CN103813480A - Method for construction of mobile communication network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for construction of a mobile communication network. A ZigBee technology is adopted to perform networking, and the network comprises base station nodes, relay nodes and mobile terminal nodes. A base station node device type is ZC, a relay node device type is ZR, a mobile terminal node device type is ZED, the base station nodes are not the nodes which the network must have, and identity authentication is needed when the mobile terminal nodes are connected to the network. If the number of the base station nodes exceeds one, a high-speed network is established between the base station nodes again, or the range of the high-speed network extends to all or part of relay nodes. The network at least achieves one voice or data communication function. The network can selectively achieve a voice and data interaction function similar to functions of walkie talkies, mobile phones and instant messaging software and the like; due to the fact that the bandwidth is limited, priorities are necessarily set so as to guarantee a communication function high in priority. The method is low in network construction cost, a frequency band is used freely, the safety is high, and the method can serve as a backup means.

Description

A kind of mobile radio communication construction method

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of traffic, relate in particular to a kind of mobile radio communication construction method.

Background technology

ZigBee is a kind of wireless network protocol of low speed short-distance transmission.Zigbee protocol is respectively physical layer (PHY), MAC layer (MAC), transport layer (TL), network layer (NWK), application layer (APL) etc. from top to bottom.Wherein physical layer and MAC layer are followed the regulation of IEEE802.15.4 standard.The feature of ZigBee mainly contains the following aspects: (1) low-power consumption.Under low power consumption standby mode, No. 5 dry cells of 2 joints can be supported 1 node work 6 ~ 24 months, even longer.This is the outstanding advantage of ZigBee.Compare, bluetooth can be worked and can be worked a few hours several weeks, Wi-Fi.(2) low cost.By significantly simplify agreement (less than bluetooth 1/10), reduced the requirement to communication controler, by forecast analysis, with 8051 8 8-digit microcontroller measuring and calculating, Full Featured host node needs 32KB code, and subfunction node is few to 4KB code, and ZigBee exempts from agreement patent fee.(3) low rate.ZigBee is operated in the communication speed of 250kbps, meets the application demand of lower rate transmissions data.(4) closely.Transmission range generally, between 10～100m, increasing after RF transmitting power, also rises to 1 ~ 3km.This refers to the distance between adjacent node.If by the relay of route and inter-node communication, transmission range can be farther.(5) prolong in short-term.The response speed of ZigBee is very fast, generally proceeds to operating state from sleep and only needs 15ms, and node connection enters network only needs 30ms, has further saved electric energy.Compare, bluetooth needs 3 ~ 10s, Wi-Fi to need 3s.(6) high power capacity.ZigBee can adopt starlike, tree-shaped and mesh network topology, manages some child nodes by a host node, and maximum host nodes can be managed 254 child nodes; Host node also can, by last layer network node control, can form at most the large net of 65000 nodes simultaneously.(7) high safety.ZigBee provides three level security patterns, comprises the symmetric cryptography that prevents illegally obtaining data and adopt Advanced Encryption Standard (AES128) without security settings, use access control inventory (ACL), to determine flexibly its security attribute.8) unlicensed band.Adopt direct sequence spread spectrum in the industrial science medical treatment 2.4GHz(whole world) (ISM) frequency range.The be divided into telegon of equipment (Coordinator in ZigBee-network, ZigBee-network telegon is referred to as ZC thus), router (Router, ZigBee-network router is referred to as ZR thus), the Three role such as terminal equipment (EndDevice, ZigBee-network terminal equipment is referred to as ZED thus).ZigBee is as a kind of short-distance wireless communication technology, because its network can, easily for user provides wireless data transmission function, therefore have very strong applicability in Internet of Things field.According to the These characteristics of ZigBee, can be applied to the flexible networking of the complex environments such as field.As a kind of communication network, naturally also can be used for voice communication.The ZigBee transmission data rate of standard is 250Kbps, the transmission rate that manufacturer supports at present can reach 1Mbps, higher transmission rate means lower receiving sensitivity, also mean shorter communication distance, therefore in the less demanding occasion of speech quality, use the minimum the poorest speech quality of accepting, i.e. minimum communication traffic, to guarantee speech range as far as possible.Under the communication speed of 250Kbps, there is in theory the delivery flow rate of 25KBps, can meet telephony quality, be i.e. ITU-TG711 standard, 8kHz sampling, 8bit quantizes, code check 64Kbps, and AM broadcast adopts ITU-TG722 standard, 16kHz sampling, 14bit quantizes, code check 224Kbps, and standard ZigBee250kbps is also satisfiable.Wireless speech communication, because the data volume of transmission will be lacked as far as possible, therefore need to adopt voice compression algorithm first data to be compressed conventionally, and then transmission, and recipient plays after according to corresponding decompression algorithm decompress(ion).A typical ZigBee speech communication system gathers speech data by audio ADC chip, via I2S bus transfer in the single-chip microcomputer with Audio Processing Unit (as ZICM2410 chip), through hardware compression unit, carry out data compression, optional μ-law, A-law and ADPCM etc., then enter the FIFO of MAC layer, be finally modulated into emission of radio frequency signals by PHY layer and go out.Zeng Yonghua has designed a kind of voice communication system in " the under-mine voice communication system design based on ZigBee technology ", but about how networking is not elaborated.The mobile phone that changes that doctor's Chen Liuming of state-run Kaohsiung, Taiwan university " being applied to the mobile phone system of changing of the real-time phonetic transmission under ZigBee-network environment " realized stable high-quality communication for the terminal that is in movement between multiple base stations (telegon or router) has been manufactured further research, and this achievement in research has proved to set up a ZigBee-network that is similar to mobile operator cellular communication and carried out voice communication.

Existing communication network comprises wired and wireless two kinds of modes, wired as landline telephone, computer network, wireless as mobile communication.Our conventional communication system generally refers to and at least comprises voice communication system, and as landline telephone and mobile communication, these all depend on common carrier, if but occur disaster incidents, communication may be had a strong impact on and is interrupted so.In October, 2013, there are floods on a large scale in Yuyao, Ningbo, it is also disaster-stricken serious that part small towns more than 80% is flooded in city, communication, power supply, the basic paralysis such as water supply, also be interrupted as the communication of maintaining social stability and bear the public security department of part disaster relief function, the police wireless communication cluster system of public security department (is talkback system simultaneously, this system Construction cost is high and use cost is also higher) because hand platform (being intercom) power consumption cannot be used more greatly and very soon, (next piece electroplax of normal condition can only use several hours, and two of polygamies of hand platform), therefore, before higher level department reinforces, the action such as the disaster relief of whole Yuyao public security are not effectively organized, several in the state blindly of laxing very much as absent-minded professor.Just need in this case a kind of backup mobile radio communication that does not rely on operator's little power consumption, the These characteristics of ZigBee-network and advantage can be for conveniently building emergency network, and relevant research shows that ZigBee-network also can be for voice communication, much less data communication is a most basic function of any network, is therefore applicable to for building so a kind of mobile radio communication.

Summary of the invention

The present invention will solve existing mobile radio communication and use the serious restriction and the higher problem of cost that are subject to the external factor such as electric power.For addressing the above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mobile radio communication construction method, utilizing on the bases such as the flexibility of ZigBee technology realization networking, convenience, fail safe, realize a kind of voice for subsequent use and/or communication network, thereby can carry out mobile communication application with lower cost.

A kind of mobile radio communication construction method of the present invention, has at least realized a kind of voice or data communication function thereon take ZigBee-network as basis, and concrete scheme is:

This ZigBee-network comprises base station, relaying, mobile terminal three category nodes, and it is ZC(ZigBee network coordinator that base-station node only has a device type), relay node equipment type is ZR(ZigBee network router), mobile terminal node device type is ZED(ZigBee network-termination device).Wherein via node is the nonessential node type having, the normal transmission that only may well exceed ZigBee equipment used in distribution apart from time or be blocked etc. in situation or when access mobile terminal is more and just can use.General ZigBee module transmission range is 70-100 rice, adopt the enhancement mode ZigBee module communication of power amplification can reach more than 3000 meters apart from maximum, distance is visual range above, transmission range real in practical application can be because the interference of various environmental factor be as stopped and shorten by building, physical relief, can transmission range if distance exceeds reality, so just need relaying.If other node of another one node access is too many, also can have a certain impact for communication, therefore to control the number of nodes that allows access, if the terminal node that base-station node may access is more, a part wherein to be distributed to via node.Do not allow not licensed equipment add this ZigBee-network and allow licensed equipment (be generally base-station node by determining that reliable node networks in order to ensure safety, what need to add through via node is via node, can fix like this and simplified network topological structure), can arrange all nodes in advance.The one, unified individual territory net identifier (PAN ID) is set, the interior all equipment of this mobile radio communication (comprising the equipment networking possibly) all arranges same foundation or adds the PAN ID at networking.The 2nd, in base-station node and via node, arrange one and allow the equipment list adding, each corresponding record of the equipment that adds that allows, and by its IEEE address (also can be MAC Address) and/or the network address (also can be logical address), equipment is carried out to unique identification, indicate IEEE address and/or the network address of the father node (base-station node and via node) that will add network for mobile terminal node.Above-mentioned identification authentication mode also can change unified networking authentication server in network into and authenticate, relevant authentication function is called in base station, and mobile terminal can move and can not be confined to a region (if father node not being carried out to restricted setting) in whole network like this.In order further to ensure safety, can also increase password authentication.

If each base-station node and affiliated relaying and tree topology of mobile terminal node formation and depth capacity are no more than 2 non-relay nodes and form a star topology, if base-station node exceedes one, form a bunch of tree topology, and can between base-station node, set up separately again express network, or also this express network scope be extended to all or part of via node.The hub-and-spoke configuration network degree of depth is the shortest is only 1, and except Centroid, the network distance (jumping figure) between any two nodes is 2, also be the shortest, can reduce like this time delay that Internet Transmission causes, therefore less and all within distance at nodes, generally adopt hub-and-spoke configuration.Communicate relaying if must use via node, at this moment be tree structure, if two network distances node intercommunication more so, can have obvious network delay, therefore network depth capacity is controlled and made it be no more than 2, the relay function of using via node mainly contains two class situations, the one, the situation that access node is more, before describe in detail; The 2nd, distance and disturbed condition, comprise again following two kinds of concrete situations: the one, and under complex environment, the 2nd, spacing distance exceedes the transmission range of ZigBee module herein.In the first situation, can in the situation that making base-station node guarantee to communicate by letter with via node, (can all adopt enhancement mode ZigBee module), if some mobile terminals (employing be standard type ZigBee module) can not be linked base-station node, link by via node, like this network topology structure just from star-like become tree-like, so in order to occur in the face of this situation, in mobile terminal node, can indicate respectively IEEE address and/or the network address of Zhufu node (being generally base-station node) and the father node for subsequent use (being generally via node) that can add network, preferentially add network from base-station node, when not all right, just add network by via node.In the second situation, be applicable to two groups and above corporate action and have the situation of one group of apart from each other at least, far away like this one group must be passed through via node access network, but wants the degree of depth of limiting network, here be restricted to 2, the maximum network of any two mobile terminals distance is 4; Because it is long that controlling depth may not cause some internodal communication delays.Foregoing description be all the analysis that network that single base station node and affiliated relaying and mobile terminal node are formed carries out, if the star-like or tree network that has multiple this base-station nodes and form is interconnected at together, its overall network topology structure is exactly a kind of bunch tree type (Cluster Trees) structure so.If will communicate each other, so possibly through 5 jumpings and above (because at least 1 jumping between base station), at this moment network delay can be more obvious, in order to shorten this time delay, can between base-station node, set up separately again express network, set up more than 100,000,000 express network of gigabit such as directly drawing light pricker or twisted-pair feeder, very applicable between this building, some buildings for a compound, if scope is the larger passage of just renting possibly operator again, also this can express network scope be extended to all or part of via node, via node every described base-station node generally in same building building, so it is also not high that the very convenient cost of express network is built in own bracing wire.There is express network as backbone, transfer of data time delay on all like this express networks is negligible, any two internodal communications maximum 2 are jumped (via node is also linked express network) or 4 jumpings (via node is not linked express network), and this has just improved the performance of mobile radio communication greatly.

As a kind of mobile radio communication, network at least will be realized a kind of voice or data interaction communication function, and the data interaction communication is here relative interactive voice communication, just refers to non-voice interactive communication.But ZigBee-network is as a kind of complete network technology, can realize the data communication of any type, as long as bandwidth license, but interactive communication refers to and can artificially initiatively initiate here, but not in some ZigBee-networks, pure program is independently mutual, specifically comprise: the one, be similar to the full duplex function of voice communication of mobile phone (here not containing the non-movable termination for interactive information between people, because they are not just originally to carry out voice communication originally), the voice communication of handset mode is modal, but owing to being full duplex, therefore higher for the requirement of bandwidth, the 2nd, be similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom (here not containing the non-movable termination for interactive information between people, reason is the same), intercom pattern is that the semiduplex bandwidth taking will be lacked half, and be generally broadcast mode, people the whole network of talking all can be heard, this often need to use in police military scenario, but at present also has intercommunication one to one, the 3rd, be similar to the data communication function of SMS or data are wherein extended to file and/or operational order, the short message of this function and file transmission are similar to the instant communication softwares such as common QQ, and operational order is mainly for the non-movable termination for interactive information between people, as control this class and be provided with the terminal returned data of some transducer, as photo site, vital sign information etc., also can be used for being used in the movable termination of interactive information between people and carry out certain action, as sent photo site in police occasion, suspect's photo or detailed action indication etc., the 4th, broadcast and/or the data communication function of multicast pattern or data are wherein extended to file and/or operational order, this is that a kind of communication mode and ZigBee-network of saving bandwidth supported completely to this, as sent emergency notice in police occasion, be to send to everyone of participation action, allow all participants all have a good idea of how things stand, at this moment with broadcast mode not only fast but also save bandwidth, the 5th, the phonetic function (not containing the non-movable termination for interactive information between people) of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model, conference model can be for specifically not specifying many people to discuss, and some softwares such as MSN have just been realized.Also have other various interactively voice communications versus data communications, this can be with reference to microblogging, micro-letter, footpath between fields, footpath between fields on the Internet at present, push away new voice and/or the data interaction communication of the various novel interchange software developments such as spy, the types of facial makeup in Beijing operas.

Mobile terminal adopts the mobile phone with ZigBee module, has had at present experimental product to occur, can carry out general communication with the network of mobile communication carrier at ordinary times.In the time that general communication inconvenience (as finite capacity) maybe can not adopt (as blind area), ZigBee module is carried out voice communication, it realizes principle and Zeng Yonghua is basic identical in " the under-mine voice communication system design based on ZigBee technology " described principle, but at current mobile phone as a processing terminal with power, can develop more easily corresponding software, and expand other voice communications versus data communications function.By except comprising the above-mentioned movable termination for interactive information between people, mobile terminal node also can comprise the non-movable termination for interactive information between people.In some occasions, except interpersonal communication, also need the movable sensor terminal that gathers particular data with some to communicate, to obtain corresponding detection data.Such as in the police when an outlying mountain village implements to arrest, in the time of the early stage inspection of the scene of a crime, some watch-dogs, sound pick-up outfit can be placed on to predetermined place to monitor, the data of the Real-time Collection of these sensor devices, can better ensure action in action time.

Due to the current general limited bandwidth of ZigBee-network, the ZigBee transmission data rate of standard is 250Kbps, just can meet the voice communication of telephone sound quality, adopts compress speech can further reduce taking of bandwidth, but can be not a lot.Therefore, will cause important communication to realize if there is bandwidth contention, should be to various communication function prioritization, to ensure that important communication can preferentially realize, and really reaches the effect of emergency communication in the time realizing emergency communication.Concrete scheme is:

For realized various communication functions arrange priority, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of communication function that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical communication function of priority preferentially ensures.Such as being similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom and the data communication function priority of non-concentrated small data quantity is the highest, the full duplex function of voice communication priority that is similar to mobile phone is taken second place, and phonetic function, the data communication function priority concentrated or big data quantity of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model are minimum.In police occasion, emergency communication mostly gets used to adopting intercom, intercom pattern can meet most needs of urgently needed occasion, and this pattern is for also not high (because being semiduplex) of requirement of bandwidth, therefore considers to give higher priority here.For some, the data communication of small data quantity, also can give higher priority, because this communication does not account for any bandwidth substantially, if but the data communications requests of small data quantity is too concentrated, also just and big data quantity is similar understands passage, therefore to give a restriction, exceed 200K as once must not transmit, in one minute, transmission quantity must not exceed 1M etc., can according to circumstances arrange.In the time of specific implementation, can consider by most bandwidth that for the bandwidth of voice communication, small part, for data communication, two kinds of communications do not interfere with each other, the ZigBee-network of 2.4G has 16 channels, can distribute as required.For the communication function of different priorities that is both voice communication or data communication, in the time running into conflict or competition, what priority was high can the low communication of interrupt priority level, but can adopt in two ways in the time realizing: the one, interrupt completely other communication, cut off logical links, the 2nd, only hang up the logical links that still retains communication, after the high sign off of priority, automatically recover communication.

Or for to add each mobile terminal of network that priority is set, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of mobile terminal that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical mobile terminal of priority preferentially ensures.In general user and mobile terminal fixedly can be mapped, then determine priority according to user's post, professional level, post, the priority that professional level is high are high, and post, the priority that professional level is low are low, have post by post, inofficious be the preferential professional level of post by professional level.Due to user and mobile terminal fixing in requisition for a perfect maintenance mechanism to guarantee this fixing corresponding correctness, some time use inconvenience, therefore can directly set priority for mobile terminal itself, in use terminal distribution the highest priority is given high by commander's level or had more the user of importance, most of time, the two is unified, except those are responsible for the terminal and user of telecommunication management or transfer specially.

According to circumstances integrated use of above-mentioned measure, can bring into play the due effectiveness of mobile radio communication.

This method is based on ZigBee technology networking, construction and operating cost are low, dispose and manage simple flexibly, can quick and convenient realization emergent voice communication, and can expand abundant voice, data interaction communication function, can apply to the various spare communication occasions such as civilian, police, military, as the backup of existing other communication mode; Also can be transplanted to easily other interim or emergency communication occasion.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the networking control topological diagram based on ZigBee.1. base-station node, 2. via node, 3. mobile terminal node

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A kind of realization of public security spare moving communication network.

You Sanzhuan building in a less compound, phase mutual edge distance is no more than 50 meters, wherein a base-station node 1 is installed in Yi Zhuan building, 1 via node 2 of the each installation in Ling Liangzhuan building, mobile terminal in San Zhuan building nearby by base-station node or via node access network, is responsible for unified authentication by base-station node respectively.Base-station node, as network coordinator, is responsible for starting and setting up whole network; Via node, as building routing device, except connecting by ZigBee mode, is set up in addition gigabit Ethernet and is connected, as long as gigabit Ethernet can connect and use gigabit Ethernet to carry out transfer of data.Mobile terminal adopts has the smart mobile phone of ZigBee module, and all mobile phones all pass through the ZigBee module ZigBee-network of formation that is connected with base-station node.The PAN ID of this ZigBee-network is all set to 214, it is 214 ZigBee-network that all mobile phones are all linked PAN ID by the APP programming carrying, and arranges simultaneously and allows the MAC Address of other mobile phone ZigBee module that adds network and arrange to add password as the mobile phone of base-station node.

Mobile radio communication is realized a kind of half-duplex voice communications function that is similar to intercom, can only have people's speech any time, takes broadcast mode to be transferred to other mobile phone of the whole network; Press mobile phone itself and set priority, wherein base-station node priority is the highest, and the priority of all the other mobile phones is identical and lower than base-station node, the intercommunication broadcast that base-station node is initiated can be interrupted the intercommunication broadcast that any other mobile phone is initiated, and is therefore held by the highest commander.In 16 channels, a channel is for data communication, and a channel is preserved for network self-management, and other channel is all for voice communication.

In the time using mobile radio communication, all personnel all opens corresponding software in mobile phone (can be arranged to not affect the pattern of operator's general communication, also can be set to the only pattern for ZigBee communication), automatically accept at ordinary times speech data, press-to-talk key can be initiated intercommunication broadcast, unless interrupted by commander; When non-initiation call, can send and accept the note such as word, photo (restriction is sent out 200K with interior), in order to save time, can be by wherein prefabricated some conventional interchange notes, only need to select to send, thereby save time.

Claims (4)

1. a mobile radio communication construction method, is characterized in that:

The networking of employing ZigBee technology, network comprises base station, relaying, mobile terminal three category nodes, base-station node device type is that ZC, relay node equipment type are that ZR, mobile terminal node device type are ZED, the wherein nonessential node having of via node, mobile terminal node networks need be by authentication;

If each base-station node and affiliated relaying and tree topology of mobile terminal node formation and depth capacity are no more than 2 non-relay nodes and form a star topology, if base-station node exceedes one, form a bunch of tree topology, and can between base-station node, set up separately again express network, or also this express network scope be extended to all or part of via node;

A kind of voice or data communication function are at least realized.

2. mobile radio communication construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that any one or multiple communication function below realizing aspect communication function:

The one, be similar to the full duplex function of voice communication of mobile phone;

The 2nd, be similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom;

The 3rd, be similar to the data communication function of SMS or data are wherein extended to data file;

The 4th, broadcast and/or the data communication function of multicast pattern or data are wherein extended to file and/or operational order;

The 5th, the phonetic function of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model.

3. mobile radio communication construction method according to claim 2, is characterized in that:

For various communication functions arrange priority, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of communication function that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical communication function of priority preferentially ensures;

Or for each mobile terminal arranges priority, running into conflict or when competition, the preferential guarantee of its communication of mobile terminal that priority is high, the communication formerly of the identical mobile terminal of priority preferentially ensures;

Or above-mentioned two kinds of measures is comprehensive.

4. mobile radio communication construction method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:, it is characterized in that:

Be similar to the half-duplex voice communications function of intercom and the data communication function priority of non-concentrated small data quantity is the highest, the full duplex function of voice communication priority that is similar to mobile phone is taken second place, and phonetic function, the data communication function priority concentrated or big data quantity of full duplex and/or semiduplex conference model are minimum;

Or consider and set up priority for mobile terminal by commander's level of user or importance or both;

Or above-mentioned two kinds of measures is comprehensive.