that causes this excellent final result still is unknown, and this is a unexpected advantages of the present invention.
To see that also outwards the speed of emission gases is milder from pouch of the present invention, for the purpose of the insect-pest of reality also be wish such.
Example 2
" bag cover " the shape bag of making according to Fig. 2 and be used for fumigating the granary that includes 700 tons of wheats together by the bag shell-like bag of prior art polyester synthetic tuft manufacturing.Below table 2 be illustrated in the typical phosphine concentration that different fumigation times records, measurement of concetration carries out at Liang Chu, a place is directly and the bag part that contacts, a place is 8 centimeters above the bag shell-like bag in cereal.Cereal per ton use the insect-proof agent that can produce 27 gram hydrogen phosphide (2.5 bags per ton, each
Aluminum phosphate mixture in the 34 gram examples 1 is housed, totally 18 bag shell-like bags in the bag).This is the most general dosage ratio in some countries.About 20 centimetres cereal on bag shell-like bag upper cover.All cover with air-locked plastic film on cereal heap surface.
Following table reflects that the hydrogen phosphide release of device for fumigation of the present invention is quite to relax, and this is just avoided on the surface of bag shell-like bag or excessive near the concentration of surface, and the phosphine gas distribution in whole cereal is much also even.
Example 3
Make and tested three kinds of pouches as shown in Figure 10.Pouch is of a size of 100 * 90 millimeters, the sheet material that silver 35 adopts as shown in fig. 1, and sheet 35 has following each size:
A) 1 * 9 centimetre,
B) 2 * 9 centimetres,
C) 3 * 9 centimetres.
The industrial magnesium phosphide that 24 grams soaked with 3% solid paraffin is housed in each pouch.Under the following conditions pouch is exposed in the humid air.The air chamber volume is 0.5 meter
3The water dish that is filled with water is housed to guarantee that having enough humidity, air to remain on constant temperature is under 20 ℃ in the air chamber.It is 153000ppm that the amount of magnesium phosphide is enough to decomposing the back final gas concentration of generation fully.Yet, stopped test later at 144 hours.By finding out the speed that in air chamber, discharges hydrogen phosphide in the table 3.
Can see that the release of gas roughly is proportional to the area of ventilative silver.
Example 4
The paper bag of pouch of the present invention as described in Figure 2, the prior art sewed up with Sewing machines and prior art polyester synthetic tuft pouch (size of all pouches is all the same) the industrial magnesium phosphide that 24 grams flood as water-repelling agent with 3% solid paraffin of respectively packing into.
Pouch carries out following test to determine its security performance when the improper use:
1. water drip test
Two pouches of per sample (p.s.) are put into the tank (200 * 150 * 50 millimeters) that a sheet metal is made, and it is overlapping making them that half be arranged.In 1 hour with on bag, drip 70 ℃ water (one of per second) of dropping funel.At temperature is to carry out this test under 35 ℃.
2. water spray test
Such metal film trap that pouch is housed in the service test 1.On pouch, spray 10 ml waters with spray bottle.On pouch, sprayed 10 ml waters later on again, repeated like this to amount to 1 hour in 15 minutes.
3. receiver test
3 pouches are placed in 2 liters the receiver, pour 100 milliliters 70 ℃ water into and make and do not have pouch, keep this receiver and reach 4 hours.
4. soak test
Single pouch is put into a metal stamper, pour on the bag water make the water surface do not have at least the bag on 5 millimeters.Water kept 4 hours in the plate.
5. submerging test
In 800 milliliters beaker, add entry.The pouch of test usefulness was soaked in water 5～10 seconds, take out then and get rid of water, after this pouch was placed 4 hours.
6. powder test
15 gram mixture of powders are joined in 150 milliliters of cone-shaped glass flasks.Heat this flask with 50 ℃ air bath.When temperature reaches 35 ℃, add 5 ml waters with dropper.Flask was placed 1 hour.
Not having under the damaged condition, except pouch of the present invention, all the other all spontaneous combustions of all pouches.In powder test, the generation of positive according to expectation spontaneous combustion.
Example 5
Stifling as in Example 2 cereal, but the temperature-averaging when stifling wants high 10 ℃, and also the dosage that uses is than being cereal 68 gram compositions per ton.In a test, use the bag shell-like bag of the present invention as in the example 2.Use common bag shell-like bag in contrast test, composition wraps into earlier in the little paper bag, littler paper bag is packed in bag shell-like bag.
The pH that records at cereal place from 15 centimetres of bag shell-like bag distances
3Concentration (ppm) sees Table 4.
Can also see, control quite steadily that this shows that to keep distribution of gas to get at one section in for a long time quite even in cereal according to the hydrogen phosphide that the present invention produces.
Example 6
Make comparisons with the physical property of prior art
The moisture vapour transmission rate of synthetic tuft sheet of the present invention is selected 300-1000 gram/rice for use
224 hours persons, preferably 500-750 gram/rice
224 hours.The moisture vapour transmission rate of the spunbond polyolefin synthetic tuft of the technical grade of Shi Yonging sheet is 614～694 gram/rice the most
224 hours, (approximate rounding was 600 to 700 gram/rice
224 hours).This moisture vapour transmission rate rank with EVA overcoat 20～40 micron thickness, can not be subjected to tangible influence as spreading yet.The material of proof prior art in the past, its best moisture vapour transmission rate will surpass one times more than, that is:
Paper pouch: 1270 gram/rice
2/ 24 hours
Wet polyester synthetic tuft sheet: 1251 gram/rice
2/ 24 hours
Wet polyolefin synthetic tuft sheet: 1260 gram/rice
2/ 24 hours
The industrial polyolefin synthetic tuft material that is suitable for, when thickness is 0.14 to 0.25 millimeter (mean value), the tearing strength of its all directions except one, surpasses 5 Ns/millimeter all between 4.6 to 11.6 Ns/millimeter.This just with the 4.1 Ns/millimeter of tearing strength of the best paper bag of prior art, and the tearing strength of the synthetic tuft sheet of above-mentioned prior art is that 2 to 2.5 Ns/millimeter has had difference clearly.
The what is more important motion tearing strength of advancing is compared with prior art, surpasses spunbond polyolefin synthetic tuft sheet widely.
Here Fu Dai claims will be regarded a part of this disclosure as.
Table 4
5h 24h 48h 77h 92h 168h
Tyvek bag shell-like bag: 2,400 12,000 12,000 12,000 15,000 1800
The bag of common paper bag
Shell-like bag 6,000 18,600 24,000 21,000 15,900 1100
Claims (24)
1, can heat weldable plastic sheet, comprise spunbond, the preferably polyolefin piece of paper shape or synthetic tuft sheet, be bonded through heating and pressurizing by the polyolefin fine fibre, this sheet material can see through steam and gas but not see through liquid water and dust, and be waterproof and high stretching and tearing strength are arranged natively, it is characterized in that, sheet material (1) is at least on certain area, thermoplastic hot weld adhesion layer (2) in the topped one deck porous of a side to be welded (3), its fusing point or fusion range are more much lower than polyamide fiber, make that being connected on this fiber by common thermocompression bonding has just formed weld seam before reaching fusing point, like this, the physical property of polyamide fiber is kept basically.
2, material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, a whole side of sheet material topped adhesion layer (2,3), the gas of wherein sticking adhesion layer and moisture content transmitance be than the high order of magnitude of polyolefin piece, or only carry out topped as what be in the heat weldable zone of needs (36).
3, material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, fusing point between polyamide fiber (1) and the adhesion layer (2,3) or fusion range difference better are 30～80 ℃ greater than 20 ℃, are 40～70 ℃ well again, and 50～60 ℃ outstanding good.
4, according to any one material of narrating in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, polyolefin piece (1) is to make from 100% high density polyethylene (HDPE) with spunbond process integration, this technology is to spin very thin polyethylene fiber, in fact its diameter is about 0.005 millimeter, then its random alignment is reticulated, heating and pressurizing sticks together fiber again.
According to any one material of narrating in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that 5, adhesion layer is by pulverous attachment material (2) being sprinkling upon on the bearing-surface, on this surface this material fusion being made that staying many holes adds then; Such as, it is characterized by, powder is directly spread go on foot on polyolefin piece (1) fusion under the temperature of fusing point that is lower than this sheet fiber or fusion range then; Its feature or be that adhesion layer is to add by transfer coated method
6, according to any one material of narrating in the claim 1 to 5, the amount that it is characterized in that adhesion layer (2,3) is 10～50 gram/rice
2, be 15～40 gram/rice in particular
3, preferably be about 30 gram/rice
2
7, according to any one material of narrating in the claim 1 to 6, wherein the material of adhesion layer (2,3) is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyethylene.
8, according to the purposes of any one material of narrating in sterilization wrap in the claim 1 to 7.
9, according to any one material of narrating in the claim 1 to 7 in the purposes of making aspect the device for fumigation that in environment, discharges volatility or gaseous material.
It is 10, a kind of that be used for retaining can released vapour or the insect-proof agent of gas or the device for fumigation of other material, it comprises one or more pouches of being made through hot weld by sheet material, it is characterized in that, this pouch comprises any one sheet material of narrating (1 in a part in one deck or one deck such as the claim 1 to 7 at least, 2,3).
It is 11, a kind of that be used for retaining can released vapour or the insect-proof agent of gas or the device for fumigation of other material, it comprises at least two sheet materials, two sheet materials are combined together to form one or more pouches that energy released vapour or gaseous matter are housed through the hot weld weld seam, it is characterized in that, a sheet material is made through heat pressure adhesive by the polyolefin fine fibre, can see through steam or gas and impenetrable liquid water and dust, natural waterproof and polyolefin piece spunbond, preferably paper shape or synthetic tuft sheet (1 with high stretching and tearing strength; 1 ' ' ') constitute, another sheet by can with the former welding and its fusing point or fusion range than spunbond polyolefin piece (1 ' ' ') low be enough to welded together and don't damage the latter the former with the latter, and the suitable thermoplastic foil or the film of adhesion layer that need not be other.
12,, be single pouches shape (Fig. 7 to 11) or be the form of a bag shell-like bag (Fig. 2-5) according to claim 10 or 11 device for fumigation of being narrated.
13, according to any one device for fumigation of narrating in the claim 10 to 12, it is characterized in that, contain metal phosphide insect-proof agent (8) in the pouch (7), for example based on aluminum phosphate, magnesium phosphide, calcium phosphide or more than one medicament wherein.
14, the device for fumigation of narrating according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, insect-proof agent is technical grade aluminum phosphate or technical grade magnesium phosphide or their mixture, be substantially devoid of additive, or only contain the water-repelling agent that only enough plays the hydrophobic effect amount, such as about 3% solid paraffin, the most handy its floods.
According to any one device for fumigation of narrating in the claim 10 to 14, it is characterized in that 15, the steam transmitance of polyolefin sheets (1) is 50～2000 gram/m
224 hours, be preferably 300～1000, more preferably 500～750, such as 600～630 gram/rice
224 hours.
16, the device for fumigation of narrating according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, limit the ventilative area (33 on the sheet material that composition occupied that is enclosed in Board Lot in the device for fumigation by (32), 34) thus the rate of release of control gas or steam, wherein preferably a part (such as in a side or wherein a part of) is used as the determined sheet material (1 of claim 1,2,3) make device for fumigation, and the remainder using gases is very little with the vapour transmission rate or complete impervious different but compatible sheet material (31), such as the thermoplastic thin foil of densification, also can go up topped transmitance overcoat very little or that do not see through fully and come the ventilative area of restricted occupancy at the predetermined portions (32) of air-permeable surface.
17, according to any one device for fumigation of narrating in the claim 10 to 16, it is characterized in that, it is packaged in is used for accumulating in the airtight also waterproof part container (21).
18, according to claim 10, any one device for fumigation of narrating in 11 or 13 to 17, it is characterized in that, it is banded (40), comprises many soft coupling parts (44,45 of passing through end to end, 44 ') and a plurality of pouches of connecting together, one end of band is folded up and is fixedly become a ring (41), is equipped with above and draws button (42) to can be used to band is inserted in the commodity of accumulation, and the opposite end of band after having a ring (49) to be used for pulls out band.
19,, promptly be used for being contained in the slow release of the non-insecticide volatile materials of device for fumigation, such as air freshener, spices or insect and animal driving agent according to the change usage of any one device for fumigation of narrating in the claim 10 to 17.
20, to commodity, building, the packing facility, the sterilization method of transportation facility (as car, cabin or cask), it is characterized in that, discharge hydrogen phosphide and in effective disinfecting time, keep the phosphine gas concentration of insecticidal effect to above-mentioned all place with any one device for fumigation of narrating in the claim 10 to 18.
21, make in order to hold the device for fumigation that can discharge insect protected gas that holds foreskin of insect-proof agent by a part of plastics synthetic tuft sheet a kind of comprising at least to environment, it is characterized in that plastics synthetic tuft sheet material is not see through stress-free water basically, and the transmitance of its water vapour is not more than 1000 gram/rice
2Xiao Bao
22, according to the device for fumigation of claim 21, its water vapour permeability is a 300-1000 gram/rice
224 hours, be preferably 500-750 gram/rice
224 hours.
23, according to the device for fumigation of claim 21, wherein plastics synthetic tuft sheet material is a kind of spunbond synthetic tuft sheet of paper shape that is formed through heat pressure adhesive by the polyolefin fine fibre, and its TENSILE STRENGTH is not less than 4.6 Ns/millimeter (ASTM D 82360)
24,, wherein contain a kind of hydrolyzable metal phosphide according to the device for fumigation of claim 21.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88103826 CN1013775B (en) | 1988-05-26 | 1988-05-26 | Fumigant applicator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88103826 CN1013775B (en) | 1988-05-26 | 1988-05-26 | Fumigant applicator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1038137A true CN1038137A (en) | 1989-12-20 |
| CN1013775B CN1013775B (en) | 1991-09-04 |
Family
ID=4832775
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88103826 Expired CN1013775B (en) | 1988-05-26 | 1988-05-26 | Fumigant applicator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1013775B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1091348C (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 2002-09-25 | 信越化学工业株式会社 | Sustained release preparations |
| CN103343703A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-09 | 陈庭堂 | Internal combustion engine of spindle free-lever mechanism |
| CN103879639A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-06-25 | 昆山市耐光包装材料有限公司 | High-performance plastic packaging bag |
| CN115916662A (en) * | 2020-10-02 | 2023-04-04 | 贝尔码股份有限公司 | Fragrance component volatilization device and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1988
- 1988-05-26 CN CN 88103826 patent/CN1013775B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1091348C (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 2002-09-25 | 信越化学工业株式会社 | Sustained release preparations |
| CN103343703A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-09 | 陈庭堂 | Internal combustion engine of spindle free-lever mechanism |
| CN103879639A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-06-25 | 昆山市耐光包装材料有限公司 | High-performance plastic packaging bag |
| CN103879639B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-07-06 | 江西华硕包装有限公司 | High performance plastics packaging bag |
| CN115916662A (en) * | 2020-10-02 | 2023-04-04 | 贝尔码股份有限公司 | Fragrance component volatilization device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115916662B (en) * | 2020-10-02 | 2023-09-08 | 贝尔码股份有限公司 | Aromatic component volatilization device and method for manufacturing aromatic component volatilization device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1013775B (en) | 1991-09-04 |
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